EP0402940B1 - Verfahren zum Mischen von Textilfasern - Google Patents

Verfahren zum Mischen von Textilfasern Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0402940B1
EP0402940B1 EP90111350A EP90111350A EP0402940B1 EP 0402940 B1 EP0402940 B1 EP 0402940B1 EP 90111350 A EP90111350 A EP 90111350A EP 90111350 A EP90111350 A EP 90111350A EP 0402940 B1 EP0402940 B1 EP 0402940B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
component
components
properties
fiber
control
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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EP90111350A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0402940A2 (de
EP0402940A3 (de
Inventor
Jürg Faas
Roger Alther
Robert Moser
Robert Demuth
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Maschinenfabrik Rieter AG
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Maschinenfabrik Rieter AG
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Publication of EP0402940A2 publication Critical patent/EP0402940A2/de
Publication of EP0402940A3 publication Critical patent/EP0402940A3/de
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01G13/00—Mixing, e.g. blending, fibres; Mixing non-fibrous materials with fibres

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for mixing textile fibers, in which different types of fibers are removed from fiber bales of different provenance and mixed.
  • the previous methods of mixing consist either in that fiber bales from different origins are placed in a row and removed by means of a removal device which moves back and forth by loosening fiber flakes from the surface and transferring them to a means of transport or in that parts manually or mechanically lifted from fiber bales and fed one after the other on a conveyor belt to an opening machine in which these parts are broken down into fiber flakes and transferred to a means of transport.
  • Such means of transport can be mechanical or pneumatic and convey the fiber flakes into so-called mixing boxes, in which the delivered fibers are filled in as a flake mixture.
  • the fiber flake mixture is placed on a collective transport at different speeds in order to obtain a doubling effect in order to strive for homogenization of the fiber flake mixture.
  • the disadvantage of the first-mentioned removal and mixing process is, however, that the mixture, due to the stationary rows of bales, is unchangeable until such a row has been removed, so that the mixing ratio the same remains the same throughout this time, while the second removal and mixing process additionally exhibits the inaccuracy of the amount removed.
  • This measure allows fibers with different fiber properties, which are determined beforehand by taking samples from the fiber bale, to be mixed precisely in order to achieve the desired properties of an intermediate product, e.g. a card sliver, or an end product, e.g. to get a yarn.
  • an intermediate product e.g. a card sliver
  • an end product e.g. to get a yarn.
  • the fibers have individual fiber bales of different origins with different fiber properties.
  • the most important fiber properties are, for example, the thickness of the individual fibers (called micronaire), the so-called stack (length of the fibers over the range from the shortest to the longest fiber, taking into account the percentage of the individual fiber lengths), the color in the sense of the basic color of the fibers (Yellow tinge), the color based on the contamination of the fiber, the fiber strength (of the individual fibers) and the extensibility of the fibers.
  • the fiber properties mentioned play a different role, so that the contributions of the individual components to the properties of the mixture or of the yarn produced therefrom must be taken into account when mixing the fiber bales.
  • the fineness of the fiber is high (micronaire) and the fiber has a high strength.
  • Other important parameters are the colors of the individual fiber provenances, which determine the appearance of the yarn.
  • the elasticity of the individual fiber provenances also plays an important role because it influences the subsequent weaving process.
  • the pile length plays a much smaller role in contrast to fine yarns and it is essential for these yarns that the dust is removed completely, since otherwise the rotor grooves can be contaminated.
  • This process enables the spinning mill management to choose the quantitative component distribution according to the inventory and according to customer requirements, taking into account both the properties of the fibers of the individual components and the desired properties of the product made from the fiber mixture.
  • the properties of the fibers of the individual components can be determined by laboratory tests of the individual fiber bales or on-line. It is also possible to provide each fiber bale with a code that indicates the properties of the material contained therein.
  • the method just described can also be carried out by additionally specifying d) at least one control priority in the case of feature I), in the sense that compliance with at least one component component or a card sliver or yarn property has priority.
  • the spinning mill management can ensure, for example, that the yarn produced contains at least a certain percentage of an inexpensive fiber component or has a dirt content that does not exceed predetermined limit values.
  • the method can then easily be carried out in such a way that a weighting is also specified for each control priority listed. This weighting can also be specified by the order of the information.
  • At least some of the desired card sliver or yarn properties can be measured during the card sliver or yarn production and communicated to the control system, the control system recalculating the component distribution in the event of deviations from the specification in relation to the measured properties.
  • fluctuations in the properties of the fibers of the individual components are taken into account. For example, it can easily happen that the samples taken from the particular fiber bales are not representative of the properties of the entire bale. Such occurrences are also taken into account by the procedure according to the invention.
  • the properties measured during the production of the card sliver or yarn should only be taken into account by the control after a corresponding averaging.
  • the calculation of the component division is preferably carried out according to the principle of the minimum deviations or the minimal weighted deviations from the target specification.
  • the control can also be used at the same time to set a coarse cleaning unit that is switched between a bale removal machine and the mixer, the setting of the coarse cleaning unit influencing the card sliver or yarn properties and thereby also the calculation of the component distribution.
