EP0361480A1 - Buse d'injection de combustible à commande de caractéristique du jet de combustible pour moteur à combustion interne - Google Patents

Buse d'injection de combustible à commande de caractéristique du jet de combustible pour moteur à combustion interne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0361480A1
EP0361480A1 EP89117969A EP89117969A EP0361480A1 EP 0361480 A1 EP0361480 A1 EP 0361480A1 EP 89117969 A EP89117969 A EP 89117969A EP 89117969 A EP89117969 A EP 89117969A EP 0361480 A1 EP0361480 A1 EP 0361480A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
injection nozzle
nozzle
injection
alternating
nozzle according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP89117969A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0361480B1 (fr
Inventor
Dietmar Dr. Hohm
Peter Dipl.-Phys. Kleinschmidt
Hans Dr. Meixner
Dieter Dipl.-Phys. Stein
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0361480A1 publication Critical patent/EP0361480A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0361480B1 publication Critical patent/EP0361480B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M45/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship
    • F02M45/12—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship providing a continuous cyclic delivery with variable pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M45/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship
    • F02M45/02—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship with each cyclic delivery being separated into two or more parts
    • F02M45/10—Other injectors with multiple-part delivery, e.g. with vibrating valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/0603—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using piezoelectric or magnetostrictive operating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M51/0696—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by the use of movable windings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/08—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle specially for low-pressure fuel-injection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M69/00—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel
    • F02M69/04—Injectors peculiar thereto
    • F02M69/041—Injectors peculiar thereto having vibrating means for atomizing the fuel, e.g. with sonic or ultrasonic vibrations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B1/00—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression
    • F02B1/02—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition
    • F02B1/04—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition with fuel-air mixture admission into cylinder

