EP0455202A1 - Carreau - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP0455202A1
EP0455202A1 EP91106948A EP91106948A EP0455202A1 EP 0455202 A1 EP0455202 A1 EP 0455202A1 EP 91106948 A EP91106948 A EP 91106948A EP 91106948 A EP91106948 A EP 91106948A EP 0455202 A1 EP0455202 A1 EP 0455202A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tile
blind
tile according
surface structure
tiles
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP91106948A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0455202B1 (fr
Inventor
Gerhard Paul
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GAIL AG
Original Assignee
GAIL AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=6853443&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0455202(A1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by GAIL AG filed Critical GAIL AG
Priority to AT91106948T priority Critical patent/ATE100170T1/de
Publication of EP0455202A1 publication Critical patent/EP0455202A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0455202B1 publication Critical patent/EP0455202B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Revoked legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61H—PHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
    • A61H3/00—Appliances for aiding patients or disabled persons to walk about
    • A61H3/06—Walking aids for blind persons
    • A61H3/066—Installations on the floor, e.g. special surfaces, to guide blind persons
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E04F15/08—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements only of stone or stone-like material, e.g. ceramics, concrete; of glass or with a top layer of stone or stone-like material, e.g. ceramics, concrete or glass

Definitions

  • the description relates to a tile with a groove-like surface structure.
  • Tiles are increasingly used, particularly in public buildings, to form floors or wall coverings.
  • the requirements usually placed on tiles relate to the visual appearance as well as questions of wear resistance, especially with floor tiles, and running safety.
  • the most diverse designs and shapes of tiles have already been developed, which meet these requirements.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a tile which serves as a guide for the blind and with the help of which it is possible for blind people to find their way without additional help.
  • the object is achieved in that the tile is provided with a surface structure which has mutually parallel grooves with a sinusoidal surface shape in the cut edge.
  • the tile according to the invention is characterized by a number of significant advantages.
  • the selected surface structure of the tile enables the blind or visually impaired to scan the surface structure of the tile with their cane and to follow the direction given by the tile.
  • the tile is suitable both for normal orientation and as a marking for an escape route.
  • the wavy, sinusoidal surface structure The profile of the tile is such that when it is swept over with a cane, an oscillation frequency or a tone results which is significantly different from the noise level of the surroundings, in particular the other traffic noise. With the help of the sound produced in this way, which the blind person can clearly hear, it is possible for him to orient himself precisely.
  • the tile it is possible, taking into account the usual movement of a cane when scanning the floor, to align the tile in such a way that the blind person can precisely determine the direction to be followed on the basis of the maximum volume of the sound generated when scanning with the stick.
  • the tiles can thus be arranged exactly to the path to be followed.
  • the tile according to the invention can be laid, for example, in a width of approximately 50 cm, so that there is a sufficiently wide web on which the blind person can orient himself.
  • the tile As an alternative to the sinusoidal design of the surface profile, it is also possible to provide the tile with a trapezoidal, groove-shaped surface profile, which can have similar acoustic properties.
  • the tile according to the invention thus gives the blind person the possibility of determining the position of the tile and possibly also its orientation, both tactilely and acoustically, in order to find his way.
  • the wavelength of the sinusoid is between 0.8 and 1.4 cm. This wavelength results in the most advantageous pitch and range of the sound produced and thus contains the highest degree of effectiveness and safety. It can also be particularly favorable if the amplitude is between 2.4 and 3.4 mm. Since the The usual scanning speed at which a blind person guides his cane across the ground is essentially the same advantageous result for all of these users.
  • the particularly advantageous values for the amplitude and the wavelength are chosen so that the wavelength is 1.1 cm and the amplitude is 3 mm.
  • the tile according to the invention Since the tile according to the invention is installed in conjunction with conventional floor tiles, it must also be ensured that the tile also stands out visually from the other floor tiles, for example in order to prevent the escape route given to the blind by the row of tiles, be it by others Passers-by or through parked objects. For this reason, it is desirable for the tile to be different in color from the other floor tiles. According to the invention it is provided that the tile is provided with a color layer in the troughs of the sinusoidal surface structure. This configuration has the considerable advantage that the color layer is applied in a wear-resistant manner, for example in the form of a glaze, since then there is usually no or only very little mechanical wear in the waves. A white color is preferably chosen.
  • the surface structure is designed in terms of amplitude and wavelength so that other people do not hinder entering the tile. For example, it is easy to walk on the tile with pointed heels or stiletto heels from women's shoes. The shoulders cannot get caught in the groove-shaped surface profile, so that there is no risk of tripping over. It also ensures that the tile is not damaged by entering. It is also harmless if the tile is run over by vehicles, for example by trolleys or prams or similar. Here, too, there is no risk of an accident or of damage to the tile.
  • the tile is preferably made of a ceramic material which has a tightness of a predetermined height.
  • the tightness is usually characterized by the degree of water absorption, in the preferred embodiment of the tile according to the invention it is provided that the water absorption is less than 3%.
  • the tile is therefore essentially made of the same materials as building ceramics, which can be used outdoors.
  • the tile according to the invention can also be designed in such a way that it is plate-shaped and the shape of customary tiles is adapted.
  • the tile can be rectangular, but it can also be made with any other geometries.
  • the tile comprises a base body 1 which is essentially plate-shaped.
  • the base body 1 is designed in the form of a rectangular plate.
  • a groove-like surface structure 2 is provided, which has mutually parallel grooves that have a sinusoidal shape. 1 shows the surface structure 2 only in a schematic representation.
  • the sinusoidal grooves extend over the entire length or width of the base body 1.
  • Opposing edges 3 of the base body 1, which run parallel to the grooves, are designed in such a way that adjacent tiles are structured is not affected. With several, composite tiles, this results in a uniform, undisturbed sinusoidal surface shape.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Rehabilitation Therapy (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Pain & Pain Management (AREA)
  • Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Floor Finish (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Moulds, Cores, Or Mandrels (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
EP91106948A 1990-05-03 1991-04-29 Carreau Revoked EP0455202B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT91106948T ATE100170T1 (de) 1990-05-03 1991-04-29 Fliese.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE9005001U DE9005001U1 (de) 1990-05-03 1990-05-03 Fliese
DE9005001U 1990-05-03

