EP0630992B1 - Procédé pour nettoyer des pièces métalliques - Google Patents

Procédé pour nettoyer des pièces métalliques Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0630992B1
EP0630992B1 EP94107093A EP94107093A EP0630992B1 EP 0630992 B1 EP0630992 B1 EP 0630992B1 EP 94107093 A EP94107093 A EP 94107093A EP 94107093 A EP94107093 A EP 94107093A EP 0630992 B1 EP0630992 B1 EP 0630992B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tank
liquid
washing tank
workpieces
vacuum
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP94107093A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0630992A1 (fr
Inventor
Wilhelm Neubauer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Aichelin Industrieofenbau GmbH
Original Assignee
Aichelin Industrieofenbau GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Aichelin Industrieofenbau GmbH filed Critical Aichelin Industrieofenbau GmbH
Publication of EP0630992A1 publication Critical patent/EP0630992A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0630992B1 publication Critical patent/EP0630992B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
    • C23G5/00—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents
    • C23G5/02—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents using organic solvents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B3/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
    • B08B3/04—Cleaning involving contact with liquid
    • B08B3/08—Cleaning involving contact with liquid the liquid having chemical or dissolving effect

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for cleaning metallic workpieces with a liquid for a heat treatment following cleaning.
  • the air space remaining in the wash tank above the liquid is evacuated, to an underpressure which is below the saturation vapor pressure of the liquid. In this way it can be achieved that the immersion bath boils at a temperature well below 100 ° C and the workpieces are treated by rising steam bubbles.
  • a wash tank is provided, which is connected on the one hand to a vacuum pump and on the other hand via a pipeline provided with valves to a tank which contains a cleaning liquid.
  • the tank is at about the same height as the wash tank.
  • the vacuum pump is then switched off.
  • the trichlorethylene in the tank is simultaneously heated to about 100 ° C by means of a heating device.
  • the trichlorethylene is suddenly evaporated and the steam flows through the pipeline into the wash tank. A small amount of the liquid solvent can also get into the wash tank.
  • a device for removing flux residues on printed circuit boards is known from US Pat. No. 5,045,117.
  • the known device comprises a pressure-tight treatment chamber which is connected on the one hand to a vacuum pump and on the other hand to a solvent storage tank. If the valves in the supply lines to the treatment chamber are otherwise closed, the vacuum pump is switched on and a negative pressure is generated in the treatment chamber. Then there will be a valve in a connecting line between the treatment chamber and the solvent storage tank opened, so that the solvent flows into the treatment chamber on the one hand under gravity, but on the other hand supported by the negative pressure in the treatment chamber. The solvent is then circulated in the treatment chamber via a circulation system, so that the printed circuit boards are treated in this way.
  • a similar device is also known from EP-A1-0 381 887.
  • a solvent reservoir above a treatment chamber which can be evacuated by means of a vacuum pump, so that when the valve in the connecting line between the treatment chamber and the solvent storage tank is open, the solvent on the one hand under the influence of gravity, but on the other hand under the effect of the vacuum in flows into the treatment chamber.
  • the workpieces are cleaned using ultrasound in the solvent.
  • a device for degreasing workpieces is known from GB-A-1 135 181.
  • a pressure-tightly closable treatment chamber is also provided there, which is connected to a vacuum pump.
  • a solvent reservoir located below the treatment chamber is connected via a line to a shower device which is located in the cover of the treatment chamber.
  • the treatment chamber is rinsed by means of the vacuum pump, at the same time the solvent in the storage container is brought to a boil by means of a heating device.
  • a plug cleaning device is known from DE-OS 30 09 313.
  • the plug cleaning device comprises a cylindrical treatment chamber which can be closed in a vacuum-tight manner.
  • a vacuum can be generated in the treatment chamber by means of a vacuum pump.
  • a detergent can be supplied by means of a pump via a line connected to the bottom of the treatment chamber.
  • the chamber is first evacuated and then a plug supply hose is connected in order to pull the plugs into the chamber by means of the negative pressure generated in the chamber.
  • the vacuum valve leading to the vacuum pump is now closed.
  • the chamber is then filled with the detergent via the pump. After various cleaning and rinsing steps have been completed, the cleaned stoppers can be unloaded by tilting and tipping the chamber or by suction.
  • a drying device in cleaning systems is known from DE-GM 90 13 241.
