EP0543276B1 - Grue mobile - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP0543276B1
EP0543276B1 EP92119316A EP92119316A EP0543276B1 EP 0543276 B1 EP0543276 B1 EP 0543276B1 EP 92119316 A EP92119316 A EP 92119316A EP 92119316 A EP92119316 A EP 92119316A EP 0543276 B1 EP0543276 B1 EP 0543276B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
axis
bed
rotation
crane
telescopic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP92119316A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0543276A1 (fr
Inventor
Franz Lutz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kidde Industries Inc
Original Assignee
Kidde Industries Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kidde Industries Inc filed Critical Kidde Industries Inc
Publication of EP0543276A1 publication Critical patent/EP0543276A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0543276B1 publication Critical patent/EP0543276B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/18—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes
    • B66C23/36—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes mounted on road or rail vehicles; Manually-movable jib-cranes for use in workshops; Floating cranes
    • B66C23/42—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes mounted on road or rail vehicles; Manually-movable jib-cranes for use in workshops; Floating cranes with jibs of adjustable configuration, e.g. foldable

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a mobile crane, ie a unit which has as its main components a self-propelled chassis that can also be used in road traffic and a telescopic crane mast that is movably supported on it, together with a crane drive, the chassis being one has a box-shaped support extending in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, the wheels of the crane are at least partially steerable and / or drivable, the telescopic crane mast can be moved with respect to the support by means of at least one support arm about an axis of rotation arranged between two adjacent wheel pairs and vertical to the support and can be pivoted about a pivot axis spaced from this in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle and perpendicular to the axis of rotation between a lying driving position and crane positions, a driver's cab can also be rotated about the vertical axis of rotation with the telescopic crane mast, and a movable support track held on the carrier for relieving the wheels in crane operation are provided.
  • Such a mobile crane is known from DE-U-90 01 589.
  • the well-known Eran has rigid wheel axles, which results in a disadvantage of a high position of the frame and the superstructure on it, which due to the high center of gravity results in limited stability, for example when cornering.
  • the wheel lock is limited on rigid axles, which is disadvantageous when maneuvering.
  • the driver's cab which is movable in the crane operation with the superstructure and the crane mast, has to be switched for every change of the operating mode from driving to crane operation and vice versa 180 ° relative to the crane mast about the vertical axis of rotation, for which a complex design of the pivot bearing is necessary.
  • mobile cranes must be designed in such a way that they enable safe handling in crane operation with a high load capacity, the greatest possible lifting height and the largest possible working radius; on the other hand, it must be ensured that the requirements that arise with regard to safe driving, especially in road traffic, are also taken into account.
  • the requirements resulting from shunting movements - for example at parking spaces (parking spaces, cramped parking positions) or different locations - must also be taken into account.
  • the object of the invention is to design a mobile crane in such a way that it is of compact design with comparatively unchanged performance in driving and crane operation, especially when the telescopic crane mast is in the driving position (ie when the operator is lying down, retracted). If possible at im Compared to conventional mobile cranes with the same wheel spacings and wheel diameters, the maneuverability in driving operations can be improved.
  • a mobile crane which has the features of claim 1.
  • An essential one It is a feature of the invention that the wheels are individually suspended from the carrier with sufficient bending and torsional rigidity by means of telescopic spring struts, preferably single-wheel drives, in particular hydraulic motors arranged on the wheel hub, being used for the drive.
  • a further essential feature of the invention is that the driver's cab, which is equipped for both operating modes (crane and driving operation) and can be rotated about its axis of rotation with the telescopic crane mast, is additionally relative to the axis of rotation at least in one direction - with the crane mast lying in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle and / or in height - is adjustable.
  • the mobile crane can under certain circumstances be adapted to different operating conditions or the operator's overview can be improved in certain situations.
  • it is ensured that the driver's cab is oriented in the direction of travel in both operating modes, and that the crane hook and / or the attached load can be observed reliably in crane operation.
  • each strut and the carrier arranged and upwardly projecting post-like holding elements leads to the fact that the wheels have a considerable steering deflection and that above the upper edge of the carrier, the holding elements connecting stiffening elements can be attached, which the recording as large as possible Allow tipping moments and thus high wheel loads.
