EP0629744A2 - Method and arrangement for the subgrade-rehabilitation of a ballast for a track - Google Patents

Abstract

For the subgrade-rehabilitation of a ballast bed (10) of a track (9), old ballast (6) of the ballast bed is continuously removed to clear a track formation (51), formation fine gravel (51) is released onto the cleared track formation and compacted to form a formation-protecting layer (43). Some of the old ballast (6) of the ballast bed is broken up in a stone crusher device (3) and released onto the cleared track formation (51) to form the formation-protecting layer (43). <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a method for the subsurface rehabilitation of a ballast bed of a track, whereby old ballast of the ballast bed is continuously removed while uncovering a subgrade, submerged gravel sand is thrown onto the exposed subterranean soil and compacted to form a submerged protective layer, and a system for carrying out the method.

US Pat. No. 4,479,439 already discloses a system for the refurbishment of the track substructure, this refurbishment being achieved by producing a level protection layer formed from a gravel-sand mixture between the ground level and ballast bed in the course of a continuous work approach. This system has a height-adjustable clearing device and conveyor belts between two rail bogies for picking up and removing the old ballast. In the working direction immediately behind the clearing device is the discharge end of a conveyor belt arrangement formed from a plurality of conveyor belts arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction of the machine for transporting sand forming the formation protection layer. Behind this discharge end for the introduction of the sand is a discharge end of a further conveyor belt arrangement for the introduction of new ballast. With this system, the track is raised approximately in the middle between the rail bogies resting on the track and the dirty ballast underneath is continuously removed. At the same time, the sand is continuously introduced, which is thrown onto the track and falls through the sleeper compartments onto the exposed earth level. Parallel to this, new ballast is continuously dropped and leveled onto the now compacted protective layer.

US Pat. No. 4,357,874 describes a further system for formation rehabilitation which is formed from two track construction vehicles which can be moved independently of one another. Each of these two track construction vehicles equipped with a bridge-shaped machine frame has a height-adjustable crawler track at one end, to which a track carriage is assigned on both sides. To initiate the redevelopment of the subgrade, the first track construction vehicle is used to lift a track yoke covering the gap and to transport it to the subsequent track. After that the contaminated ballast is removed with the help of a clearing device located on the second track construction vehicle. In the subsequent work step, again carried out by the first track construction vehicle, sand and new ballast are introduced into the gap and compacted. Finally, the Gleisjoch is put back on the redeveloped gap. Such a method is suitable for the renovation of short track sections.

According to UIC Code 722 E of January 1, 1990 of the International Union of Railways, page 11, another method for improving the track formation is known. In a first process step, the contaminated ballast is completely removed with the help of a bed cleaning machine. The excavated material is partly deposited on the side or loaded onto suitable silo wagons. In a further process step, the exposed earth planum is smoothed, if necessary a geotextile is laid and the track is placed on the earth planum. A gravel-sand mixture is then unloaded from self-unloading wagons and distributed to the required height using a ballast leveling machine. The next job is carried out with a tamping straightening machine, with which the track grate is raised and the gravel-sand mixture under the sleepers is compacted with enlarged tamping picks. Finally, ballast is unloaded from self-unloading wagons, the track is raised, its tamping and a track position correction.

Finally, from DE 42 37 712 A 1 a further installation for track substructure renovation is known. This system is composed of two track construction vehicles which are separate from one another, with the first vehicle being assigned a clearing device for removing the old ballast and the second vehicle being associated with a track lifting device and a leveling and compacting device.

The object of the present invention is now to create a method described in the introduction with which a simplified and more economical substructure renovation can be carried out in the course of an efficient continuous work approach.

According to the invention, this object is achieved with a method of the type described in the introduction in that at least part of the old ballast of the ballast bed crushed and dropped to form at least part of the formation protection layer on the exposed earth formation.