  • the known device comprises a wash container which can be closed in a vacuum-tight manner and, after the washing and rinsing processes have been completed, can be abruptly connected to a vacuum accumulator for subsequent drying.
  • a device for cleaning workpieces is known from DE-GM 92 17 047.
  • This device also has a cleaning container which can be closed in a vacuum-tight manner.
  • a vacuum line is connected to the container above the bath level in the cleaning tank and inflow openings are also provided below the bath level for the inflow of a gaseous medium.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of developing a method and a device of the type mentioned at the outset such that simplification of the apparatus and thus a reduction in costs is possible.
  • the invention makes an elegant use of the fact that a vacuum pump can in any case generate a considerable negative pressure in the wash tank. Then, in the case of an evacuated, unfilled wash tank, this negative pressure can also be used to suck the treatment liquid into the wash tank. A separate pump for filling the wash tank is therefore saved in such a procedure because the vacuum pump is used in the manner described not only to bring about a boiling of the treatment liquid well below 100 ° C., but also to fill the wash tank.
  • the vacuum pump required can therefore be used for a total of three functions are, namely the suction of the treatment liquid, the generation of the negative pressure for a boiling below 100 ° C and finally for the negative pressure drying.
  • the liquid is sucked in via a connection in the region of a bottom of the wash tank.
  • the line connection opens into the wash tank at the bottom thereof.
  • This measure has the advantage that a further cost saving is possible because a separate shower for filling the treatment liquid is no longer necessary. Rather, the already existing drain of the wash tank is used at the same time as an inflow by switching slides or other valve arrangements with the necessary lines accordingly. A separate shower can be dispensed with in some applications in which an initial cleaning of the workpieces by means of an unpressurized surge or also by means of high-pressure spraying is not necessary.
  • the liquid is sucked in via a surge shower, which is arranged above the workpieces in the wash tank.
  • the line connection in the wash tank opens into a surge shower, which is arranged above the workpieces.
  • This measure has the advantage that, for numerous applications, the workpieces can be pre-cleaned with a surge shower, as is known per se from DE-PS 41 38 400 already mentioned at the beginning.
  • air is drawn off from the wash tank in order to generate the negative pressure and is passed over a coding device.
  • a vacuum line is connected to the wash tank for this purpose, which is connected to a vacuum pump via a condensing device.
  • This measure has the advantage that it is possible to recover treatment liquid which is contained in the vaporized state in the extracted air.
  • the condensate can therefore be separated from the extracted air in the condensing device and then fed to the tank.
  • a condensate collecting container of the condensing device can be connected to the tank in the device according to the invention.
  • This measure has the advantage that the treatment liquid is retained in a closed circuit and does not thicken due to the constant removal of steam.
  • the tank is aerated with the air emerging from the condenser when the liquid is sucked into the wash tank.
  • a ventilation line of the tank is connected to the outlet of the vacuum pump in the device described.
  • This measure has the advantage that the air above the liquid in the tank is always kept moist, by means of vapor of the liquid itself, so that no excessive evaporation of the liquid can occur in the tank either.
  • the single figure shows an extremely schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a described device, as can also be used to explain the method according to the invention.
  • 10 indicates a device for cleaning metallic workpieces.
  • the device described is not limited to the use of cleaning metallic workpieces. Rather, the invention can also be used in numerous other applications in which workpieces are treated with a liquid.
  • the device 10 comprises a wash tank 11, which in the exemplary embodiment shown is of a horizontal design.
  • a door 14 is arranged on the side in the horizontal construction of the wash tank 11, so that the workpieces 13 can be loaded and unloaded through the door 14, as indicated by a double arrow 15.
  • a bottom 16 of the wash tank 11 is slightly inclined and merges at its lowest point into a schematically indicated trough 17 in order to facilitate the emptying of the wash tank 11.
  • a hollow body 20 which is connected to a blower 23 via a pressure line 21 and a valve 22.
  • the hollow body 20 is provided with numerous small bores.
  • blowing in of air is known per se and is referred to in the technical field with the term "flotation".
  • a line 28 is connected to the wash tank 11 via a connection 27 in the trough 17.
  • a valve 29 is switched on in line 28.
  • a surge shower 30 which is connected to a line 31.