  • the stiffening elements which can be designed in particular as a box-shaped cross member, are preferably designed in such a way that they do not hinder the lowering of the telescopic crane mast in the direction of the carrier (ie into the lying, retracted driving position) or the inclusion, for example, required for crane operation Allow objects.
  • the stiffening elements either have only a low overall height in the area of the girder or are U-shaped.
  • the attachment of the struts to the upper end portion of the holding elements is advantageous in that a relatively large spring travel of the struts can be achieved with an overall compact design.
  • the last-mentioned arrangement of the spring struts with respect to the holding elements enables the wheel axles to be adjusted, in which they lie above the lower edge of the carrier.
  • the pivot axis on which the telescopic crane mast can be pivoted between the lying driving position and different crane positions can be arranged in such a way that it seen in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle - in the driving position of the telescopic crane mast lies further from the axis of rotation perpendicular to it than the peripheral surfaces of the rear wheel pair facing the rear end section of the carrier (claim 2).
  • the position of the swivel axis described in this way enables the telescopic crane mast to be oriented in a manner that is favorable for driving and, if the overall length of the mobile crane is maintained, the use of a sufficiently long telescopic crane mast is possible.
  • the pivot axis can in particular also be in the vicinity of the rear support legs or be further away from the axis of rotation than this.
  • At least one (in this case on one side of the vehicle frame) support arm is provided, which is preferably at least partially designed as a torsionally rigid box with an adjoining cantilever section; the support arm then forms an angle, at the free end portion of which the pivot axis is held.
  • An embodiment in which the pivot axis is extremely far from the axis of rotation of the telescopic crane mast can be realized by arranging the pivot axis according to claim 3. In this, the pivot axis is at least in the vicinity of the rear support legs attached to the carrier. These are located further from the axis of rotation than the previously mentioned circumferential wheel surfaces.
  • the swivel axis should be arranged such that the hook-side end of the telescopic crane mast is inclined downwards in the driving direction in the driving position (claim 4). This can be achieved - if necessary also in addition to the measures already mentioned - in that the pivot axis is mounted relatively high with respect to the carrier.
  • An advantageous embodiment of the subject of the invention is characterized in that the carrier is the component determining the greatest vehicle length if the telescopic crane mast assumes the (lying and retracted) driving position (claim 5).
  • the telescopic crane mast is designed and arranged in such a way that it does not protrude beyond the beam in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle in the driving position and, if possible, makes full use of its length.
  • the driver's cabin should in any case be arranged in such a way that the field of vision of the operator located in it lies above the telescopic crane mast which assumes the driving position (claim 6).
  • the operational safety of the mobile crane can be increased by maintaining compact overall dimensions in that the driver's cab is height-adjustable relative to the axis of rotation and / or can be moved perpendicularly to it (claims 7, 8).
  • a combination of height adjustability and movability can be realized in a simple manner in that the driver's cab is supported, for example, on the slewing ring for the telescopic crane mast via a motor-driven parallel linkage.
  • the holding elements are expediently designed such that they have a trapezoidal cross-sectional shape in plan view (claim 9). This allows large moments to be introduced into the carrier with extensive freedom of movement, ie also large turning angles of the associated wheels.
  • the mobile crane proposed by the invention has a cross-sectionally box-shaped support 1 (see FIG. 4) serving as a crane girder and vehicle frame, which extends in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle and forms the component determining the greatest vehicle length (FIG. 1).
  • the support At its two ends 1a and 1b, the support has horizontally extending front crossmembers 2 and rear crossmembers 3 with movable support legs 4. These can be extended laterally for the purpose of increasing the support width with respect to the cross members and telescopic in the vertical direction for lifting the vehicle crane or for relieving the front wheels 5 and rear wheels 6 suspended on the carrier 1. Instead, the support legs 4 can also be brought into effect on the base 7 in that they can be pivoted about a horizontal axis with respect to the cross members.
  • the longitudinal axis of the support legs is designated 4a.
  • the girder 1 is in the middle between the pairs of wheels with the wheels 5 and 6 on the side facing away from the ground 7
  • the top is equipped with a turntable 8, the axis of rotation 8a of which is oriented perpendicular to the longitudinal extent of the carrier.
  • Two support arms 9 are fastened to the turntable - perpendicular to the plane of the drawing at a distance from one another - between which a multi-extendable telescopic crane mast 11 is pivotally held on a pivot axis 10 perpendicular to the axis of rotation 8a.