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a fuel injector as specified in the preamble of claim 1.
  • ultrasonic vibration is additionally provided, as has been known for a long time for ultrasonic liquid atomizers.
  • the ultrasound frequency to be used for liquid atomization is in the range above 100 KHz, depending on the configuration of a part of the nozzle which oscillates at the ultrasonic frequency.
  • the injection nozzle generates a fuel jet that corresponds to the design and has the character of a flowing droplet mist consisting of fine aerosol droplets from the part that vibrates at the ultrasonic frequency.
  • All known fuel injection nozzles have a characteristic shape of the fuel jet which is predetermined by their construction.
  • the shape of the fuel jet is known to be important for the air-fuel mixture formation, and not only in the With regard to minimal specific fuel consumption, but also with regard to environmental pollution due to undesirable emissions, and important for the smooth running of the engine.
  • a distinction is made between a fuel injection nozzle that generates a thread jet and a nozzle that delivers a cone jet. Both jet shapes are characteristic of one another, moreover, different size distributions of the droplets of the fuel sprayed out of the nozzle.
  • jet shapes are optimal.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide measures with which, in addition, at least largely optimal mixture formation can also be achieved with the selected injection nozzle for different operating states of the internal combustion engine.
  • the present invention is based on the idea of providing technical means on or for a fuel injection nozzle, with which the characteristic shape of the fuel jet of this one nozzle can be changed in an electrically controllable manner during operation.
  • the shape of the jet of the nozzle is controlled with these means in such a way that different opening angles of the injection jet, from the (slender) thread jet to a cone jet with, for example, 70 ° opening angle or even larger can be reached.
  • the spray shape can be controlled and optimally adjusted during operation.
  • a controllable change in the distribution of the droplet size is carried out.
  • the invention relates in particular to low-pressure injection at approximately 1 to 10 bar.
  • fuel injectors are also injectors.
  • the valve drive can be based on the effect of the liquid pressure exerted by the fuel to be injected.
  • injection nozzles are increasingly being provided with electromechanical devices for opening and closing their valve portion. Electromagnetic versions have mainly been provided for this purpose.
  • fuel injectors with a valve device with a piezoelectric drive.
  • the one fuel injection nozzle per cylinder is designed in such a way that it can bring about several mutually different, controllably selectable forms of "jet formation".
  • a "thread jet” can be generated with a fuel injection nozzle according to the invention, namely for continuous operation, the cross section of the impact on the valve being limited to a predeterminable proportion of the valve disk surface. This ensures that the fuel reaches the valve as “lossless” as possible and then immediately and without detour into the cylinder. The measured optimal air-fuel ratio can thus be maintained with certainty.
  • the evaporation of the fuel on the hot valve plate ensures that a finely divided fuel-air mixture is available for combustion in the cylinder.
  • the injection nozzle according to the invention is controlled so that a good fuel fine distribution occurs.
  • an injection “jet” is generated for this operating phase of the engine, which has a certain spreading in the manner of a cone jet.
  • a cone jet has the property that, and only at a certain distance from its nozzle opening, the liquid only disintegrates in the jet and that only then, but sufficiently early for the combustion process, is there a substantial proportion of the injection quantity in fine droplet distribution.
  • the above-mentioned distance is important here, because it can be achieved that this fuel fine distribution in the cone jet is present just before or even at the inlet valve and that droplets fail, e.g. on the wall of the intake pipe (i.e. in the area between the nozzle opening and the inlet valve) is excluded.
  • This advantage occurs particularly in such known injection nozzles that have an integrated ultrasonic liquid atomization. It must be taken into account that the fuel injector cannot be arranged anywhere near the inlet valve.
  • An injection nozzle according to the invention is designed so that it has a fast responding and fast working drive for opening and closing the nozzle opening. It can be advantageous in individual cases, in particular for optimally fulfilling the conditions in idle mode, if the injection nozzle according to the invention is one with proportional drive or proportional adjustability of the nozzle opening. It is thus easy to set such intermediate values of the degree of opening of the injection nozzle, with which an exact metering of the very small injection quantities that come into consideration, especially in idle mode, can be maintained per injection process.
  • the operational repetition frequency is in practical use, e.g. for a four-cylinder or six-cylinder engine and thus the repetition frequency for opening (t1) and closing (t2) the valve portion of the injector at about 5 Hz to 50 Hz.