  • a coarse cleaning unit or a fine cleaning unit can also lead to a falsification of the mixture, which can only be taken into account if the regulation takes into account the effect of the cleaning unit.
  • the invention therefore provides that the control system takes into account the setting of the existing cleaning unit or cleaning units when calculating the component distribution.
  • control does not influence the setting of the fine cleaning unit, it should at least receive information about the setting of the fine cleaning unit in order to carry out the calculation of the component distribution in a manner that is appropriate to the process.
  • the method according to the invention provides that the control system coordinates the readjustment of the component distribution and the can change at the card exit, so that the transition from one assortment to the next takes place without any significant interruption and with minimal product loss.
  • a change of can can be carried out immediately upon initiation of this assortment change or shortly afterwards at the card exit, at a time when one can be sure that the card sliver produced still has the desired properties of the previous assortment.
  • a jug is used, which takes up the card sliver until the card sliver with the desired properties of the new range is obtained at the card exit.
  • the regulation causes another can change, the new can taking up the card sliver of the new range.
  • the card sliver produced during the range change can be reused as a mixing component, ie it can be fed back into the mixer. If this takes place in smaller percentages, it does not lead to any noteworthy falsification of the desired product, and the regulation is able to keep the properties of the product within the selected provenances.
  • This solution according to the invention is particularly important because it takes into account the purchase prices of the fiber components and produces a fiber mixture whose price is at a minimum.
  • Particular variants of this method can be found in the further claims 16 to 20. These variants of the process enable the spinning mill management to play through the effects of various wishes or wishes and show in a transparent manner whether the realization of these wishes is associated with special disadvantages, for example too far from optimal production.
  • Claim 20 is of particular importance since it takes into account that the real price of the material differs from the purchase price. For example, if a material costs $ 1 / kg but contains 7% dirt (dust, shell parts, etc.). Then it has a real price of $ 1 for 930 g, equal to $ 1.075 / kg. A second component with a purchase price of $ 1.05 / kg, but which only contains 2 g of dirt, has a real price of $ 1.071 / kg and is actually less expensive than the first component, although after a direct comparison of the purchase prices another impression arises.
  • the program according to the invention for calculating the ideal mixtures contains the price of the individual components as a basic specification and even minimizes the total price of the fiber mixture as a step in the optimization process, it is preferred not to use the direct purchase prices for the materials, but rather to use adjusted values which correspond to the Take into account the dirt content of the material. If the dirt is considered as a fiber property, ie as an input variable, since it ultimately also represents a property of the respective component, then the The computer determines the adjusted prices before it calculates the optimized component distribution.
  • the invention also includes devices for carrying out the above-described and claimed methods, in particular using a computer which carries out the regulation.
  • FIG. 1 shows a number of conveyor belts 1 for receiving fiber bales 2 which are removed by fiber bale removal elements 3.
  • the respective fiber bale removal member moves on stationary rails which are arranged, for example, in the diagonal direction of the fiber bales 2 located on the conveyor belt.
  • a device identified here by reference numeral 20
  • the device shown and described in EP-A-327885 could be used, in which the removal member 3 can be moved up and down, as well as for, on a removal device (not shown) which can be moved back and forth along horizontal bales 2 the diagonal removal can be tilted.
  • the removal rate in both removal devices can be controlled by changing the displacement speed of the fiber bale removal member 3 along the above-mentioned diagonal path, as well as by changing the feed speed of the fiber bale 2 by means of a variable speed of the individual conveyor belt 1.
  • the fiber flakes detached from the removal drum 4 are in a known manner by a pneumatic Conveying line 5, which is not further described here, transported away.
  • the fiber flakes are conveyed into a mixer 6 and mixed therein to form a uniform mixture.
  • the quantities conveyed into the mixer 6 by means of these individual pneumatic conveying lines 5 are hereinafter referred to as fiber flake components or simply components.
  • Batch mixers or continuous mixers can be used as mixers; depending on the quantities mentioned are individual weight batches (kg) or a running quantity per unit of time (kg / h).
  • the delivery lines 5 in FIG. 1 schematically open directly into the mixer 6, which is also shown schematically, but in practice this can vary depending on the type of mixer.
  • air-fiber separators can be used to separate the respective fiber-air mixture from one another, so that the fiber flakes can fall into the mixer in free fall, while the air can be led into an exhaust air line.
  • Such separators are well known from practice and are therefore not shown here in particular.
  • the stated quantities of the aforementioned individual fiber flake components which are added to the mixer 6 are controlled by a controller 7 on the basis of a control program.
  • Such a control program can be a computer program be, which has a component mixing program that adapt to adapt to changes in the mixture, respectively. is changeable.
  • Another variant would be a digital control for each component, in which the performance of the individual components was selected manually. could be changed.
  • the functions relevant for the removal performance of the components e.g. the feed speed of the respective conveyor belt 1 or the removal movement of the fiber bale removal member 3 is controlled by one or the other controller.
  • the pneumatic conveying lines do not have to convey the removed product directly into the mixer, but that mechanical conveying elements are interposed, for example conveyor belts.
