EP0640243B1 - Relais de puissance polarise - Google Patents

Relais de puissance polarise Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0640243B1
EP0640243B1 EP93908825A EP93908825A EP0640243B1 EP 0640243 B1 EP0640243 B1 EP 0640243B1 EP 93908825 A EP93908825 A EP 93908825A EP 93908825 A EP93908825 A EP 93908825A EP 0640243 B1 EP0640243 B1 EP 0640243B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
coil
armature
relay according
spring
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93908825A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0640243A1 (fr
Inventor
Helmut Schedele
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0640243A1 publication Critical patent/EP0640243A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0640243B1 publication Critical patent/EP0640243B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
    • H01H51/22—Polarised relays
    • H01H51/2272—Polarised relays comprising rockable armature, rocking movement around central axis parallel to the main plane of the armature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/02—Bases; Casings; Covers
    • H01H50/026—Details concerning isolation between driving and switching circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/64—Driving arrangements between movable part of magnetic circuit and contact
    • H01H50/641—Driving arrangements between movable part of magnetic circuit and contact intermediate part performing a rectilinear movement

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a polarized electromagnetic relay with a coil, an elongated permanent magnet arranged above the coil parallel to the coil axis, which has end poles of the same name at both ends and a central pole of the same name in the middle, with a core arranged inside the coil, which is coupled at both ends via yoke legs to the two ends of the permanent magnet and with an elongated rocker armature, which is mounted above the central pole of the permanent magnet and forms a working air gap with both yoke legs.
  • Such a relay with a three-pole magnet and a rocker armature mounted above these magnets is known, for example, from EP-A-0 197 391.
  • the contact system is also arranged above the coil in the area of the armature, the contact springs arranged on both sides of the armature being connected directly to the armature and executing their switching movements directly with the armature.
  • a relay for switching larger powers in which a housing is divided into a coil space for receiving an electromagnetic system and a switching space for receiving a contact arrangement.
  • An armature which carries a permanent magnet, is arranged on the front side in front of the coil and engages in the contact space with a firmly molded actuating arm.
  • the object of the present invention is to utilize the advantages of the polarized system described at the outset, namely the high sensitivity with selectively adjustable monostable or bistable switching characteristics and the low sensitivity of the centrally positioned armature to vibrations for switching higher currents and voltages.
  • this object is achieved in a relay of the type mentioned at the outset in that the armature is supported by a bearing spring which is fastened directly to its central section and can be latched to the permanent magnet on both sides, below.
  • the coil is a contact set with at least one approximately parallel to the coil axis arranged contact spring and at least one fixed contact element and that in front of an end face of the coil is arranged a movable slide perpendicular to the coil axis made of insulating material, on the one hand with a movable end of the armature and on the other hand with a movable end of the contact spring is coupled.
  • the contact elements on the underside of the relay are already arranged near the connection side, so that short connection elements do not generate excessive heat loss even when carrying high currents. Because the armature with the iron parts of the magnet system is opposite to the Contact elements located on the top of the coil, there is already a large insulating distance between the contact system and the magnet system due to the spatial distance. The coil and the entire magnet system can also be shielded from the contact system by appropriate design of a base body with the creation of long insulating distances.
  • Such a base body in which, for example, the contact set with connection elements led out to the underside is arranged, preferably forms a partition between the contact set and the coil, on which side walls formed on the bottom surround the contact set and / or side walls formed on the top, surround the magnet system in a U-shaped or trough-shaped manner.
  • This partition can additionally have a laterally open slot into which an insulating plate is inserted. In this way, three superposed insulating material walls between the contact set and the coil are obtained, which ensures the dielectric strength required for certain applications.
  • the insulating material slide arranged on one end of the coil, which creates a connection between the armature and the contact system, can create labyrinth-like insulating paths by corresponding overlaps with the base body.
  • the slide expediently has recesses into which deformable ends of the contact spring on the one hand and the armature on the other hand engage.
