EP2166152B1 - Method and device for improving or repairing track systems - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method for improving or repairing track systems with a substructure and a ballast bed as a superstructure comprising the steps of: removing the ballast of the ballast bed, removing the material of the substructure to a desired depth, if necessary producing a new Erdplanums, installation of a new Substructure, making a new ballast bed.

Moreover, the present invention relates to a device for improving or repairing track systems with a substructure and a ballast bed as a superstructure with a first excavating device, in particular Aushubkette, for removing the ballast, a second excavating device, in particular Aushubkette, for removing substructure material, if necessary, a device for producing a new earth bank, means for installing a new substructure and means for producing a new ballast bed.

In previously known methods, although the gravel is partially reused, the removed material of the substructure is, however, transported away and disposed of. The new substructure is made with new material. In addition to the complex transport of the old material removed and the installed new material, which is carried out predominantly by trucks, the landfill of the old material is expensive, since it is at least partially polluted material. The use of new material also leads to landscape consumption.

The processing of the removed ballast for reuse is carried out in known methods and devices by screening plants, ie by separation of the gravel shares depending on the grain size. In particular, gravel with a grain size> 30 mm is reused, while gravel with smaller grain size and other residues are not reused. The reused gravel with grain size> 30 mm is at least partially processed, for example by means of impact crusher and cleaning in a car wash.

A method according to the preamble of claim 1 and an apparatus according to the preamble of claim 9 are made EP 1 939 355 A known. Further relevant prior art is in EP 0 629 744 A contain. EP 2 025 810 A1 represents prior art under Article 54 (3) EPC.

The invention has for its object to provide a method and an apparatus of the type mentioned, which cause less cost and less landscape consumption.

This object is achieved in a method of the type mentioned by the features of claim 1.

In a device of the type mentioned, this object is solved by the features of claim 9.

Due to the separate removal of material from said mixing zone and the incorporation of the mixed zone material as part of the new substructure results on the one hand the advantage that less aging material must be transported and disposed of, and on the other, that less new material for the construction of the new substructure is needed. Next The reduced transport and disposal costs also reduce the landscape consumption.

The developed mixed zone material is deposited directly on the remaining substructure or the new Erdplanum and installed there, in particular as a base course. The removal and replacement of the mixing zone material can be done very easily.

The mixing zone material is preferably reinstalled unchanged. The mixed zone material is often ready for replacement. This can be particularly promoted by the fact that the height of the intermediate layer to be removed according to an embodiment of the invention is determined depending on the results of a previously carried out soil examination. Elaborate cleaning or treatment work can be omitted.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the excavated ballast is at least partially processed and reinstalled. In a manner known per se, the costs and the amount of material to be removed and disposed of can thereby be reduced.

In such a reprocessing of the ballast, it is advantageous if at least a portion of the processing residues of the ballast are also reinstalled. The treatment residues are preferably applied to the reincorporated mixed zone material and more preferably mixed with this. In addition to the mixing zone material can be reused a further amount of material from the old track system for the new track system. The costs and the already mentioned transport and landfill services can thereby be further reduced. The mixing of the treatment residues with the mixed zone material results in a good quality of the built-in layer, which can serve in particular as a layer protection layer or antifreeze layer.

The rebuilt mixed zone material also additives in liquid and / or solid form, in particular powdered form can be added. As a result, the properties of the rebuilt mixed zone material can also be improved.

The total thickness of the new substructure required according to the respective soil condition and the soil assessment is achieved in particular by feeding, installation and compaction of new material. The new substructure can be constructed in one or more layers, in particular two-layered, in order to allow sufficient compression in particular with large overall thickness.

The removed material of the substructure is in particular completely removed and disposed of according to an embodiment of the invention. The material is usually not suitable for reinstallation. By the appropriate supply of new material, therefore, a good quality of the new substructure can be achieved.

The incorporated material, in particular the mixing zone material and / or the treatment residues and / or the new substructure material, are preferably leveled and / or compacted. As a result, the quality of the respective layer can be increased.

According to one embodiment of the invention, at least a part, but preferably all process steps are carried out with existing track linkage. Removal of the track linkage is thereby eliminated. Also, the supply and removal of the materials can advantageously be done via the track. The costs and an impairment of a possible neighboring track can be reduced.