  • the fiber air separators mentioned place their fiber product in such mechanical conveying elements.
  • Each fiber removal member 3 is connected to the controller 7 via a control line 8 and each conveyor belt 1 via a control line 19.
  • Figure 2 shows a variant of Figure 1, but in which the same elements have the same reference numerals.
  • the pneumatic conveyor lines 5 promote the removed fibers.
  • Fiber flakes, also called product, are not directly in the mixer 6 but in component cells 9, from which the product filled therein is in each case discharged by means of a discharge device 10 and fed into the mixer 6 by means of a subsequent metering device 11.
  • the discharge rate from the individual component cells 9 is controlled by a controller 7.1, which controls the individual metering devices 11 and 11 by means of control lines 12. as a variant, which controls the discharge apparatus 10.
  • the metering devices 11 can each be controlled by means of a control line 13 via the dispensing devices 10 in order to coordinate the dispensing with the metering.
  • the discharge apparatus could also be controlled directly by the controller 7.1.
  • the component cells 9 are filled, for example, by fullness detectors provided in each cell 14 and controlled by vacancy detectors 15 by means of a controller 16.
  • the controller 16 for the reciprocating movement of the removal elements 3 is connected by control lines 17 each to the fiber bale removal elements 3 and by control lines 18 each to the drive motors of the conveyor belts 1.
  • FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment in which the same elements already shown and described with FIG. 2 have the same reference numerals. This applies to the fiber bales 2, the component cells 9, the discharge apparatus 10, the metering apparatus 11, the mixer 6 as well as the control 7.1 and the control lines 12 and 13.
  • the fiber bales 2 which are here directly on the floor, these are also set up in groups which correspond to the respective provenance of the fiber bales.
  • the removal is done by a mobile fiber bale removal device 20, which runs along the fiber bale groups and from the surface of fibers or. Removes flakes of fiber.
  • a mobile fiber bale removal device 20 which runs along the fiber bale groups and from the surface of fibers or. Removes flakes of fiber.
  • Such a device is known in the spinning industry under the name "Unifloc" and is sold by the applicant worldwide.
  • this fiber bale removal device 20 conveys the removed fibers via a pneumatic conveying line 21 into the corresponding component cells 9.
  • This control is via a control line 24 connected to the fiber bale removal device 20 and controls the removal of the fiber flakes from the corresponding fiber bale groups for the filling of the corresponding component cells 9.
  • the fiber bale removal device 20 has a fiber removal member 23, known per se from the Unifloc, which removes the fibers from the bale surfaces by means of a removal drum (not shown) rotating therein.
  • the fiber bale removal member 22 can be rotated through 180 degrees as indicated by the arrows M that the fiber bale removal member can remove the fiber bale group 2 on the opposite side. This makes it possible that either one of the opposite fiber bale groups is used as a reserve fiber bale group or that with an automatic, aforementioned possibility of rotation of the fiber bale removal device 20, both opposite bale rows can be removed with a predetermined variation.
  • FIG. 4 shows a variant of FIG. 3, so that the elements already described and shown with FIG. 3 have the same reference numerals.
  • control is with 22.1 instead of with 22 characterized, since four individual fiber bale removal devices 20 are each to be controlled separately by means of the corresponding control line 24.
  • a pneumatic conveying line is provided for each fiber bale removal device 20, which is accordingly identified with 21.1 instead of 21 and each opens into a component cell 9.
  • FIG. 5 shows an arrangement similar to FIG. 1, in which instead of the single conveyor belt 1 per bale group of FIG. 1, a conveyor belt 30 with a purely conveying function and a conveyor belt 31 with a conveying / weighing function, per fiber bale group, is provided for each bale group.
  • the weighing function of the latter conveyor belt can be provided, for example, by supporting the axes of the deflecting rollers of the conveyor belt 31 on pressure sockets 32 known per se, each of which emits a signal 33 corresponding to the weight, which is sent via a control line 33 to a controller 7.2 processing the signals is forwarded.
  • the processing of the above-mentioned signals consists in the control 7.2 working out the control signals therefrom which controls the motors of the conveyor belts 30 and 31 mentioned above and the removal elements 3 via control lines 34.
  • controller 7.2 controls the fiber removal elements 3 and the conveyor belts 30 and 31 at predetermined speeds in order to remove fibers from the fiber bales 2, which are conveyed into the mixer 6 by means of pneumatic conveyor lines 5.
  • Each fiber bale removal member 3 of the individual fiber bale groups conveys a predetermined amount controlled by the control 7.2 into the mixer 6.
  • This predetermined amount to be removed (bp / h) per bale group is monitored and monitored by the respective weighing conveyor belt 31 or by the pressure-dose weighing device 31 converted into signals and delivered to the controller via the control lines 33. If the quantity (kp / h) removed per fiber bale group does not match the specified quantity, the control adjusts the quantity to be removed until it matches the specified quantity.
  • measurement is always carried out via the measuring device 32 when the fiber bale removal member is at a standstill for a brief moment at the turning point of the back and forth removal path.
  • the fiber bale removal member 3 always moves back and forth on the same path, essentially lying in the diagonal of the fiber bale to be removed. back and forth.
