EP0225893B1 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zum mauern von wandscheiben aus bausteinen - Google Patents

Verfahren und vorrichtung zum mauern von wandscheiben aus bausteinen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0225893B1
EP0225893B1 EP86903239A EP86903239A EP0225893B1 EP 0225893 B1 EP0225893 B1 EP 0225893B1 EP 86903239 A EP86903239 A EP 86903239A EP 86903239 A EP86903239 A EP 86903239A EP 0225893 B1 EP0225893 B1 EP 0225893B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
building blocks
mortar
turning table
portal frame
turntable
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP86903239A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0225893A1 (de
Inventor
Anton Anliker
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT86903239T priority Critical patent/ATE46008T1/de
Publication of EP0225893A1 publication Critical patent/EP0225893A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0225893B1 publication Critical patent/EP0225893B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/04—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres
    • E04C2/041—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres composed of a number of smaller elements, e.g. bricks, also combined with a slab of hardenable material
    • E04C2/042—Apparatus for handling the smaller elements or the hardenable material; bricklaying machines for prefabricated panels
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
    • E04G21/14—Conveying or assembling building elements
    • E04G21/16—Tools or apparatus
    • E04G21/22—Tools or apparatus for setting building elements with mortar, e.g. bricklaying machines

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for masonry wall panels made of building blocks, the building blocks being fastened to supports which are pivotally mounted about an axis extending parallel to the wall building block, and the building blocks being turned by pivoting the supports and with the top facing downward into their end position be spent in the wall pane.
  • the masonry machine shown there comprises a height-adjustable scaffold on which a carriage can be moved along the wall.
  • Two swivel arms are mounted on the carriage, each of which can hold a brick by means of a clamping device.
  • the bricks are picked up by a conveyor belt on the wagon and then moved to the top of the wall by swiveling through 180 ° and releasing them.
  • German Offenlegungsschrift 2044661 describes a mechanical method for building walls, in which several building blocks are clamped in a row on an angle rail.
  • This angle rail is pivoted by 90 ° on a support that can be moved in several directions.
  • the mortar is squeezed away to the side.
  • the placement of new building blocks on the angle rail is made difficult by the fact that the angle rail is difficult to access because of the wall.
  • the invention is based on the object of proposing a method and a device for faster and more precise movement of the building blocks and to further rationalize this work. It should be possible to produce wall panes of different dimensions and using different building blocks, with recesses such as window and door openings being provided in the wall panes.
  • This object is achieved in that several blocks intended for arrangement within a layer are jointly turned around a shaft which can be moved vertically relative to a portal scaffold and are then placed in a prepared mortar bed by lowering to a predetermined height.
  • the blocks are first connected to each other by attaching them to a carrier.
  • the shaft of the beam is stationary in the horizontal direction, so that the exact location of the building blocks over the previously laid position is obvious.
  • the vertical lowering of the turned stones hanging on the support to a precisely predetermined height results in mortar joints of uniform thickness and the mortar can penetrate into the vertical channels of the building blocks.
  • the carrier can be very long, for example 8 meters, and thus ensures great performance.
  • a suitable device for performing the described method according to the invention is that a horizontally movable portal frame and a wing-like attached to a horizontal shaft turning table is provided, that the shaft is received at its ends in bearings that are guided on the portal frame height adjustable and one Have drive for a pivoting movement by 180 °, and that a clamping device for holding several blocks is attached to the turning table.
  • the building blocks are moved with millimeter precision.
  • the bearings of the turning table are guided vertically on the portal frame and the height can be adjusted precisely.
  • the individual height levels are precisely pre-programmed according to the height of the blocks used and after each relocation process, the turning table moves down again - or in the case of the lowest layers - up to its basic position at a comfortable working height for loading with blocks.