With the third excavation device of the device according to the invention, the material can be removed from the mixing zone. For this purpose, a Aushubkette be provided, as it is also used for the expansion of the ballast and the substructure material. According to the invention, the use of a cutting plate for removing the mixed zone material is provided. This can be arranged in particular above the Aushubkette for the material of the substructure. With such a cutting plate, it is advantageously possible to store the developed mixed zone material directly on the remaining substructure or the new Erdplanum. A separate conveyor is not required for this purpose. Particularly preferably, the cutting plate is controllable to adjust the height of the developed mixing zone.

A device for processing the ballast and a conveying device for conveying the processed ballast to the bulkhead installation device can be designed in particular in a conventional manner. A corresponding conveying and installation device is preferably used for conveying and installing at least a portion of the treatment residues on the rebuilt mixed zone material.

More preferably, a mixing device for mixing the treatment residues with the mixing zone material is provided, in particular a harrow or spiked roller. This may be the property of this layer be improved from rebuilt material. A further improvement may result from the addition of additives of solid or liquid form, in particular pulverized form, for which corresponding agents are provided in the device.

The feeding of new material to the installation device for the substructure via a supply device, which may also be formed in a conventional manner. The discharge device for the removed substructure material can also be constructed in a conventional manner.

Furthermore, the device preferably comprises a compressor and / or a leveling device, in particular a dozer blade. With this the different layers can be compacted and leveled.

The device according to the invention can be designed and used as a separate device or as an additional module of an existing device, in particular a conventional tarmac improvement machine. It is also preferably designed to be able to travel by rail and has means for carrying out and evaluating soil examinations.

An embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the drawing and will be described below.

Fig. 1

eine Systemskizze zum erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren.

It shows as the only figure

Fig. 1

a system sketch for the method according to the invention.

In the lower part of Fig. 1 is a track 1 with rails 2 and 3 thresholds shown, but only one rail 2 can be seen in the lower left area, the old, to be renewed track system is shown, and in the right lower area the new track system produced according to the invention.

The old track system comprises a ballast layer 4, in which the track 1 is embedded. Below the ballast layer 4 is the substructure 5. In the transition region between the ballast layer 4 and the substructure 5 is a mixing zone 6, the strength of which is determined in advance by a soil examination in particular. The mixing zone 6 consists in particular of crushed ballast or gravel abrasion and material of the old substructure. The strength of the mixing zone can be, for example, 10 cm.

The old ballast of the ballast layer 4 is removed by means of a receiving chain known type, which is not shown here. Usually, such a lifting chain on scratch fingers and a receiving beam for transporting the removed material. The material of the mixing zone 6 can also be removed with such a Aushubkette. Preference is given to the use of a cutting plate 12, which is adjustable according to the strength of the mixing zone 6 to be removed. With a third recording chain, the material of the substructure 5 is removed to a desired depth.

The removed material of the substructure 5 is removed via the track 1, optionally transferred to trucks and disposed of in landfills. The removed material of the mixing zone 6 is applied directly and preferably untreated to the remaining substructure or a newly created Erdplanum 7 and forms there a layer 8. The developed old ballast 4 'of the ballast bed 4 is processed in the apparatus, the treatment also in a conventional manner can be done with known facilities. The resulting processing residues are applied to the layer 8 of material of the mixing zone 6 and preferably mixed with this material. For this harrows or spiked rollers 13 are provided. The applied layer of treatment residues is marked 9.

On this layer 9 then new substructure material is installed. The installation takes place in such a thickness that, together with the layers 8 and 9 or the mixed layer formed therefrom, the desired overall thickness of the substructure results. The layer of built-in virgin material is marked with 10. The new substructure may comprise a tarmac layer and / or an antifreeze layer.

On the finished substructure 8, 9, 10 then the processed old ballast is installed, thereby forming a new ballast layer 11. The layers 8, 9 and 10 are each preferably densified and leveled. In addition, each additive can be introduced in solid or liquid form. For this purpose, a propulsion and / or quantity-controlled metering device can be provided. Finally, the track 1 is stuffed in the newly prepared ballast layer 11 in a known manner and directed.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

track

2

rail

3

threshold

4

old gravel layer

4 '

old ballast

5

substructure

6

mixing zone

7

new earth planum

8th

Layer of mixed zone material

9

Layer of treatment residues

10

Layer of new substructure material

11

new gravel layer

12

cutting sheet metal

13

Harrows or spiked rollers

14

Compressor / Leveler

Claims (15)