  • a valve 32 is connected in line 31.
  • the lines 28 and 31 meet in a common line 33.
  • the common line 33 is guided up to the vicinity of a bottom 39 of a tank 40 in which a treatment liquid 41 is located.
  • an overflow 45 is also provided at a medium height, which is connected to a line 46.
  • a valve 47 is switched on in line 46.
  • Line 46 also leads to tank 40.
  • the wash tank 11 is designed in the form of a hood 50 on its upper side.
  • a line 51 opens into the hood 50.
  • the line 51 is connected to a condensing device 52, specifically to a condenser 53, which in turn is connected to a collecting container 54 for the condensate.
  • a line 58 also leads from the collecting container 54 via a valve 59 to the tank 40.
  • a line 63 leads from the condenser 53 to a branching point, from which a line 64 is connected to a suction inlet of a vacuum pump 65.
  • the pressure outlet the vacuum pump 65 is connected to a line 67 via a line 66.
  • the line 67 leads on the one hand via a check valve 68 and a line 69 to the tank 40 and on the other hand to an exhaust 73.
  • the operation of the device 10 is as follows:
  • the washing tank 11 is first loaded with workpieces 13 via the door 14.
  • the door 14 is then closed in a pressure-tight manner.
  • the remotely controllable valves which are usually designed as solenoid valves, are now operated by means of an electronic control, not shown.
  • valve 29 is opened.
  • valve 32 arranged in the line 31 shown in broken lines can also be opened.
  • the vacuum pump 65 If the vacuum pump 65 is now switched on, it sucks in air from the interior of the wash tank 11. This is done via line 51, condenser 53 and lines 63 and 64. As far as liquid residues are still in vapor form in the sucked-in air, they are separated in condenser 53 and transferred to collecting container 54. At the end of the filling process or after the negative pressure boiling and atmospheric pressure equalization, the condensate will be returned to the tank 40 via the line 58 and the valve 59.
  • the outlet air of the vacuum pump 65 reaches the exhaust pipe 73 via lines 66 and 67. Saturated air is thus present at the point where line 66 merges into line 67 and thus at the entrance to check valve 68.
  • liquid 41 is now sucked out of the tank 40 when the valve 29 is open.
  • the liquid flows through the line 33, the line 28 and the valve 29 to the connection 27 and flows there into the wash tank 11 in the region of the trough 17. If the vacuum in the wash tank 11 is continuously present, more and more liquid 41 is sucked into the wash tank 11 until a predetermined liquid level is reached.
  • the filling process is terminated by a sensor (not shown) by switching off the vacuum pump 65 and simultaneously blocking the valve 29.
  • the filling process can alternatively or additionally also be carried out via the valve 32, the line 31 and the surge shower 30. Then the liquid 41 is sucked into the wash tank 11 via the surge shower 30, the liquid 41 emerging from the surge shower 30 in the form of a non-pressurized surge (arrows 34) and flushing the workpieces 13 when the wash tank 11 is filled.
  • wash tank 11 It is preferred to fill the wash tank 11 up to a level above the overflow 45.
  • valves 29, 32 and 47 are now closed and valves 22, 59 and 71 are opened.
  • the vacuum pump 65 switched off, the blower 23 is now switched on.
  • the blower 23 generates a gas pressure in the hollow body 20, so that air bubbles rise from below in the wash tank 11 in the liquid 41 and wash around the workpieces 13.
  • the air blown into the wash tank 11 is discharged via the line 51.
  • the air passes through condenser 53, line 63, line 70 and open valve 71 to exhaust 73.
  • separated condensate is collected via tank 54, line 58 and valve 59 to tank 40 promoted back.
  • the fan 23 is switched off and all valves are initially closed.
  • the overflow 45 is now activated so that the liquid level in the wash tank 11 drops until it reaches the level of the overflow 45. In this way, the fat and oil components floating on the surface of the liquid 41 can be adjusted by means of the overflow 45.
  • the liquid level is expediently just below the overflow 45 set. This can be accomplished, for example, by briefly opening valve 29.
  • the vacuum pump 65 generates a negative pressure in the air space above the liquid 41 in the wash tank 11, which is set so that the liquid 41 already boils at a temperature of, for example, 70.degree. This “negative pressure boiling” leads to a cleaning of the workpieces 13 due to the rising steam bubbles. Also in this process step, the condensate is separated from the extracted steam in the manner already described several times and is returned to the tank 40 after the atmospheric pressure equalization has been reached.
  • valves 29 and 59 are opened and all other valves are closed. In this way, the liquid 41 flows out of the wash tank 11 via the connection 27, the valve 29 and the lines 28 and 33 back into the tank 40.
  • the air displaced in the tank 40 is conducted into the interior of the wash tank 11 via the valve 59, the line 58, the condenser 52 and the line 51. In this way, there is a perfect balance of liquid 41 and air between wash tank 11 and tank 40.

