EP0294326A1 - Dispositif pour la fabrication de pierres moulées - Google Patents

Dispositif pour la fabrication de pierres moulées Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0294326A1
EP0294326A1 EP88810328A EP88810328A EP0294326A1 EP 0294326 A1 EP0294326 A1 EP 0294326A1 EP 88810328 A EP88810328 A EP 88810328A EP 88810328 A EP88810328 A EP 88810328A EP 0294326 A1 EP0294326 A1 EP 0294326A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
box
molding box
side wall
concrete
stone
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP88810328A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Willi Ruckstuhl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0294326A1 publication Critical patent/EP0294326A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04CSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C1/00Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
    • E04C1/39Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings characterised by special adaptations, e.g. serving for locating conduits, for forming soffits, cornices, or shelves, for fixing wall-plates or door-frames, for claustra
    • E04C1/395Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings characterised by special adaptations, e.g. serving for locating conduits, for forming soffits, cornices, or shelves, for fixing wall-plates or door-frames, for claustra for claustra, fences, planting walls, e.g. sound-absorbing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28BSHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/0029Moulds or moulding surfaces not covered by B28B7/0058 - B28B7/36 and B28B7/40 - B28B7/465, e.g. moulds assembled from several parts
    • B28B7/0035Moulds characterised by the way in which the sidewalls of the mould and the moulded article move with respect to each other during demoulding
    • B28B7/0041Moulds characterised by the way in which the sidewalls of the mould and the moulded article move with respect to each other during demoulding the sidewalls of the mould being moved only parallelly away from the sidewalls of the moulded article
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28BSHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/0064Moulds characterised by special surfaces for producing a desired surface of a moulded article, e.g. profiled or polished moulding surfaces
    • B28B7/007Moulds characterised by special surfaces for producing a desired surface of a moulded article, e.g. profiled or polished moulding surfaces with moulding surfaces simulating natural effets, e.g. wood or stone
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0232Undercut connections, e.g. using undercut tongues and grooves
    • E04B2002/0234Angular dovetails
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0243Separate connectors or inserts, e.g. pegs, pins or keys
    • E04B2002/0252Dovetail keys
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0256Special features of building elements
    • E04B2002/0269Building elements with a natural stone facing

