EP0212072B1 - Induktionsofen mit einem Ofenunterteil und einem Deckel - Google Patents

Induktionsofen mit einem Ofenunterteil und einem Deckel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0212072B1
EP0212072B1 EP86106539A EP86106539A EP0212072B1 EP 0212072 B1 EP0212072 B1 EP 0212072B1 EP 86106539 A EP86106539 A EP 86106539A EP 86106539 A EP86106539 A EP 86106539A EP 0212072 B1 EP0212072 B1 EP 0212072B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lid
gas
furnace
induction
induction furnace
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP86106539A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0212072A3 (en
EP0212072A2 (de
Inventor
Georg Dr. Sick
Otto Dr. Stenzel
Heinz Kohnert
Hans-Johann Kemmer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Balzers und Leybold Deutschland Holding AG
Original Assignee
Leybold AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Leybold AG filed Critical Leybold AG
Publication of EP0212072A2 publication Critical patent/EP0212072A2/de
Publication of EP0212072A3 publication Critical patent/EP0212072A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0212072B1 publication Critical patent/EP0212072B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/02—Induction heating
    • H05B6/22—Furnaces without an endless core
    • H05B6/24—Crucible furnaces
    • H05B6/26—Crucible furnaces using vacuum or particular gas atmosphere
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/02—Crucible or pot furnaces with tilting or rocking arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/06—Crucible or pot furnaces heated electrically, e.g. induction crucible furnaces with or without any other source of heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/06—Crucible or pot furnaces heated electrically, e.g. induction crucible furnaces with or without any other source of heat
    • F27B14/061—Induction furnaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/08—Details specially adapted for crucible or pot furnaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/14—Charging or discharging liquid or molten material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D2003/0034—Means for moving, conveying, transporting the charge in the furnace or in the charging facilities
    • F27D2003/0062—Means for moving, conveying, transporting the charge in the furnace or in the charging facilities using devices for tilting or rocking the charge