  • the amount (kg / h) of the fibers to be removed from the bales is generated by means of the feed speed of the conveyor belts 30 and 31 and removal member 3.
  • the controller 7.2 can be an electronic controller be based on the analog technology or a microprocessor, by means of which the different quantities removed per bale group can be set and adapted by the signals of the control lines 33 and input signals explained later.
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 show a weighing system similar to FIG. 5, FIG. 7 being a top view of FIG. 6, in the direction of the arrow A.
  • bale groups that are arranged side by side and each form a mixing component.
  • the fiber bales 2 each lie on a conveyor belt 40 and a weighing conveyor 41 connected to it.
  • Each weighing conveyor 41 can be supported, analogously to the weighing conveyor 31 of FIG. 5, on load cells 42, of which a signal corresponding to the weight can be used a control line 43 is delivered to a controller 44.
  • the fiber bales 2 located on the weighing conveyor 41 are removed by fiber bale removal device 48 in accordance with EP-A-327885, which has already been mentioned in connection with FIG.
  • the difference essentially consists in a long fiber bale removal member 49, which extends over the predetermined number of bale rows, with a removal drum 51 which simultaneously removes fibers from all of the predetermined bale rows shown in FIG. 7.
  • the fiber removal member 49 removes in an oblique removal path which essentially corresponds to the diagonal of a predetermined number of fiber bales 2 lined up, for example, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, of four fiber bales 2.
  • bales can also be removed obliquely in this way, for example only one, as is shown with FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the fiber material removed by the fiber removal member 49 is conveyed in a pneumatic conveying line 50, which opens into a continuous mixer 45. As described for FIG. 1, the conveying line 50 can open into a separator (not shown), which discharges the product into the mixer 45.
  • the fiber bale removal device 48 is controlled by the controller 44 via the control line 46 with respect to the driving speed.
  • Another control line 47 is used to control the drive motors of the deflecting rollers of the control belts 40 and 41.
  • each deflection rollers of the conveyor belts 40 and 41 (not particularly marked) of each bale group have a separate drive motor, ie that each motor has a control line 47 for control 44 separately.
  • the controller 44 controls the back and forth movement of the fiber bale removal device 48 along the bales located on the weighing conveyor 41 and the up and down movement of the fiber bale removal member 49 on the device 48 during the aforementioned back and forth movement, so that the fiber bale as shown in FIG. 6 in an inclined direction substantially corresponding to the diagonal of the four bales 2.
  • This removal movement always runs in the same path and at a predetermined speed, so that the removal quantities (kg / h) of the individual fiber bale groups can be selected differently by the individual feed speeds of the conveyor belts 40 and 41.
  • These different feed speeds of the individual bale groups correspond to a removal program with different amounts (kg / h) of the individual bale groups to be removed in order to obtain the mixture mentioned.
  • the drive motors for the conveyor belts 40 and 41 are drum motors which are installed in the deflection rollers of the conveyor belts.
  • Such drum motors can be operated at different frequencies by means of frequency inverters, i.e. are driven at different speeds, which is part of the controller 44.
  • the controller 44 can be an analog or digital controller by means of which the quantities of the individual components are controlled. These quantities are corrected by means of the pressure sensor signals, which are input through the control line 43 of the control 44, if the individual component quantity does not correspond to the target specification.
  • FIG. 8 shows an extension of the method described so far, in which it is shown that after the mixer 6 the product coming from this mixer is put into a so-called blowroom 60, in which cleaning machines known per se are used.
  • the blowroom 60 can contain so-called coarse cleaning machines 61 and fine cleaning machines 62. This blow room, like the previous one, is only shown schematically.
  • the card 63 following the blowroom which can be a card known per se, for example the card C4 sold worldwide by the applicant.
  • This card 63 is provided with a control 64, which is known per se and controls the card functions, which, among other functions, also has the function of ensuring the uniformity and the amount (kg / h) of the card sliver.
  • the card sliver is checked by a color sensor 65 and by a sensor for measuring the fiber fineness 66.
  • the color testing device 65 outputs a signal 67 corresponding to the color of the card sliver and the fiber fineness testing device 66 outputs a signal 68 corresponding to the fiber fineness to the control devices 7; 7.1; 7.2; 44 mentioned in connection with FIGS. 1 to 7 , each of which controls the control of the individual fiber components.
  • a further signal 81 corresponding to the card sliver quantity (kg / h) is also sent from the card control 64 to the controls 7; 7.1; 7.2; 44 entered.
  • the product discharged from the mixer 6 is conveyed to the blowroom 60 via a conveyor system 69 and to the card 63 from the blowroom 60 via a conveyor system 70.
  • Such conveyor systems can be mechanical or pneumatic, it is also known per se that conveyor systems exist between fine cleaning and coarse cleaning machines.
  • the method is likewise not restricted to a single blowroom 60 and a single card 63 after the mixer 6, but a plurality of blowrooms 60 can either be after the mixer 6 and several cards 63 are loaded with the product of the mixer 6 or if a blowroom is provided after the mixer 6, several cards 63 can be loaded with the product of the blowroom 60.
