EP0218991B1 - Dispositif de centrage et de serrage pour objets cylindriques allongés de diamètres différents - Google Patents

Dispositif de centrage et de serrage pour objets cylindriques allongés de diamètres différents Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0218991B1
EP0218991B1 EP86113483A EP86113483A EP0218991B1 EP 0218991 B1 EP0218991 B1 EP 0218991B1 EP 86113483 A EP86113483 A EP 86113483A EP 86113483 A EP86113483 A EP 86113483A EP 0218991 B1 EP0218991 B1 EP 0218991B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
centering
chuck arms
clamping
round
axis
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP86113483A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0218991A3 (en
EP0218991A2 (fr
Inventor
Harro Kröcher
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
HOMBAK MASCHINENFABRIK GmbH U CO KG
Original Assignee
HOMBAK MASCHINENFABRIK GmbH U CO KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by HOMBAK MASCHINENFABRIK GmbH U CO KG filed Critical HOMBAK MASCHINENFABRIK GmbH U CO KG
Publication of EP0218991A2 publication Critical patent/EP0218991A2/fr
Publication of EP0218991A3 publication Critical patent/EP0218991A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0218991B1 publication Critical patent/EP0218991B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B5/00—Clamps
    • B25B5/04—Clamps with pivoted jaws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B1/00—Vices
    • B25B1/20—Vices for clamping work of special profile, e.g. pipes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B5/00—Clamps
    • B25B5/14—Clamps for work of special profile
    • B25B5/147—Clamps for work of special profile for pipes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for the automatic mechanical centering and clamping of elongated round bodies of different diameters made of wood, metal or plastic, on which processing is carried out, which are oriented on the central longitudinal axes of the fixedly clamped round body. This can be to equalize the circumference of logs, but also to plan the end faces or chamfer them, for example at pipe ends to prepare welds.
  • a specific example of such a processing is the round milling of the root ends of tree trunks in order to obtain equalized round wood for their easy further processing.
  • Such a device for milling root runs on tree trunks is described in DE-OS 33 06 569, in which the respective fixed tree trunk is encircled at its root end by a milling tool.
  • the tree trunk is supported on two axially arranged support bearings and is clamped in a rotationally fixed manner by a hold-down device that works from above.
  • the two support bearings have a V-shaped support profile that is symmetrical with the vertical centering plane, and they are also height-adjustable. While the tree trunks are aligned more or less automatically in the vertical centering plane, i.e. in the horizontal direction through the V-shaped support profile of the two support bearings, the height of the two support bearings must be adjusted for alignment in the horizontal centering plane will. This can be done visually by eye or - in terms of equipment accordingly more complex - by optical-electronic measuring devices.
  • the invention therefore aims to simplify the centering of round bodies with simultaneous improvement in accuracy and to combine them with the rotationally fixed clamping of the round bodies in one operation.
  • the invention is based on the object not only of considerably reducing the construction effort for the automatic centering of different round bodies, but also of ensuring that the round bodies are clamped in a rotationally fixed manner with the centering.
  • the inventive design of the centering device as a collet not only enables the round bodies to be centered quickly and precisely with economically justifiable structural and operational expenditure, but also ensures their non-rotatable clamping with the centering. Since the centering axis lies in the plane of symmetry of the collet, the round bodies are already aligned with the vertical centering plane when they are inserted into the centering device. Their alignment according to the horizontal centering plane takes place during the closing movement of the collet due to the relative sliding of the round bodies on the sliding legs of the two tong arms, whereby they are pushed upwards due to the scissor-like reduction in the opening angle formed by the two sliding legs.
  • the effective flanks of the clamping legs of the two pliers arms are shaped according to the invention in such a concave manner that they act on the circumference of a round body at the moment in which it is raised by the sliding legs just enough that its central longitudinal axis is aligned with the centering axis.