  • the repetition frequency for opening (t1) and closing (t2) the valve portion of the injector at about 5 Hz to 50 Hz.
  • Correspondingly steep rising and falling edges of opening and closing of an injection nozzle according to the invention are at a frequency of considerably above 1 kHz (with a corresponding period T) as the upper limit of the Fourier spectrum of the opening and closing impulse.
  • the fuel throughput when the injector is continuously open (in the intake phase) is approx. 6 g / s per cylinder. This corresponds to almost full load operation.
  • the idle flow rate of such an engine is about 0.4 mg / s per cylinder. This clearly results in a dynamic range of four orders of magnitude to be managed.
  • 11 denotes the nozzle needle, which also acts as a valve needle. It is located in the nozzle part 12 which has the bore shown as the nozzle opening 13. If the injection nozzle is closed, the front end of the nozzle needle 11 closes the nozzle opening 13. 14 indicates the controllable mobility of the nozzle needle 11.
  • fuel indicated at 15 flows along the nozzle needle 11 and within the nozzle part 12 to the nozzle opening 13 in order to form an injection jet with the conical shape having the characteristic 15 shown.
  • This jet shape 15 results from the fact that the nozzle needle 11 in the open position is superimposed on the additional alternating stroke movement indicated by 14.
  • FIG. 3 reference can largely be made to the details described for FIG. 2. Reference symbols already described for FIG. 2 have the same or at least meaningful meaning in FIG. 3.
  • alternating stroke movement is provided for the nozzle part 12 with the nozzle opening 13.
  • there is a beam shape which essentially corresponds to that of the embodiment according to FIG. 2.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 show an additional device attached to the nozzle part 12 in the region of the nozzle opening 13.
  • FIG. 5 shows an end view belonging to FIG. 4, ie a view against the sprayed jet.
  • This additional device 51 of the actual injection nozzle of FIGS. 4 and 5 consist of, for example, four rod-shaped extensions 151, each of which are to be excited to perform lifting movements. These lifting movements are indicated by the individual arrows 54.
  • These stroke movements 54 are bending movements of the parts 151.
  • These parts 151 form longitudinal guides for the fuel jet 45 emerging from the nozzle opening 13.
  • the alternating stroke movements 54 which are transverse to its jet direction, lead to a jet shape as shown at 55.
  • the drive element 6 according to FIG. 6 consists of a stack of piezoelectrically excitable disks 61. These disks are provided with flat electrodes, not shown. Such stacks are known in principle and are also supplied with controlled electrical voltage in the present case. In particular, AC voltage is supplied, preferably with such a frequency that leads to resonant oscillatory movements of the lifting movement 114 of the stack or of the drive 6.
  • FIG. 7 shows a magnetostrictive embodiment 7 of a drive.
  • 71 denotes a rod which can be excited to magnetostriction movements and which is located inside a magnetic field coil 72.
  • This magnetic field coil 72 is supplied with electrical voltage, preferably again at a frequency which leads to resonance with a natural oscillation of the rod 71, which leads to a correspondingly large stroke amplitude of the stroke movement 114.
  • FIG. 8 shows a drive 8 with plunger coil 81 and pot magnet 82, as is known in principle from loudspeakers. With a corresponding electrical alternating excitation, such a device leads to mechanical stroke movements 114. Resonance excitation can also be effected here.
  • FIG. 9 shows an example of an injection nozzle according to the invention.
  • the details given for the figures described above have the same meaning in FIG. 9.
  • the actuator 91 denotes an actuator, for example a stack consisting of piezoelectric plates. By applying electrical voltage between the connections 92 and 93, this actuator changes its length and thus drives the plunger 94 and the nozzle needle 11 connected to the plunger 94.
  • the actuator 91 is used to open and close the valve by moving the valve needle 11.
  • the inflow opening of the injection nozzle for the fuel is designated by 95.
  • the drive device for the alternating lifting movement to be carried out according to the invention is designated by 96.
  • this drive device comprises a plurality of stacks 97 with the electrical connecting lines 98 and 99. Between the connections 98 and 99, the AC drive voltage for this lifting movement is to be applied.
  • the outer housing 12 of the injection nozzle is (sealed) divided, this nozzle part 12 guides through the work of the drive 96 perform the alternating stroke movements according to the invention, specifically compared to the nozzle needle which is stationary in this example in the open state. This corresponds to the embodiment variant of the invention already described above in connection with FIG. 3.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
EP89117969A 1988-09-29 1989-09-28 Buse d'injection de combustible à commande de caractéristique du jet de combustible pour moteur à combustion interne Expired - Lifetime EP0361480B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3833093 1988-09-29
DE3833093A DE3833093A1 (de) 1988-09-29 1988-09-29 Fuer verbrennungskraftmaschine vorgesehene kraftstoff-einspritzduese mit steuerbarer charakteristik des kraftstoffstrahls