  • Each of the torsionally rigid, box-shaped support arms 9 is composed of a 45 ° bevel section 9a starting from the rotating ring 8 and a subsequent horizontal section 9b on which the pivot axis 10 is supported.
  • the crane drive motor 12 is also attached to one of the two support arms 9.
  • the telescopic crane mast 11 has a seven-shot design so that it does not protrude beyond the front end 1a of the carrier 1 in the retracted, lying driving position, including its head 11a.
  • the cylinder unit 13 is arranged and designed in such a way that the telescopic crane mast 11 can be pivoted from the driving position by a maximum of approximately 82 degrees into any different crane positions.
  • the support arms 9 are designed such that the pivot axis 10 is relatively high and - seen in the vehicle longitudinal direction - in the driving position of the telescopic crane mast 11 is further away from the axis of rotation 8a than that of the carrier. End portion 1b facing peripheral surfaces of the rear wheel pair with the 3. As can be seen in particular in FIG. 3, the pivot axis 10 is at almost the same distance from the axis of rotation 8a as the longitudinal axis 4a of the rear support legs 4 connected to the cross members 3.
  • This arrangement of the pivot axis 10 has the result that the hook-side end - ie the head 11a - of the telescopic crane mast 11 is inclined downwards in the driving position in the direction of travel (illustrated by the arrow 14).
  • the resulting particularly low position of the hook-side end improves or facilitates the overview of the operator during driving and also allows the driver's cab 15, which is still to be explained in detail, to be designed and arranged particularly low - in the sense of a compact construction of the mobile crane.
  • the telescopic crane mast 11 can be dimensioned relatively long given the total length of the mobile crane (due to its inclined position in the driving position).
  • the driver's cab 15 which is provided both for the crane and for the driving operation of the mobile crane, can be rotated about the axis of rotation 8a with the telescopic crane mast 11 and is supported at least in one direction relative to the axis of rotation via the turntable 8.
  • the driver's cabin is also arranged so high that the field of vision of the operator located in the driver's cabin is above the telescopic crane mast 11 taking up the driving position.
  • the driver's cabin 15 is arranged in the area between the two wheel pairs 5, 6 and is height-adjustable relative to the axis of rotation 8a by means of a lifting unit (not shown). While the driver's cab 15 is in its highest position in FIG.
  • the associated lowest position is shown in FIG. 2.
  • the lifting unit can in particular consist of a driven linkage arranged in the manner of a parallelogram, which is articulated at the same time on the driver's cabin and on the slewing ring 8.
  • the mobile crane can, for example, be briefly adapted to low passage heights without the operator's overview being impaired, in particular when driving.
  • the driver's cabin is - as can be seen from FIGS. 1 to 3 - to the side next to the telescopic crane mast 11 which assumes the driving position.
  • the driver's cabin 15 is held adjustable in two directions with respect to the axis of rotation 8a of the turntable 8, namely adjustable in height (indicated by the double arrow 17) and movable perpendicular to the axis of rotation (indicated by the double arrow 18).
  • the two adjustable end positions are shown by solid lines (on the left in the area of the head 11a) or by dashed lines (in the area of the axis of rotation 8a).
  • all wheels 5, 6 are individually suspended on spring struts 19, which are essentially telescoping vertically and are arranged between the carrier 1 and the associated wheel 5 or 6, as well as steerable (cf. FIG. 5) and drivable.
  • the latter is done via hydraulic motors 20 which act as individual drives and which are attached to the respective suspension strut 19 at the level of the wheel hub or wheel axle 5a or 6a (cf. in particular FIG. 4).
  • the spring struts 19 are not connected directly to the carrier 1, but rather with the interposition of a post-like holding element 21, each holding element being rigidly attached to the carrier and, viewed transversely to its longitudinal extension, upward protrudes beyond this (see, for example, FIG. 1).
  • the holding elements 21 are connected to the associated spring strut 19 on a sufficiently dimensioned vertical longitudinal section.
  • Such struts for independent wheel suspensions in mobile cranes are known for example from DE 38 06 709 A1.
  • the spring travel of the wheels 5 and 6 made possible by the use of the spring struts is represented by a sickle-shaped, dash-dotted circular line above the wheel in question; this circular line 5b or 6b also illustrates the possible maximum position of the wheel in relation to the carrier 1.
  • the stiffening elements 22 are opposite holding elements 21 - for example the holding elements for the rear wheel pair 6 shown in FIG. 4 - connected to one another at their overhead end section 21a above the beam 1 by means of a transverse stiffening element 22; This has - as can be seen in FIG. 4 - a low overall height and an overall U-shape, in particular in the central region.
  • the stiffening elements 22 are preferably each box-shaped. The previously described design of the stiffening elements 22 has the result that there is a space 23 in each area (cf. FIG. 4) or 24 (cf. FIG. 1), which holds the objects required for crane operation (cf. FIG.
