EP0200856B1 - Granatenkörper, insbesondere für Handgranaten - Google Patents

Granatenkörper, insbesondere für Handgranaten Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0200856B1
EP0200856B1 EP86101974A EP86101974A EP0200856B1 EP 0200856 B1 EP0200856 B1 EP 0200856B1 EP 86101974 A EP86101974 A EP 86101974A EP 86101974 A EP86101974 A EP 86101974A EP 0200856 B1 EP0200856 B1 EP 0200856B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
metal particles
cover
splinter
grenade
hollow body
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP86101974A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0200856A1 (de
Inventor
Hans Dipl.-Ing. Assmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Oregon Etablissements fuer Patentverwertung
Original Assignee
Oregon Etablissements fuer Patentverwertung
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from AT0063085A external-priority patent/AT381792B/de
Priority claimed from AT181485A external-priority patent/AT384105B/de
Application filed by Oregon Etablissements fuer Patentverwertung filed Critical Oregon Etablissements fuer Patentverwertung
Publication of EP0200856A1 publication Critical patent/EP0200856A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0200856B1 publication Critical patent/EP0200856B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B27/00—Hand grenades
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/20—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/20—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type
    • F42B12/22—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type with fragmentation-hull construction
    • F42B12/32—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type with fragmentation-hull construction the hull or case comprising a plurality of discrete bodies, e.g. steel balls, embedded therein or disposed around the explosive charge