  • the clamping legs engage the round body, the closing movement of the collet and thus also the lifting movement of the round body is stopped. From this moment on, the entire drive force of the collet is only available for the non-rotatable clamping of the round body. Since two collets are usually arranged at an axial distance from one another and the centering is carried out by each collet regardless of the respective diameter, conical round bodies, as is the case for example with tree trunks, are centered exactly in their longitudinal axis.
  • CH-PS 495 198 a device for the central clamping of round bodies is already shown and briefly described in FIG. 5, with which an exact centering should also be possible. It also consists of a collet whose arms, in contrast to the centering collet according to the invention, do not cross. In addition, the effective flanks of the two pliers legs have the shape of logarithmic spirals.
  • the concave curvature of the effective flanks of the clamping legs can be determined in a simple manner if, in the clamped state of the round body, the points of application on the sliding legs are assigned the points of attack on the clamping legs in such a way that the associated tangents to one another stand vertically.
  • Fig. 1 shows only one of the two centering and clamping devices arranged at an axial distance. Since both are of the same type, only one of them is described in more detail below.
  • a support beam 2 On a base frame 1, a support beam 2 is pivotally mounted by means of an axis 3 such that it can be lowered into the position shown in dashed lines.
  • the piston rod of a hydraulic cylinder-piston unit 4 is articulated on the support beam 2, the cylinder of which in turn is supported in an articulated manner on the base frame 1.
  • the actual centering device In the area of the free end of the support beam 2, the actual centering device is mounted, which according to the invention is designed as a collet 5.
  • the collet 5 is formed by two collet arms 6 and 7, which in turn consist of one actuating part 10 and 11 and one functional part each acting as clamping jaws 8 and 9.
  • the two tong arms 6, 7 are pivoted with their actuating parts 10, 11 on axes 12 and 13, which in turn are attached to the support beam 2.
  • the drive mechanism of the collet 5 consists of a hydraulic cylinder-piston unit 14 which articulates on the actuating parts 10, 11 of the two collet arms 6, 7 above their pivot axes 12, 13.
  • the actuating parts 10, 11 of the two gun arms 6, 7 in alignment with their pivot axis 12, 13 are each provided with a toothed segment 16 which, as a synchronization gear 15, ensures a uniform movement of the two gun arms 6, 7.
  • a guide frame 17, which is fastened to the supporting beam 2 and in which the tong arms 6, 7 are slidably guided in the region of their actuating parts 10, 11, serves to axially stabilize the two tong arms 6, 7 on both sides.
  • a stationary stop 18 limits the pivoting movement of the support beam 2 and holds it in the working position of the collet 5 under the action of the hydraulic cylinder-piston unit 4.
  • the clamping jaws 8, 9 of the two tong arms 6, 7 each consist of a slide leg 19 and 20 and a respective tension leg 21 and 22.
  • the effective flanks 23 of the slide legs 19, 20 run in a straight line, while the effective flanks 24 of the tension legs 21, 22 are concavely curved and have teeth 25.
  • a horizontal conveyor 26 ensures the supply and discharge of the round body K1, K2, K3 transverse to the centering axis Z.
  • the collet geometry of a collet 5 is illustrated.
  • Three concentric circles around the centering axis Z as the center symbolize the circumference of three round bodies K1, K2, K3 with the diameters D1, D2, D3.
  • the round bodies are each in the clamped state, in the middle Longitudinal axes M1, M2, M3 coincide with the centering axis Z, which in turn is the intersection line of the horizontal centering plane ZE with the vertical plane of symmetry SE of the collet 5.
  • the horizontal centering plane ZE has a height difference h z from the conveying plane FE.
  • the round bodies K1, K2, K3 lie on their circumference during their feed and discharge, as indicated in FIG.
  • the collet 5 is shown in FIG. 2 in the open starting position, as is the case at the start of each centering process.
  • the effective flanks 23 of the sliding legs 19, 20 form the opening angle ⁇ 0.