  • the relay shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 has a base body 1 with a central partition 3 arranged parallel to the bottom side, on which upwardly formed side walls 4 and 5 and 6 and 7 form a trough-shaped receptacle for a magnet system 2 which can be inserted from above.
  • the partition wall 3 together with a parallel bottom wall 8 and an extension of the side wall 4, encloses an approximately U-shaped contact space 9, which is open to the right in FIG. 1.
  • the magnet system 2 has a tubular coil body 11 with end flanges 12 and 13, between which a winding 14 is arranged.
  • a core yoke 15 or 16 with a core leg 15a or 16a is inserted into the tubular opening of the coil body 11 from both sides, so that the two yoke legs 15b and 16b bent at right angles are parallel and upward.
  • a rod-shaped, three-pole magnetized permanent magnet 17 is arranged above the coil and parallel to the coil axis.
  • poles of the same name e.g. E. S
  • z. B. N has.
  • the permanent magnet is made of an AlNiCo alloy, for example, and in this case can simply be cut from a tape.
  • the magnet can be attached to the coil body by thermoplastic deformation of the coil flanges.
  • the core yokes 15 and 16 are also fixed in a suitable manner on the coil former.
  • An armature 18 designed as a rocker is mounted on the central pole N of the permanent magnet 17.
  • This anchor is slightly bent in a V-shape towards the permanent magnet in its central region, so that the ends 18a and 18b each form an air gap with the corresponding yoke leg 15b or 16b.
  • a bearing spring 19, preferably made of ferromagnetic material, is used to mount the armature, which is fastened to the underside of the armature with rivets 20 and is fastened by latching in corresponding recesses in the permanent magnet 17 with laterally bent latching tabs 21.
  • the bearing spring 19 forms a torsion band bearing for the armature.
  • This arrangement and shape of the bearing spring ensures that the armature is mounted without friction and that at the same time there is a good flow transition from the permanent magnet 17 to the armature 18. From above, the anchor is also held or secured in the bearing by a rib 22 formed on the cap 10. Since the armature is supported in its center of gravity, it is largely insensitive to vibrations in its switching state.
  • the armature movement is transmitted via a slide 23 to a contact spring set to be described, this slide being arranged between the side wall 5 of the base body and a side wall of the cap 10 and being movable perpendicular to the connection plane or to the coil axis.
  • This arrangement of the insulating slide between insulating walls results in long, labyrinthine creepage and air gaps between the metal parts of the magnet system and the contact spring set.
  • the coupling between armature 18 and slide 23 takes place through (two) extensions 24 of the armature end 18b, which engage in corresponding recesses 25 of the slide.
  • There is also a divider for securing 26 each provided with a retaining tab 26a, which according to FIG.
  • FIG. 6 Another possibility of coupling is shown in the detailed illustration of FIG. 6.
  • a hook-shaped extension 27 is formed on the armature end 18b, which is hooked into a correspondingly designed recess 28 of the slide 23.
  • Other embodiments of this coupling are also conceivable.
  • the contact spring set arranged in the contact space 9 below the coil has a contact spring 30 which is fastened to a spring support 29 and is split open at its free end into two spring legs 31 and 32.
  • a fixed NO contact element 33 is arranged above the contact spring 30.
  • a movable main contact piece 34 fastened on the spring leg 31 forms a main contact with an opposite fixed main contact piece 35 of the contact element 33, the contact pieces of which are made of noble metal.
  • a forward contact is formed with a movable forward contact piece 36 on the spring leg 32 and an opposite fixed forward contact piece 37 on the contact element 33, the contact pieces of which are made of tungsten or a comparable metal in a known manner.
  • the contact spring support 29 and the fixed NO contact element 33 are inserted from different sides into the base body 1, which is U-shaped in the lower part, namely the spring support 29 from one side, in FIG. 2 from the left, and the NO contact element 33 in FIG. 2 from the right.
  • the attachment is done by pressing into the corresponding slots.
  • the magnet system 2 is pressed from the top between the side walls 4, 5, 6 and 7 during assembly and additionally fixed by gluing. Subsequent adjustment is therefore not necessary.
  • an insulating film 39 is inserted into a longitudinal body slot 40 at the point where the distance between the magnet system and the contact area is less than 2 mm. This measure creates the three insulating walls required by VDE regulations.
  • the spring support 29 is made of a non-magnetic, electrically highly conductive material, for example a copper alloy. Since the pin 29a of the spring carrier is in Figure 1 near the right edge of the body, while the attachment point of the contact spring is close to the left edge, the spring carrier extends almost the entire length of the relay. In this way, the current path of the spring carrier is deliberately designed to be so long between the connecting pin and the spring fastening that opposite current directions in the spring carrier on the one hand and in the contact spring on the other hand can generate electrodynamic forces which increase the make contact force. This should generate very high contact forces in the event of a short circuit that reduce the contact resistance and thus reduce the risk of welding.