Definitions

  • a large number of shaped blocks made of cast concrete are known. Such shaped stones are used especially for creating embankments and walls.
  • the present invention relates to a new shaped block of this type and to a method and a device for its factory production.
  • Such shaped stones are conventionally manufactured in a wide variety of forms by means of special devices.
  • a molding box is used, the inside of which corresponds to the negative shape of the stone to be produced.
  • This molding stone lies on a support board which is pushed by a board car traveling on rails onto a plate which acts as the main vibrator and is arranged under the molding box. First the molding box is placed on the underlay board. Then its interior is covered with concrete pours.
  • the storage silo can be emptied into the filling car via a snout.
  • the filling car is moved back under the silo and a stamp is lowered onto the poured concrete.
  • the cross-sectional area of the stamp is adapted to the shape of the upper boundary surfaces of the shaped stone to be manufactured.
  • the stamp is usually pressed onto the filled concrete by hydraulic means. At the same time, this stamp acts as a load vibrator.
  • a main vibrator also interacts with the vibrating of the stamp from the lower side of the molding box, that is from below the platen.
  • the stamp When the stamp is pressed on, vibrations are made from above and below, which results in a considerable compression of the filled concrete. As a result, the concrete optimally fills all corners and angles inside the molding box. Its compaction gives it a strength that allows it to be removed from the form immediately.
  • the molding box is raised vertically along the stamp over it, while the stamp is still pressing on the molding stone. As soon as the lower end of the molding box has been raised above the stamp surface, is started also took the stamp from the molding box and started it up.
  • the finished shaped block is now lying as a blank on the underlay board, which is pushed away from the wooden wagon in order to then be transported further by means of a conveyor. The empty board car is then moved back again.
  • the molding box In the case of repeated ancestors, he pushes a new underlay board onto the main vibrator. The molding box is then lowered onto the underlay board and refilled with concrete. In this conventional method, the molded block is always removed in the vertical direction by moving the molded box vertically upwards. The inside of the molding box defines all the lateral boundary surfaces of the molded block to be manufactured as well as all surfaces visible from above on the finished molded block with the exception of its uppermost boundary surface. As a result of the vertical movement of the mold box for demoulding, it is not possible to use the mold box to form any other surfaces on the mold stone than those listed above.
  • embankment stones each of which forms an open-topped box, are used to create embankments with different angles of inclination.
  • the individual embankment stones are turned into one from bottom to top embanking slope used, the embankment stones are usually stacked slightly offset on each other. Each row is set back from the lower one according to the slope.
  • the stones have special heels that serve as stops, which effectively prevent a stone from being pushed over the lower one.
  • a shaped block which is distinguished by the fact that it has at least one visible side structured like natural stone, and by a method for its factory production according to the preamble of patent claim 1 with the characterizing features of the same patent claim and by means of a device for exercising it Method according to the preamble of claim 2 with the characterizing features of the same claim.
  • the shaped block according to the invention and the method according to the invention are explained in the following description with reference to the drawings.
  • a device for performing the method is also shown and described on the basis of an exemplary embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 The essential components of a device according to the invention for carrying out the method according to the invention are shown in FIG. 1.
  • an underlay board 13 which rests on a so-called wooden cart and can therefore be moved horizontally by moving the wooden cart back and forth, can be seen here in Cross section drawn the movable side wall 4 of the molding box.
  • this side wall 4 can be displaced translationally perpendicular to its wall surface from left to right and vice versa.
  • It is connected to two bolts 10 which are mounted and guided in a bolt bearing plate 6 by means of bearing sleeves 14.
  • a sliding cap 12 is placed on each of the bolt ends, which abuts against a control piece 9.
  • the control pieces 9 have a shape on both sides in the plan, which form a guide curve for the bolts 10.
  • a sliding plate 8 connects the two control pieces 9 and is slidably mounted perpendicular to the sheet plane.
  • Compression springs 11 are placed over the bolts 10 between the bolt bearing plate 6 and the sliding caps 12. These compression springs ensure that the bolts 10 with their sliding caps 12 are always pressed against the control pieces 9. If the sliding plate 8 is now moved, the control pieces 9 slide with their lateral boundary surfaces, which each form a guide curve for the bolts 10, past their sliding caps 12. Accordingly, the bolts 10 move back and forth in the bearing sleeves 14 and move the side wall 4 of the molding box.
  • a structural plate 5 can be detached from this side wall 4 on the side facing the inside of the molding box attached.
  • the structure 18 of this plate is modeled on that of an arbitrary natural stone.
  • This structure plate 5 can consist of various suitable materials. For example, polyurethane, so-called nodular cast iron or ordinary aluminum, steel or gray cast iron is best suited. In any case, the material of the structure plate 18 has to withstand considerable pressures, the filling concrete should not adhere to it and the structure 18 should not be gradually eroded away when the concrete is introduced. To the left of the structural plate 5, the shaped block 1 that has just been produced is shown hatched in cross section.
  • a molding box insert 2 which forms a further negative mold for the inner boundary surfaces of the molded block to be produced, which can be seen from above.
  • This insert 2 consists of appropriately shaped steel plates and also comprises a cover which is intended to prevent concrete from entering the insert 2 when it is being poured in.
  • the mechanism described above for displacing the side surface 4 and the structure plate 5 is also protected by a special cover plate 7, so that no concrete can penetrate this area.
  • the stamp 3 acts on the free area of the molding box at the top.
  • This stamp 3 also acts as a load vibrator.
  • the main vibrator is effective from the lower side of the base board.
  • the method according to the invention will now be explained below using the described device.
  • the starting position is the free underlay board 13 without all the devices shown on it. It belongs on a so-called board wagon, which can advantageously be moved on rails.
  • This board trolley is initially moved under the entire device in such a way that the underlay board 13 pushes onto a main vibrator and is located completely under the molding box.
  • the molding box is lowered onto the support board 13. This is usually done with the help of hydraulic cylinder-piston units or purely mechanically. With the lowering of the molding box as the first process step, the situation shown in FIG.
  • the molding box insert 2 the structure plate 5 and the side wall 4 as well as the bolt 10
  • the bearing plate 6 and the sliding plate 8 with the Control pieces 9 is firmly connected to the molding box.
  • a filling car is moved over the lowered molding box.
  • the filling car consisting essentially of an open frame, runs over the covers of the molding box as well as over its openings.
  • a container with ready-to-use concrete is arranged above the production site.
  • the container has a movable segment at the bottom, which forms a snout by means of which the concrete is poured out.
  • the snout is opened by the filling truck when the container is passed under it.