  • the clamping jaws 8, 9 of the two tong arms 6, 7 are moved against each other in the closing direction, the intermeshing toothed segments 16 causing the two tong arms 6, 7 to move synchronously.
  • the closing movement of the tong arms 6, 7 is ended as soon as the effective flanks 24 of the two clamping legs 21, 22 engage the round body K 1 in the point pair P 1. This happens at the same time that the effective flanks 23 of the sliding legs 19, 20 come into contact with the point pair A 1 in the lower region of the round body K 1.
  • the opening angle formed by the two sliding legs 19, 20 has decreased to ⁇ 1. Since it is in the described case the round body K 1 with the largest possible diameter D 1, the alignment of which is already predetermined with respect to the horizontal centering plane ZE, here, when the collet 5 closes, only an alignment takes place according to its vertical plane of symmetry SE.
  • round bodies Since round bodies generally have a smaller diameter than the maximum centerable diameter D 1, they must also be aligned according to the horizontal centering plane ZE, as is demonstrated in FIG. 2 for the round bodies K 2 and K 3.
  • their central longitudinal axes M2 and M3 must be raised by the amount h2 or h3, which is done by relative sliding of the round body K2 and K3 on the effective flanks 23 of the scissor-like sliding legs 19, 20.
  • the longitudinal axis M2 or M3 coincides with the centering axis Z, the effective flanks 24 of the two clamping legs 21, 22 engage in the pairs of points P2 or P3 on the round body K2 or K3.
  • the opening angle of the two sliding legs 19, 20 has been reduced to ⁇ 2 and ⁇ 3.
  • the connecting lines between the points A and P which are shown as legs of an isosceles trapezoid, then form the diagonals c of squares, the side lengths b of which are equal to half the diameter D of the respective round body K, their lengths in each case according to the laws of the elementary geometry D 2nd x ⁇ 2nd be.
  • the curve point P 'assigned to a specific round body diameter D of a functionally appropriate concave curvature of the effective flank 24 of a clamping leg 21 then results in the following manner: Swivel axis 12 of the gun arm 8 formed circular arc with the radius r A projected onto the effective flank 23 of the sliding leg 19 in the open starting position, whereby the point A 'is obtained there.
  • This shown in Fig. 2 only for the round body K2 curve construction can be carried out for any number of diameters and thus the curve shape can be constructed with any accuracy.
  • a complete centering device consists of two axially spaced collets 5, in the clamped state the round body K forms all connecting lines between the support points A and the points of application P clamping prisms, the base surfaces of which are in the four perpendicular axes, in the four vertical axes
  • the centering axis Z runs at corner points equally far away.
  • FIG. 3 shows the clamping jaw 8 of a tong arm 6, the concave curve curvature of the effective flank of the clamping leg 21 being approximated by two straight toothed rack sections 27 and 28.
  • a curve shape approximated in this way is justifiable where, on the one hand, the round bodies are not exactly circular and also consist of a relatively soft material, which, for. B. applies regularly to tree trunks.
  • the two support beams 2 arranged at an axial distance are pivoted downward with the collets 5 mounted thereon into the position 2 ′ shown in dashed lines in FIG. 1.
  • the collets 5 are in the open starting position.
  • the supporting beams 2 are pivoted upwards by their cylinder-piston units 4 until they rest against the fixed stops 18.
  • the collets 5 are now in their working position and are held in this position by the cylinder-piston units 4.
  • the closing movement of the two collets 5 is initiated by actuating the cylinder-piston units 14.
  • the round body K slides relative to the effective flanks 23 of the sliding legs 19, 20 and is thereby raised as a result of the scissor-like closing movement until its central longitudinal axis M with the centering axis Z, which is the axis of rotation of a machining tool, for. B. corresponds to an all-round router, coincides.