In the case of such a method, at least part of the old ballast can advantageously be recycled for the production of the formation protection layer in the course of a continuously progressing underground renovation. As a result, both the amount of old ballast to be removed and the amount of sand to be transported to the construction site can be reduced in an advantageous manner. As a result of this advantageous method, the surface refurbishment can be carried out in a simplified manner while the work output remains the same, with reduced transport and material expenditure.

According to an advantageous development of the method, the crushed old ballast can be mixed with sand in a desired ratio to form the formation protection layer, which sand is transported to the conversion site by suitable transport vehicles. If the old ballast is cleaned before it is shredded, any impairment of the level protection layer is reliably excluded.

Especially with a low height of the old ballast bedding, it is advantageous if the old ballast is completely crushed and used to form the formation protection layer, while the earth formation is removed to the desired height with leveling and excess earth and possibly old gravel on the flanks of the Formum crown is deposited. This means that the expensive removal of the old material can be saved entirely.

If, according to a development of the method according to claim 6, undersize is screened out before the old gravel is crushed and thrown onto the exposed earth, this leads to a relief of the stone crusher device. The sieved undersize is particularly suitable as the lower layer of the formation protection layer to be produced.

With a system according to the features of claim 7, crushing of the old ballast directly at the construction site is possible without impairing continuous work progress and without changing the basic concept, which has already proven itself, for carrying out continuous underground renovation. This is via the second conveyor belt arrangement to the conversion gap transportable and there for the production of the formation protection layer can be dropped onto the earth formation.

According to an advantageous development according to claim 8, the old ballast to be shredded is picked up from the ballast bed by a separate clearing device. This makes it possible to use only the upper, less polluted part of the ballast bed for the shredding.

Finally, with the main clearing device proposed in the development according to claim 9, the remaining ballast bed, including the necessary removal of the soil, can be removed and transported to loading wagons. The further training mentioned in claim 10 is particularly suitable for this.

The development according to claim 11 has the advantage that on the one hand the track lifting in connection with the removal of the old ballast by the two clearing devices and on the other hand the shredding process can be carried out without mutual interference and with a minimum of transport routes.

An embodiment of the invention as set forth in claim 12 enables any mixture of crushed old ballast and sand to be used via the common hopper. This mixture forming the formation protection layer can, according to the development according to claim 13, be thrown off, leveled and compressed over the swivel conveyor belt in the entire width of the formation protection layer.

Another development according to claim 14 enables problem-free takeover of sand by loading wagons coupled to the rear end of the machine frame.

With the sieve unit mentioned in the further development according to claim 15, within the framework of a structurally simple solution, it is possible to separate dirt contained in the old ballast before it is crushed and to drop the overburden in a simple manner under the sieve unit onto the exposed remaining old ballast.

Finally, undersize contained in the old ballast can be separated out before comminution by a simple measure according to claim 16, in order to relieve the stone crusher device.

The invention is described below with reference to embodiments shown in the drawing.

• Fig. 1 einen in Arbeitsrichtung vorderen Teil einer Anlage zur Untergrundsanierung der Schotterbettung eines Gleises in Seitenansicht,
• Fig. 2 den hinteren Teil der Anlage gemäß Fig. 1, und
• Fig. 3 bis 6 jeweils ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel einer Anlage zur Untergrundsanierung in Seitenansicht.

Show it:

• 1 is a side view of a front part of a plant for the subsurface renovation of the ballast bed of a track,
• Fig. 2 shows the rear part of the system shown in FIG. 1, and
• 3 to 6 each show another embodiment of a system for underground renovation in a side view.

The plant 1 according to FIGS. 1 and 2 has a front machine frame 2 with a stone crusher device 3 and a rear machine frame 4 with a clearing device 5 for receiving old ballast 6 to be shredded and a main clearing device 7 following in the working direction for receiving the remaining old ballast 6 . Both machine frames 2, 4 can be moved via rail carriages 8 on a track 9 which rests on a ballast bed 10. An energy center 12 is provided for the energy supply of travel drives 11 and the various other drives. For precise observation and control of the clearing devices 5, 7, these work cabins 13, each with a control device 14, are directly upstream.