  • the filling truck now moves back and forth on the molding box and this is thereby filled with concrete.
  • the punch 3 which can be moved vertically with respect to the molding box, then moves down onto the filled-in concrete. In this position, which is now shown in FIG. 1, considerable pressure is applied to it and at the same time it is set in vibration.
  • the main vibrator which acts with the plunger 3 acting as a load vibrator, takes effect from the lower side of the support board 13 cooperates.
  • the filled-in concrete 1 is optimally pressed and vibrated, as a result of which it reaches all corners and angles of the interior of the molding box and fills it completely.
  • the molded block 1 thus far can now be removed.
  • the molding box could simply be extended vertically upwards.
  • the structured side 18 of the shaped block 1 in the example shown here in FIG. 1 is overhanging towards the top and outside. Therefore, as a further, third step, the movable side wall 4, which carries the structure plate 5, is moved back to the right at least as far as the vertical distance between the highest elevation and the deepest depression is on the structure.
  • this retraction takes place by moving the control pieces 9.
  • the sliding caps 12 of the bolts 10 slide along the lateral movement surfaces of these control pieces 9, which surfaces thereby act as guide curves.
  • the control pieces 9 are moved over the sliding plate 8 by means of a hydraulic cylinder-piston unit.
  • the compression springs 11 press the bolts 10 as far as the Slide bearings 12 are left to the right, so that they pull the side wall 4 with the structural plate 5 attached to it to the right.
  • the maximum difference in height of the guide curve on the control piece 9 must therefore correspond to the desired displacement distance of the structure plate 5.
  • the freshly pressed and compacted molded block is exposed to such an extent by the pushed back structural plate 5 that the molding box as a whole can now be raised as the fourth process step. It is important here that the lowermost edges of the molding box are raised somewhat further past the lowermost edges of the stamp 3, so that a clean formwork takes place on the upper edges of the fresh molded block 1.
  • the fifth process step is the raising of the stamp 3, whereby the finished molded block is finally exposed.
  • the underlay board 13 now loaded with the molding is pushed away from the main vibrator by means of the board trolley and thereby reaches the driver of a conveying path to a lifting ladder, a board silo, which is emptied by a special vehicle. This brings the moldings into special hardening chambers, where they are stored for hardening. As soon as the board car again a new underlay board 13, who fetched it from a board magazine and pushed it onto the main vibrator, the process begins again.
  • FIG. 2 shows a device which is in principle identical to the device shown in FIG. 1 in plan view. However, this is a multiple molding box 17, with which several molded blocks 1 are manufactured simultaneously in one process. Only a section of this multiple-shape box is shown, namely one of its four corners. It can extend repeatedly to the left and upwards in the same way as often as desired.
  • a double-acting mechanism for moving two mutually opposite movable side walls 4 can be seen. Both side walls 4 in turn carry a structural plate 5.
  • the control pieces 9 are arranged symmetrically along the displacement axis. On the sliding plate 8 there are several such symmetrical control pieces 9 one behind the other, on the lateral boundary surfaces of which one of the sliding caps 12 of a bolt 10 is present.
  • this mechanism offers the advantage in the simplest possible way that it can easily apply pressure to the side walls 4. This pressure is generated when the concrete is pressed in indirectly acting on the structural plates and is just absorbed by the control pieces 9, which can easily absorb the reaction forces, since these occur in opposite directions on both sides. The formwork is also easy, despite the fact that the entire mechanism is jammed under the large pressure of the punch. A hydraulic cylinder-piston unit is nevertheless able to move the sliding plate 8 with ease and to release the jam. A one-way mechanism is shown on the right-hand side of FIG.
  • the compressive forces are released on the outer wall of the multiple molding box 17.
  • these are mounted on special slide bearings 16 on the side wall.
  • the multiple molding box allows the simultaneous production of a number of shaped blocks 1 with different structures, so that a natural variation of each type of structure is achieved.
  • the type of the same structure gives the impression of a natural irregularity when viewed, whereby the shaped stones are hardly recognizable as factory stones.
  • FIG. 3 The same device as that just described in FIG. 2 is also shown in FIG. 3, but here in a cross section.
  • FIG. 4 shows an example of a shaped brick for creating an ordinary wall as it is produced by the method according to the invention.
  • This stone has a visible side 20, the structure of which can hardly be distinguished from a hewn natural stone. Since a whole range of stones with a similar, but varied structure is produced with a multi-stone box, a wall created with such stones actually looks strikingly natural.
  • a wall made of such shaped stones is shown. It consists of several stones of different sizes. The stones everyone Stone size can, however, be absolutely identical. Such an assortment of different stone sizes can be manufactured in one operation using a multiple molding box.
  • the structure which already varies from stone size to stone size, is further loosened.
  • Such a wall can hardly be seen that it consists of factory-made shaped stones.
  • the stones used are considerably less expensive than rough natural stones.
  • the remaining sides of the stones are of a regularity that is pleasant for installation.
  • the shaped block shown in Figure 6 is used specifically for creating embankments. It is box-shaped and has an overhanging front, which is provided with a structure. The front side is somewhat raised compared to the other sides of the box, whereby a shoulder 21 is formed which, when this type of stone is stacked, serves as a stop for the one lying thereon.
  • the box is open at the bottom. At least a third of the inside of the molded stone facing the front is closed by a base piece 22. The purpose of this floor is clear from the figure 7.
  • FIG. 7 shows on the left a stack of shaped stones according to the invention for creating an embankment.
  • Each stone is pushed forward with its front up to the stop on the lower stone.
  • a maximum slope angle of almost 80 ° is achieved with the proportions of the shaped block shown here.
  • Humus is filled into the inside of the shaped stones, which are designed similar to flower boxes. Under those stones that have a piece of soil, the earth material settles in such a way that a free corner remains in the stone below at the top front. This humus can be planted there.
  • the right image in Figure 7 shows the same slope from the front.
  • the stones in each row are offset from the lower ones. This creates free space for planting.
  • FIG. 8 shows an embankment wall which is built up with the same shaped stones, but in which the individual stones are strung together and offset in half from row to row. What is peculiar about this wall is the fact that no horizontal joints are visible. Instead of horizontal joints there are small shoulders around which the wall goes from row to row is set back. These heels look particularly original when viewed from the front and loosen up the otherwise strict scheme of a vertical wall.
  • Figure 9 shows such a wall as shown in Figure 8 seen from above, that is in plan. It can be clearly seen how the stones are staggered from row to row and also half-staggered laterally. The wall can still be filled with soil or concrete even after the stones have been stacked. In practice, however, it is most advantageous to fill in continuously.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
EP88810328A 1987-06-05 1988-05-24 Dispositif pour la fabrication de pierres moulées Withdrawn EP0294326A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH2133/87A CH673428A5 (fr) 1987-06-05 1987-06-05
CH2133/87 1987-06-05

