EP0378133A2 - Dispositif de maintien pour la fixation de panneaux de façade - Google Patents

Dispositif de maintien pour la fixation de panneaux de façade Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0378133A2
EP0378133A2 EP90100238A EP90100238A EP0378133A2 EP 0378133 A2 EP0378133 A2 EP 0378133A2 EP 90100238 A EP90100238 A EP 90100238A EP 90100238 A EP90100238 A EP 90100238A EP 0378133 A2 EP0378133 A2 EP 0378133A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plate
glass
holding device
facade
panel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP90100238A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0378133A3 (fr
Inventor
Albert Kubbutat
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sto Poraver GmbH
Original Assignee
Sto Poraver GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19893900397 external-priority patent/DE3900397A1/de
Application filed by Sto Poraver GmbH filed Critical Sto Poraver GmbH
Publication of EP0378133A2 publication Critical patent/EP0378133A2/fr
Publication of EP0378133A3 publication Critical patent/EP0378133A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/14—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass
    • E04F13/145—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass with an outer layer of glass
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/0801—Separate fastening elements
    • E04F13/0803—Separate fastening elements with load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements
    • E04F13/081—Separate fastening elements with load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements with additional fastening elements between furring elements and covering elements
    • E04F13/0812—Separate fastening elements with load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements with additional fastening elements between furring elements and covering elements fixed by means of spring action
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/14—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass
    • E04F13/142—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass with an outer layer of ceramics or clays
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/14—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass
    • E04F13/144—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass with an outer layer of marble or other natural stone

