EP0379712B1 - Dispositif de pliage en accordéon d'une bande de papier - Google Patents

Dispositif de pliage en accordéon d'une bande de papier Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0379712B1
EP0379712B1 EP89123624A EP89123624A EP0379712B1 EP 0379712 B1 EP0379712 B1 EP 0379712B1 EP 89123624 A EP89123624 A EP 89123624A EP 89123624 A EP89123624 A EP 89123624A EP 0379712 B1 EP0379712 B1 EP 0379712B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
paper web
guide
folding
feed
nip
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89123624A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0379712A1 (fr
Inventor
Edwin Straub
Werner Schmidlin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Faltex AG
Original Assignee
Faltex AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Faltex AG filed Critical Faltex AG
Publication of EP0379712A1 publication Critical patent/EP0379712A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0379712B1 publication Critical patent/EP0379712B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65HHANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H45/00Folding thin material
    • B65H45/12Folding articles or webs with application of pressure to define or form crease lines
    • B65H45/20Zig-zag folders
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65HHANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H45/00Folding thin material
    • B65H45/12Folding articles or webs with application of pressure to define or form crease lines
    • B65H45/14Buckling folders
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65HHANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2701/00Handled material; Storage means
    • B65H2701/10Handled articles or webs
    • B65H2701/11Dimensional aspect of article or web
    • B65H2701/112Section geometry
    • B65H2701/1123Folded article or web
    • B65H2701/11231Fan-folded material or zig-zag or leporello