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an induction furnace with a furnace base containing a crucible, an induction coil and a gas-tight jacket, furthermore with a cover which can be placed on the furnace base and which has at least one gas connection, a charging valve and a pouring device, the furnace base and cover being detachable but gas-tight via a flange connection connected to each other and in the connected state by means of an articulated bearing and a drive tiltable about a tilt axis in a furnace frame.
  • Such gas-tight induction furnaces which can be operated both under protective gas and under vacuum, such materials are regularly melted and kept ready for casting which are subject to oxidation and / or gas absorption when they are melted in the atmosphere.
  • Such furnaces are preferably used for melting metals which are highly reactive at the melting temperature.
  • Such induction furnaces require a whole series of additional devices, which are usually attached to the lid or can be connected to the lid, such as charging devices, purification devices, measuring and observation devices, pouring devices etc. Also the gas connections required for the introduction of a protective gas or the evacuation by vacuum pumps are usually attached to the lid.
  • the articulated bearing for the tilting movement is located on the lower part of the furnace, and the tilt drive also acts on the lower part of the furnace.
  • the lower part of the furnace has a support frame which is mounted in a furnace frame by means of pivot pins.
  • the crucible used in induction furnaces which is made of a ceramic material in a conventional manner and is often also referred to as "lining", is subject to more or less severe wear, namely due to thermal and mechanical stress.
  • the mechanical stresses also include the regular movement of the melt by inductive bath stirring, which is used both to form alloys and to intensify gas exchange. In many cases, after melting several batches, it is necessary to check the lower part of the furnace including the induction coil and, if necessary, to replace the crucible or the lining.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of specifying an induction furnace of the type described at the outset, in which the inspection and repair work on the lower part of the furnace can be carried out much more easily and in which the furnace cover with its complex fittings and attachments also continues during the inspection and repair work is usable.
  • the object is achieved according to the invention in that the articulated bearing is attached to the cover, that the tilt drive engages the cover and that the lower furnace part can be removed from the cover compared to the cover remaining in the furnace frame after loosening the flange connection.
  • the lid basically has the function of a reference platform, which remains permanently in the furnace frame via the specified articulated bearing, and all additional devices such as gas connections, charging valve, pouring device, measuring and observation devices can also remain on the lid.
  • the gas connections include in vacuum induction furnaces also the suction lines, which have a considerable cross section and are connected to the vacuum pumps by means of rotary joints.
  • the cover is provided in the region of the tilt axis with a pouring tube which is essentially tangential to the cover wall, is connected gas-tight to the cover and is open to the interior of the cover and if the crucible has a pouring spout which projects into the pouring tube and ends in the tilting axis.
  • the pouring tube in which there is usually a ceramic pouring trough, leads - preferably via a gas-tight rotating coupling - to a distributor tube, via which the melt can be fed to different pouring stations. Since the pouring tube is located in the area of the articulated bearing connected to the cover, the connection between the pouring tube and the distributor tube also remains in place when the lower part of the furnace is removed, so that no dismantling work is required at this point either.
  • the lid is provided with a gas-tight extension on the side diametrically opposite the pouring tube, in which there is a slag collecting container, and if the crucible on the side diametrically opposite the pouring spout a pouring lip is provided, via which the slag can be transferred into the slag collecting container at an inclination of the crucible opposite to the pouring position.
  • This device which can be simply referred to as a "detoxification device", remains permanently connected to the furnace lid and also to the furnace frame via the rotary bearing according to the invention and is still ready for use in connection with a new furnace base.
  • the cover is provided with a gas connection for a protective gas, if this gas connection also opens into the flange of the cover and communicates at the opening point with a gas line located in the flange of the lower part of the furnace, which in a between the jacket and the crucible located cavity opens in which the induction coil is located.
  • the incoming main gas stream is divided into a gas stream for purging the melting chamber and a secondary gas stream for purging the cavity in which the induction coil is located.
  • the one in the suction line, i.e. The fan arranged at the outlet of the secondary gas flow now generates a pressure difference between the melting chamber and the cavity mentioned. Due to the low absolute pressure in the cavity, the water desorbed from the crucible material is removed in the bypass gas stream, and the entry of water into the melt gas atmosphere is effectively prevented.
