EP0365450A1 - Herzstück mit beweglicher Spitze und Verfahren zum Herstellen eines solchen Herzstückes - Google Patents

Herzstück mit beweglicher Spitze und Verfahren zum Herstellen eines solchen Herzstückes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0365450A1
EP0365450A1 EP89440110A EP89440110A EP0365450A1 EP 0365450 A1 EP0365450 A1 EP 0365450A1 EP 89440110 A EP89440110 A EP 89440110A EP 89440110 A EP89440110 A EP 89440110A EP 0365450 A1 EP0365450 A1 EP 0365450A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
parts
molded element
rails
movable
point
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP89440110A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0365450B2 (de
EP0365450B1 (de
Inventor
Gérard Testart
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
COGIFER Compagnie Generale dInstallations Ferroviaires SA
Original Assignee
COGIFER Compagnie Generale dInstallations Ferroviaires SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=27251713&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0365450(A1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Priority claimed from FR8813723A external-priority patent/FR2637920B1/fr
Priority claimed from FR8816516A external-priority patent/FR2640294B1/fr
Priority claimed from FR888816515A external-priority patent/FR2640293B2/fr
Application filed by COGIFER Compagnie Generale dInstallations Ferroviaires SA filed Critical COGIFER Compagnie Generale dInstallations Ferroviaires SA
Priority to AT89440110T priority Critical patent/ATE84088T1/de
Publication of EP0365450A1 publication Critical patent/EP0365450A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0365450B1 publication Critical patent/EP0365450B1/de
Publication of EP0365450B2 publication Critical patent/EP0365450B2/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B11/00—Rail joints
    • E01B11/44—Non-dismountable rail joints; Welded joints
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B7/00—Switches; Crossings
    • E01B7/10—Frogs
    • E01B7/14—Frogs with movable parts
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49863—Assembling or joining with prestressing of part