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a grenade body, in particular for hand grenades, with a multi-part, at least overall hollow body splinter body made of plastic particles embedded in plastic and preferably with an outer casing shell at least partially enveloping the plastic body, the parts of the splinter body interlocking at the connecting surfaces .
  • the splinter body In order to achieve a distribution of splinters that is as uniform as possible in the case of a grenade, in particular a hand grenade, it is necessary for the splinter body to encase the interior of the grenade or hand grenade filled with explosives as completely as possible. This requirement is opposed to the fact that the splinter body must have an opening at least at one point, which is used on the one hand for filling or introducing the explosive. On the other hand, parts of the detonator also protrude through this opening. B. the igniter tube - from the igniter head into the interior of the splinter body.
  • the object of the invention is to achieve, in the case of a multi-part splinter body, forming a hollow body overall, a splitter distribution that is as uniform as possible all around, or to improve the uniformity of the scattering of the metal particles arranged in the splitter body.
  • the preferably approximately spherical metal particles when the splinter body is joined, have a distance across the connecting surface that is smaller than the particle diameter, preferably equal to or smaller than half the particle diameter, and that at least in the area of the connecting surfaces there is at least one inner particle layer opposite at least one outer particle layer is offset by about half a particle diameter.
  • metal particles are also arranged according to the invention in the areas of the connecting surfaces, in a manner which guarantees a fragment distribution which is as uniform as possible during the detonation of the explosive charge.
  • the connecting surfaces between the individual parts of the splinter body can, for. B. be stepped or tongue and groove. It is advantageous if the imaginary continuation of the connecting surface areas lying transversely to the splinter body surface represents a geometric surface which cuts several, preferably in a row, metal particles arranged in one of the two parts of the splinter body to be connected.
  • At least approximately spherical metal particles of approximately the same size are used, which are arranged in an almost tight packing in the parts of the splinter body.
  • the basic idea of the invention can best be implemented in such a way that the connecting surfaces running transversely to the surface of the splinter body have at least two partial regions which are offset from one another by a distance which approximately corresponds to the radius of the metal particles or an odd multiple of the radius .
  • the metal particles which, as stated, are preferably spherical, are usually made of steel.
  • the metal particles are embedded in plastic, for example in polystyrene, in the splinter body parts.
  • the production of the splinter body parts can be done in one Injection molding tool take place, in the tool cavity of which the metal particles are filled, whereupon the plastic is injected in liquid form and under pressure.
  • the individual splinter body parts can best be united by gluing.
  • the assembled splinter body parts with a common shell made of plastic, preferably of tough elastic plastic, for. B. made of polyethylene. This can again be done most favorably in an injection molding tool, in the cavity of which the joined parts of the splinter body are inserted as the core.
  • the side wall of the lid has at least one step from the outside to the interior of the splinter body, and that the peripheral side wall of the inner step of the inner ring gap between the lid and the hollow body Cover following and beyond this imaginary geometric surface in the outer region of the cover cuts several, preferably an annular row of metal particles.
  • this measure can be used to prevent the lid of the splinter body from being hurled away like a plug, rather the metal particles in the lid of the splinter body are detached from their composite during detonation of the explosive and ejected individually.
  • a plug formation can occur especially when circumferentially closed regions form in the splinter body, the peripheral boundary of which is formed by spaces between metal particles and this continues from the inner wall to the outer wall of the splitter body.
  • such plugs normally do not occur at all because the metal particles are distributed irregularly in the mold cavity during manufacture and the metal particles are offset in two or more layers from the inside to the outside.
  • the splinter body is composed of the hollow body and the lid, then a splinter-free zone is formed along the inner annular gap between the lid and the hollow body. If this splinter-free ring zone were to continue "rectilinearly" to the outer wall, then the prerequisites for the harmful plug formation mentioned would be present.
  • the measure according to the invention counteracts this effect practically by deliberately displacing the outer metal particles from the inner metal particles in the lid.
  • the measure according to the invention it will usually be self-evident that the starting from the outer annular gap between the cover and the hollow body, the peripheral side wall of the outer step of the cover and continued on this inwardly imaginary geometric area in the inner region of the Cover surrounding wall of the hollow body intersects several, preferably an annular row of metal particles. Otherwise, care should preferably be taken to ensure that this condition is also met.
  • the inventive concept can be realized in such a way that the lateral distance between the peripheral side surfaces of the steps of Cover corresponds approximately to the radius of the metal particles or an odd multiple of the radius
  • the hollow body mainly forming the splinter body merely has an opening through which both the explosive is filled and the passage of detonator parts.
  • only one cover is required, which, however, does not necessarily have to be in one piece, but is expediently designed as a one-piece annular cover with a small central opening.
  • the explosives are filled in with the lid open.
  • An igniter part protrudes through the smaller opening in the closed cover, e.g. a detonator tube inside the grenade body.
  • the opening in the lid should be as small as possible and preferably have a cross-sectional area that corresponds merely to the cross-sectional area of the igniter part or ignition tube to be used.
  • the fragment body part 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is half-shell-shaped and, as can be seen from FIG. 4, is combined with a correspondingly shaped half-shell fragment body part 2 (FIG. 3) to form an approximately egg-shaped hollow body, the two half-shell fragment body parts 1 and 2 can also be supplemented by an annular part 3 in the area of the passage opening for the ignition tube.