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a holding device for fastening facade panels made of stone, ceramic, glass, sheet metal or the like with at least one screw element projecting transversely from the back of the plate with a screw thread.
  • ceramic composite bodies penetrated by a stainless steel screw are glued to the back of the plate.
  • the end of the stainless steel screw protruding from the ceramic composite body forms a threaded pin projecting from the back of the plate.
  • This is assigned a self-locking stainless steel nut for fixing the facade panel to a support profile, which is fixed to the walls of a building.
  • the ceramic composite body used in this holding device allow proper attachment only to special facade panels. If, due to the plate weight and the wind forces to be taken into account, larger forces are to be expected, a number of ceramic composite bodies are required which can only be placed and fixed precisely at a large distance and whose screw connection to the support profiles is correspondingly cumbersome and time-consuming.
  • the invention has for its object to further develop the holding device of the type mentioned that practically all conceivable materials can be selected for the formation of the facade panel and yet a simple, accurate and joint-free assembly possible and guaranteed even under extreme force and temperature conditions perfect bracket is reached.
  • the holding device according to the invention in which this object is achieved, is characterized by the features set out in claim 1.
  • This holding device ensures on the one hand a large and accordingly durable connection of the facade panel to the practically incombustible support plate, on the other hand a correspondingly stable connection of the support plate carrying the facade panel to the embedded screw element is ensured.
  • An embodiment has proven to be particularly favorable in which the screw element extending through the carrier plate is formed by a threaded bushing.
  • a screw bolt can easily be fixed during assembly in order to establish a connection to a supporting substructure or an intermediate support element, such as a hook.
  • the recording and fixing plate dowels serve, which are provided on the outside with claw-like circumferential grooves and are designed as threaded bushes for receiving screw bolts. Because of the direct storage of these panel anchors in blind holes in the facade panels, the latter must be particularly thick in order to ensure a sufficient blind hole depth and thus panel anchor length.
  • the storage of the threaded bushing according to the invention in the carrier plate material ensures that facade panel carrier plate units equipped in this way can be stored close to one another without damaging one another. Any metallic support elements protruding from the outer surfaces are namely avoided.
  • the glass fabric layers provided on the outside of the holding plate can be fixed to the holding plate using synthetic resin, in particular epoxy resin.
  • synthetic resin in particular epoxy resin.
  • glass frit powder with a softening or melting point at 600 ° C. which is below that of normal enamel glass at 700 ° C. to 750 ° C., has proven to be particularly advantageous.
  • facade panels can be produced and installed on the building walls, which consist of completely non-combustible support material and therefore do not have to be mechanically anchored in accordance with the applicable fire protection regulations for ventilated facades.
  • the metallic clamps provided for this in practice, with which facade panels are frequently gripped in the area of their edges, can be omitted. In this way it is possible to have the facade panels connected so close to each other that there are practically no visible joints.
  • the holding device designed in this way ensures, on the one hand, that extremely high wind forces can be absorbed. On the other hand, it can also withstand particularly high thermal loads.
  • the features of claim 11 have proven to be very inexpensive with regard to a particularly cost-effective, rational assembly.
  • the glass solder used can be inserted very easily, for example in powder form, into the area between the support plate and the facade panel. However, it has proven to be particularly favorable if of the features of claim 12 is made use of.
  • the glass solder can be heated in a very simple manner to the soldering temperature lying at about 400 to 500 ° C. As soon as the glass solder has cooled down again, it represents a particularly effective and safe incombustible mechanical connection even at very high temperatures, for example in the event of a fire.
  • the support panel is in a very advantageous manner with one that serves to transfer the load capacity into the support panel, projecting transversely from it and close to the remote one
  • neck plate reaching approach It has proven to be particularly effective in this case if the support plate is assigned a counter plate, which is located on the opposite side of the support plate and can be connected to the shoulder, and which is connected to the support plate via a latching connection, if necessary.
  • the neck of the support plate is designed in the form of a sleeve into which a bushing fixed on the counter plate can be inserted and clipped.
  • a facade panel 1 made of stone, ceramic, glass, sheet metal or the like. is fixed with its back to a carrier plate 2 by gluing by means of epoxy resin, PU phenolic resin or the like.
  • This carrier plate 2 in the form of a lightweight component is made of expanded glass, expanded clay, expanded slate, expanded mica, pressed glass fibers or the like.
  • an organic or inorganic binder such as epoxy resin, PU phenolic resin, or Od.