Definitions

  • the subject of the present invention is a crossing point with a moving point for very long railroad track apparatus incorporated in the long welded rails, said crossing point comprising, in addition, in particular a cradle in two elements, and a manufacturing method. of such a crossing heart.
  • crossings also have very long lengths and, at these speeds, it is known that it is preferable to use crossing hearts with a moving point, more comfortable than the hearts. of fixed point crossing, in which the counter-rails are at the origin of recalls of the axles of the vehicles, difficult to bear.
  • Moving point crossing hearts generally have two basic elements: - the cradle, in which the movable point is fixed in the heel and in which it moves when it is maneuvered; - the movable tip proper.
  • the cradle is necessarily composed of several elements, because their respective length is limited by the current level of manufacturing means. We are therefore forced, to achieve the desired construction, to manufacture several elements, then to assemble them to form the cradle. As it is impossible, for constructive reasons, notably linked to a lack of space, to carry out this assembly by a conventional jointing which would keep the elements of the cradle inside and outside, an assembly is used by C-shaped pieces placed outside the elements of the cradle. However, such an assembly does not have the qualities of a jointing and even less the qualities of a weld, and whatever the care taken in the production of these C-shaped parts and in their assembly, this assembly will necessarily present, in the long term, holding difficulties.
  • the moving point made of machined and assembled rails, is anchored in its heel in one of the elements of the cradle, like a console embedded in a wall.
  • the anchoring of the movable point must ensure - in addition to the role of embedding from the console - a transfer of compression or tensile forces from each long welded rail from the movable point to the cradle.
  • the general problem to be solved by the object of the present invention therefore consists in designing and manufacturing a crossing point with a moving point in which the drawbacks linked to these two mechanical assemblies are eliminated.
  • the subject of the present invention is a crossing point with a movable point for very long railroad tracks incorporated in the long welded rails, said crossing point further comprising in particular a cradle in two elements, one molded and the other not molded, crossing core characterized in that the molded element is made of steel, and comprises at least the two ends on the toe side and the two ends on the heel side shaped as a rail profile, but only the rail profile of the two ends on the toe side effectively used for rolling, the non-molded element mainly consisting of parts made entirely of rails and connected to the two ends on the heel side of the molded part, but neither the rail profile of the two ends on the heel side, nor the rail profile of the parts not actually serving as a rolling surface, the movable point being, in turn, produced integrally nt in rails of which all the upper faces effectively serve as a rolling surface.
  • the crossing point with movable point 1 for very long railroad tracks incorporated in the long welded rails furthermore comprises in particular a cradle 2 into two elements 3 and 4, one molded and the other not molded.
  • Element 3 is made of cast steel, at least the two ends 3A and 3B on the toe side and the two ends 3C and 3D on the heel side are shaped as a rail profile, but only the rail profile of the two ends 3A and 3B effectively serving the bearing, the non-molded element 4 mainly consisting of parts 5 and 5 ′ made entirely of rails and connected to the two ends 3C and 3D on the heel side of the molded part 3, but neither the rail profile of the two ends 3C and 3D nor the rail profile of the parts 5 and 5 ′ not effectively serving as a rolling surface, the movable tip 1 being, in turn, made entirely of rails, all the upper faces of which effectively serve as a rolling surface.
  • the non-molded element 4 mainly consists of parts 5 and 5 ′ made entirely of rails and connected by welding or by an assembly not welded at the two ends 3C and 3D on the heel side of the molded element 3 ( see Figures 1 and 5 of the accompanying drawings).
  • the molded element 3 advantageously has all of its upper faces shaped as a rolling file.
  • the molded element 3 is made of austenitic manganese steel, the movable tip 1 and the parts 5 and 5 ′ being constituted by rails made of carbon steel.
  • the parts 5 and 5 ′ in rail profile are two in number and are connected by gluing to the rails forming the movable point 1 by l 'intermediate of two spacers 8 and 8 ′ in splice profile.
  • the heel recess of the movable point 1 produced by the spacers 8 and 8 ′ glued, on the one hand, to the rails constituting the movable point 1 and, on the other hand, to the parts 5 and 5 ′ of the non-molded element 4 avoids the need for mechanical assembly and thus eliminates all the drawbacks associated with the use of such an assembly, in particular the longitudinal play.
  • the non-molded element 4 consisting of parts 5 and 5 ′ fixed to the ends 3C and 3D of the molded element 3 and rigidly connected by plates 6 therefore forms, with said molded element 3, a cradle 2 whose length n ' is more limited by foundry constraints.
  • the rails of the parts 5 and 5 ′ and of the movable tip can, for example, advantageously have a height of 172 mm.
  • each part 5 and 5 ′ as well as the movable tip 1 could, for example, advantageously consist of a rail of profile UIC A 74.
  • a rail needle allows it to confer a significant vertical inertia.
  • each part 5 or 5 ′ is able, for example, to advantageously consist of a rail of UIC profile 60, and the movable tip 1 of a needle rail of UIC profile A 74 , which also gives it a high vertical inertia.
  • the present invention also relates to a method of manufacturing a crossing point with a moving point 1.
  • the method of manufacturing a crossing point with a moving point essentially consists of welding, on the point side, the molded element 3 of the cradle 2 to the rolling rails 7 of the intermediate way of connection, and to be fixed on the molded element 3 of the cradle 2 of parts 5 and 5 ′ belonging to the non-molded element 4 of cradle 2, then to move said parts 5 and 5 ′ from their initial position towards the outside and keep them in the open position, insert between these pieces 5 and 5 ′ the moving tip 1, release the pieces 5 and 5 ′ so that they return to their initial position, then fix the pieces 5 and 5 ′ to the moving tip inserted between them, to stiffen the 'non-molded element 4, and finally to weld, if necessary, on the heel side, the movable point 1 to the running rails 9.