  • the effective flanks 24 of the clamping legs 21, 22 engage on the circumference of the round body K and thereby stop the closing movements of the collets 5, the entire pressure force of the cylinder-piston units 14 now being used for the rotationally fixed mounting of the round body.
  • the round body is exactly centered with respect to the axis of rotation of the machining tool with minimal effort and time and at the same time clamped in a rotationally fixed manner for the machining process.
  • the two collets 5 are opened again by actuating the cylinder-piston units 14 and the supporting beams 2 are pivoted down again into their position 2 'shown in dashed lines.
  • the machined round body is then started again by the conveyor 26 removed from the centering and clamping device and at the same time another unprocessed round body fed to the device.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Jigs For Machine Tools (AREA)
  • Gripping On Spindles (AREA)
  • Gripping Jigs, Holding Jigs, And Positioning Jigs (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Dispositif permettant le centrage mécanique automatique de corps ronds de forme oblongue et de diamètres différents, en particuliers de rondins et bois ronds, dans l'axe de centrage de la machine de traitement et ayant une paire de pinces dans le prolongement l'une de l'autre serrant le corps rond. Chaque pince est constituée d'un support sur lequel pivotent plusieurs mâchoires pouvant être actionnées de manière synchrone par un entrainement commun. Les flancs actifs attaquent les corps ronds en même temps. Ce faisant les lignes de jonction joignant les points d'attaque forment des prismes de serrage dont la surface se trouve dans le cercle formé par la circonférence du corps rond en question. Ce dispositif est caractérisé par le fait que chaque pince est constituée d'une paire de mâchoires (5). Dans le plan de symétrie (SE) de cette pince se trouve l'axe de centrage (Z). les deux bras pivotant (6, 7) de cette pince se croisent et forment les mâchoires de serrage (8, 9) ayant un bras de glissement (19, 20) et un bras de serrage (21, 22). Les flancs actifs (24) des bras de serrage ont une forme concave spécifique et attaquent la circonférence du corps rond (K₁, K₂, K₃) au moment où les corps ronds glissant relativement le long des flancs actifs (23) des bras de glissement sont soulevés par ceux-ci jusqu'à ce que leur axes longitudinaux centraux (M₁, M₂, M₃) coincident avec l'axe de centrage.
  2. Dispositif de centrage et de serrage conforme à la revendication 1 et caractérisé par le fait que lorsque les corps ronds (K₁, K₂, K₃) sont serrés, sont attribués aux paires de points de repos (A₁, A₂. A₃) sur les flancs actifs (23) des bras de glissement (19, 20), des paires de points d'attaque (P₁, P₂, P₃) sur les flancs actifs concaves (24) des bras de serrage (21, 22) de telle sorte que les surfaces des primes de serrage formés par les lignesde jonction entre les paires de points de repos (A₁, A₂, A₃) et les paires de points d'attaque (P₁, P₂, P₃) sont des trapèzes de serrage à côtés égaux dont les points centraux à distance égale des quatre paires de points d'angle (A₁, A₂, A₃, P₁, P₂, P₃ ) se trouvent dans l'axe de centrage (Z). Ce faisant, les côtés du trapèze forment les hypoténuses (c₁, c₂, c³) de resp. deux triangles à angles droits à côtés égaux.
  3. Dispositif de centrage et de serrage conforme à la revendication 1 ou 2 caractérisé par le fait que les deux bras de pince (6, 7) ont resp. un pivot (12, 13) distant l'un par rapport à l'autre et placé symétriquement par rapport au plan de symétrie (SE) de la pince de serrage (5) et par le fait que les deux bras de pince sont raccordés l'un à l'autre par un engrenage de synchronisation (15).
  4. Dispositif de centrage et de serrage conforme à la revendication 3 et caractérisé par le fait que l'engrenage de synchronisation (15) est constitué de deux segments dentés (16) s'engrenant l'un dans l'autre fixés sur les organes de manoeuvre (10, 11) des deux bras de pince (6, 7) dans le prolongement de leur pivot (12, 13).