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for zigzag-shaped folding of a paper web according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such a device is known for example from DE-PS 21 34 898.
  • the paper web to be folded is guided against this surface through the backstop provided in the feeder in a plane which is approximately at right angles to a circumferential surface.
  • the leading edge region of the paper web is deflected in the circumferential direction and fed to a first folding nip formed by this surface and a folding roller.
  • a further folding roller is provided symmetrically with respect to the plane mentioned, which also forms a folding gap together with the surface.
  • the paper web that is prevented from moving back against the feed direction by means of the backstop is bulged out in the area between the surface and the two folding rollers and in the folding gap at the front in the circumferential direction to form a new one Fold introduced.
  • the surface is driven further in the same direction of rotation in order to convey the fully folded paper web out of the corresponding fold gap.
  • the paper web is aligned with its lateral edge on a bar before insertion, it is not ensured that the paper web is drawn in a straight direction into the first nip and thus the subsequent folds take place exactly at right angles to the lateral edge of the paper web . It is conceivable that the leading edge section of the paper web is deformed, for example as a result of different moisture levels or due to storage on rolls, and the leading edge of the paper web is therefore not simultaneously covered over the entire width of the paper web by the surface and the relevant folding roller and into the Fold gap is drawn. This can lead to a one-sided tension in the paper web, so that its longitudinal direction no longer runs exactly in the feed direction.
  • the introduction of the paper web with the front edge in front into the upward folding gap is very difficult since the dead weight of the paper web counteracts. Furthermore, it can lead to problems in the known device if the trailing edge of the paper web comes to lie in the area between the backstop and the last active folding nip during the last reversal of the direction of the surface. After the reversal of direction, the paper web can, if necessary, retreat as far as the backstop, which can lead to a fold that is not precisely defined in its position and even runs at a steep angle.
  • this has the disadvantage that the folded paper web cannot be conveyed out of the device in any direction, and secondly, in the case of small distances between successive folds, an end section of the paper web that is longer than the distance between two remains after the last fold adjacent folds, so that one last fold must be carried out by hand later.
  • a folding machine is known from EP-A-0 037 650, in which the two folding nips are each formed by a folding roller and a surface interacting with them. The space between these surfaces is covered by a guide plate, on the side facing away from the feed, a guide member with rake-like guide rails is pivotally mounted. To guide the leading edge of a fed paper web to the first folding nip, the guide member is pivoted so that the guide rails engage in the storage space through the guide plate. Before the surfaces are reversed for the first time, the guide member is pivoted back outside the storage space and remains there until a new paper web is fed for folding.
  • the passage formed by the one guide element and a folding roller aligns the leading edge section of the paper web over its entire width and guides the leading edge of the paper web in a defined manner into a first folding nip.
  • the guide elements, together with the folding rollers, form a guide channel in which the paper web is guided up to the inlet into the folding nip. It is therefore also easily possible to use the paper web with your insert the leading edge into a first upward nip.
  • the guide elements are moved in the respective direction of rotation of the surface towards the other end position. As a result, the bulged section of the paper web, guided in a defined manner, is brought into the area of the inlet of the next nip, which increases the accuracy of the folding.
  • the guide members ensure an exact and complete folding of a paper web with a small distance between adjacent folds.
  • the narrowed passage thus precisely guides the section of the paper web originating from the feed and also the section of the paper web lying between the surface and the guide members.
  • the folding device shown in the figures has a feed 10 with a feed channel 12 for the paper web 14 shown in dashed lines.
  • a backstop 16 is arranged in the end region of the feed channel 12.
  • the end of the feed channel 12 following on the one and on the other side of the backstop 16 arranged folding nips 18, 18 'are provided.
  • the end region of the feed channel 12 extends with respect to the drive cylinder 22 approximately in the radial direction and the two folding rollers 24, 24 'are approximately symmetrical to arranged by the end region of the feed channel 12 plane.
  • the drive cylinder 22 and the folding rollers 24, 24' limit a storage space designated by 26.
  • each guide member 28, 30 denote two guide members which have a plurality of parallel guide rails 32 spaced apart from one another in the axial direction of the drive cylinder 22 and arranged in a computing manner.
  • the mutually directed free ends 34 of the guide rails 32 of the two guide members 28, 30 are spaced apart and lie on a line running parallel to the axis of rotation 36 of the drive cylinder 22.
  • the guide rails 32 of each guide member 28, 30 are fastened at their end regions 38 facing away from the free ends 34 to a support 40 running in the axial direction.
  • the two guide members 28, 30 can be brought together from a lower end position shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 into an upper end position shown in FIG. 2 and back again.
  • the guide rails 32 of the upper guide member 28 protrude into the storage space 26, and the free ends 34 together with the lower folding roller 24 delimit a passage 42 for the paper web 14 (see in particular FIG. 1).
  • the guide rails 32 of the lower guide member 30 are pulled out of the area of the storage space 26.
  • the guide rails 32 of the upper guide member 28 are pulled out of the storage space 26 and the passage 42 is now formed by the upper folding roller 24 'and the free ends 34 of the guide rails 32 of the lower guide member 30 which now extend into the storage space 26.
  • the guide rails 32 run in their free end regions approximately coaxially to the drive cylinder 22 and have on the side facing away from the drive cylinder 22 and facing the feeder 10 guide surfaces 44, which together with the lateral surface of the folding roller 24, 24 ', with which they narrow the passage Form 42 for the paper web 14, enclose an acute angle ⁇ (Fig. 1).
  • the two folding rollers 24, 24 'and the relevant guide surfaces 44 form a channel-shaped guide for the paper web 14.
  • each folding roller 24, 24 ' has a plurality of rollers 48 which are freely rotatably mounted on a respective folding roller shaft 46, 46' and which are spaced apart in the axial direction and between which the guide rails 32 are guided.
  • the guide rails 32 run between the drive cylinder 22 and the relevant folding roller shaft 46, 46 '.
  • the folding roller shafts 46, 46 ' are arranged on pivot levers 50 which are biased against the drive cylinder 22 (FIGS. 1 and 2).