The stone crusher device 3, which is equipped with a drive 15 for crushing the old ballast 6, has an insertion opening 16 and an outlet opening 17. The insertion opening 16 is assigned a first conveyor belt arrangement 18 for transporting the old ballast 6, while the outlet opening 17 is assigned a receiving end 19 of a second conveyor belt arrangement 20 running in the longitudinal direction of the machine frame 2. Between the insertion opening 16 and a discharge end 21 of the first conveyor belt arrangement 18 is one with a vibration drive 22 connected sieve unit 23 is provided. At the front end of the system 1 in the working direction - represented by an arrow 28 - there is a discharge end 24 of a third conveyor belt arrangement 25 running in the machine longitudinal direction. Its receiving end 26 is positioned below a discharge end 27 of the main clearing device 7. The two clearing devices 5, 7 are located between two rail carriages 8 arranged at the end on the rear machine frame 4, the main clearing device 7, which is height-adjustable and laterally adjustable and has a vibration drive 30, is arranged downstream of the clearing device 5 in the working direction. This clearing device 5, which is also height-adjustable and laterally adjustable and has a vibration drive 31, is assigned a sieve unit 34 with a vibration drive 35 between its discharge end 32 and a receiving end 33 of the first conveyor belt arrangement 18.

A discharge end 36 of the second conveyor belt arrangement 20 for removing the crushed ballast from the stone crusher device 3 and a discharge end 37 of a fourth conveyor belt arrangement 38 for transporting sand are assigned a common pouring hopper 39. This is arranged above a swiveling conveyor belt 41 mounted on the rear machine frame 4 so as to be pivotable about a vertical axis 40. The discharge end thereof is positioned immediately in front of a leveling and compacting device 42 for leveling and compacting a protective layer 43. A receiving end 44 of the fourth conveyor belt arrangement 38 is provided at the rear end of the machine frame 4.

The rear machine frame 4 is connected to two track lifting devices 45 spaced apart from one another in the machine longitudinal direction. In the area of the middle rail running gear 8, two frame parts 47 of the rear machine frame 4, which are connected by a joint 46, can be adjusted with respect to one another with the aid of a spindle drive 48. In this way, the middle rail undercarriage 8 can be lifted off the ballast bed 10 during work.

The mode of operation of system 1 is described in more detail below:

The system 1 is continuously moved in the direction of arrow 28 during work, the track 9 being raised by the two track lifting devices 45 in the region of the rear machine frame 4. Through an endless to the track 9 guided clearing chain of the clearing device 5, the upper part of the ballast bed 10 or the old ballast 6 is continuously picked up and thrown onto the screening unit 34 via the discharge end 32. Through this the overburden picked up with the old ballast 6 is released and thrown through openings directly onto the remaining ballast bed 10. From the sieve unit 34, the used ballast 6 arrives at the first conveyor belt arrangement 18 and from there onto the sieve unit 23. From this undersize (small gravel stones) falls directly onto the second conveyor belt arrangement 20 crushed by this into a desired, optionally adjustable grain size. The crushed old ballast 6 is finally fed to the second conveyor belt arrangement 20 via the outlet opening 17 and thrown into the hopper 39 by the latter. Sand brought in by the fourth conveyor belt arrangement 38 of loading wagons 49 also arrives in these. In the hopper 39, crushed old ballast 6 and sand are mixed in a desired ratio by appropriate control of conveyor belt drives 50 and dropped onto an earth level 51 via the pivoting conveyor belt 41.