  5. Dispositif de centrage et de serrage conforme à la revendication 3 ou 4, caractérisé par le fait que l'entrainement pour l'actionnement de la pince de serrage (5) est constitué d'un vérin (14) ayant prise sur les deux bras de pince (6, 7) au dessus de leur pivot (12, 13).
  6. Dispositif de centrage et de serrage conforme à une des revendications 3 à 5 et caractérisé par le fait que l'écart (a) entre les deux pivots (12, 13) des bras de pince (8, 9) correspond à environ 2/3 du plus grand diamètre possible (D₁) d'un corps rond (K₁).
  7. Dispositif de centrage et de serrage conforme à une des revendications précédentes caractérisé par le fait que les deux bras de la pince (6, 7) glissent dans un cadre de guidage (17) au niveau de leurs organes de manoeuvre (10, 11).
  8. Dispositif de centrage et de serrage conforme à une des revendications précédentes caractérisé par le fait que les flancs actifs concaves (24) des bras de serrage (21, 22) sont pourvus de dents (25).
  9. Dispositif de centrage et de serrage conforme à la revendication 8 caractérisé par le fait que la courbure concave des flancs actifs (24) des bras de serrage (21, 22) est formé par au moins deux segments dentés (27, 28).
  10. Dispositif de centrage et de serrage conforme à une des revendications précédentes, les corps ronds (K₁) étant alimentés en travers par rapport à l'axe de centrage (Z) et caractérisé par le fait que les supports portant les deux pinces (5) placées dans le prolongement l'une de l'autre consistent en une poutre-portante (2) pivotant sur un arbre (3) parallel à l'axe de centrage (Z).
EP86113483A 1985-10-05 1986-10-01 Dispositif de centrage et de serrage pour objets cylindriques allongés de diamètres différents Expired - Lifetime EP0218991B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3535616 1985-10-05
DE19853535616 DE3535616A1 (de) 1985-10-05 1985-10-05 Zentrier- und einspannvorrichtung fuer laengliche rundkoerper unterschiedlicher durchmesser

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0218991A2 EP0218991A2 (fr) 1987-04-22
EP0218991A3 EP0218991A3 (en) 1988-11-02
EP0218991B1 true EP0218991B1 (fr) 1991-06-26

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86113483A Expired - Lifetime EP0218991B1 (fr) 1985-10-05 1986-10-01 Dispositif de centrage et de serrage pour objets cylindriques allongés de diamètres différents

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Country Link
US (1) US4706948A (fr)
EP (1) EP0218991B1 (fr)
CA (1) CA1261889A (fr)
DE (2) DE3535616A1 (fr)
FI (1) FI84238C (fr)

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FI78411C (fi) * 1983-02-25 1989-08-10 Hombak Maschf Gmbh Anordning foer bortfraesning av rotansvaellningar pao rundvirke.
DE3306569A1 (de) * 1983-02-25 1984-09-06 Hombak Maschinenfabrik Gmbh & Co Kg, 6550 Bad Kreuznach Verfahren und vorrichtung zum abfraesen von wurzelanlaeufen an rundholz
DE3409302C2 (de) * 1984-03-14 1986-06-05 Carl Hurth Maschinen- und Zahnradfabrik GmbH & Co, 8000 München Vorrichtung zum Transport von Werkstücken

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI84238B (fi) 1991-07-31
DE3535616A1 (de) 1987-04-09
CA1261889A (fr) 1989-09-26
US4706948A (en) 1987-11-17
FI84238C (fi) 1991-11-11
DE3535616C2 (fr) 1990-06-13
EP0218991A3 (en) 1988-11-02
FI863689A0 (fi) 1986-09-12
FI863689A (fi) 1987-04-06
EP0218991A2 (fr) 1987-04-22
DE3679958D1 (de) 1991-08-01

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