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0294326A1 true EP0294326A1 (fr) 1988-12-07

Family

ID=4226644

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88810328A Withdrawn EP0294326A1 (fr) 1987-06-05 1988-05-24 Dispositif pour la fabrication de pierres moulées

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US4869660A (fr)
EP (1) EP0294326A1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS6453807A (fr)
AU (1) AU599803B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA1302058C (fr)
CH (1) CH673428A5 (fr)
IL (1) IL86489A (fr)
ZA (1) ZA883903B (fr)

Cited By (6)

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EP0404509A1 (fr) * 1989-01-13 1990-12-27 Yuan-Ho Lee Procédé pour le moulage de parois en béton
FR2680189A1 (fr) * 1991-08-05 1993-02-12 Lambert Yves Mur en plaques modulaires.
DE29613248U1 (de) * 1996-07-31 1996-10-02 Rampf Formen Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Fertigung von Betonkörpern mit unteren und/oder seitlichen Aussparungen
EP2148019A2 (fr) * 2008-07-25 2010-01-27 Cornaz et Fils S.A. Bloc de construction de murs
EP3603912A1 (fr) * 2018-07-31 2020-02-05 Christian Prilhofer Élément de coffrage, système de coffrage et procédé de fabrication d'un composant
DE102022129623A1 (de) 2022-11-09 2024-05-16 SurFunction GmbH Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Werkzeugs, Werkzeug, Verfahren zur Bearbeitung eines Werkstücks, Werkstück

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FR2680189A1 (fr) * 1991-08-05 1993-02-12 Lambert Yves Mur en plaques modulaires.
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EP2148019A2 (fr) * 2008-07-25 2010-01-27 Cornaz et Fils S.A. Bloc de construction de murs
EP2148019A3 (fr) * 2008-07-25 2013-06-19 Cornaz et Fils S.A. Bloc de construction de murs
EP3603912A1 (fr) * 2018-07-31 2020-02-05 Christian Prilhofer Élément de coffrage, système de coffrage et procédé de fabrication d'un composant
DE102018118454B4 (de) 2018-07-31 2022-01-05 Christian Prilhofer Schalungselement und Schalungssystem zur Herstellung eines Bauteils
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AU599803B2 (en) 1990-07-26
CA1302058C (fr) 1992-06-02
AU1731588A (en) 1988-12-08
JPS6453807A (en) 1989-03-01
IL86489A0 (en) 1988-11-15
IL86489A (en) 1991-06-30
US4869660A (en) 1989-09-26
ZA883903B (en) 1989-03-29
CH673428A5 (fr) 1990-03-15

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