  • the manufacturing process takes place mainly as described below.
  • the tip side is welded, the molded element 3 from the cradle 2 to the running rails 7 of the intermediate connection path, as well as the two parts 5 and 5 ′, produced in rails, each in one 5A , 5′A of its two ends on one of the two ends 3C and 3D, heel side, also in rail profile, of the molded element 3.
  • Each part 5 and 5 ′ consists of a rail to precisely allow welding with both ends 3C and 3D also in rail profile.
  • the molded element 3 is placed with its two parts 5 and 5 ′ and its two welded running rails 7, on an assembly table.
  • the parts 5 and 5 ′ are then moved away from their initial position towards the outside, the parts 5 and 5 ′ being flexible from the weld zone with the molded element 3.
  • the parts 5 and 5 ′ are then maintained in the separated position (see FIG. 5) and the movable point 1 is lowered which is inserted into the cradle 2 formed by the elements 3 and 4, between the two parts 5 and 5 ′ in spread position.
  • the movable point 1 is made of welded and assembled rails and is previously provided with two mounting spacers 8 and 8 ′ which are preferably fixed there by gluing. Then, the two parts 5 and 5 ′ are released to fix them to the spacers 8 and 8 ′ of the movable point, preferably by glued jointing.
  • such a crossing core can then be fixed to the sleepers and connected to the rails of the railway.
  • the welding, on the one hand, of the two ends 3A and 3B of the molded element 3 to the running rails 7 of the intermediate track of the connection and, on the other hand, of the two ends 5A, 5′A of the two parts 5 and 5 ′ at the two ends 3C and 3D of the molded element 3 is of the electrical type.
  • connection by welding of two rails to each other has the main advantage of eliminating the presence of a joint, this joint being detrimental to the strength of the railway under the effect of the shock of wheels on the surfaces of the rails ensuring the rolling.
  • the two parts 5 and 5 ′ belonging to the non-molded element 4 of the cradle 2 and produced entirely in rails do not serve as a rolling surface. Under these conditions, the connection of these two parts 5 and 5 ′ to the molded element 3 of the cradle 2 can also be produced by an non-welded assembly, without having the drawback described above.
  • the parts 5 and 5 ′ belonging to the non-molded element 4 of the cradle 2 are connected to the molded element 3 of the cradle 2 by an unwelded assembly.
  • the tip side is welded to the ends 3A and 3B of the molded element 3 of the cradle 2 the running rails 7 of the intermediate connection path. It will advantageously be a welding of the electric type.
  • the movable point 1 is placed on an assembly table and two movable spacers 8 and 8 ′ are fixed on the movable point 1, produced in machined and assembled rails, preferably by gluing. Then we fix the parts 5 and 5 ′ to the spacers 8 and 8 ′ of the movable point 1, preferably by glued jointing (the spacers 8 and 8 ′ are made up of joint profiles joined by welded bars; the joint profiles are glued, on the movable point side on said tip 1, and non-molded element side 4 to parts 5 and 5 ′, then bolted).
  • the unmoulded element 4 thus produced is lowered from the mounting table.
  • the first subassembly is then placed, formed by the molded element 3 welded to the running rails 7 on an assembly table.
  • the second sub-assembly, formed by the non-molded element 4, itself formed by the parts 5 and 5 ′ and the movable point 1, is, at this stage, approached the first sub-assembly by vertical transfer then longitudinal, or longitudinal then vertical, so as to end to end the molded element 3 of the cradle 2 to parts 5 and 5 ′ of the non-molded element 4 of the cradle 2.
  • This assembly connecting the two sub-assemblies together will be in the form of a bolted assembly, preferably a bonded joint. This, as well as all that follows, may also be valid in the variant of the first embodiment corresponding to 1 non-welded assembly of parts 5 and 5 ′ with the molded element 3.
  • Each end 5A or 5′A of the parts 5 or 5 ′ is therefore connected respectively to each end 3C or 3D of the molded element 3 by two ribs 10 joined by six bolts 11, three bolts 11 on the molded element side 3 and three bolts 11 on the part side 5 (see Figure 6 of the accompanying drawings).
  • a glass cloth 12 is interposed between each splint 10 and, on the one hand, the ends 5A, 5′A of the parts 5 and 5 ′ and, on the other hand, the ends 3C and 3D of the molded element 3.
  • the ribs 10 will preferably be long enough so that the bonding surface, obtained from KLEBER glue and the glass cloth 12, allows the transfer of the tensile and compressive forces generated by the temperature variations in the long welded rails .
  • such a crossing core can then be fixed to the sleepers and connected to the rails of the railway.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Butt Welding And Welding Of Specific Article (AREA)
  • Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
  • Road Signs Or Road Markings (AREA)
  • Railway Tracks (AREA)
  • Details Of Garments (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Dental Tools And Instruments Or Auxiliary Dental Instruments (AREA)
  • Measurement Of The Respiration, Hearing Ability, Form, And Blood Characteristics Of Living Organisms (AREA)
  • Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Bearings For Parts Moving Linearly (AREA)
  • Machines For Laying And Maintaining Railways (AREA)
  • Knitting Machines (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
  • Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Brushes (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Cores, Coils, And Magnets (AREA)
EP89440110A 1988-10-14 1989-10-13 Herzstück mit beweglicher Spitze und Verfahren zum Herstellen eines solchen Herzstückes Expired - Lifetime EP0365450B2 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89440110T ATE84088T1 (de) 1988-10-14 1989-10-13 Herzstueck mit beweglicher spitze und verfahren zum herstellen eines solchen herzstueckes.