Claims (6)

  1. Procédé pour nettoyer des pièces métalliques (13) avec un liquide (41) en vue d'un traitement thermique à effectuer après ce nettoyage, ledit procédé comportant les étapes suivantes :
    a) l'introduction des pièces (13) dans une cuve de lavage (11) ;
    b) le verrouillage étanche à l'air de la cuve de lavage (11) ;
    c) la mise en communication par des conduites (27, 28, 29, 33 ; 30, 31, 32) avec un réservoir (40) contenant le liquide (41), situé plus bas que la cuve de lavage (11) ;
    d) l'obtention et le réglage d'une première valeur de vide partiel au moyen d'une pompe à vide (65), la liaison par conduites étant ouverte de telle sorte que le liquide (41) soit aspiré vers le haut à l'intérieur de la cuve de lavage (11) jusqu'à atteindre un niveau de liquide prédéfini, les conduites (27, 28, 29, 33 ; 30, 31, 32) mettant directement en communication la cuve de lavage (11) et le réservoir (40) ;
    e) la fermeture de la liaison par conduites (27, 28, 29, 33 ; 30, 31, 32) ;
    f) l'obtention et le réglage d'une deuxième valeur de vide partiel, au moyen de la pompe à vide (65), de telle sorte qu'à l'intérieur de la cuve de lavage (11), le liquide (41) se vaporise à une température inférieure à la température normale d'ébullition à la pression atmosphérique ;
    g) l'ouverture de la liaison par conduites (27, 28, 29, 33), de telle sorte que le liquide (41) retourne au réservoir (40) par gravité ;
    h) la fermeture de la liaison par conduites (27, 28, 29, 33) ; et
    i) l'obtention et le réglage, d'une troisième valeur de vide partiel, au moyen de la pompe à vide (65), de telle sorte que les pièces (13) soient séchées sous vide.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le liquide (41) est aspiré par un raccordement (27) prévu au niveau du fond (16) de la cuve de lavage (11).
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le liquide (41) est aspiré par un système d'aspersion (31) qui est disposé au-dessus des pièces (13) dans la cuve de lavage (11).
  4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que pour créer le vide partiel, l'air de la cuve de lavage (11) est aspiré et envoyé dans une installation de condensation (52).
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que, dans l'installation de condensation (52), les condensats sont séparés de l'air aspiré, et les condensats renvoyés au réservoir (40).
  6. Procédé selon l'une ou l'autre des revendications 4 et 5, caractérisé en ce que le réservoir (40), lors de l'aspiration du liquide (41) du réservoir (40) dans la cuve de lavage (11), est aéré par l'air sortant de l'installation de condensation (52).
EP94107093A 1993-05-28 1994-05-06 Procédé pour nettoyer des pièces métalliques Expired - Lifetime EP0630992B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4317862A DE4317862A1 (de) 1993-05-28 1993-05-28 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Reinigen von metallischen Werkstücken
DE4317862 1993-05-28

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0630992A1 EP0630992A1 (fr) 1994-12-28
EP0630992B1 true EP0630992B1 (fr) 1997-03-26

Family

ID=6489181

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94107093A Expired - Lifetime EP0630992B1 (fr) 1993-05-28 1994-05-06 Procédé pour nettoyer des pièces métalliques

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US5524652A (fr)
EP (1) EP0630992B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH07278859A (fr)
AT (1) ATE150804T1 (fr)
CZ (1) CZ281080B6 (fr)
DE (2) DE4317862A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2102724T3 (fr)

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AT108U1 (de) * 1994-04-19 1995-02-27 Duerr Gmbh Duerr Gmbh Anlage zur reinigung von werkstuecken mittels einer organischen reinigungsfluessigkeit
KR970053126A (ko) * 1995-12-30 1997-07-29 김광호 물반점 방지를 위한 반도체 장치의 세정 방법 및 장치
DE19714603C1 (de) * 1997-04-09 1998-10-29 Schwarz Ernst Mafac Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Reinigung von Werkstücken
US6216710B1 (en) 1999-02-05 2001-04-17 Caterpillar Inc. Method and apparatus for removing quench oil from a permeable metal part
DE10038154A1 (de) * 2000-08-04 2002-03-07 Bernd Schlaich Systemlösung zur abwasserfreien Farbreinigung nach chemischem Verfahren
TWI252297B (en) * 2001-12-27 2006-04-01 Jeng-Ming Jou Multi-functional closed type cleaning and vacuum drying method
SG115473A1 (en) * 2002-05-08 2005-10-28 Cheng Ming Chou Method and apparatus for performing multiple cleaning and vacuum drying operations in enclosed vessels
NL1020680C2 (nl) * 2002-05-27 2003-12-08 Archeologisch Diensten Ct Jws Zeefinrichting en werkwijze voor het zeven van grond.
JP4129484B2 (ja) * 2002-10-07 2008-08-06 株式会社スター・クラスター 超音波洗浄装置及び超音波洗浄方法
GB2478745A (en) * 2010-03-16 2011-09-21 Psi Innovation Ltd A parts washer

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2102724T3 (es) 1997-08-01
EP0630992A1 (fr) 1994-12-28
US5524652A (en) 1996-06-11
JPH07278859A (ja) 1995-10-24
CZ125794A3 (en) 1994-12-15
ATE150804T1 (de) 1997-04-15
CZ281080B6 (cs) 1996-06-12
DE4317862A1 (de) 1994-12-01
DE59402199D1 (de) 1997-04-30

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