  • a further feature of the method is therefore that the row of stones laid out on the turning table for lifting is lowered or lowered with the turning table and is moved by turning after the corresponding height has been reached. ! c
  • the clamping device for fixing the building blocks on the turning table consists of a stop bar attached to the turning table in the longitudinal direction and a plurality of clamping jaws pressing transversely to the stop bar.
  • the stop bar and the clamping jaws are preferably provided with a hard elastic coating or consist of a wear-resistant elastic material in order to prevent the jammed stones from slipping off.
  • the clamping must be so effective that it can withstand the full weight of the stones, so that they are suspended.
  • the jaws are preferably by means of individual jointly actuated lifting cylinders driven, for example pneumatic lifting cylinders, which are connected to a common compressed air line.
  • the lifting cylinders or the clamping jaws are expediently inclined toward the turning table in the feed direction.
  • Special guide elements for the clamping jaws can be attached to the turning table, which absorb the weight forces or prevent the jaws from rotating around the piston rod. Since the stroke of the clamping jaws is limited, the stop bar is preferably mounted so that it can be processed parallel to itself in the transverse direction on the turning table for processing blocks of different widths.
  • the mobile portal scaffold can have a storage floor for building blocks and an overhead crane with a gripper for individual building blocks.
  • the building blocks usually delivered on pallets are placed on the storage floor.
  • the crane preferably has a bridge which can be moved parallel to the wall disc on the portal frame and on which a trolley can be moved in the transverse direction. With the help of this crane, the worker takes the building blocks individually or in groups from the pallet and places them on the turning table. In the case of window openings, the row of building blocks which form a layer can also have gaps. When the stone layer is clamped, the clamping jaws not encountering resistance run into their end position. The arrangement is such that each stone is gripped by at least one of the clamped jaws.
  • the turntable is provided with a longitudinally conveying roller conveyor, which from one end, i. H. is loaded on the side of the portal scaffold.
  • a special loading carriage could be provided which has a conveyor belt on which the stones are conveyed one after the other. The worker then only has to distribute the stones on the roller table of the turning table and position them correctly.
  • the turning table is a grate made of transverse bars, the rollers can be arranged between the bars and optionally lowered. The turning table could also always be loaded in its lowest height position. In this case, the roller conveyor can be arranged stationary.
  • a mortar application device guided on a horizontal frame that can be moved vertically on the portal frame, can be moved back and forth in the longitudinal direction above the wall pane.
  • the mortar application device can have a mortar storage container and a mortar discharge pipe which can be pivoted about a vertical axis and which is in one pivot position on the way there and in the other pivot position on the way back.
  • two mortar beads lying next to each other are applied.
  • the amount of mortar discharged per unit of time can be adjusted by a slide on the discharge pipe or by the speed of a screw conveyor arranged in the same.
  • the movement of the mortar application device is preferably controlled automatically, that is to say it starts automatically after a stone layer has been moved, for example, while the turning table moves back
  • a quadratic portal frame which consists of two square side frames that are movable on rollers 1 and are connected to each other by cross members.
  • the side frames consist of a lower and upper side members 2 and 3 and three supports 4 to 6, of which the latter two have a small mutual distance and are referred to below as a double support.
  • the double support corresponds to two upper crossbeams 7 and 8 which are closely pushed together, and in the area of the supports 4 an upper crossbeam 9 and a lower crossbeam 10 are provided. A lower cross connection in the area of the double supports is missing.
  • a travel drive 11 is arranged on the cross member 10.
  • a bearing plate 12 On the outside of the two double supports, a bearing plate 12 is guided so that it can move vertically with the aid of small rollers. These bearing plates hang on chains 13, which are placed above sprockets 14. These are mounted on the scaffold and are driven by a geared motor 16 via a shaft 15 which extends along the cross members 7 and 8 over the entire width of the scaffold.