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8813723A FR2637920B1 (fr) 1988-10-14 1988-10-14 Procede de fabrication d'un coeur de croisement a pointe mobile et coeur de croisement ainsi obtenu
FR8813723 1988-10-14
FR8816516 1988-12-12
FR8816516A FR2640294B1 (fr) 1988-12-12 1988-12-12 Procede de fabrication d'un coeur de croisement a pointe mobile et coeur de croisement ainsi obtenu
FR8816515 1988-12-12
FR888816515A FR2640293B2 (fr) 1988-10-14 1988-12-12 Procede de fabrication d'un coeur de croisement a pointe mobile et coeur de croisement ainsi obtenu

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0365450A1 true EP0365450A1 (de) 1990-04-25
EP0365450B1 EP0365450B1 (de) 1992-12-30
EP0365450B2 EP0365450B2 (de) 1997-12-03

Family

ID=27251713

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89440110A Expired - Lifetime EP0365450B2 (de) 1988-10-14 1989-10-13 Herzstück mit beweglicher Spitze und Verfahren zum Herstellen eines solchen Herzstückes

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (3) US5042755A (de)
EP (1) EP0365450B2 (de)
AT (1) ATE84088T1 (de)
CA (1) CA1324364C (de)
DE (2) DE68904159T3 (de)
ES (1) ES2017598T5 (de)
GR (2) GR3007352T3 (de)
HK (1) HK1000921A1 (de)
PT (1) PT91998B (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2737739A1 (fr) * 1995-08-10 1997-02-14 Cogifer Pointe mobile de coeur de croisement pour appareils de voie ferree de tres grande longueur, incorpores dans les longs rails soudes

Families Citing this family (17)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5450564A (en) * 1990-05-04 1995-09-12 Unisys Corporation Method and apparatus for cache memory access with separate fetch and store queues
AT395122B (de) * 1990-07-20 1992-09-25 Voest Alpine Eisenbahnsysteme Verfahren zur verbindung von aus manganhartstahlguss bestehenden weichenteilen bzw. manganstahlschienen mit einer schiene aus kohlenstoffstahl
FR2695662B1 (fr) * 1992-09-11 1994-11-18 Cogifer Encastrement de la pointe mobile dans le berceau d'un cÓoeur de croisement incorporé dans les longs rails soudés et procédé de réalisation d'un tel encastrement.
US5393019A (en) * 1993-05-04 1995-02-28 Ortiz-Rivas; Arturo A. Railroad turnout frog with continuous running surface
DE19621017C1 (de) * 1996-05-24 1998-01-08 Butzbacher Weichenbau Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Gleisoberbauteils sowie Gleisoberbauteil
GB9710409D0 (en) * 1997-05-20 1997-07-16 Bicc Plc Railway turnout
FR2788535B1 (fr) * 1999-01-15 2001-05-04 Comagep Coeur de croisement a pointe mobile et procede de fabrication d'un tel coeur de croisement
US6266866B1 (en) * 1999-07-21 2001-07-31 Vae Nortak North America Inc. Frog insert and assembly and method for making frog assembly
US6994299B2 (en) * 2002-12-13 2006-02-07 Cmi-Promex, Inc. Railroad crossing apparatus having improved rail connection and improved flangeway floor geometry and method incorporating the same
DE10310042B4 (de) * 2003-03-06 2007-04-12 Schreck-Mieves Gmbh Herzstück
DE10310043A1 (de) * 2003-03-06 2004-09-16 Schreck-Mieves Gmbh Herzstück
DE10310040A1 (de) * 2003-03-06 2004-09-16 Schreck-Mieves Gmbh Herzstück
KR100776266B1 (ko) 2006-11-29 2007-11-13 삼표이앤씨 주식회사 분기기용 크로싱 결선부 제거구조 및 방법
CN101474713B (zh) * 2009-01-22 2011-02-09 中铁宝桥股份有限公司 高锰钢辙叉与钢轨闪光对接焊接方法
US8424813B1 (en) 2011-01-25 2013-04-23 Cleveland Track Material, Inc. Elevated frog and rail track assembly
US8556217B1 (en) 2011-05-24 2013-10-15 Cleveland Track Material, Inc. Elevated frog and rail crossing track assembly
CN113668299B (zh) * 2021-08-20 2023-04-25 宜兴市鑫煜科技有限公司 一种铁路轨道电车岔道用整铸型辙叉结构及其制备工艺