  • An outer casing shell 4 made of plastic is molded onto the splinter body or onto the two connected half-shell-shaped splinter body parts 1 and 2, the casing shell 4 also having a threaded neck 5 onto which the detonator of the hand grenade is screwed.
  • the two splinter body parts 1 and 2 have corresponding stepped connecting surfaces 6. How the metal particles 7 - in the present case spherical - are arranged in the area of these connecting surfaces 6 can be seen in particular from the enlarged cross-sectional view according to FIG. 5. Accordingly, when the splinter body is joined together, the metal particles 7 have only a small distance (surface distance) across the connecting surface 6 and the inner layer of the metal particles 7 is offset by approximately half the diameter of the spherical metal particles from the outer layer.
  • the imaginary continuation F of the connecting surface regions V lying transversely to the splinter body surface S represents a geometric surface which intersects metal particles 7 in one of the two splinter body parts, which are arranged in a row along the connecting surfaces 6. It also applies to this arrangement of the spherical metal particles that the distance D of the connecting surface regions V running transversely to the splinter body surfaces is approximately equal to the radius r of the spherical metal particles 7.
  • the above formula for the distance D also applies to the embodiments of the connecting surface 6 and the spherical metal particles 7 according to FIGS. 7-10, but not for the embodiment according to FIG. 11. Nevertheless, the embodiment according to FIG. 11 is also an embodiment of the invention , because even there, when the splinter body is joined together, the distance (surface distance) of the spherical metal particles 7 is smaller than the spherical diameter, even smaller than the spherical radius, and because the individual layers of the spherical metal particles are mutually offset by about half a spherical diameter.
  • connection between the additional annular splinter body part 3 and the combined half-shell-shaped splinter body parts 1 and 2 is also realized according to the principles of the invention, which will be explained in more detail with reference to FIGS. 12 to 15.
  • the splinter body is divided into two half-shell-shaped splinter body parts 1, 2 along its longitudinal axis.
  • the invention can also be used for a different division of the splinter body, for example for a transverse division of the splinter body into an upper and a lower shell-shaped part.
  • the hand grenade according to FIGS. 12 and 13 also has a hand grenade body 1 ', which consists of an inner fragment body 2', 3 and an outer housing shell 4.
  • the outer casing 4 is made of tough elastic plastic, for. B. polyethylene, and has a neck-shaped projection 5 with an external thread.
  • the splinter body consists of two parts, a hollow body 2 'and a cover 3. Both the wall of the hollow body 2' and the cover 3 consist of metal particles 7 embedded in plastic in the form of steel balls. The metal particles 7 are arranged in a tight packing.
  • the plastic connecting the metal particles can consist, for example, of polystyrene.
  • a detonator head 8 is screwed onto the hand grenade body and bears the usual functional elements, such as bats 8 ', securing bracket 9 and detonator tube 10.
  • the detonator tube 10 projects through the central opening of the cover 3 into the interior of the hand grenade body, specifically into a recess in the explosive device 11. (Incidentally, this also applies to the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 1 to 4).
  • the lid 3 of the splinter body is ring-shaped with a small central opening, the cross-sectional area of which corresponds to the cross-sectional area of the ignition tube 10.
  • the peripheral side wall of the cover 3 is stepped, the outer circumference of the cover 3 being larger than its inner circumference.
  • the metal particles 7 are arranged in the cover 3 and in the region of the hollow body 2 surrounding the cover 3 such that the peripheral ones starting from the inner annular gap 12 between the cover 3 and the hollow body 2 ' Sidewall of the inner step of the cover 3 following and via this imaginary geometric surface F l (in the present case a cylindrical surface) in the outer area of the cover 3 intersects several metal particles which are arranged in a ring arrangement around the axis of the cover (and the hand grenade ) bind.
  • this imaginary geometric surface F l in the present case a cylindrical surface
  • the imaginary geometrical surface area F A (also a cylindrical surface), which extends from the outer annular gap 13 between the cover 3 and the carbon body 2 'and follows the peripheral side wall of the outer step of the cover 3 and also continues inwards, cuts in the inner region of the wall 3 surrounding the cover 3 Hollow body 2 'several metal particles, which in turn are arranged in an annular row, based on the axis of the hand grenade.
  • the lateral distance D between the peripheral side surfaces of the steps of the cover 3 is approximately equal to the radius r of the metal particles 7.
  • liquid or plastic explosives for example hexogen, composition B, nitropenta
  • the lid is closed and preferably glued to the hollow body 2 '.
  • the ignition tube 10 is inserted through the small opening in the lid 3 and the detonator head is screwed to the grenade body.
  • the geometric surfaces F j , F A which follow the lateral step surfaces of the cover 3 and each cut several metal particles 7 in the cover 3 or in the hollow body 2 ', are not cylindrical surfaces, but conical surfaces.
  • splinter body 2 ', 3 is shown, but not also an outer casing made of plastic, which is usually, but not necessarily, provided.
  • FIG. 15 shows a hand grenade with a splinter body consisting of a hollow body 2 'and a cover 3, metal particles, preferably steel balls, embedded in plastic being arranged in a tight packing both in the wall of the hollow body and in the cover 3.
  • the lid 3 has a central opening for the passage of the ignition tube 10.
  • the hollow body 2 ' has a cylindrical cavity and is therefore suitable, when the lid 3 is open, for receiving a preformed compact of a solid explosive 11.
  • the lid put on after the introduction of the explosive 11 is held down by parts of the screwed-on detonator head 8, but can also be additionally glued to the wall of the hollow body 2 '.
  • the side surfaces of the cover 3 are designed in two stages; in the context of the invention, three or more stages of the cover 3 are also possible.
  • the splinter body can also be equipped with a second cover, on the bottom of the splinter body opposite the detonator head, if the explosive is to be filled in from there.
  • this second cover has no central hole.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
EP86101974A 1985-03-04 1986-02-17 Granatenkörper, insbesondere für Handgranaten Expired EP0200856B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT630/85 1985-03-04
AT0063085A AT381792B (de) 1985-03-04 1985-03-04 Splitterkoerper, insbesondere fuer handgranaten
AT181485A AT384105B (de) 1985-06-19 1985-06-19 Granatenkoerper
AT1814/85 1985-06-19