  • glass fabric layers 3, 4 are embedded in the synthetic resin on each of their two outer sides.
  • a holding plate 5 is embedded in the latter, with which a screw element in the form of a threaded bushing 6 extending through the support plate 2 is firmly connected.
  • the length of the threaded bushing 6 is slightly shorter than the thickness of the carrier plate 2, so that it does not protrude above the surface.
  • One end of the threaded bushing 6 is connected to an annular disk 7 forming a bushing flange.
  • the holding plate 5 is provided with a central bore and an indentation 8 concentric with the central bore, the depth of which corresponds to the thickness of the annular disk 7 forming the bushing flange. With the holding plate 5, the washer 7 is firmly connected, for example by welding.
  • the holding plate 5 is provided with a multiplicity of projections 9 pressed into the material of the carrier plate 2. These are formed by punching out and angling tongues out of the holding plate material.
  • the holding plate 5 engages with the projections 9 through the glass fabric layer 4 which is fixed directly on the outside of the carrier plate 2.
  • a screw bolt 11 can be screwed into the threaded bushing 6 provided with an internal thread, with the aid of which, on the side of the support plate 2 facing away from the facade plate 1, a hook 12 serving for the suspension can be fixed on the latter in a manner customary in the marketplace a rail 14 mounted on a building wall 13 engages.
  • the facade plate 1 can be fixed with its back using epoxy resin or the like. If the facade panel is made of glass or a sheet with an enamel-like coating, it can be on the carrier plate 2, provided that it consists of expanded glass or another low-density inorganic material, which has a softening or melting point of 700 ° C to 750 ° C directly with the help of glass frit powder, whose softening or melting point of about 600 ° C is lower than that of normal enamel glass.
  • the facade panel-carrier plate unit formed in this way from incombustible material can be installed practically without joints on a building wall or the like by means of the hooks 12 or the like, which are fixed by means of the screw bolt 11 screwed into the threaded bushing 6.
  • the illustrated holding device if a direct connection of facade plate 1 and support plate 2 by glass solder is out of the question, comprises a firmly embedded one in the area of the support plate 2 on the side facing the facade plate 1 Carrier plate 15, the outer surface of which is practically flush with that of the carrier plate 2.
  • This support plate 15 is similar to the holding plate 5 round; it preferably consists of two made of stainless steel.
  • the support plate 15 is provided with a shoulder 16 serving as a load-bearing transfer into the support plate 2, projecting transversely from it and extending in the vicinity of the remote support plate side.
  • a counter plate 17 On the side of the support plate 2 opposite the support plate 15 there is a counter plate 17 to which a bushing 18 is fixed.
  • This socket 18 can be inserted and clipped into the sleeve 16.
  • locking lugs are formed from the sleeve 16 or sleeve 18 in the direction of the sleeve 18 or sleeve 16 in a manner not illustrated in any more detail, which engage in corresponding recesses in the sleeve 18 or sleeve 16 in a non-detachable manner.
  • the ends 19 of a resistance heating wire embedded in the support plate 2 in the vicinity of the support plate 15 are guided through the sleeve 16 and the bushing 18. With the help of this resistance heating wire, the support plate 15 can be heated to a temperature ensuring the softening or melting of powdered glass solder introduced between the support plate 15 and the facade panel 1. Instead of this, a prefabricated unit from the support plate 15 with a glass coating and possibly a resistance heating wire attached to it can also be used. After cooling, the support plate 15 and with it the carrier plate 2 is firmly connected to the facade plate 1 via the glass solder connection thus formed.
  • the counter plate 17 is expediently fixed on the carrier plate 2 and thus the non-detachable connection to the support plate 5 only after the glass solder connection has been established.
  • FIG. 3 schematically illustrates that in addition to 4 holding plates 5 arranged at the corners of the carrier plate 2, in addition to screwed-on hooks 12, four glass solder connection points 20 are provided.
  • the carrier plates 2 When producing the carrier plates 2 with low density, high mechanical strength and good insulation properties, e.g. 70-95 parts by weight of open-pore expanded glass spheres with a grain size of 0.2 to 20 mm and a bulk density between 0.2 and 0.55 g / cm3 are mixed with 4-30 parts by weight of an epoxy binder.
  • the epoxy binder consists of bisphenol resin, to which 0.5-5 parts by weight of a polysiloxane is mixed, and an amine hardener.
  • the expanded glass balls are wetted on their surface. They are filled into a die corresponding to the shape of the carrier plate 2, whereupon heat is then added, as a result of which the amine hardener reacts with the polysiloxane and the epoxy resin and an epoxy foam is formed between the expanded glass balls.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Bolts, Nuts, And Washers (AREA)
EP19900100238 1989-01-09 1990-01-05 Dispositif de maintien pour la fixation de panneaux de façade Withdrawn EP0378133A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3900397 1989-01-09
DE19893900397 DE3900397A1 (de) 1989-01-09 1989-01-09 Halteeinrichtung zum befestigen von fassadenplatten
DE3907510 1989-03-08
DE3907510A DE3907510A1 (de) 1989-01-09 1989-03-08 Halteeinrichtung zum befestigen von fassadenplatten