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CH347854A (fr) * 1957-05-27 1960-07-31 Brev Ind S A Procédé d'assemblage d'éléments d'une voie de chemin de fer et voie obtenue par ce procédé
CH481267A (de) * 1966-12-21 1969-11-15 Kloeckner Werke Ag Einfaches Herzstück für Weichen und Kreuzungen mit schwenkbarer Herzstückspitze
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FR2155421A5 (de) * 1971-09-29 1973-05-18 Damy Gomez Sergio
FR2375391A1 (fr) * 1976-12-23 1978-07-21 Voest Ag Pointe de coeur de voie ferree
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EP0143289A1 (de) * 1983-10-29 1985-06-05 Schreck-Mieves GmbH Herzstück für Weichen oder Kreuzungen und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines solchen Herzstückes

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AT391500B (de) * 1987-11-05 1990-10-10 Voest Alpine Ag Umstellvorrichtung fuer bewegliche teile einer schienenweiche
AT390084B (de) * 1988-05-20 1990-03-12 Voest Alpine Maschinenbau Weiche mit einem herzstueck mit beweglicher haupt- und beispitze

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE581960C (de) * 1930-05-20 1933-08-09 Charles Richard Matthews Schienenkreuzung aus Strassenbahn- oder Eisenbahnschienen
CH308737A (de) * 1951-11-19 1955-07-31 Bamag Werke Fuer Eisenverarbei Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Herzstückes für Weichen und nach diesem Verfahren hergestelltes Herzstück.
CH347854A (fr) * 1957-05-27 1960-07-31 Brev Ind S A Procédé d'assemblage d'éléments d'une voie de chemin de fer et voie obtenue par ce procédé
CH481267A (de) * 1966-12-21 1969-11-15 Kloeckner Werke Ag Einfaches Herzstück für Weichen und Kreuzungen mit schwenkbarer Herzstückspitze
GB1224889A (en) * 1968-08-24 1971-03-10 Allen Edgar Eng Improvements in or relating to welded railway crossings
FR2155421A5 (de) * 1971-09-29 1973-05-18 Damy Gomez Sergio
FR2375391A1 (fr) * 1976-12-23 1978-07-21 Voest Ag Pointe de coeur de voie ferree
DE3418398A1 (de) * 1983-05-18 1984-11-22 Gépipari Technológiai Intézet, Budapest Geklebte-isolierte eisenbahnschienenverbindung
EP0143289A1 (de) * 1983-10-29 1985-06-05 Schreck-Mieves GmbH Herzstück für Weichen oder Kreuzungen und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines solchen Herzstückes

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Title
RAIL INTERNATIONAL, vol. 18 No 1, janvier 1983, pages 18,20-25, Bruxelles, BE; J. OECONOMOS: "The very small angle points and crossings on the high speed line from Paris to Lyon" *
ZEITSCHRIFT F]R EISENBAHNWESEN UND VERKEHRSTECHNIK, GLASERS ANNALEN, vol 103, No 11, novembre 1979, pages 387-397, Georg Siemens, Verlagsbuchhandlung Berlin DE; H. TROCHE: "Der Bau von Weichen" *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2737739A1 (fr) * 1995-08-10 1997-02-14 Cogifer Pointe mobile de coeur de croisement pour appareils de voie ferree de tres grande longueur, incorpores dans les longs rails soudes
US5618013A (en) * 1995-08-10 1997-04-08 Cogifer- Compagnie Generale D'installations Ferroviaires (Societe Anonyme A Directoire) Movable point for a crossing frog for railway apparatus of very great length, incorporated in long welded rails

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DE68904159T2 (de) 1993-06-24
EP0365450B2 (de) 1997-12-03
US5133522A (en) 1992-07-28
ES2017598T3 (es) 1993-07-16
HK1000921A1 (en) 1998-05-08
DE68904159D1 (de) 1993-02-11
PT91998A (pt) 1990-04-30
EP0365450B1 (de) 1992-12-30
GR3007352T3 (en) 1993-07-30
CA1324364C (fr) 1993-11-16
ATE84088T1 (de) 1993-01-15
ES2017598T5 (es) 1998-04-01
US5042755A (en) 1991-08-27
ES2017598A4 (es) 1991-03-01
DE68904159T3 (de) 1998-06-18
DE365450T1 (de) 1991-03-21
GR3026118T3 (en) 1998-05-29
PT91998B (pt) 1998-06-30
US5082214A (en) 1992-01-21

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