  • a color test device 65 and / or a fiber fineness test device 66 can optionally be provided after each card, or there is also the possibility if several cards process the same product that only one so-called guide card has these latter two test devices.
  • FIG. 9 shows the possibility of providing the blowroom 60 between the fiber removal and the component cells 9, so that an already cleaned fiber material in the component cells 9 is available for the mixture.
  • the conveying device from the fiber bale removal device 20 to the blowroom 60 basically corresponds to the pneumatic conveying line 21, whereby in this case too pneumatic conveyance is not mandatory but can be mechanical.
  • the conveyor between the blowroom 60 and the component cells 9 can also be a pneumatic conveyor line, as indicated by 21, but it can be any conveyor system. The process is not restricted to any conveyor system.
  • blowroom 60 is not restricted to the combination with the arrangement from FIG. 3. It is understood that everybody's fiber components arrangements shown in the figures, with the exception of FIGS. 6 and 7, can first be cleaned and then get into the mixer 6. It is only a matter of effort, since a cleaning shop must be provided for each of the components in FIGS. 1, 2, 4 and 5.
  • FIG. 10 shows a variant of the method from FIG. 9, in that the blow room is divided into a rough cleaning with the cleaning machines 61 and one into a fine cleaning with the fine cleaning machines 71, each of which is preceded by a storage container 72 (for the sake of simplicity only one is marked).
  • the fine cleaning machines 71 are started or stopped by a controller 73, namely stopped on the basis of a vacancy indicator 74 and started on the basis of a full status indicator 75 (only one is identified). These full and vacancy detectors emit their signals to the control 73 via the lines 76 and 77.
  • the coarse cleaning machines 61 are loaded by means of a fiber transport 78, which can correspond to the pneumatic conveying line 21 from FIG. 9 or to any fiber conveying known per se.
  • the fine cleaning machines each pass their products on to a component mixing cell 9, as has already been described for FIGS. 2 to 4 and for FIG. 9.
  • the components are cleaned individually, accordingly, the vacancy detectors 15 of the individual component cells 9 request the removal of fibers from the corresponding fiber bale group a or b or c or d in order to clean these removed fibers in the coarse cleaning machine and pass them on to the corresponding storage container 72 , which delivers the specified component to the subsequent fine cleaning machines 71.
  • This product request by the empty detector 15 occurs because the corresponding fine cleaning machine no longer supplied a product, since the empty space detector 74 in the storage container 72 had also reported empty space. Accordingly, the corresponding group a to d is removed until the corresponding fullness indicator 75 reports fullness to the removed component. The corresponding fine cleaning machine can thus be put into operation again until the fullness detector 14 reports fullness again to the corresponding component cell 9.
  • the fiber transport 80 between the mixer 6 and the card 63 can correspond to a fiber transport which is identified and described as 70 in FIG.
  • a mixer 6 can operate several cards, so that the Fiber transport 80 transports the product delivered by the mixer to the appropriate number of cards.
  • FIG. 11 is designed in particular for the embodiment according to FIG. 2.
  • the fiber bale removal device 20 removes various components and delivers them to the respectively assigned component cell 9 of a mixer 6.
  • the fiber bale removal device 20 removes various components and delivers them to the respectively assigned component cell 9 of a mixer 6.
  • the fiber bale removal device 20 removes various components and delivers them to the respectively assigned component cell 9 of a mixer 6.
  • eight different components are provided here, but the principle is the same.
  • the metering devices 11 of the individual component cells 9 are not shown in FIG. 11, but are controlled by the control 7.1 via control lines 12 in accordance with the embodiment according to FIG. 2.
  • the mixed product of the HF mixer then leads to a coarse cleaning unit 61 and the coarsely cleaned product is then led to a first fine cleaning unit 62.1 and then to a further fine cleaning unit 62.2.
  • These cleaning units are not shown in the embodiment of FIG. 2, but they can also be provided there in the same way.
  • the finely cleaned starting product of the fine cleaning unit 62.2 is then fed into the filling shafts of six cards 63.1 working in parallel.
  • Two of the six cards are provided with fiber fineness measuring devices (Micronaire), the output signals 68 of which lead to the control 7.1.
  • Two further cards are provided with color checking devices 65 for the on-line measurement of the color of the card sliver, the corresponding signals 67 also being fed into the regulation 7.1.
  • a further signal 81 corresponding to the card sliver production (kg / h) is fed into the control by the card control 7.1 fed.
  • the control 7.1 consists of two main blocks (100, 101), the block 100 recording the inputs of the spinning mill management, for example on an input keyboard (102), and calculating the actual control parameters from this.
  • Provenance data on the individual fiber components in the individual shafts 9 of the mixer are initially described in more detail on the keyboard 102. These components are marked in FIG. 11 with X1 to X8 and for each component the control 7.1 receives data, for example about the fineness of the fibers (micronaire), the stack of fibers, the degree of contamination, the strength, etc. These details are in the memory represented by field 104.
  • the arrow 106 indicates that the corresponding data can not only be entered manually, but possibly via a line from the bale management, which is shown here as field 108.
