EP0165278B1 - Procede pour eliminer le brouillard de l'atmosphere - Google Patents

Procede pour eliminer le brouillard de l'atmosphere Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0165278B1
EP0165278B1 EP85900101A EP85900101A EP0165278B1 EP 0165278 B1 EP0165278 B1 EP 0165278B1 EP 85900101 A EP85900101 A EP 85900101A EP 85900101 A EP85900101 A EP 85900101A EP 0165278 B1 EP0165278 B1 EP 0165278B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
substance
process according
fog
air
moisture
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP85900101A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0165278A1 (fr
Inventor
Zbigniew Boguslawski
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Priority to AT85900101T priority Critical patent/ATE66710T1/de
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01H—STREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING OR PREVENTING FOG IN GENERAL CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS
    • E01H13/00—Dispersing or preventing fog in general, e.g. on roads, on airfields

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a method for removing mist from the atmosphere of a limited area, for example a crossroads, an airport apron area or the like, in which the air is continuously sucked off in a closed circuit, for treatment on its circulation path through a substance containing container passed and after removal of the moisture is returned to a value below the saturation limit in the atmosphere.
  • This method which has become known, for example, from DE-A-20 16 863, has the major disadvantage that the direct penetration of air which is oversaturated with moisture and thus directly leads to re-misting into the treated area cannot be prevented.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object of creating a method with the aid of which a rapid removal of fog is possible and a preventive clearance of limited areas of fog is achieved in the sense that direct re-fog from the areas adjacent to the treated area is prevented.
  • the invention consists in that the treatment is carried out by means of a substance which, with the water droplets forming the fog, splits off a gaseous reaction product under an exothermic reaction.
  • a method is created with the help of which a long-lasting, if necessary temporally unlimited and in particular preventive fog-free limited areas can be achieved quickly and at low cost, with the direct return of the air heated by the exothermic reaction in the same amount not only that Back-misting also prevents the fog-laden atmosphere from being displaced into areas outside the treated area due to the increase in volume caused by the heating.
  • the fogging or Preventive effect is further enhanced by the fact that the increase in volume disproportionately reduces the relative humidity and thus significantly increases the water absorption capacity of the air, thereby accelerating the removal of fog and further improving the preventive effect against the formation of fog.
  • the substance reacting with the clouding of the fog can be added to a substance which binds water through hydrolysis and / or hydration, for example sodium sulfate free from water of crystallization, sodium hydrophosphate, sodium carbonate, barium oxide, silicon chloride or the like De-misting can be accelerated and stabilized.
  • the treatment is advantageously carried out with a metal carbide, preferably calcium carbide, with a grain size of more than 0.3 mm, preferably between 1 mm and 150 mm, through which the air is passed in the reaction vessel, the carbide for the (mechanical) removal of the grain surface from reaction products.
  • a metal carbide preferably calcium carbide
  • the carbide for the (mechanical) removal of the grain surface from reaction products.
  • it is advantageously circulated mechanically by a stirrer or by means of compressed air at regular intervals.
  • the calcium carbide can bind one or more salts with a lower redox potential than phosphine, for example silver nitrate or copper sulfate, to bind the phosphine (PH3) formed in the reaction, as well as an organic substance containing nitrogen and hydrogen, for example an azane, diazane, to improve the reaction , Triazane or tetraazane, an azen, diazen, triazene or tetraazene, a triazdiene or tetraazdiene, furthermore azo or diazomethane, formic acid, methylhadrazine, oxalic acid, dimethyl peroxide, in pure form or as a salt.
  • phosphine for example silver nitrate or copper sulfate
  • Hydration water-binding agent can be added to the substance of sodium sulfate, sodium hydrophosphate, sodium carbonate, barium oxide, silicon chloride or the like in an amount of up to 85% by weight, preferably between 35 and 65% by weight.
  • the substance can furthermore contain materials which are indifferent to water, for example alkali or alkaline earth carbonates, for example calcium carbonate or sodium carbonate, for buffering the reaction.