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0361480A1 true EP0361480A1 (fr) 1990-04-04
EP0361480B1 EP0361480B1 (fr) 1992-05-20

Family

ID=6363986

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89117969A Expired - Lifetime EP0361480B1 (fr) 1988-09-29 1989-09-28 Buse d'injection de combustible à commande de caractéristique du jet de combustible pour moteur à combustion interne
EP89910599A Expired - Lifetime EP0436586B1 (fr) 1988-09-29 1989-09-28 Buse d'injection de carburant a jet de carburant reglable

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89910599A Expired - Lifetime EP0436586B1 (fr) 1988-09-29 1989-09-28 Buse d'injection de carburant a jet de carburant reglable

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US5199641A (fr)
EP (2) EP0361480B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH04501153A (fr)
DE (2) DE3833093A1 (fr)
ES (2) ES2031331T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO1990003512A1 (fr)

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EP0568936A1 (fr) * 1992-05-08 1993-11-10 John Lawrence Dressler Générateur de goutelettes de liquide
FR2762648A1 (fr) * 1997-04-25 1998-10-30 Renault Dispositif d'injection de carburant pour moteur a combustion interne
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WO2003027473A1 (fr) * 2001-09-15 2003-04-03 Robert Bosch Gmbh Procede pour eviter une carbonisation interieure de trous d'injection d'une soupape d'injection a trous multiples
US6765337B1 (en) 1998-01-22 2004-07-20 Robert Bosch Gmbh Piezoelectric actuator
EP1860317A1 (fr) * 2006-05-23 2007-11-28 Keihin Corporation Dispositif d'injection de carburant, dispositif de commande d'injection de carburant et procédé de commande du dispositif de commande d'injection
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FR2916810A1 (fr) * 2007-05-31 2008-12-05 Renault Sas Dispositif d'injection de fluide
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US7735751B2 (en) 2006-01-23 2010-06-15 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Ultrasonic liquid delivery device
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US7918211B2 (en) 2006-01-23 2011-04-05 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Ultrasonic fuel injector
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US9553254B2 (en) 2011-03-01 2017-01-24 Parker-Hannifin Corporation Automated manufacturing processes for producing deformable polymer devices and films
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EP0568936A1 (fr) * 1992-05-08 1993-11-10 John Lawrence Dressler Générateur de goutelettes de liquide
FR2762648A1 (fr) * 1997-04-25 1998-10-30 Renault Dispositif d'injection de carburant pour moteur a combustion interne
WO1998049443A1 (fr) * 1997-04-25 1998-11-05 Renault Dispositif d'injection de carburant pour moteur a combustion interne
US6765337B1 (en) 1998-01-22 2004-07-20 Robert Bosch Gmbh Piezoelectric actuator
WO2001011224A1 (fr) * 1999-08-05 2001-02-15 Robert Bosch Gmbh Procede de distribution dosee de carburant et installation d'injection de carburant
US7080624B2 (en) 2001-09-15 2006-07-25 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method for avoiding an internal coking of an injection hole for injection holes in a multi-hole injection valve
WO2003027473A1 (fr) * 2001-09-15 2003-04-03 Robert Bosch Gmbh Procede pour eviter une carbonisation interieure de trous d'injection d'une soupape d'injection a trous multiples
US8028930B2 (en) 2006-01-23 2011-10-04 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Ultrasonic fuel injector
US8191732B2 (en) 2006-01-23 2012-06-05 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Ultrasonic waveguide pump and method of pumping liquid
US7963458B2 (en) 2006-01-23 2011-06-21 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Ultrasonic liquid delivery device
US7918211B2 (en) 2006-01-23 2011-04-05 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Ultrasonic fuel injector
US7819335B2 (en) 2006-01-23 2010-10-26 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Control system and method for operating an ultrasonic liquid delivery device
US7810743B2 (en) 2006-01-23 2010-10-12 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Ultrasonic liquid delivery device
US7744015B2 (en) 2006-01-23 2010-06-29 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Ultrasonic fuel injector
US7735751B2 (en) 2006-01-23 2010-06-15 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Ultrasonic liquid delivery device
EP1860317A1 (fr) * 2006-05-23 2007-11-28 Keihin Corporation Dispositif d'injection de carburant, dispositif de commande d'injection de carburant et procédé de commande du dispositif de commande d'injection
WO2008122530A1 (fr) * 2007-04-05 2008-10-16 Continental Automotive Gmbh Soupape d'injection et procédé et dispositif pour exploiter une soupape d'injection
US8746213B2 (en) 2007-05-31 2014-06-10 Renault S.A.S. Fluid injection device
WO2008152314A3 (fr) * 2007-05-31 2009-02-12 Renault Sa Dispositif d'injection de fluide
WO2008152314A2 (fr) * 2007-05-31 2008-12-18 Renault S.A.S. Dispositif d'injection de fluide
FR2916810A1 (fr) * 2007-05-31 2008-12-05 Renault Sas Dispositif d'injection de fluide
CN101765712B (zh) * 2007-05-31 2012-02-08 雷诺股份公司 流体喷射装置
WO2009007595A3 (fr) * 2007-06-27 2009-02-26 Renault Sa Dispositif d'injection de fluide
WO2009007595A2 (fr) * 2007-06-27 2009-01-15 Renault S.A.S. Dispositif d'injection de fluide
FR2918122A1 (fr) * 2007-06-27 2009-01-02 Renault Sas Dispositif d'injection de fluide.
US8230840B2 (en) 2007-06-27 2012-07-31 Renault S.A.S. Fluid injection device
CN101790635B (zh) * 2007-06-27 2012-01-25 雷诺股份公司 流体喷射装置
WO2009083877A3 (fr) * 2007-12-28 2009-08-27 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Système et procédé de commande pour le fonctionnement d'un dispositif ultrasonore de distribution de liquide
FR2929656A1 (fr) * 2008-04-03 2009-10-09 Renault Sas Injecteur de fluide, et procede de commande d'un tel injecteur
WO2009136027A1 (fr) * 2008-04-03 2009-11-12 Renault S.A.S Injecteur de fluide, et procede de commande d'un tel injecteur
WO2011074970A1 (fr) * 2009-12-18 2011-06-23 Heinmade B.V. Dispositif pour distribuer une substance
NL1037570C2 (en) * 2009-12-18 2011-06-21 Heinmade B V A device for dispensing a substance.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1990003512A1 (fr) 1990-04-05
EP0361480B1 (fr) 1992-05-20
ES2015816A6 (es) 1990-09-01
DE58902915D1 (de) 1993-01-14
EP0436586B1 (fr) 1992-12-02
ES2031331T3 (es) 1992-12-01
JPH04501153A (ja) 1992-02-27
DE3833093A1 (de) 1990-04-12
US5199641A (en) 1993-04-06
EP0436586A1 (fr) 1991-07-17

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