  • the field 108 could be a code reading device that reads coded information about the properties of the fibers of the respective bales of the individual provenances and feeds the corresponding signals into the control 7.1 via the line 106.
  • control 7.1 receives a desired idea of the spinning tour via the component division of the individual components X1 to X8 via the input keyboard 102.
  • This desired idea of the division of components is recorded in a memory, which is identified by 110.
  • the spinning mill management can take into account, for example, the inventory of the individual components and the need to recycle a certain amount of waste.
  • the exit is specified as component X8, of which a 3% share should appear in the card sliver according to your wishes.
  • the desired component distribution must reflect the inventory on the one hand, but also the desired card sliver product on the other.
  • Regulation 7.1 also receives information on the desired card sliver properties, i.e. the permissible ranges of these card sliver properties, which are stored in a memory, which is represented by the reference number 112.
  • the desired card sliver properties can be, for example, properties such as fineness, stack, color, stretchability, price, etc., the number of properties is not limited, but the controller algorithm only has to be designed in such a way that all the properties entered can also be taken into account.
  • the field 114 represents a priority memory which contains a specific order of the control priorities.
  • the fineness of the card sliver is in the first place, in the second the stack, in the third place the need to use 3% waste in the form of component X8, in fourth place the color and in fifth place the wish if possible 25% Component X1 to process, because this component has been purchased inexpensively.
  • the order of the information also represents a weighting of the rule priorities. However, there is also the possibility for each priority specify a special weighting. Properties that are not specifically listed as priorities are then weighted by the control with a priority of zero.
  • the content of the respective memory fields 104, 110, 112, 114 can preferably also be displayed on a screen, so that the user can immediately recognize which information is currently decisive for the regulation. If desired, all fields can be displayed on the screen at the same time or selectively only individual fields, possibly with additional comments, if this is desired by the user.
  • the control 7.1 or more precisely the microprocessor 100, then calculates a component distribution which, taking into account the provenance data of the individual components and the control priorities, possibly taking into account the weighting of the control priorities, provides a card sliver with properties lying within the desired ranges and the desired component distribution comes closest.
  • the calculation of this component division is indicated with the field 116 of the microprocessor 100.
  • the calculation of these control parameters, ie the division of components, which is preferably expressed in mass flows, is carried out in such a way that the sum of the deviations, weighted according to priorities, between the default values and the actual values is as small as possible.
  • the values from the desired component distribution are also considered as default values, usually with a low priority weighting.
  • This special method ie the consideration of the values of the desired component division as a default value, ensures according to the invention that the control loop is always mathematically overdetermined, so that optimization with a clear result is possible.
  • the controller parameters or mass flows of the individual provenances X1 to X8 calculated in field 116 then form the target values for a control circuit 118, which ensures that the corresponding mass flow values are actually maintained.
  • these card sliver properties can be included in the control 118, which can be seen with the corresponding signals 68, 67, 61 in Fig. 11 is indicated. If these values lie outside the tolerance ranges specified in the memory 112, the component parts X1 to X8, i.e. the corresponding mass flows are recalculated according to the principle of minimal weighted deviations from card sliver properties and component distribution, taking into account the actual deviations from the card sliver properties, at least as far as the micronary and color values are concerned.
  • the coarse cleaning machine is a very gentle cleaning method with regard to fiber damage, but essentially only eliminates the coarse impurities, so that the rather finer impurities have to be removed in the aggressive fine cleaning machines, but this includes the possibility of fiber damage.
  • rough cleaning there is also the possibility that relatively short-staple fibers are removed with the dirt, i.e. are lost, so that the setting of the coarse cleaning unit can also cause a change in the stack of the finished card sliver.
  • FIG. 12 shows one way of taking this into account, in which, in contrast to FIG. 11, the coarse cleaning unit 61 is arranged between the fiber bale removal device 20 and the mixer 6.
  • the control 7.1 is essentially the same as the corresponding control of FIG. 11, only the microprocessor 100 receives a message via line 120 about the actual setting of the Coarse cleaning unit. This setting is taken into account when calculating the control parameters in field 116, with a view to the possible separation of short-staple fibers and of coarse dirt. It is also possible to control the coarse cleaning unit via line 122 from 116 so that short-staple fibers and / or dirt are eliminated.
  • the coarse cleaning unit is inserted between the fiber bale removal device 20 and the mixer 6, it may also be sensible to measure the provenance data using samples taken from the cells 9 and to first enter these values into the memory 104, since this way the effect of the Coarse cleaning unit with regard to the stack of the individual components and with regard to the dirt content of the individual provenances can easily take into account.
  • the fine cleaning units 62.1 and 62.2 are switched on one after the other between the mixer 6 and the cards 63.1 operated in parallel.
  • the sensors and actuators for the coarse cleaning unit are connected to the computer 100, but this is not absolutely necessary.
  • a separate control can be provided for the cleaning machine, but here it is important that the product is examined after the rough cleaning unit in order to take into account the effect of the unit with regard to stack changes and dirt removal in the individual components.