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0200856A1 EP0200856A1 (de) 1986-11-12
EP0200856B1 true EP0200856B1 (de) 1988-09-21

Family

ID=25593408

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86101974A Expired EP0200856B1 (de) 1985-03-04 1986-02-17 Granatenkörper, insbesondere für Handgranaten

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US4781118A (es)
EP (1) EP0200856B1 (es)
CN (1) CN86101279A (es)
DE (1) DE3660785D1 (es)
EG (1) EG17734A (es)
ES (1) ES292668Y (es)
GR (1) GR860594B (es)
MY (1) MY101327A (es)

Families Citing this family (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6082267A (en) * 1997-10-03 2000-07-04 Bulova Technologies, L.L.C. Electronic, out-of-line safety fuze for munitions such as hand grenades
FR2867849B1 (fr) * 2004-03-16 2006-07-21 Catherine Tanguy Grenage fragmentable
US20070209500A1 (en) * 2006-03-13 2007-09-13 System Planning Corporation Method and apparatus for disarming an explosive device
US8365670B2 (en) * 2010-01-25 2013-02-05 Igor Abramov Dual mode grenade
DE102012013575B4 (de) * 2012-07-06 2014-01-16 Diehl Bgt Defence Gmbh & Co. Kg Splitterkörper, insbesondere Handgranatenkörper
US9702677B2 (en) 2015-04-27 2017-07-11 Basic Electronics, Inc. Ammunition for providing a multilayer flowering upon impact
US10634472B1 (en) 2016-03-22 2020-04-28 Northrop Grumman Innovation Systems, Inc. Prefragmented warheads with enhanced performance
US11614311B1 (en) 2016-03-22 2023-03-28 Northrop Grumman Systems Corporation Prefragmented warheads with enhanced performance
US10066915B1 (en) * 2016-09-21 2018-09-04 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Multi-purpose state changing munition
KR102151483B1 (ko) * 2019-01-03 2020-09-03 주식회사 한화 파편형 탄체 제조용 금형 및 이를 이용한 파편형 탄체의 제조 방법과 이 제조 방법에 의해 제조된 파편형 탄체
CN111497147B (zh) * 2020-05-25 2020-12-01 广东明华机械有限公司 一种手雷内衬套注塑模具结构
SE2000234A1 (en) * 2020-12-14 2022-06-15 Saab Ab A fragmentation warhead a method of manufacturing of a fragmentation warhead

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1154437A (en) * 1914-07-18 1915-09-21 Cie Forges Et Acieries Marine Artillery-projectile.
NL278102A (es) * 1961-05-05
AT240218B (de) * 1961-12-22 1965-05-25 Ulbricht Hein Wwe Gmbh Sprenggranate
AT348898B (de) * 1977-07-29 1979-03-12 Oregon Ets Patentverwertung Wurfgranate
AT368280B (de) * 1980-07-07 1982-09-27 Oregon Ets Patentverwertung Handgranate

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES292668U (es) 1988-05-16
EP0200856A1 (de) 1986-11-12
EG17734A (en) 1990-08-30
ES292668Y (es) 1989-02-01
CN86101279A (zh) 1986-09-10
DE3660785D1 (en) 1988-10-27
GR860594B (en) 1986-06-26
MY101327A (en) 1991-09-05
US4781118A (en) 1988-11-01

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