  • the increase in contact force due to the above-mentioned opposite current directions between the spring support and the spring may not be sufficient if the relay has a longer service life, because the distance between the spring support 29 and the contact spring 30 increases over time because of the contact erosion on the contact pieces. Due to this increasing erosion, the contact forces exerted by the magnet system on the slide on the contact spring are also reduced. Thus, in the event of a short circuit, there may still be a risk of a malfunction if the relay has carried out a large number of switching cycles.
  • the normally open contact element consists of ferromagnetic material; in addition, it is cranked in its central part 33a (through which the switching current does not flow), so that it is as close as possible to the contact spring 30 in this area.
  • a short-circuit current flowing in the middle spring generates a magnetic field which the ferromagnetic NO contact element would like to attract.
  • the contact spring, together with its contact piece 34 is attracted to the fixed normally open contact element 33.
  • this additional type of contact force amplification has the very special advantage that the force of attraction and thus also the contact force increase with increasing contact erosion.
  • the two different types of contact force amplification add up, namely on the one hand the repulsion of the contact spring from its current-carrying spring support 29 and on the other hand the attraction to the ferromagnetic normally open contact element 33 Effect so that the relay remains fully functional even during a short circuit during its entire service life.
  • the high short-circuit contact forces that occur prevent the contacts from welding due to the resulting low contact resistance.
  • the ferromagnetic normally open contact element 33 also has the advantage that it attracts the arc which arises when the tungsten lead contact 36, 37 is switched on and off. As a result, the main contact 34, 35, which is made of silver, for example, is less contaminated by the tungsten evaporation.
  • the electrical conductivity of tungsten is namely 3.5 times lower than that of silver with the same contact force.
  • the lower conductivity of the make contact element 33 is taken into account by two parallel connecting pins 33b.
  • a particular advantage of the combination according to the invention of the polarized rocker armature magnet system with the contact set described above is also that the contact is closed with a movement of the armature arm 18b upwards.
  • the shorter NO contact element can be arranged above the longer spring support 29, between the contact spring 30 and the coil 14. This results in a particularly favorable use of space beneath the coil body, which also enables a particularly compact design of the relay.
  • the relay would also be conceivable for the relay to be modified in such a way that a further mating contact element would additionally be arranged below the contact spring in order to form a changeover contact.
  • the spring support 29 would then have to be shaped differently.
  • FIGS. 8 to 10 A further embodiment of a relay designed according to the invention is shown in FIGS. 8 to 10. Insofar as individual parts of this exemplary embodiment are not described in detail, they are the same or similar to the previous exemplary embodiment.
  • the relay according to FIGS. 8 to 10 has a base body 41, which is essentially trough-shaped at the top and U-shaped in the lower part, similar to the base body 1.
  • a magnet system 42 is inserted into the upper part of the base body, which has a coil body 43 with a winding 44 and two L-shaped core yokes 45 and 46.
  • the core yokes are graduated in such a way that they lie one above the other in the central area and thus have larger contact areas in the overlap area. In this case, however, they cannot be identical.
  • a three-pole magnet 47 lying on the coil is made thicker in the area of its central pole and bevelled towards the two end poles; so that the armature 48, which is mounted over the center pole and is designed as a flat plate, can optionally perform a rocking movement toward one of the two core yokes.
  • the armature 48 is encapsulated in its central region with a plastic ring 49, which forms a bearing pin 50 on each side of the armature.
  • the armature is rotatably supported on both sides in bearing bores 51 of the base body via these bearing pins 50.
  • An actuating finger 52 is formed on the right end of the armature, which is coupled to a slide 53 and, as in the previous case, moves it on the end face in front of the coil and perpendicular to its axis.
  • a contact spring 54 is actuated via the slide 53 and is fastened in the base body via a spring support 55.
  • a contact piece 56 of the contact spring interacts with a contact piece of a normally open contact element 58, which is also anchored in plug-in grooves in the base body.