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0378133A2 true EP0378133A2 (fr) 1990-07-18
EP0378133A3 EP0378133A3 (fr) 1991-03-27

Family

ID=25876629

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19900100238 Withdrawn EP0378133A3 (fr) 1989-01-09 1990-01-05 Dispositif de maintien pour la fixation de panneaux de façade

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5069014A (fr)
EP (1) EP0378133A3 (fr)
JP (1) JPH02225817A (fr)
CA (1) CA2007192A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3907510A1 (fr)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0576760A1 (fr) * 1991-11-25 1994-01-05 Thrislington Sales Limited Système de panneaux pour mur
EP0625618A2 (fr) * 1993-05-18 1994-11-23 STO VEROTEC GmbH Panneau de façade
WO2005061220A1 (fr) * 2003-12-22 2005-07-07 Neugebauer Juergen Vitrage composite
ITVR20110043A1 (it) * 2011-03-07 2012-09-08 Habitat S A S Di Pietro Lorenzo Fe Drigoli & C Struttura componibile a pannelli modulari per rivestimenti o arredamento di interni
WO2015169447A1 (fr) * 2014-05-08 2015-11-12 Freddi Umberto Structure préfabriquée destinée à des environnements d'habitation intérieurs
EP3183395A4 (fr) * 2015-03-16 2018-11-21 DIRTT Environmental Solutions, Ltd. Panneaux de paroi reconfigurables de panneau de verre
US11085184B2 (en) 2014-02-20 2021-08-10 Dirtt Environmental Solutions Ltd. Interface for mounting interchangable components
US11093087B2 (en) 2016-06-10 2021-08-17 Dirtt Environmental Solutions Ltd. Glass substrates with touchscreen technology
US11240922B2 (en) 2016-06-10 2022-02-01 Dirtt Environmental Solutions Ltd. Wall system with electronic device mounting assembly
US11550178B2 (en) 2016-07-08 2023-01-10 Dirtt Environmental Solutions Inc. Low-voltage smart glass

Families Citing this family (23)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4205100C2 (de) * 1992-02-20 2002-02-07 Nauth Wilhelm Wandbekleidung
FR2711211B1 (fr) * 1993-10-14 1995-11-17 Dagard Panneau de cloisonnement muni d'un dispositif de fixation intégré.
US5787666A (en) * 1994-12-23 1998-08-04 Sherry; Edward B. Thin masonry veneer panel system and the fabrication thereof
JPH10237998A (ja) * 1997-02-26 1998-09-08 Ykk Architect Prod Kk 方立式カーテンウォール
DE29813837U1 (de) * 1998-08-04 1999-12-16 Fritz Hubert Wandverkleidung
JP3192635B2 (ja) * 1998-11-18 2001-07-30 ニチハ株式会社 外壁パネル構造体
US6202377B1 (en) 1998-12-23 2001-03-20 Commercial And Architectural Products, Inc. Panel attachment system
KR20020029991A (ko) * 2000-10-16 2002-04-22 정명화 건축용 유리판넬 및 그 제조방법
FR2822487B1 (fr) * 2001-03-20 2003-12-26 Vegetude Panneau vegetalisable, comportant une structure composite solide, destine aux travaux publics et a la construction
DE10336359B4 (de) * 2003-08-08 2007-01-04 Saint-Gobain Glass Deutschland Gmbh Plattenförmiges Verbundelement mit einer Lagesicherung für eine Klebeverbindung
DE102004013016B4 (de) 2004-03-16 2007-12-27 Nbk-Keramik Gmbh & Co. Gebäudefassade
US8065850B1 (en) * 2004-12-20 2011-11-29 Damian Antony Moran Mortarless modular precast cladding system
EP2268870B1 (fr) * 2008-04-02 2011-08-10 Martin Müller Moyen de montage permettant de monter des pierres naturelles et procédé de montage des pierres naturelles
US20100077676A1 (en) * 2008-10-01 2010-04-01 Install/Consult, Llc Architectural panel hanger
US8584421B2 (en) * 2008-11-14 2013-11-19 3Form, Inc. Panel mounting components, systems, and methods
GB2497796A (en) * 2011-12-21 2013-06-26 Hardie James Technology Ltd Thermally Efficient Façade
US9469999B1 (en) 2015-04-30 2016-10-18 Wall Panel Systems, Inc. Exterior wall panneling system
CN105178482B (zh) * 2015-09-14 2017-11-17 天津海格丽特装饰工程股份有限公司 一种陶土板加玻璃的混合式幕墙结构
ES2571277A1 (es) * 2015-10-30 2016-05-24 Fund Para La Promocion De La Innovacion Invest Y Desarrollo Tecnologico En La Ind De Automocion De G Procedimiento de fabricación de paneles multicapa y panel multicapa obtenido
CN105821996B (zh) * 2016-03-28 2017-08-25 淮阴工学院 注胶式水平推杆器、幕墙安装结构及方法
US10724250B2 (en) * 2018-08-28 2020-07-28 Peter Mueller Luxury LED glass wall
CA3076041A1 (fr) * 2019-03-15 2020-09-15 Goldray Industries Ltd. Systeme de fixation murale avec piece d`appui
US11352781B2 (en) * 2020-09-15 2022-06-07 Nano And Advanced Materials Institute Limited Reversible self-locking interconnection system for modular integrated construction