  • the supply line and the discharge line for the bypass flow of the protective gas are located in the cover, so that the connection to a gas processing system for drying and cleaning the protective gas can remain.
  • the necessary connection to the lower part of the furnace is made automatically by attaching it to the lid, without the need for additional connections.
  • the tilt drive consists of at least one first pressure medium cylinder, which is connected at its upper end to the frame structure of the cover via a first joint and at its lower end End is mounted on a rocker arm via a second joint, the opposite end of which is mounted on the furnace frame via a third joint, the first, second and third joint lying on the corners of a triangle and all joint axes running parallel to the tilt axis.
  • the rocker can also be moved from at least one second pressure medium cylinder from a first swivel range, which is decisive for casting, to a second swivel range, which is decisive for detoxification
  • the interaction of the first pressure medium cylinder with the second pressure medium cylinder via the rocker allows the induction furnace to tilt from the horizontal
  • the position of the flange connection in one direction of rotation (e.g. for detoxification) and in the opposite direction of rotation (e.g. for pouring) enable without the need for bulky drive elements that would require a pit in the area of the furnace frame.
  • a furnace frame 1 which has a base frame 2 and two vertical supports 3, at the upper ends of which a joint bearing 4 is arranged.
  • This articulated bearing conventionally consists of a bearing housing and a bearing journal and is arranged twice in succession in the direction of view.
  • the other part of the articulated bearing 4 is attached to a cover 6 of an induction furnace 7, which also includes a lower furnace part 8, via a bracket 5.
  • Cover 6 and lower furnace part 8 are connected to one another in a gas-tight manner via a flange connection 9.
  • a pouring device 10 On the cover 6, a pouring device 10, a gas connection 11 and a charging valve 12 are also arranged, which in addition to the articulated bearing 4 belong to the essential components of the cover.
  • the joint bearing 4 defines a tilt axis A, which is perpendicular to the plane of the drawing.
  • An essential part of the pouring device 10 is a pouring tube 13, which extends tangentially to the cover wall in the region of the tilt axis A, is connected gas-tight to the cover 6 and is open to the interior of the cover.
  • the pouring tube 13 is closed on its end facing the viewer and can be closed on the opposite side by a slide valve 14 (see also FIG. 8).
  • the cover 6 On the side diametrically opposite the pouring tube 13, the cover 6 is provided with a gas-tight extension 15, in which there is a slag collecting container 16 (FIG. 2).
  • the extension 15 is connected via a discharge valve 17 to a removal chamber 18 into which the slag collecting container 16 can be inserted (FIG. 8).
  • a work platform 19 is fastened to the cover 6 via a joint 20, the work platform 19 being supported on a boom 22 by means of a drive 21, which is also fastened to the cover 6.
  • the function of the drive 21 will be discussed in more detail in connection with FIG. 5.
  • the charging valve 12 is arranged on the top of the cover 6 and has a horizontal connecting flange 23 (FIG. 7) for connection to a Charging container 24 movable above the furnace.
  • This charging container which can likewise be evacuated via a suction line 25, rests on a carriage 26, which in turn can be moved parallel to the plane of the drawing on rails 27 which extend across the induction furnace 7 and to one (not shown) lead station in which the charging container 9 can be loaded.
  • the charging container carries in its interior (not shown) a charging basket with a closable bottom opening which can be lowered into the induction furnace 7 through the charging valve 12 through the charging valve 12.
  • a tilting drive 28 is provided, to which a first pressure medium cylinder 29 belongs, the upper end of which engages on the cover 6, which for this purpose is surrounded by a frame structure 31 in the region of its flange 30 (FIG. 3) on which the tilt drive 28 engages by means of a first joint 32 (FIG. 6).
  • the lower end of the pressure medium cylinder 29 is fastened to a rocker 34 via a second joint 33, the opposite end of which is fastened to the furnace frame 1 via a third joint 35.
  • All joint axes run parallel to the tilt axis A and lie towards the corners of a triangle, so that by changing the Length of one side of this triangle, that is to say: the induction furnace 7 can be tilted by extending the piston rod 36 out of the pressure medium cylinder 29 (FIG. 6).
  • the rocker 34 is held in its position shown by the piston rod 37 of a second pressure medium cylinder 38 which is mounted on a fourth joint 39.
  • the joints 33, 35 and 39 lie on the corners of a triangle, so that by changing the length of one side of this triangle, that is: by moving the piston rod 37 into the pressure medium cylinder 38, a pivoting movement of the induction furnace 7 can be brought about, namely in the opposite direction Direction according to FIG. 5.
  • the pressure medium cylinder 38 advantageously engages the rocker in the area of the joint 33; however, it is possible to provide an additional joint for this.
  • the charging container 24 is supported on the carriage 26 by means of four lifting cylinders 40, so that the lower flange 41 of the charging container 24 can be lifted off the connecting flange 23 before a transverse movement of the charging container takes place.
  • a geared motor 42 is used to drive the carriage 26.
  • the internal structure of the induction furnace 7 is additionally shown in FIGS.