  • each guide member 28, 30 Provided on at least one guide rail 32 of each guide member 28, 30 is a stop cam 52, 52 'protruding outward with respect to the drive cylinder 22 approximately in the radial direction, which together with the relevant folding roller shaft 46, 46' defines the respective end position of the guide members 28, 30.
  • the stop cam 52 of the upper guide member 28 on the folding roller shaft 46 'of the upper folding roller 24' and in the upper end position shown in Figure 2, the stop cam 52 'of the lower guide member 30 is supported on the folding roller shaft 46 of the lower folding roller 24.
  • the drive cylinder 22 is seated in a rotationally fixed manner on a rotary shaft 60 which is freely rotatably mounted on side bearing plates 62.
  • a sprocket 64 which is connected to the drive (not shown) via a chain 66 indicated by dash-dotted lines, also sits on the shaft 60 in a rotationally fixed manner.
  • a holding member 68 is freely rotatably mounted on the shaft 60 in the area between the latter and the respective end shield 62.
  • Each holding member 68 has three holding arms 70, 70 'and 72 running in the radial direction and offset from one another by approximately 120 °, the free ends of which project in the radial direction beyond the drive cylinder 22.
  • the carrier 40 for the guide rails 32 of the guide members 28, 30 are attached.
  • the holding arms 72 have lugs 74 which are directed towards one another in their end regions and protrude into the region of the drive cylinder 22.
  • Recesses 76 extending in the radial direction are formed on them, in each of which a friction shoe 78 is guided, which is biased by means of a spring 80 against the surface 20 of the drive cylinder 22.
  • the backstop 16 has a plurality of conveyor rollers 82 arranged next to one another, of which only one is visible in FIGS. 1 and 2, which are connected to a freewheel which is effective in the feed direction Z.
  • freely rotatably mounted balls 84 are provided which are biased in the direction against the conveyor rollers 82.
  • the feed channel 12 is delimited by upper and lower guide plates 86 which run parallel to one another and which have recesses 88 in the area of the backstop 16 for the conveyor rollers 82 and the balls 84.
  • the conveyor rollers 82 and balls 84 form a conveyor nip 90 for the paper web 14 guided in the feed channel 12.
  • the conveyor rollers 82 are driven for the introduction of the paper web 14 into the folding device. Once the leading edge section of the paper web 14 is inserted into a first nip 18, the conveyor rollers 82 are no longer driven and only act as a backstop for the paper web 14.
  • the backstop 16 upstream and downstream of the first folding nip 18 each a schematically illustrated sensor 92, 92 'is provided, which are connected to a control device, not shown, which controls the drive for the drive cylinder 22 and the drive of the conveyor rollers 82.
  • These sensors 92, 92 ' for example light barriers, each emit a signal when the leading edge 94 of the paper web 14 passes beneath them.
  • the leading edge 94 of the paper web 14 is in the region of the second sensor 92 '.
  • the guide rails 32 together with the surface 20 of the drive cylinder 22 form a guide channel 96 for the paper web 14 on the side opposite the storage space 26 with respect to the relevant nip 18, 18 '.
  • the folder works as follows.
  • the paper web 14 to be folded is aligned on a table, not shown, in front of the feed 10 with its side edge on a guide bar, as is known, for example, from DE-PS 21 34 898.
  • the paper web 14 is introduced into the feed channel 12 in the feed direction Z.
  • the sensor 92 detects the leading edge 94 of the paper web 14
  • the drive for the drive cylinder 22 is started, which is driven in the counterclockwise direction.
  • the holding members 68 likewise taken in a counterclockwise direction and the guide members 28, 30 pivoted into the lower end position, shown in FIG. 1.
  • the conveyor rollers 82 are also driven in the feed direction Z.
  • the leading edge 94 enters the conveying nip 90, whereupon the conveying rollers 82 and the balls 84 grip the paper web 14 and automatically convey it further in the feed direction Z.
  • the leading edge 94 enters the area between the two folding rollers 24, 24 'and is inserted in the storage space 26 through the guide surfaces 44 over its entire width into the tapered passage 42.
  • the passage 42 is formed by the upper, that is to say rear in the circumferential direction of the surface 20, guide member 28 and the lower, that is to say front, folding roller 24.
  • the narrow narrow passage 42 does not form an obstacle for the introduction of the paper web 14.
  • the leading edge section of the paper web 94 is deflected by the guide surfaces 44 in the direction towards the first folding nip 18 and is thus introduced into it in a defined manner.
  • the leading edge section of the paper web 14 is gripped by the surface 20 and the lower folding roller 24 and is conveyed against the guide channel 96 between the surface 20 and the guide rails 32 of the lower guide member 30.
  • This folding program now specifies to the drive of the drive cylinder 22 how far it is to be driven in one and in the other direction of rotation.
  • the drive cylinder 22 is braked and then driven clockwise.
  • the paper web 42 is pushed against the feed direction Z.
  • a backing of the paper web 14 is prevented by the backstop 16.
  • the section of the paper web 14 located in the storage space 26 is bulged in the direction against the folding gap 18 '.
  • the holding members 68 are also carried along due to friction between the surface 20 and the friction shoes 78 in order to pivot the guide members 28, 30 into the upper end position shown in FIG.
  • the passage 42 is formed by the lower, that is, rear in the circumferential direction of the surface 20, guide member 30 and the upper, that is, front, folding roller 24 '. Due to the pivoting of the guide rails 32 of the lower guide member 30 into the storage space 26, the bulge of the paper web 14 is defined against the upper nip 18 ', whereby due to the inherent rigidity of the paper web 14, the two ends of the free ends 34 of the paper web 14 to Carrying on the surface 20 and the upper folding roller 24 'are created. The section of the paper web 14 which is bulged in this way reaches the folding gap 18 ', where the paper web 14 is folded for the first time.
  • the drive cylinder 22 is driven in the counterclockwise direction for conveying the fully folded paper web 14 out of the folding device through the lower guide channel 96.
  • the finished folded paper web 14 is located in the area of the upper nip 18 'and guide channel 96, as a result of the pivoting of the guide members 28, 30 into the lower end position of the part of the folded paper web which is now seen in the direction of rotation 14 in the area of the storage space 26 through the guide rails 32 of the upper guide member 28 in the direction against the lower folding gap 18. This prevents the formation of ears or the new bending of the end region of the paper web 14, even if the end of the paper web 14 is pushed in the direction against the folding gap 18 and is not pulled.
  • the folding rollers 24, 24 ' can be formed in one piece and with circumferential grooves through which the guide rails 32 are guided.
  • the stops and counter-stops can be provided at other locations for setting both end positions of the guide members 28, 30.
  • the conveyor rollers 82 are not driven.
  • the paper web 14 to be folded is to be pushed forward by hand until the leading edge region runs into a folding gap 18, 18 '.
  • the guide members 28, 30 only develop their full effect when the paper web 14 to be folded is inserted and the finished paper web 14 is carried out from the folding device.