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FR2046411A5 (fr) * 1969-04-24 1971-03-05 Thermal Syndicate Ltd
DE3209746A1 (de) * 1982-03-17 1983-09-29 G + H Montage Gmbh, 6700 Ludwigshafen Hinterlueftete aussenwandbekleidung
DE8803370U1 (de) * 1988-03-12 1988-05-05 Loos, Hermann, Dipl.-Ing., 6380 Bad Homburg Befestigungsvorrichtung für Fassaden-Bekleidungsplatten

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ES485737A1 (es) * 1979-11-06 1980-07-01 Set Technochem Procedimiento para aislar termica y acusticamente un para- mento
DE8701693U1 (de) * 1987-02-05 1987-04-02 Flachglas AG, 8510 Fürth Fassadenplatte in Form einer Verbundglasscheibe

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2046411A5 (fr) * 1969-04-24 1971-03-05 Thermal Syndicate Ltd
DE3209746A1 (de) * 1982-03-17 1983-09-29 G + H Montage Gmbh, 6700 Ludwigshafen Hinterlueftete aussenwandbekleidung
DE8803370U1 (de) * 1988-03-12 1988-05-05 Loos, Hermann, Dipl.-Ing., 6380 Bad Homburg Befestigungsvorrichtung für Fassaden-Bekleidungsplatten

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0576760A1 (fr) * 1991-11-25 1994-01-05 Thrislington Sales Limited Système de panneaux pour mur
EP0625618A2 (fr) * 1993-05-18 1994-11-23 STO VEROTEC GmbH Panneau de façade
EP0625618A3 (fr) * 1993-05-18 1996-03-06 Sto Verotec Gmbh Panneau de façade.
WO2005061220A1 (fr) * 2003-12-22 2005-07-07 Neugebauer Juergen Vitrage composite
ITVR20110043A1 (it) * 2011-03-07 2012-09-08 Habitat S A S Di Pietro Lorenzo Fe Drigoli & C Struttura componibile a pannelli modulari per rivestimenti o arredamento di interni
US11085184B2 (en) 2014-02-20 2021-08-10 Dirtt Environmental Solutions Ltd. Interface for mounting interchangable components
WO2015169447A1 (fr) * 2014-05-08 2015-11-12 Freddi Umberto Structure préfabriquée destinée à des environnements d'habitation intérieurs
EP3183395A4 (fr) * 2015-03-16 2018-11-21 DIRTT Environmental Solutions, Ltd. Panneaux de paroi reconfigurables de panneau de verre
US10400448B2 (en) 2015-03-16 2019-09-03 Dirtt Environmental Solutions, Ltd. Reconfigurable wall panels
US11093087B2 (en) 2016-06-10 2021-08-17 Dirtt Environmental Solutions Ltd. Glass substrates with touchscreen technology
US11240922B2 (en) 2016-06-10 2022-02-01 Dirtt Environmental Solutions Ltd. Wall system with electronic device mounting assembly
US11550178B2 (en) 2016-07-08 2023-01-10 Dirtt Environmental Solutions Inc. Low-voltage smart glass

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0378133A3 (fr) 1991-03-27
DE3907510A1 (de) 1990-09-13
US5069014A (en) 1991-12-03
JPH02225817A (ja) 1990-09-07
CA2007192A1 (fr) 1990-07-09

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