The earth level 51 is exposed by removing the remaining ballast 6 of the ballast bed 10 and possibly also a part of the track substructure with the help of the main clearing device 7. This also has an endless clearing chain which is guided around the track 9 and by means of which the remaining old ballast 6 is thrown onto the third conveyor belt arrangement 25. In the area of the discharge end 24, the old ballast 6 is dropped onto loading wagons 52. The exposed and leveled earth level 51 is compacted with the aid of a compacting device 53. Immediately behind the compacting device 53, planum gravel sand 55 produced by mixing the crushed old ballast 6 with sand 54 is thrown off and leveled and compacted by the leveling and compacting device 42. Immediately in front of the rear rail undercarriage 8 of the rear machine frame 4, the track 9 is placed on the compacted protective layer 43. Following the use of this system 1, new ballast is dropped onto the track 9, the latter is raised and the ballast falling under the track is thereby stuffed.

In the variants of the system 1 according to the invention shown in FIGS. 3 to 6, functionally identical parts are designated with the same reference numerals as in FIGS. 1 and 2 in order to avoid repetitions.

In the plant 1 shown in FIG. 3, the front clearing device 5 is located on the front machine frame 2 for removing a part of the old ballast 6. This is also connected to a height and side adjustable track lifting device 45. The old ballast 6 partially picked up by the first clearing device 5 is fed to the insertion opening 16 of the stone crusher device 3 and transferred from it to the second conveyor belt arrangement 20 in crushed form. The hopper 39 is provided in the area of this second conveyor belt arrangement 20 under the discharge end 37 of the fourth conveyor belt arrangement 38 for transporting sand. The flat gravel sand 55 produced in the hopper 39 by mixing sand and crushed old ballast 6 is fed to the swiveling conveyor belt 41 via the second conveyor belt arrangement 20 and is finally thrown by the latter onto the exposed earth flat surface 51. The remaining old ballast 6 picked up by the main clearing device 7 is transported to a connected loading wagon 52 via the third conveyor belt arrangement 25 leading to the rear end of the installation 1.

In the variant of the plant 1 shown in FIG. 4, the entire old ballast 6 is picked up by the main clearing device 7 and fed to a screening plant 56 via the third conveyor belt arrangement 25. From there, the cleaned old ballast 6 passes through the insertion opening 16 into the stone crusher device 3, while the overburden is transported away via a conveyor belt 57. The crushed old ballast 6 arrives at the swiveling conveyor belt 41 via the second conveyor belt arrangement 20 and is thrown from there onto the exposed earth level 51. If necessary, additional sand can be conveyed in via the fourth conveyor belt arrangement 38 and mixed with the crushed old ballast 6 in the hopper 39. At the rear end of the system 1, new ballast 60 is dropped onto the formation protection layer 43 via a conveyor belt 58 and a swiveling conveyor belt 59. The new ballast 60 is stored in loading wagons 61 coupled to the system 1.

According to the variant shown in FIG. 5, the clearing device 5 connected to the front machine frame 2 is designed in the form of two flank chains which are spaced apart from one another in the cross-machine direction and can be adjusted in height independently of one another, in order to accommodate the old ballast 6 located in the front area of the sleeper. The rest of the old ballast 6 remaining under the track 9 is picked up and transported away with the help of the following main clearing device 7 (not shown in more detail).

The variant of a system 1 for underground renovation shown in FIG. 6 has a specially designed main clearing device 7 directly behind the clearing device 5 for receiving the old ballast 6. This is composed of two leveling chains 62 spaced apart from one another in the cross-machine direction and each pivotable about a vertical axis under the track. These are already known per se and are also described in more detail in US 4,355,687. With these leveling chains 62, the old ballast 6 remaining after the use of the clearing device 5 is possibly milled off together with soil and deposited laterally in the flank area of the substructure crown. An earth planum 51 is produced and compacted by means of a compacting device 53. Flat pebble sand 55 or new ballast 60 is introduced via pivoting conveyor belts 41 and 59 already described in FIG. 4.