  • the computer 100 can find out the actual settings of the fine cleaning units via lines 124, 126 and therefore also take into account the effect of the fine cleaning unit with regard to dirt removal and fiber damage, and stack reductions. Via the lines 128, 130, the computer 100 can also control the fine cleaning units in such a way that the desired degree of dirt removal takes place and that the stack reductions that occur remain within predetermined limits.
  • FIG. 14 shows a control method corresponding to FIG. 11, with an automatic range change being carried out there from the range control 7.1.
  • the card sliver properties, control priorities and the desired component distribution, which have been adapted to the changed yarn requirements, are first re-entered and new control parameters are calculated from them. After the "start pressure" to change the range, the following procedure then takes place.
  • the metering devices in the mixer 6 are reset for the individual components, so that the new range appears at the outlet of the mixer.
  • a production-dependent material throughput time is then waited, which in a practical example is approximately 2 minutes, and a can change is then automatically initiated via control line 132.
  • the cans at the exit of the cards, which are (partly) filled with the old range are exchanged for new cans, which then take up the card sliver of a transition range with changing properties.
  • the card's sensors for example those for micronaire and color, can be used to determine how long these property changes last or when the properties have stabilized.
  • the control system carries out the corresponding examination on the basis of the signals received via lines 87 and 67.
  • an automatic can change is carried out again for all cards.
  • the content of the cans partially filled during the change in properties is to be regarded as a belt outlet and can be used, for example, for the outlet component X8.
  • the cans used after the stabilization of the change in properties are given a card sliver from the new range, which is then spun into yarn.
  • the component parts, ie mass flows X1 to X8, are fed via the control line 12 to the metering devices of the individual Component cells of mixer 6 created.
  • the corresponding signals are also used, for example, in the case of arrangements according to FIG. 1 for controlling the bale removal elements 3 and / or the conveying elements 1, so that the control can also divide the range of components in this way.
  • the starting point for this process variant is the desire to mix a predetermined number of fiber components, the quality characteristics and the price of each fiber component being known.
  • This process also presupposes that the quality of the resulting mixture is at least known as a wish.
  • the quality of the mixture means the properties of the fiber mixture, which are reflected, for example, in the properties of the card sliver or the finished yarn.
  • the composition of the mixture is to be determined which comes closest to the desired idea and which is at best minimal in price.
  • the mathematical side can be explained as follows:
  • y [y1, y2, ..., yn] '; y denotes a column vector with the vector components y1, y2, to yn.
  • Eq. (1) cannot be solved (e.g. if there are more quality features than mixture components), then at least the mixture c that comes closest to the required quality should be determined.
  • the method to be used is well known, it is the equalization calculation.
  • the task is solved step by step.
  • Steps 1 and 2 are carried out until the secondary conditions Eq. (5) are not violated in step 1.
  • the process terminates at the latest when all components of c are set to fixed values by hand.
  • FIGS. 15 to 20 show what the mathematical calculations discussed above based on a few concrete examples now look like.
  • the middle part of the table shows the result of a first optimization using the mathematical method described above.
  • the same values are also given for the mixture itself, i.e. Stack of the mixture, fineness of the mixture, color value a of the mixture, color value b of the mixture and price of the mixture.
  • the values given first in this display are the actually calculated values (step 1). Particular attention should be paid to the S and W values given in brackets after each entry. Namely, these are the target values S and the weighting values W. These values are entered into the computer before the optimization is carried out, for example using the keyboard 102 in FIG. 11.
  • the target value for the batch of mixture 16, for the fineness of mixture 4, for the color value a 1, for the color value b 3 and for the price of the mixture is 0, since the target price is as low as possible being held.
  • the color value a has a Weighting 0, since in this example all color values a have the same value 1, so that a change in the color value a of the mixture cannot be achieved with this mixture because changes in the percentages of the individual components do not lead to a change in the color value of the mixture. Therefore, the weighting is completely irrelevant here and is given as zero.
  • the weighting of the price has also been intentionally set relatively low, to prevent the calculator from overvaluing the price. If one did not use such a trick, there would be a great risk that the computer program would lead to an excessive proportion of the inexpensive component x5, with large compromises in the other technical values, which are ultimately decisive for the marketability of the fiber product.
  • the computer program endeavors to keep the loss function as small as possible and actually to keep it zero.
  • the proportions for the individual components are calculated, which are given under the designation "mixture vector C1". It is striking here that the information on the proportion of component x3 is negative, which would not be possible in practice, because in order to achieve this, one would have to subtract a quantity of x3 from the mixture, which would not be sensible or hardly feasible.
  • the computer carries out post-optimization, ie a correction of the calculated values.
  • the computer endeavors to keep the value of the loss function as small as possible, taking into account the additional boundary conditions that x3 must be zero.
  • the computer comes to a corrected component division, the proportions of x1, x2, x3, x4, x5, x6 being 0.4536, 0.3101, 0.0171, 0.014, 0.0791.
  • the values for the stack, the fineness, the color values and the price that are now printed out are also interesting for the operator. He immediately sees that the calculated properties of the fiber mixture, i.e. of the card sliver or yarn are very close to the specified target values. He also notices that the price has dropped only slightly from 2,581 to 2,631 due to the elimination of component x3.