  • the wheels 5 and 6 can be arranged with sufficient dimensioning of the spring travel in such a way that their axes 5a or 6a are in the driving mode above the lower edge 1c of the carrier 1; in this respect too, the described design achieves a compact construction of the mobile crane.
  • the post-like holding elements 21 have an approximately trapezoidal cross-sectional shape in the top view from above, that is to say they taper with increasing distance from the carrier 1 in the direction of the respective strut 19. Since the steering axle 25 of each wheel 5 or 6 is at a relatively large lateral distance 26 due to the interposition of the holding elements 21 from the carrier 1 (cf. FIG. 5), the wheels can be transmitted to the carrier despite the large ones via the holding elements 21 Moments - hit very hard.
  • the maximum possible steering deflection of each wheel 5 or 6 is more than 60 degrees to each side in the illustrated embodiment. If all wheels 5 and 6 are steered with full deflection, this leads to a minimum turning circle of 4.4 m on the outside of the curve and 0.81 m on the inside of the vehicle crane in the exemplary embodiment.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)
  • Vehicle Cleaning, Maintenance, Repair, Refitting, And Outriggers (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Véhicule-grue comprenant
    une poutre (1) servant de poutre de grue et de châssis automobile qui s'étend dans le sens longitudinal du véhicule en forme de caisson,
    des roues (5, 6) qui sont au moins partiellement orientables et/ou entraînables,
    un mât télescopique de grue (11), qui est mobile par rapport à la poutre (1) au moyen d'au moins un bras porteur (9) autour d'un axe de rotation (8a) vertical par rapport à la poutre et disposé entre deux paires de roues voisines (5, 6) et qui est pivotant autour d'un axe de pivotement (10) perpendiculaire à l'axe de rotation (8a) à distance de ce dernier dans le sens longitudinal du véhicule entre une position allongée de route et des positions de grue,
    une cabine de conducteur (15) entraînée en rotation avec le mât télescopique de grue (11) autour de l'axe de rotation vertical (8a)
    et des pieds d'appui (4) mobiles, maintenus à la poutre (1) afin de soulager les roues (5,6) en mode grue, caractérisé en ce que
    les roues (5, 6) sont suspendues indépendamment sur la poutre (1) au moyen de pieds à ressort télescopiques (19) et sont suspendues sur ressort sensiblement à la verticale,
    en ce que la cabine de conducteur (15) prend appui de manière réglable au moins dans une direction par rapport à l'axe de rotation (8a) pour le mode grue et le mode route,
    en ce qu'entre chaque pied à ressorts (19) et la poutre (1) sont disposés des éléments de maintien (21) en forme de montant qui sont reliés rigidement à la poutre (1) et - vu transversalement à son extension longitudinale - dépassent vers le haut de cette dernière, les pieds à ressort (19) étant fixés sur la section supérieure d'extrémité (21a) des éléments de maintien (21) et en ce
    qu'il est prévu des éléments raidisseurs (22) par l'intermédiaire desquels les éléments de maintien (21) de chaque paire de roues (5, 6) sont reliés rigidement entre eux au-dessus du bord supérieur de la poutre (1).
  2. Véhicule-grue selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'axe de pivotement (10) est disposé - vu dans le sens longitudinal du véhicule - en position de route du mât télescopique de grue (11), de manière à être plus éloigné de l'axe de rotation (8a) que ne le sont les surfaces périphériques de la paire arrière de roues (6), surfaces qui sont tournées vers la section arrière d'extrémité (1b) de la poutre.
  3. Véhicule-grue selon au moins l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'axe de pivotement (10) est disposé de manière à se trouver - vu dans le sens longitudinal du véhicule - au moins à proximité des pieds d'appui arrière (4) en position de route du mât télescopique de grue (11).
  4. Véhicule-grue selon au moins l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'axe de pivotement (10) est disposé de manière que l'extrémité formant crochet du mat télescopique de grue (11) est inclinée vers le bas dans le sens de la marche (flèche 14) en position de route.
  5. Véhicule-grue selon au moins l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la poutre (1) représente la partie déterminant la longueur maximale du véhicule dans le cas où le mât télescopique de grue (11) prend la position de route.
  6. Véhicule-grue selon au moins l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par une disposition de la cabine de conducteur (15), pour laquelle le cercle de visibilité de l'opérateur s'y trouvant est au-dessus du mât télescopique de grue (11) prenant la position de route.
  7. Véhicule-grue selon au moins l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la cabine du conducteur (15) est réglable en hauteur suivant l'axe de rotation (8a).
  8. Véhicule-grue selon au moins l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la cabine du conducteur (15) est mobile perpendiculairement à l'axe de rotation (8a).
  9. Véhicule-grue selon au moins l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les éléments de maintien (21) sont conçus de manière à présenter, en vue de dessus, une forme de section transversale trapézoïdale.
EP92119316A 1991-11-21 1992-11-12 Grue mobile Expired - Lifetime EP0543276B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE9114464U 1991-11-21
DE9114464U DE9114464U1 (de) 1991-11-21 1991-11-21 Kranfahrzeug