  • a reversible shaft 17 of square cross section extends between the bearing plates 12, at the ends of which strong transmission motors 18 mounted on the bearing plates 12 (not shown in Fig. 2) attack.
  • a rust-like turning table 20 consisting of flat bars 19 is welded to the turning shaft 17.
  • FIG. 1 The details of the turning table 20 are shown in FIG. 1.
  • building blocks 21 are placed on the turning table 20.
  • a stop bar 22 runs along the longitudinal edge of the turning table facing away from the turning shaft, the fastening tabs 23 of which engage between the flat bars 19.
  • a row of holes 24 in the relevant flat bars in cooperation with screws or socket pins allows the stop bar 22 to be adjusted parallel to itself in accordance with the width of the building blocks 21 used. These are placed directly on the stop bar 22 and thereby precisely aligned
  • Flat clamping jaws 25 which extend in the longitudinal direction of the table and which are each connected in the middle to the piston rod of a pneumatic cylinder 26, are used for clamping the building blocks 21.
  • the cylinders 26 and clamping jaws 25 are arranged inclined with respect to the turning table 20 in such a way that the module 21, which is only held in its lower edge region, is pressed onto the turning table.
  • Guides 27 made of bent flat iron, which are welded to the turning table 20, lie over the clamping jaws 25 and prevent the clamping jaws from rotating together with the piston rod.
  • a total of twenty-eight pneumatic cylinders 26 and clamping jaws 25 are provided, which are mainly indicated in FIGS. 3 and 4 only by their center lines.
  • the jaws are about 25 cm long and follow each other with a distance of only a few cm.
  • the turning table 20 is loaded with the aid of a bridge crane 28 indicated in FIG. 2, with the gripper 29 of which the blocks can be removed from the block supply 30.
  • the supply is delivered on pallets which are placed on a pallet rack 31 of the portal frame.
  • a mortar application device is attached to the portal frame, the main component of which is a round mortar storage container 32. It can be moved horizontally on an elongated frame frame, designated overall by 33, which has two longitudinal beams 34 and 35.
  • the frame 33 extends in front of the portal frame, hangs on chains 36 and is guided vertically by means of small rollers on the double supports of the portal frame.
  • the chains 36 each wrap around a chain wheel 37, these chain wheels being driven together by a gear motor 39 via a shaft 38.
  • a gear motor 39 For the horizontal movement of the mortar storage container 32, this is connected to an endless rope, not shown in detail, which is moved by a rope motor 40.
  • the mortar storage container is furthermore pivotally mounted in the frame 33 about its vertical central axis.
  • a horizontal mortar discharge pipe 41 is arranged, which contains a screw conveyor, so that the mortar exits at a beak 42 with an adjustable opening width. If a mortar bead is placed when the mortar storage container 32 travels along the frame 33, a second bead can be placed next to it by a slight pivoting movement of the mortar discharge pipe 41 in the reverse position on the return trip. The extent of the pivoting movement, controlled by a pneumatic pivoting cylinder 43 (FIG. 3), determines the distance between the mortar beads.
  • An ultrasonic sensor 46 which is fastened to the traveling frame of the mortar storage container 32, emits signals in the direction perpendicular to the wall. It runs approximately next to the beak 42 and stops the mortar outflow if the signals do not hit a block.
  • the individual drive movements are controlled with known electrical or electronic aids.
  • the temporal processes are chained together.
  • certain floor heights and intermediate heights in the distance between the individual layers of the wall pane to be listed are fixedly programmed both for the turning table 20 and for the frame 33.
  • the main limit switches used are inductive sensors, which interact with adjustable metal touch fingers.
  • the device described is used to work with one operator as follows.
  • the frame 33 is in its lowest height position, ie a stone height lower than shown in Fig.2.
  • the turning table 20 is, as shown in FIG. 2, in the basic position, specifically at the loading height that is comfortable for working, to which it returns after each swiveling operation.
  • the process begins with the preparation of a mortar bed for the first layer of stone.
  • a strip of roofing felt is laid out on the floor and then the mortar storage container 32 moves back and forth on the frame 33 once and places two mortar beads on the roofing felt.