  • the result of the fine tuning also shows the value of the loss function as zero. In fact, this value is not zero, but simply so low that it is not displayed in the program used.
  • the same example has been calculated again, the weighting all being increased by a factor of 1000.
  • the result of this variant is then shown in Table II of FIG. 16. Here you can see that with otherwise unchanged information in the upper and middle part of the table, the loss function is now shown with the value 0.135.
  • Table II shows the result of post-optimization, which, however, was carried out differently from the information in Table 1.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
EP90111350A 1989-06-16 1990-06-15 Verfahren zum Mischen von Textilfasern Expired - Lifetime EP0402940B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE3919746 1989-06-16
DE3919746A DE3919746A1 (de) 1989-06-16 1989-06-16 Verfahren zum mischen von textilfasern

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EP0402940A2 EP0402940A2 (de) 1990-12-19
EP0402940A3 EP0402940A3 (de) 1992-01-08
EP0402940B1 true EP0402940B1 (de) 1997-03-05

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EP (1) EP0402940B1 (cs)
JP (1) JPH03213523A (cs)
KR (1) KR910001110A (cs)
CN (1) CN1049691A (cs)
AU (1) AU5700890A (cs)
CA (1) CA2019068A1 (cs)
CS (1) CS300490A2 (cs)
DD (1) DD297463A5 (cs)
DE (2) DE3919746A1 (cs)
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IT1255284B (it) * 1991-06-12 1995-10-26 Truetzschler & Co Procedimento e dispositivo per l'asportazione e il mescolamento di fibre tessili per esempio di cotone,fibre artificiali o simili
DE4415796B4 (de) * 1994-05-05 2008-05-08 TRüTZSCHLER GMBH & CO. KG Ballenabtragverfahren und Vorrichtung zum Abtragen für in mindestens einer Reihe aufgestellten Faserballen
US5805452A (en) * 1996-08-01 1998-09-08 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture System and method for materials process control
DE19722582A1 (de) * 1996-08-08 1998-02-12 Truetzschler Gmbh & Co Kg Verfahren und Vorrichtung in einer Spinnereivorbereitungsanlage (Putzerei) zum Erkennen und Auswerten von Fremdstoffen
DE19651891B4 (de) * 1996-12-13 2006-10-05 TRüTZSCHLER GMBH & CO. KG Verfahren und Vorrichtung an einer Karde, Krempel o. dgl. zur Verarbeitung von Textilfasern, z. B. Baumwolle, Chemiefasern o. dgl.
DE19744443C1 (de) * 1997-10-08 1998-10-08 Windmoeller & Hoelscher Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erkennung von bei Extrudern oder Dosiereinrichtungen eingesetzten Schnecken
US6130752A (en) 1998-03-20 2000-10-10 Prisma Fibers, Inc. On-line color monitoring and control system and method
US6442803B1 (en) * 2001-02-14 2002-09-03 Raymond Keith Foster Method of producing blends of cotton lint
US20030199112A1 (en) * 2002-03-22 2003-10-23 Applied Materials, Inc. Copper wiring module control
CN102618970A (zh) * 2012-03-27 2012-08-01 邯郸纺织机械有限公司 精准混纤配色方法及设备
CH710258A1 (de) * 2014-10-16 2016-04-29 Rieter Ag Maschf Ballenöffner.
CN105177771B (zh) * 2015-08-14 2018-01-05 李先登 高效超大时空混棉机
WO2017059505A1 (en) * 2015-10-09 2017-04-13 Ww Sistemas Inteligentes Ltda - Me Cotton mixes homogenization without categorizing bales in inventory
CH712382A1 (de) * 2016-04-21 2017-10-31 Rieter Ag Maschf Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Ballenöffners und Ballenöffner.
CH713861A1 (de) * 2017-06-08 2018-12-14 Rieter Ag Maschf Produktionssteuerung in einer Putzerei.
DE102019002233A1 (de) * 2019-03-28 2020-10-01 Hubert Hergeth Parallelwaage
CN115491794A (zh) * 2022-11-01 2022-12-20 盐城金大纺织机械制造有限公司 一种混合环式的交叉混纺系统
CH720833A1 (de) * 2023-06-06 2024-12-13 Rieter Ag Maschf Verfahren zur Kontrolle und Einstellung der Fasermischung einer Faservorbereitungsmaschine

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CN1049691A (zh) 1991-03-06
JPH03213523A (ja) 1991-09-18
DD297463A5 (de) 1992-01-09
CS300490A2 (en) 1991-11-12
IE902176A1 (en) 1991-01-02
EP0402940A2 (de) 1990-12-19
DE59010657D1 (de) 1997-04-10
ZA904656B (en) 1991-05-29
KR910001110A (ko) 1991-01-30
CA2019068A1 (en) 1990-12-16
IE902176L (en) 1990-12-16
DE3919746A1 (de) 1990-12-20
AU5700890A (en) 1990-12-20
EP0402940A3 (de) 1992-01-08
US5282141A (en) 1994-01-25

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