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0543276A1 EP0543276A1 (fr) 1993-05-26
EP0543276B1 true EP0543276B1 (fr) 1997-01-29

Family

ID=6873478

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92119316A Expired - Lifetime EP0543276B1 (fr) 1991-11-21 1992-11-12 Grue mobile

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0543276B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3182724B2 (fr)
DE (2) DE9114464U1 (fr)

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DE9302376U1 (de) * 1993-02-18 1993-06-24 EC Engineering + Consulting Spezialmaschinen GmbH, 7900 Ulm Kranfahrzeug
DE19603966A1 (de) * 1996-01-26 1997-07-31 Kirow Leipzig Rail & Port Ag M Mobilkran
DE19602972A1 (de) * 1996-01-27 1997-07-31 Walter Biedenbach Kran
DE29613415U1 (de) * 1996-08-02 1996-09-19 Compact Truck Ag, Zug Kranfahrzeug
FR2769872B1 (fr) * 1997-10-16 1999-12-17 Fdi Sambron Suspension d'engins de levage a roues independantes motrices et directrices
EP1008549A3 (fr) 1998-12-09 2000-08-02 Compact Truck AG Grue montée sur un véhicule
DE20203909U1 (de) * 2002-02-18 2003-06-18 Liebherr-Werk Ehingen Gmbh, 89584 Ehingen Kran
JP2004352467A (ja) * 2003-05-30 2004-12-16 Tadano Ltd ホイールクレーン
DE202008005033U1 (de) * 2008-04-11 2009-08-20 Liebherr-Werk Ehingen Gmbh Mobilkran
JP6435921B2 (ja) * 2015-02-27 2018-12-12 株式会社タダノ 作業車

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59207988D1 (de) 1997-03-13
EP0543276A1 (fr) 1993-05-26
JPH0664893A (ja) 1994-03-08
JP3182724B2 (ja) 2001-07-03
DE9114464U1 (de) 1993-03-25

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