  • alkali or alkaline earth carbonates for example calcium carbonate or sodium carbonate
  • the moisture causing the fog can be reduced in one or in separate operations by treatment with the material which splits off a gaseous reaction product with water droplets under exothermic reaction on the one hand and by means of the substance which binds water through hydration or hydrolysis on the other hand.
  • the air on its upstream side can be drawn off and blown off into an area outside the treatment area.
  • FIG. 1 An airfield apron measuring 50 x 30 x 15 m (22,500 m3) should be cleared of fog for a non-fixed period of time when there is no wind.
  • a fixed device is therefore installed which, see FIG. 1, consists of two stationary reaction vessels 7 and 8, a circulation fan 6 and a stationary, but adjustable by approximately 15 m height-adjustable system of suction nozzles.
  • Suction and pressure pipes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 having outlet openings.
  • the cables are made of plastic or light metal and are evenly distributed next to each other at a distance of approx. 8 to 10 m over the field of action.
  • the tube construction is carried and shifted by a lifting device system or by a light alloy construction.
  • the suction pipelines have suction ports directed downwards and the pressure pipelines have the pressure ports directed upwards, the suction and pressure pipelines being designed and installed as twin pipes.
  • the fog air is drawn in through the suction pipes of the twin pipes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 by means of the fan 6.
  • the fan can have a capacity of 22,500 m3 / h or 45,000 m3 / h or more, depending on the time within which the area must be defogged.
  • the sucked-in air reaches the circulation first of all to remove the fog moisture into the reaction container 7 filled with ground carbide, and then to reduce the relative humidity into the one with fine powdered sodium sulfate filled reaction vessel 8. It is then conveyed back as clear air heated by the exothermic reaction in vessel 7 via the pressure pipelines of the twin line to the treated area.
  • the pipes in the twin pipes have a diameter of 325 (or 460), the header pipes a diameter of 750 (or 1,000) mm.
  • the chemical requirement depends on the fog concentration.
  • the reaction vessels have a diameter of 2000/3500 mm.
  • An airport apron, as in example 1, is to be freed of creeping fog.
  • the same device as in Example 1 is used, but an additional device (FIG. 2) is installed on the inflow side of the mist into the treated area, which consists of a number of suction lines 10 arranged side by side, which are connected to the suction line of a fan system and suck the air out of the corridor 11 located on the inflow side of the field to be kept free of fog.
  • the suction power depends on the flow rate of the creeping mist, it is calculated at a flow rate of 0.5 m / sec - 1 350 000 m3 / h at an inflow speed of 1.0 m / sec - 2 700 000 m3 / h at an inflow speed of 1.5 m / sec - 4 050 000 m3 / h
  • Treatment area on the inflow side of the mist allows the additional device to work with a power that covers the entire inflow quantity, whereby on the one hand the air extracted from the upstream corridor 11 is discharged into a space 13 located outside the treatment area 12 and on the other hand the treatment area to that described in Example 1 Way is fogged.
  • the method
  • An airfield apron as in Example 1, is to be protected against the occurrence of fog.
  • the moisture indicator approaches the 100% saturation level.
  • the same system is put into operation as in example 1, but with the aim of continuously maintaining the saturation limit of 95%.
  • the fan 6 now only feeds the reaction container 8.
  • a soccer field 100 x 100 x 20 m (200,000 m3) is to be misted or to be protected against fog.
  • the same procedure is used as in FIG. 1, with the difference that the single twin tube which can be moved upwards is movable, for example on a trailer with a moveable platform-mounted system with a working width of 10 to 15 m is moved in tracks across the entire working area.
  • a zebra crossing in the city center should be kept completely fog-free.
  • the space to be fogged is 5 x 30 x 5 m (750 m3).
  • the nebulizer system is built up from elements in a stationary manner or a mobile unit is used. You move rectangular twin ring tubes from bottom to top and clear the passage. In the case of a long-lasting fog, the ring twin pipes are shifted in certain time periods. The air is sucked in - see FIG. 3 - by the fan 14, passed through the reaction container 15 and filter 16 into the pressure line of the ring twin pipe 17.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Atmospheric Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
  • Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)