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0455202A1 true EP0455202A1 (fr) 1991-11-06
EP0455202B1 EP0455202B1 (fr) 1994-01-12

Family

ID=6853443

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91106948A Revoked EP0455202B1 (fr) 1990-05-03 1991-04-29 Carreau

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0455202B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE100170T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE9005001U1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2048524T3 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2120857A1 (es) * 1995-05-29 1998-11-01 Ahmed Gumaa Bushara Sistema guia para ciegos.
WO2010037839A1 (fr) * 2008-10-02 2010-04-08 A-Design Ag Procédé de guidage de parcours d'un utilisateur dans un bâtiment

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE9017949U1 (de) * 1990-07-10 1993-02-25 Doose, Volker, 1000 Berlin Bodenbelagsunterkonstruktion Orientierungsstein
DE202005011217U1 (de) * 2005-07-16 2005-10-13 Teo Industriedesign Gmbh Begehbare Platte
CN104042429A (zh) * 2014-06-10 2014-09-17 浙江工业大学 一种城市导盲系统

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1546729A (fr) * 1967-10-10 1968-11-22 Elément de revêtement décoratif et fonctionnel
DE2618529A1 (de) * 1976-04-28 1977-11-10 August Siebert Vorrichtung zur sicherung des unbeabsichtigten ueberfahrens des randstreifens von fahrbahnen, insbesondere autobahnen
GB2221234A (en) * 1988-07-27 1990-01-31 Univ Nottingham Grooved paving slabs

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1785768U (de) * 1959-01-31 1959-03-26 Buender Tonwerk Inh H Hensiek Rutschfeste klinkerplatte.
DE8438292U1 (de) * 1984-12-31 1985-04-04 Ostara-Fliesen Gmbh & Co Kg, 4005 Meerbusch Bodenbelagfliese

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1546729A (fr) * 1967-10-10 1968-11-22 Elément de revêtement décoratif et fonctionnel
DE2618529A1 (de) * 1976-04-28 1977-11-10 August Siebert Vorrichtung zur sicherung des unbeabsichtigten ueberfahrens des randstreifens von fahrbahnen, insbesondere autobahnen
GB2221234A (en) * 1988-07-27 1990-01-31 Univ Nottingham Grooved paving slabs

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2120857A1 (es) * 1995-05-29 1998-11-01 Ahmed Gumaa Bushara Sistema guia para ciegos.
WO2010037839A1 (fr) * 2008-10-02 2010-04-08 A-Design Ag Procédé de guidage de parcours d'un utilisateur dans un bâtiment
AT513140B1 (de) * 2008-10-02 2014-02-15 Design Ag A Verfahren zur wegleitung eines benutzers in einem gebäude
AT513140A5 (de) * 2008-10-02 2014-02-15 Design Ag A Verfahren zur wegleitung eines benutzers in einem gebäude

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2048524T3 (es) 1994-03-16
DE59100833D1 (de) 1994-02-24
ATE100170T1 (de) 1994-01-15
DE9005001U1 (de) 1990-09-20
EP0455202B1 (fr) 1994-01-12

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