  • a base plate 59 forms, together with a cap 60, a housing which surrounds the relay on all sides.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
  • Relay Circuits (AREA)
  • Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Relais électromagnétique polarisé, comprenant une bobine (11, 14; 43, 44), un aimant permanent (17; 47) de forme allongée disposé au-dessus de la bobine, parallèlement à l'axe de bobine, lequel comporte à ses deux extrémités des pôles d'extrémité de même nom et en son milieu un pôle central associé de nom contraire, un noyau (15, 16; 45, 46) disposé à l'intérieur de la bobine, qui est relié par ses deux extrémités, par l'intermédiaire de branches de culasse (15b, 16b; 45b, 46b), aux deux extrémités de l'aimant permanent et comprenant une armature à bascule (18; 48) de forme allongée, qui est logée au-dessus du pôle central de l'aimant permanent et qui forme avec les deux branches de culasse (15b, 16b; 45b, 46b) respectivement un entrefer de travail, caractérisé en ce que l'armature (18) est logée par l'intermédiaire d'un ressort d'appui (19) fixé directement à sa partie centrale et enclenchable de part et d'autre dans l'aimant permanent (17), en ce qu'un jeu de contacts avec au moins une lame de contact (30; 54) placée sensiblement parallèlement à l'axe de bobine et au moins un élément de contact (33; 58) fixe est disposé au-dessous de la bobine (11, 14; 43, 44) et en ce qu'une coulisse (23; 53) en matière isolante déplaçable verticalement par rapport à l'axe de bobine est disposée devant une face de la bobine (11, 14; 43, 44), laquelle coulisse est reliée d'une part à une extrémité mobile de l'armature et d'autre part à une extrémité mobile de la lame de contact.
  2. Relais selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le jeu de contacts est disposé dans un corps de base (1; 41) en matière isolante comportant des éléments de raccordement sortant à la face inférieure, lequel corps de base la protège contre le système magnétique par un blindage du type boîte ou labyrinthe.
  3. Relais selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le corps de base (1; 41) forme une paroi de séparation (3) entre le jeu de contacts et la bobine, où des parois latérales (4, 5, 6, 7) formées de manière solidaire avec elle vers le haut entourent le système magnétique et/ou des parois latérales formées de manière solidaire avec elle vers le bas entourent le jeu de contacts.
  4. Relais selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que la paroi de séparation (3) comporte une fente (40) dans laquelle est insérée par un côté une plaque isolante (39).
  5. Relais selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le corps de base possède des parois latérales tirées vers le haut à la manière d'une cuvette, entre lesquelles le système magnétique (2) peut être inséré sur mesure et bloqué en position ajustée.
  6. Relais selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que la coulisse (23; 53) comporte à chaque fois des creux (25; 38), dans lesquels s'engrènent d'une part des sections finales déformables de la lame de contact (30) et d'autre part un prolongement de l'armature (18; 48).
  7. Relais selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que l'armature (48) essentiellement droite est logée au-dessus d'un pôle central de l'aimant permanent (47), qui est surélevé par rapport aux pôles d'extrémité.
  8. Relais selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que l'aimant permanent (17) a essentiellement la forme d'une barre droite et en ce que l'armature (18), à ses extrémités, est légèrement détournée des pôles d'extrémité de l'aimant permanent.
  9. Relais selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que la lame de contact (30; 54) est insérée avec un support (29; 55) rigide par un côté dans une rainure de retenue du corps de base et un élément de contact de fermeture (33) fixe par le côté opposé dans des rainures de fixation du corps de base (1).
  10. Relais selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que le point de raccordement entre la lame de contact (30) et son support (29) est opposé au point de contact et en ce que la lame de contact et le support s'étendent sur une partie considérable de leur longueur de manière approximativement parallèle et à faible distance.
  11. Relais selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de contact de fermeture (33) comporte une section ferromagnétique allongée (33a), qui, faisant face à la lame de contact (30), s'étend sur une partie considérable de manière parallèle à la lame de contact.
  12. Relais selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce que la lame de contact (30) est fendue, une première branche de lame (31) formant avec l'élément de contact de fermeture (33) un contact principal (34, 35) en métal précieux et une deuxième branche de lame (32) formant avec l'élément de contact de fermeture (33) un contact à action préalable (36, 37) en matière à haut point de fusion.
  13. Relais selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 12, caractérisé en ce que le noyau se compose de deux pièces (15, 16) identiques en forme de L.
EP93908825A 1992-05-15 1993-05-03 Relais de puissance polarise Expired - Lifetime EP0640243B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4216076 1992-05-15
DE4216076 1992-05-15
PCT/DE1993/000383 WO1993023866A1 (fr) 1992-05-15 1993-05-03 Relais de puissance polarise