  • the lower furnace part 8 contains a gas-tight jacket 43, in which a crucible 44 made of ceramic material is arranged at a radial distance. Between the jacket 43 and the crucible 44 there is a cavity 45 in which an induction coil 46 is accommodated.
  • the jacket 43 is surrounded slightly below its upper edge by a frame structure 47 which is closed on the top by a flange 48 which can be assembled with the flange 30 of the cover to form the gas-tight flange connection 9. It can be seen from FIG. 2 that the crucible 44 and the induction coil 46 protrude to a certain extent into the cover 6.
  • the crucible 44 On one side, the crucible 44 has a pouring spout 49 which projects into the pouring tube 13 and ends in the tilting axis A. Below the end of the pouring spout 49 there is also a ceramic channel 50, which will be discussed in more detail in connection with FIG. 8. It is evident from FIGS. 2 and 3 that the end of the pouring spout 49 lies in the tilting axis A in every position of the crucible 44.
  • the crucible 44 On the diametrically opposite side of the pouring spout 49, the crucible 44 is provided with a pouring lip 51, via which the slag can be transferred into the slag collecting container 16 at an inclination of the crucible opposite to the pouring position according to FIG is.
  • a sliding passage 52 in the cover 6 through which the actuating rod 53 of a scratch 54 is passed.
  • FIG. 2 there is a transport carriage 55 with lifting devices 56 under the lower furnace part 8, by means of which the lower furnace part can be lowered by a dimension "s" before the cover 6 is raised into a position according to FIG. 3 by means of the tilting drive 28.
  • the lower furnace part 8 In this position of the cover 6, the lower furnace part 8 can be moved laterally out and in again in the direction of the double arrow 57 by means of the transport carriage 55.
  • the crucible 44 projects upward beyond the flange 48 by a not inconsiderable amount, there is no mutual obstruction of the parts which are movable relative to one another or even damage to the pouring spout 49.
  • the cover 6 is provided with a (further) gas connection 58 for a protective gas.
  • This gas connection opens into the flange 30 of the cover 6 and communicates at the outlet 59 with a gas line 60 located in the flange 48 of the lower furnace part 8, which opens into the cavity 45 located between the jacket 43 and the crucible 44.
  • the suction line 62 there is a blower 63, by means of which a negative pressure is generated in the cavity 45 with respect to the melting chamber 64, through which the effect of the removal of water vapor described above occurs.
  • the gases are discharged from the melting chamber 64 through a suction line 65 which is connected to the gas connection 11 (FIG. 1).
  • the pressure side of the blower 63 also opens into the suction line 65 via a line 66.
  • FIG. 5 now shows the induction furnace 7 in the detoxification position.
  • the tilting movement about the tilt axis A required for this was brought about by retraction of the piston rod 37 into the pressure medium cylinder 38, as a result of which the rocker arm 34 and the lower joint 33 for the pressure medium cylinder 29 have assumed the position of FIG. 5 which is self-explanatory.
  • the upper joint 32 has followed the displacement of the lower joint 33, as a result of which the induction furnace 7 has been brought into the purification position shown.
  • the piston rod 67 of the drive 21 was extended and the work platform 19 was held in a precisely horizontal position, so that the detoxification process can be observed and controlled by the operator through a sight glass 68.
  • Figure 6 shows the end position already described for casting, i.e. the joint 33 is in the position shown in FIG. 1 when the piston rod 37 is extended, and only the piston rod 36 has been continuously extended from the pressure medium cylinder 29 in order to carry out the pouring process. It is understood that the charging valve 12 is closed in all these measures.
  • FIG. 7 the same parts as before are provided with the same reference symbols.
  • the stable mounting of the cover 6 via the two brackets 5 in the articulated mounting 4 and the coaxial alignment of a rotary coupling 69, through which the pouring tube 13 is connected to a distributor tube 70 beyond the slide valve 14, and the coaxial arrangement of a rotary coupling are also clearly visible 71 in the suction line 65.
  • rails 72 for the trolley 55 are shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 8 In the pouring tube 13 or in the distributor tube 70 there is the channel 50, which can be moved in the direction of the double arrow between the two positions shown in broken lines by means of a motor 73.
  • the cross section of the slide valve 14 is released by moving the channel into the distributor pipe 70 so that it can be closed.
  • the melt is in a Transfer channel 74 directed, which leads to a pouring device, not shown here.
  • a cable and hose swiveling device 75 which is only shown schematically here and which is likewise arranged coaxially to the tilting axis A, is used for the (movable) supply of electricity and cooling water to the lower furnace part 8.
  • a temperature measuring lance 76 In the furnace cover 6 there is also a temperature measuring lance 76, which is also shown here only schematically.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Crucibles And Fluidized-Bed Furnaces (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
EP86106539A 1985-08-27 1986-05-14 Induktionsofen mit einem Ofenunterteil und einem Deckel Expired - Lifetime EP0212072B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3530471 1985-08-27
DE19853530471 DE3530471A1 (de) 1985-08-27 1985-08-27 Induktionsofen mit einem ofenunterteil und einem deckel