Abstract

Dans ce procédé, l'air est aspiré et ramené de manière continue dans un cycle fermé, l'humidité de cet air étant réduite jusqu'à une valeur située en-dessous de la limite de saturation. Le traitement est effectué au moyen d'un carbure métallique, de préférence du carbure de calcium, et/ou d'une substance liant de l'eau par hydrolyse ou hydratation, par exemple de l'hydrophosphate de sodium ou du sulfate de sodium anhydre, pouvant être contenu lors du mélange des deux substances en une quantité allant jusqu'à 85 % en poids, de préférence située entre 35 et 65 % en poids, dans la substance réagissant avec l'humidité condensée. L'installation se compose d'un système de conduites (1-5) contenant des tuyères d'aspiration et relié à un récipient (7, 8) servant à recevoir le matériau réagissant avec l'humidité de l'air et relié à la buse d'aspiration d'un ventilateur (6) auquel est raccordée une conduite de pression (1-5) entourant la région limitée et comportant des ouvertures d'évacuation.

Claims (11)

  1. Procédé de dénébulation de l'atmosphère d'une zone plane limitée, par exemple un croisement de rues, l'aire d'évolution d'un aérodrome ou aéroport et analogues, conformément auquel on aspire l'air en continu dans un circuit fermé, on le fait passer par un récipient (7) contenant une substance, au cours de sa circulation dans le circuit, en vue de son traitement et, après l'élimination de l'humidité jusqu'à une valeur inférieure à la limite de saturation, on le renvoie dans l'atmosphère, caractérisé en ce que le traitement s'effectue avec une substance qui provoque la séparation d'un produit de réaction gazeux par réaction exothermique avec les gouttelettes d'eau qui forment ou engendrent le brouillard.
  2. Procédé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'on ajoute à la substance réagissant sur le brouillard une substance liant l'eau par hydrolyse et/ou hydratation, par exemple du chlorure de silicium, de l'oxyde de baryum, du carbonate de sodium, de l'hydrophosphate de sodium, du sulfate de sodium, exempt d'eau de cristallisation, ou analogues.
  3. Procédé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le traitement s'effectue avec un carbure de métal, de préférence le carbure de calcium, d'un calibre de grains supérieur à 0,3 mm, de préférence compris entre 1 mm et 150 mm.
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que l'on agite le carbure en continu ou à des intervalles réguliers mécaniquement par un agitateur ou à l'aide d'air comprimé en vue de la libération (mécanique) des surfaces des grains de produits de réaction et de l'obtention concomitante de son plein pouvoir réactionnel.
  5. Procédé suivant la revendication 3 ou 4, caractérisé en ce que le carbure de calcium contient, en vue de la liaison ou de la fixation de la phosphine (PH₃) éventuellement engendrée au cours de la réaction, un ou plusieurs sels d'un potentiel redox inférieur à celui de la phosphine, par exemple du nitrate d'argent ou du sulfate de cuivre.
  6. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que la substance contient, à titre d'additif, une substance organique contenant de l'azote et de l'hydrogène, par exemple un azane, un diazane, un triazane ou un tétrazane, un azène, un diazène, un triazène ou un tétrazène, un triazdiène ou un tétrazdiène, de surcroît, l'azo- ou le diazo-méthane, l'acide formique, la méthyladrazine, l'acide oxalique, le peroxyde de diméthyle, sous forme pure ou sous forme de sel.
  7. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que la substance contient, à titre de substances liant l'eau par hydrolyse ou hydratation, du chlorure de silicium, de l'oxyde de baryum, du carbonate de sodium, de l'hydrophosphate de sodium ou du sulfate de sodium, exempt d'eau de cristallisation, ou analogues.
  8. Procédé suivant la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que les substances liant l'eau par hydrolyse ou hydratation sont contenues dans la substance réagissant sur l'humidité condensée en une proportion allant jusqu'à 85% en poids, de préférence entre 35 et 65% en poids.
  9. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que la substance contient, en vue du tamponnement de la réaction, des matières inertes vis-à-vis de l'eau, par exemple des carbonates de métaux alcalins ou de métaux alcalino-terreux, par exemple du carbonate de calcium ou du carbonate de sodium.
  10. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications 2 à 9, caractérisé en ce que l'on élimine de l'air, par étapes opératoires séparées, l'humidité qui cause le brouillard par traitement par la matière qui provoque la séparation d'un produit de réaction gazeux par réaction exothermique sur les goutelettes d'eau et on réduit son humidité relative à l'aide de la substance liant ou fixant l'eau par hydratation ou hydrolyse.
  11. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce qu'en vue d'empêcher la pénétration d'un brouillard traînant dans la zone de traitement, on aspire l'air du côté par où ce brouillard arrive et on l'expulse en une zone située en-dehors de la zone de traitement.
EP85900101A 1983-12-12 1984-12-08 Procede pour eliminer le brouillard de l'atmosphere Expired - Lifetime EP0165278B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85900101T ATE66710T1 (de) 1983-12-12 1984-12-08 Verfahren zur beseitigung von nebel aus der atmosphaere.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19833344809 DE3344809A1 (de) 1983-12-12 1983-12-12 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur beseitigung von nebel aus der atmosphaere
DE3344809 1983-12-12