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0640243A1 EP0640243A1 (fr) 1995-03-01
EP0640243B1 true EP0640243B1 (fr) 1996-08-28

Family

ID=6458954

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93908825A Expired - Lifetime EP0640243B1 (fr) 1992-05-15 1993-05-03 Relais de puissance polarise

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US5515019A (fr)
EP (1) EP0640243B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH07506696A (fr)
AT (1) ATE142046T1 (fr)
CZ (1) CZ281297B6 (fr)
DE (1) DE59303588D1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1993023866A1 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19705508C1 (de) * 1997-02-13 1998-08-20 Siemens Ag Elektromagnetisches Relais

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ATE146302T1 (de) * 1993-03-24 1996-12-15 Siemens Ag Polarisiertes elektromagnetisches relais
GB9317260D0 (en) * 1993-08-19 1993-10-06 Blp Components Ltd Solenoid operated switching devices
DE19532762A1 (de) * 1995-09-05 1997-03-06 Siemens Ag Elektromagnetisches Laststromrelais und Anordnung eines derartigen Relais auf einer Leiterplatte
DE19606884C1 (de) * 1996-02-23 1997-04-30 Schrack Components Ag Elektromagnetisches Relais
WO2000005736A1 (fr) * 1998-07-22 2000-02-03 Siemens Electromechanical Components Gmbh & Co. Kg Relais electromagnetique polarise
US6426689B1 (en) * 1999-10-26 2002-07-30 Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd. Electromagnetic relay
DE10316509B3 (de) * 2003-04-09 2005-02-03 Song Chuan Europe Gmbh Elektromagnetisches Relais
JP4329598B2 (ja) * 2004-03-31 2009-09-09 オムロン株式会社 電磁継電器
US7616082B2 (en) * 2004-07-14 2009-11-10 Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd. Electromagnetic relay
JP2008053152A (ja) * 2006-08-28 2008-03-06 Omron Corp 静音型電磁継電器
JP5115236B2 (ja) * 2008-02-29 2013-01-09 オムロン株式会社 電磁石装置
US8130064B2 (en) * 2008-08-01 2012-03-06 Tyco Electronics Corporation Switching device
CN102074419B (zh) * 2010-10-20 2012-10-24 厦门宏美电子有限公司 一种用于调整继电器动簧反力的动簧片及其反力调整方法
JP5821030B2 (ja) * 2011-07-27 2015-11-24 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 電磁リレー
CN103295847B (zh) * 2012-03-01 2016-12-07 德昌电机(深圳)有限公司 驱动装置及具有该驱动装置的继电器
DE102012006436B4 (de) 2012-03-30 2020-01-30 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Gepoltes elektromagnetisches Relais und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
DE102012006433B4 (de) 2012-03-30 2014-01-02 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Relais mit verbesserten Isolationseigenschaften
DE102012006438A1 (de) 2012-03-30 2013-10-02 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Relais mit zwei gegensinnig betätigbaren Schaltern
GB201402560D0 (en) * 2014-02-13 2014-04-02 Johnson Electric Sa Improvements in or relating to electrical contactors
JP5835510B1 (ja) * 2014-11-10 2015-12-24 オムロン株式会社 リレー
JP7124758B2 (ja) * 2019-02-20 2022-08-24 オムロン株式会社 リレー
CN113906534B (zh) * 2020-03-06 2024-04-02 沈阳铁路信号有限责任公司 一种增强释放位置保持力的铁路信号继电器

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19705508C1 (de) * 1997-02-13 1998-08-20 Siemens Ag Elektromagnetisches Relais

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1993023866A1 (fr) 1993-11-25
US5515019A (en) 1996-05-07
CZ281297B6 (cs) 1996-08-14
CZ271694A3 (en) 1995-02-15
ATE142046T1 (de) 1996-09-15
DE59303588D1 (de) 1996-10-02
JPH07506696A (ja) 1995-07-20
EP0640243A1 (fr) 1995-03-01

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