  • the frame 33 then moves one step higher into the position shown in FIG. 2.
  • the mortar container is located on the far right (FIG. 4).
  • a first row of building blocks 21 is then placed on the turning table 20 and aligned with the stop bar 22. Appropriate markings can be made on the stop bar for orientation in the longitudinal direction of the table.
  • the operator gives a control signal.
  • the pneumatic cylinders 26 are first pressurized, so that the clamping jaws 25 rest against the building blocks 21 and fix them on the turning table.
  • the entire assembly consisting of the turning table 20, turning shaft 17, bearing plates 12 and geared motors 18 moves down to a height position I.
  • the pivoting movement of the turning table is initiated automatically by 180 ° to the right (FIG. 1).
  • the blocks 21 hang approximately 10 cm above the floor surface.
  • the turning table with the bearing plates 12 lowers again so far into the height position I 'that the row of stones is squeezed fully into the mortar bed. Then the clamping jaws 25 are relieved, the turning table moves a short distance upwards into the height position I, swivels back through 180 ° into the basic position and then continues upwards to the loading height. Thereafter - automatically coupled laterally - the mortar storage container 32 again moves back and forth and places two mortar beads on this first layer of stone (FIG. 2). Subsequently, the frame 3 moves up another step in preparation.
  • the turntable 20 can already be loaded again.
  • the operator again signals.
  • the row of stones is first braced on the turning table 20, then the turning table moves down to the height position 11, turns, and moves further down to the height position II 'in order to move the second stone position on the first.
  • the stones are pressed onto the fresh mortar bed in exactly the vertical direction.
  • the clamping device is released, whereupon the turning table moves a little way up to height position II, swivels back and finally reaches the loading height again.
  • a renewed mortar coating of the second layer and the raising of the frame 33 follows.
  • the turning table Since the loading height of the turning table is roughly between the height positions II and III, after the third loading that follows, the turning table does not move downwards but upwards to height position 111. Here it pivots, moves downwards to height position III ', the third Stones are moved, the clamping devices open, the turning table moves back to height position 111, swivels back to the basic position and moves down to the loading height. In this way, layer by layer of the relevant wall pane 45 is applied.
  • the blocks are moved in every direction with the highest precision.
  • the device can therefore also be used to move highly precise gas concrete blocks, using a suitable adhesive instead of mortar.
  • the wall slab consisting of building blocks 45 or first stone layer is shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 4. In the example, it can be up to 8 meters long and 2.50 meters high. Instead of such a long wall, which is difficult to transport, several short wall sections that are a short distance apart can be created at the same time on one level.
  • the portal scaffold moves a bit further and then the next wall follows at a short distance.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 show a roller conveyor consisting of individual conveyor rollers 47. These are mounted on axially parallel bases on a foundation 48 and are driven by individual electric motors 49. These conveyor rollers 47 each protrude into the spaces between the flat bars 19 of the turning table 20 and, in the bottom position of the turning table shown at the bottom, protrude a little beyond the upper edges 50 of the flat bars 19. Thus, in this position of the turning table, the bricks indicated by dash-dotted lines can be automatically moved into their correct position on the turning table. As soon as the turning table only swings up a little, the conveyor rollers 47 remain behind and the stones lie on the turning table. You are now held between the stop bar 22 and the jaws 25 so that the turning table 20 can perform its pivoting movement.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
EP86903239A 1985-06-10 1986-06-05 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum mauern von wandscheiben aus bausteinen Expired EP0225893B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86903239T ATE46008T1 (de) 1985-06-10 1986-06-05 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum mauern von wandscheiben aus bausteinen.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19853520788 DE3520788A1 (de) 1985-06-10 1985-06-10 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum mauern von wandscheiben aus bausteinen
DE3520788 1985-06-10