1. A method of improving or maintaining railway tracks having a subgrade (5) and a ballast bed (4) as a superstructure comprising the steps:

   extracting the ballast of the ballast bed (4);

   extracting the material of the subgrade (5) down to a desired depth;

   where necessary, preparing a new formation (7);

   installing a new subgrade (8, 9, 10); and

   preparing a new ballast bed (11);

   characterised by the steps of:

   separately extracting material from a mixed zone (6) in a transition region between the old ballast bed (4) and the old subgrade (5);

   installing the mixed zone material as part (8) of the new subgrade (8, 9, 10), with the mixed zone material being placed directly onto the remaining old subgrade or onto the new formation (7) and being installed there as part (8) of the new subgrade (8, 9, 10), in particular as a base course.
2. A method in accordance with claim 1,
   characterised in that
   the extracted mixed zone material is reinstalled in unmodified form.
3. A method in accordance with one of the preceding claims,
   characterised in that
   at least some of the extracted ballast (4') is treated and reinstalled, with at least some of the treatment residues of the ballast (4') preferably being reinstalled as part (9) of the new subgrade (8, 9, 10).
4. A method in accordance with claim 3,
   characterised in that
   the treatment residues are applied to a layer (8) of reinstalled mixed zone material; and/or in that
   the treatment residues are mixed with the reinstalled mixed zone material.
5. A method in accordance with any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that
   additives in liquid and/or solid form, in particular in powdered form, are added to the reinstalled mixed zone material; and/or in that the new subgrade (8, 9, 10) is built up using new material, in particular using a new formation layer and/or frost protection layer.
6. A method in accordance with any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that
   the extracted subgrade material is transported away; and/or in that the reinstalled mixed zone material and/or the introduced treatment residues and/or the installed, new subgrade material is/are levelled and/or compacted.
7. A method in accordance with any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that
   the subgrade (10) is built up in two or more layers; and/or in that at least some method steps, preferably all f .
8. A method in accordance with any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that
   the results of a ground survey carried out beforehand are taken into account, in particular when fixing the depth of the mixed zone (6) to be extracted and when fixing the quantity of the treatment residues to be reinstalled.
9. An apparatus for improving or maintaining railway tracks having a subgrade (5) and a ballast bed (4) as a superstructure comprising a first excavation device, in particular an excavation chain, for extracting the ballast (4') of a second excavation device, in particular an excavation chain, for extracting subgrade material; where necessary, a device for preparing a new formation (7); a device for installing a new subgrade (8, 9, 10); and a device for preparing a new ballast bed (11),
   characterised in that
   a third excavation device is provided for extracting material from a mixed zone (6) in a transition region between the old ballast bed (4) and the old subgrade (5) and a device is provided for the direct installation of the extracted mixed zone material as part (8) of the newly prepared subgrade (8, 9, 10), with the device (8) having a cutting plate (12).
10. An apparatus in accordance with claim 9,
    characterised in that
    the cutting plate (12) is adjustable, in particular in its height.
11. An apparatus in accordance with claim 9 or claim 10,
    characterised in that
    a device is provided for treating the extracted ballast (4') and a conveying device is provided for conveying the treated ballast to the ballast installation device, with a conveying and installation device in particular being provided for conveying and installing at least some of the treatment residues as part (9) of the new subgrade (8, 9, 10), with a mixing device, in particular a harrow or a spiked roller (13), preferably being provided for mixing the treatment residues with the reinstalled mixed zone material.
12. An apparatus in accordance with any one of the claims 9 to 11, characterised in that
    means are provided for supplying additives, in particular in liquid or solid form, to the reinstalled mixed zone material.
13. An apparatus in accordance with any one of the claims 9 to 12, characterised in that
    a supply device is provided for supplying new material to the installation device for the new subgrade (8, 9, 10), in particular with a new formation layer and/or frost protection layer; and/or in that a disposal device for extracted subgrade material is provided.
14. An apparatus in accordance with any one of the claims 9 to 13, characterised in that
    compressors and/or levellers (14) for the different installed layers (8, 9, 10) are provided; and/or in that the apparatus is configured as a separate apparatus or as an add-on module of an existing apparatus, in particular of a formation improvement machine.
15. An apparatus in accordance with any one of the claims 9 to 14, characterised in that
    the apparatus is configured as on-track; and/or in that means are provided for carrying out and evaluating ground surveys.

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