Landscapes

  • Folding Of Thin Sheet-Like Materials, Special Discharging Devices, And Others (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Dispositif de pliage en accordéon d'une bande de papier, comportant une alimentation (10) pourvue d'un blocage de retour (16) et comportant deux fentes de pliage (18, 18') venant à la suite de celle-ci, placées chacune sur l'un et l'autre côté de l'alimentation (10), qui sont formées par une surface (20) entraînée en continue au moyen d'un mécanisme d'entraînement, alternativement dans un sens et dans l'autre et chacune par un cylindre de pliage (24, 24'), la surface (20) et les cylindres de pliage (24, 24') délimitant un volume de rangement (26) dans lequel, pour guider le bord (94) avant de la bande de papier (14) alimentée vers l'une des fentes de pliage (18, 18'), un organe de guidage (28 ; 30) peut être déplacé depuis une position de fin de course située à l'extérieur du volume de rangement (26), dans une position de fin de course située à l'intérieur du volume de rangement (26), caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu deux organes de guidage (28, 30) espacés l'un de l'autre et placés devant la surface (20) au voisinage de celle-ci, vers l'alimentation (10), dont les extrémités tournées les unes vers les autres sont parallèles et qui immédiatement après chaque changement de sens du mécanisme d'entraînement, peuvent être déplacés dans le sens de circulation de la surface (20), dans la position de fin de course dans laquelle l'organe de guidage (28 ; 30) arrière, dans le sens de circulation, se trouve à l'intérieur du volume de rangement (26), et dans cette position de fin de course, l'organe de guidage (28, 30) arrière délimite avec le cylindre de pliage (24, 24') avant, un passage (42) en forme de fente pour la bande de papier (14) et forme avec la surface (20) une fente de guidage pour la bande de papier (14) pliée, et en ce que les organes de guidage (28, 30), dans leurs zones d'extrémité (34) tournées les unes vers les autres, présentent, sur le côté tourné vers l'alimentation (10), des surfaces de guidage (44), la surface de guidage (44) prévue sur l'organe de guidage (28, 30) arrière formant avec le cylindre de pliage (24) avant, lors de la formation du passage (42), un angle aigu (α), afin de guider le bord avant (94) de la bande de papier (14) alimentée dans la fente de pliage (18) concernée.
  2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les organes de guidage (28, 30) comportent des rails de guidage (32) disposés en râteau, s'étendant dans la direction du déplacement, dont les extrémités libres sont tournées les unes vers les autres et qui, vus dans le sens du déplacement, sont espacés les uns des autres et se situent sur deux lignes droites parallèles, perpendiculaires à la direction de déplacement, et sur lesquels sont formées les surfaces de guidage (44).
  3. Dispositif selon les revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que les cylindres de pliage (24, 24') comportent des rainures continues ou sont formés par des cylindres (48) espacés les uns des autres, calés sur un arbre (46, 46'), et les rails de guidage (32) traversent ces rainures ou passent entre les cylindres (48).
  4. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les organes de guidage (28, 30) ou les rails de guidage (32) délimitent, de préférence avec la surface (20), un canal de guidage (96) suivant la fente de pliage (18, 18') respective, sur le côté tourné à l'opposé du volume de rangement (26).
  5. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que les organes de guidage (28, 30) sont déplaçables par entraînement par friction d'une position de fin de course à l'autre.
  6. Dispositif selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que la surface (20) est la surface d'enveloppe d'un cylindre (22) monté tournant autour de son axe (36) et relié activement avec le mécanisme d'entraînement, et en ce que les organes de guidage (28, 30) sont placés sur une fixation (68) qui est montée pivotante autour de cet axe (36) et qui est pourvue de préférence d'au moins un patin de friction (78) s'appliquant contre le cylindre (22).
  7. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que les organes de guidage (28, 30) comportent deux butées (52, 52') qui coopèrent alternativement avec deux contre-butées (46, 46') fixant les positions de fin de course, les contre-butées étant prévues de préférence sur les cylindres de pliage ou sur les arbres (46, 46') portant ceux-ci.
  8. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que le blocage de retour (16) est un organe de transport qui n'opère que pour introduire la bande de papier (14) à travers le passage (42) dans une première fente de pliage (18 ; 18').
EP89123624A 1989-01-25 1989-12-21 Dispositif de pliage en accordéon d'une bande de papier Expired - Lifetime EP0379712B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH223/89 1989-01-25
CH22389 1989-01-25