Such a system 1 is particularly suitable for operations with very low ballast bedding, which is then taken up entirely by the clearing device 5, cleaned by a screening system and then fed to the stone crusher device. Since the milled material of the substructure crown is only deposited laterally by the leveling chains 62, there is advantageously no need to transport it away.

Claims (16)

Method for the subsurface rehabilitation of a ballast bed (10) of a track (9), whereby old ballast (6) of the ballast bed is continuously removed while exposing an earth level (51), gravel sand (55) is thrown onto the exposed earth level and compacted to form a level protection layer (43) , characterized in that at least a part of the old ballast (6) of the ballast bed is crushed and dropped to form at least a part of the formation protection layer (43) onto the exposed earth formation. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that a part of the old ballast is crushed, mixed with sand and dropped to form the formation protection layer on the exposed earth level after removal of the remaining old ballast. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that new ballast is thrown onto the leveled and compacted formation protection layer. Method according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the old ballast is cleaned before comminution. Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that after removal of a part of the old ballast to comminute it, the remaining old ballast is milled to produce an earth level and is deposited on the flanks of the earth level (51). Method according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that prior to crushing the old ballast from this undersize and is thrown onto the exposed earth level (51). Installation for the underground rehabilitation of the ballast bedding of a track, with conveyor belt arrangements for transporting old ballast or leveling sand for a level protection layer, for carrying out the method according to claim 1, characterized by a stone crusher device (3) located on a machine frame (2) with rail bogies (8), whose insertion opening (16) one is assigned to the first conveyor belt arrangement (18) for transporting the old ballast (6), while an outlet opening (17) of the stone crusher device (3) has a receiving end (19) of a second conveyor belt arrangement (20) running in the longitudinal direction of the machine frame (2) for the removal of Formed gravel sand is assigned to crushed gravel. Plant according to Claim 7, characterized in that a clearing device (5) for continuously receiving the old ballast from the ballast bed (10) is assigned to a receiving end (33) of the first conveyor belt arrangement (18) for transporting the old ballast (6). Plant according to claim 8, characterized in that the clearing device (5) connected to the stone crusher device (3) via the first conveyor belt arrangement (18) - seen in the working direction of the plant (1) - is a main clearing device which is height-adjustable by drives (29) (7) for removing the remaining old ballast (6). Plant according to claim 9, characterized in that a third conveyor belt arrangement (25) is assigned to the main clearing device (7) for removing the old ballast (6), the discharge end (24) of which is provided at one of the two ends of the plant (1) . System according to one of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that the machine frame (2) connected to the stone crusher device (3) is coupled to a further machine frame (4) which is located between two rail carriages (8) arranged at the ends with the two clearing devices (5 , 7) is connected. Plant according to one of claims 7 to 11, characterized in that a discharge end (36) of the second conveyor belt arrangement (20) for the removal of the crushed ballast and a discharge end (37) of a fourth conveyor belt arrangement (38) for the transport of sand, a common hopper (39 ) assigned. Plant according to claim 12, characterized in that the pouring hopper (39) can be pivoted about a vertical axis (40) on the machine frame (4) mounted pivoting conveyor belt (41) is arranged, the discharge end of which is positioned directly in the working direction of the system (1) in front of a leveling and compacting device (42) for the leveling protective layer (43). Plant according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that a receiving end (44) of the fourth conveyor belt arrangement (38) provided for sand transport is provided at the rear end of the machine frame (4) in the working direction of the plant (1). Installation according to one of claims 7 to 14, characterized in that a sieve unit (34) having a vibration drive (35) is arranged between the receiving end (33) of the first conveyor belt arrangement (18) and a discharge end (32) of the clearing device (5). Installation according to one of claims 7 to 15, characterized in that a sieve unit (23) connected to a vibration drive (22) is provided between the insertion opening (16) of the stone crusher device (3) and the discharge end (21) of the first conveyor belt arrangement (18) .

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