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0212072A2 EP0212072A2 (de) 1987-03-04
EP0212072A3 EP0212072A3 (en) 1989-04-19
EP0212072B1 true EP0212072B1 (de) 1992-04-01

Family

ID=6279394

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86106539A Expired - Lifetime EP0212072B1 (de) 1985-08-27 1986-05-14 Induktionsofen mit einem Ofenunterteil und einem Deckel

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4658404A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
EP (1) EP0212072B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS6252395A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA1270370A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (2) DE3530471A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB2179725B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Families Citing this family (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2722794B2 (ja) * 1990-08-01 1998-03-09 富士電機株式会社 低融点金属対策を施したるつぼ形誘導炉
DE4106537A1 (de) * 1991-03-01 1992-09-03 Degussa Verfahren zum teilkontinuierlichen schmelzen keramischen materials in induktionsschmelzoefen mit sinterkrustentiegel, ein hierfuer geeigneter ofen und vorrichtung zum periodischen schmelzanstich
DE4114683A1 (de) * 1991-05-06 1992-11-12 Leybold Ag Induktionsofen fuer schmelz- und giesszwecke mit einem geschlossenen ofenkessel
DE4218244C2 (de) * 1992-06-03 1994-09-29 Leybold Durferrit Gmbh Geschlossener Induktionsofen mit einer Kippeinrichtung
DE4229764C2 (de) * 1992-09-05 2000-08-10 Ald Vacuum Techn Ag Geschlossener Induktionsofen zum Schmelzen und Gießen von Stoffen
DE4307851A1 (de) * 1993-03-12 1994-09-15 Leybold Durferrit Gmbh Gasdichte Kammeranordnung mit Haupt- und Zusatzkammer
US5469461A (en) * 1993-04-01 1995-11-21 Andrea; Martin Electric induction furnace
DE19528291C2 (de) * 1995-08-02 1998-06-04 Ald Vacuum Techn Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Partikeln aus gerichtet erstarrten Gußkörpern
KR101943088B1 (ko) * 2011-08-15 2019-01-28 콘삭 코퍼레이션 전기 유도 용해 어셈블리
DE102013114811B3 (de) * 2013-12-23 2014-12-31 Ald Vacuum Technologies Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Behandeln von metallischem Material
CN105135880B (zh) * 2015-08-26 2017-10-20 石哲文 一种石墨坩埚炉
CA3089107A1 (en) * 2018-01-23 2019-08-01 Inductotherm Corp. Sealed tilt pour electric induction furnaces for reactive alloys and metals
IT201900009825A1 (it) * 2019-06-21 2020-12-21 Italimpianti Orafi S P A Forno per la fusione di metalli preziosi nel settore orafo
CN117516157B (zh) * 2024-01-08 2024-03-19 泰州市大创阀业有限公司 一种青铜铸件加工用原料熔化装置

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1220513A (fr) * 1963-06-20 1960-05-25 Junker Otto Four d'induction sans noyau
DE1201954C2 (de) * 1963-09-02 1973-08-30 Zylindrischer induktionsofen
SE327053B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1967-10-13 1970-08-10 Asea Ab
US3531074A (en) * 1968-03-18 1970-09-29 Inductotherm Corp Tilting and supporting apparatus for foundry vessels
CH474033A (de) * 1968-03-20 1969-06-15 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Kippbarer Ofen und Verfahren zu seinem Betrieb
CH527660A (de) * 1971-02-05 1972-09-15 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Deckelhebe- und Schwenkvorrichtung für kippbare Tiegelschmelz- oder Warmhalteofen
US3790338A (en) * 1971-10-29 1974-02-05 Ajax Magnethermic Corp Rear slagging for induction furnace
BG26139A1 (en) * 1978-02-27 1979-12-12 Nikolov Induction crucible furnace
US4201882A (en) * 1978-05-05 1980-05-06 Apatova Larisa D Induction melting furnace
DE2906634A1 (de) * 1979-02-09 1980-08-21 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Induktionsofen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2179725A (en) 1987-03-11
GB8614289D0 (en) 1986-07-16
DE3530471A1 (de) 1987-03-05
JPH0419472B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1992-03-30
EP0212072A3 (en) 1989-04-19
US4658404A (en) 1987-04-14
JPS6252395A (ja) 1987-03-07
DE3684644D1 (de) 1992-05-07
CA1270370A (en) 1990-06-19
GB2179725B (en) 1989-11-15
DE3530471C2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1990-05-23
EP0212072A2 (de) 1987-03-04

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