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0379712A1 EP0379712A1 (fr) 1990-08-01
EP0379712B1 true EP0379712B1 (fr) 1994-03-09

Family

ID=4182086

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89123624A Expired - Lifetime EP0379712B1 (fr) 1989-01-25 1989-12-21 Dispositif de pliage en accordéon d'une bande de papier

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5047003A (fr)
EP (1) EP0379712B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH0780620B2 (fr)
DE (1) DE58907187D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2049801T3 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8506465B2 (en) 2006-04-07 2013-08-13 Oce-Technologies B.V. Method and an apparatus for folding a medium

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US6176068B1 (en) 1998-04-23 2001-01-23 Bki Holding Corporation Packaging a strip of material in layers with intervening splices
US6321511B1 (en) 1988-05-20 2001-11-27 Bki Holding Corporation Packaging a strip of material with compression to reduce volume
IT1257117B (it) * 1992-09-30 1996-01-05 Macchina per la piegatura di fogli di carta.
US5967963A (en) * 1996-11-26 1999-10-19 Grapha-Holding Ag Apparatus for folding paper sheets
US6729471B2 (en) 1997-06-16 2004-05-04 Bki Holding Corporation Packaging a strip of material with compression to reduce volume
US6263814B1 (en) 1997-07-08 2001-07-24 Bki Holding Corporation Strip of material with splices and products formed therefrom
US6336307B1 (en) 1997-10-09 2002-01-08 Eki Holding Corporation Method of packaging a strip of material for use in cutting into sheet elements arranged end to end
FI110681B (fi) 1998-01-02 2003-03-14 Bki Holding Corp Menetelmä rainan pakkaamiseksi
DE19860070A1 (de) * 1998-12-23 2000-06-29 Stahl Gmbh & Co Maschf Taschenfalzwerk und Verfahren zur Registerregelung eines Taschenfalzwerks
US6293075B1 (en) 1999-03-08 2001-09-25 Bki Holding Corporation Packaging a strip of material
US6321512B1 (en) 1999-03-08 2001-11-27 Bki Holding Corporation Method of packaging a strip of material
WO2002076865A1 (fr) * 2001-03-23 2002-10-03 Bki Holding Corporation Emballage d'une bande de materiau de largeur variable
US20110039677A1 (en) * 2009-08-13 2011-02-17 Howard Carter Pleated paper towel stack and method

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GB1349558A (en) * 1970-07-14 1974-04-03 Roda D Concertina type sheet folding machine
US3724838A (en) * 1970-07-31 1973-04-03 V Orlovsky Sheet folding apparatus and method
US3747917A (en) * 1971-07-12 1973-07-24 Faltex Falzmaschinenfab Ag Machine for making concertina folds with reversible rollers and means for reversing same
US3712610A (en) * 1971-09-02 1973-01-23 V Garrone Automatic pleating machines
CH602465A5 (fr) * 1976-04-22 1978-07-31 Faltex Handels Ag
EP0037650A1 (fr) * 1980-03-31 1981-10-14 HARPER & TUNSTALL LIMITED Machines à plier en accordéon
US4484905A (en) * 1980-03-31 1984-11-27 Harper & Tunstall Limited Zig-zag folding machines
US4601695A (en) * 1984-04-06 1986-07-22 Fausto Pazzi Machine and method for the automatic folding of cloths
JPH0694333B2 (ja) * 1986-06-19 1994-11-24 株式会社サン精機製作所 シ−ト折り畳み装置
JPH0641345B2 (ja) * 1986-11-26 1994-06-01 株式会社サン精機製作所 シ−ト折り畳み装置

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8506465B2 (en) 2006-04-07 2013-08-13 Oce-Technologies B.V. Method and an apparatus for folding a medium

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH0780620B2 (ja) 1995-08-30
DE58907187D1 (de) 1994-04-14
ES2049801T3 (es) 1994-05-01
EP0379712A1 (fr) 1990-08-01
US5047003A (en) 1991-09-10
JPH02261773A (ja) 1990-10-24

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