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0225893A1 EP0225893A1 (de) 1987-06-24
EP0225893B1 true EP0225893B1 (de) 1989-08-30

Family

ID=6272904

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86903239A Expired EP0225893B1 (de) 1985-06-10 1986-06-05 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum mauern von wandscheiben aus bausteinen

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US4829737A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
EP (1) EP0225893B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS63500252A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AU (1) AU5962886A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA1265322A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (2) DE3520788A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NZ (1) NZ216464A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
WO (1) WO1986007403A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Families Citing this family (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3712847A1 (de) * 1987-04-15 1988-11-03 Albert Wager Verfahren und einrichtung zum maschinellen mauern von waenden aus bausteinen
WO1989001555A1 (en) * 1987-08-17 1989-02-23 Panelbrick Industries Pty. Ltd. Brick placing machine
DE3890629T1 (de) * 1987-08-17 1989-10-19 Panelbrick Pty Ltd Mauerstein-setzmaschine
DE8810244U1 (de) * 1988-05-05 1988-10-13 Möller, Hans, 3445 Waldkappel An Gebäudegerüsten anbringbare Vorrichtung zum Auftragen von Massen
JP2807997B2 (ja) * 1988-07-05 1998-10-08 積水ハウス株式会社 ブロックの組積用施工機械
DE4014615A1 (de) * 1990-05-07 1991-11-14 Anliker Hedwig Anlage zur maschinellen mauerwerksfertigung
DE4028884C2 (de) * 1990-09-12 1994-04-07 Konrad Dipl Ing Hofmann Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Herstellen von senkrecht stehenden Wandelementen aus Mauersteinen
DE4119349A1 (de) * 1991-06-12 1992-12-17 Behrens Detlef Fliesen-verlege-maschine zum verlegen mehrerer quadratischer oder rechteckiger fliesen auf waenden und boeden in einem arbeitsgang
DE4317336C2 (de) * 1993-05-25 1997-11-20 Harald M Schmidt Verfahren zur Erstellung einer Wand
US5996856A (en) * 1997-06-16 1999-12-07 Duncan; Joseph C. Mortaring made easier
ES2151392B1 (es) * 1998-04-20 2001-06-16 Gas Cohi Ramon Jose Maquina para la colocacion de ladrillos y masa fraguable para la construccion de paredes.
US7111437B2 (en) * 2002-06-17 2006-09-26 Dieter Ainedter Apparatus for making brick wall elements
KR100474298B1 (ko) * 2002-06-24 2005-03-08 주식회사 하이스틸 사각파이프 도장장치용 공급부구조
CN108086700B (zh) * 2017-12-19 2019-11-19 湖北麻一建设有限公司 一种用于建筑施工的自动砌砖墙装置
WO2020047573A1 (en) * 2018-09-04 2020-03-12 Fastbrick Ip Pty Ltd Adhesive applicator system and operating method
CN110424755B (zh) * 2019-08-05 2022-03-01 福建省优泥墙体工程服务有限公司 一种预制砌体装配设备
US12385265B2 (en) 2020-04-22 2025-08-12 Fastbrick Ip Pty Ltd Block transfer apparatus and improved clamping assembly for use therewith
CN111687557B (zh) * 2020-06-09 2021-09-17 浙江东南网架股份有限公司 一字形钢板剪力墙自动化制造方法
EP4179172A4 (en) * 2020-07-08 2024-08-07 Fastbrick IP Pty Ltd ADHESIVE APPLICATION SYSTEM

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FR494417A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1900-01-01
BE471717A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) *
US28305A (en) * 1860-05-15 Rotary engine
FR680410A (fr) * 1928-08-17 1930-04-29 Procédé de construction de murs et appareil pour la réalisation de ce procédé
DE809709C (de) * 1949-10-04 1951-08-02 Otto Wilhelm Dipl-In Burkhardt Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Vermauern von Steinen
DE1434403A1 (de) * 1964-04-29 1969-01-02 Hans Mraz Einrichtung zur vollautomatischen Erstellung von Mauerwerk
AT253200B (de) * 1965-03-15 1967-03-28 Josef Waha Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Mauerwerk aus Bausteinen
BE755864A (fr) * 1969-09-09 1971-02-15 Monres Proprietary Ltd Procede de construction
GB1353784A (en) * 1970-09-17 1974-05-22 Monres Pty Ltd Machine for use in building walls
US3933570A (en) * 1971-04-09 1976-01-20 The Thomas 1970 Trust Panel manufacturing machine and method
USRE28305E (en) 1972-05-15 1975-01-21 Automated bricklaying device
US3757484A (en) * 1972-05-15 1973-09-11 Combustion Enginc Automated bricklaying device
DE2236839C2 (de) * 1972-07-27 1974-07-25 Combustion Engineering, Inc., Windsor, Conn. (V.St.A.) Steinsetzmaschine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NZ216464A (en) 1988-10-28
AU5962886A (en) 1987-01-07
DE3520788A1 (de) 1986-12-11
DE3665341D1 (en) 1989-10-05
DE3520788C2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1989-01-05
CA1265322A (en) 1990-02-06
EP0225893A1 (de) 1987-06-24
JPS63500252A (ja) 1988-01-28
WO1986007403A1 (en) 1986-12-18
US4829737A (en) 1989-05-16

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