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0165278A1 EP0165278A1 (fr) 1985-12-27
EP0165278B1 true EP0165278B1 (fr) 1991-08-28

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ID=6216667

Family Applications (1)

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EP85900101A Expired - Lifetime EP0165278B1 (fr) 1983-12-12 1984-12-08 Procede pour eliminer le brouillard de l'atmosphere

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4726517A (fr)
EP (1) EP0165278B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS61500676A (fr)
DE (1) DE3344809A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1985002637A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT403073B (de) * 1987-06-04 1997-11-25 Jordan Paul Dipl Ing Verfahren und hochhaus zur verbesserung der aussenluft, insbesondere stadtluft
US5242109A (en) * 1990-04-12 1993-09-07 Esmond & Clifford, Inc. Method and apparatus for dispelling fog
WO1991016500A1 (fr) * 1990-04-12 1991-10-31 Esmond & Clifford, Inc. Procede et appareil servant a dissiper le brouillard
US5176319A (en) * 1990-04-12 1993-01-05 Esmond & Clifford, Inc. Method and apparatus for dispelling fog
DE4012636C2 (de) * 1990-04-20 1995-03-09 Artur Kunder Vorrichtung zur Entnebelung von Verkehrsräumen
US7191715B2 (en) * 2004-01-16 2007-03-20 Cnh America Llc Tandem gauge wheel assembly for planting unit
CN113118398A (zh) * 2021-04-19 2021-07-16 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 一种消除高碳马氏体不锈钢连铸板坯大颗粒碳化物的生产方法

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US2052626A (en) * 1933-06-05 1936-09-01 Massachusetts Inst Technology Method of dispelling fog
GB449321A (en) * 1934-12-18 1936-06-18 Massachusetts Inst Technology Method and apparatus for dispelling fog
US2176851A (en) * 1937-01-21 1939-10-17 Purdue Research Foundation Adsorbent and drying agent and process of producing it
US2700537A (en) * 1951-06-29 1955-01-25 Robert H Henley Humidity changer for air-conditioning
DE1005304B (de) * 1955-03-01 1957-03-28 Robert Von Linde Entnebelungsanlage fuer Fahrbahnen, insbesondere fuer Startbahnen auf Flugplaetzen
BE693797A (fr) * 1966-02-08 1967-07-17
FR1514726A (fr) * 1966-03-25 1968-02-23 Marelli & C Spa Ercole Dispositif permettant, en cas de brouillard, d'améliorer la visibilité au-dessus d'une zone d'étendue limitée de la surface terrestre, notamment au-dessus des pistesd'atterrissage pour avions
US3534906A (en) * 1967-11-20 1970-10-20 Dow Chemical Co Control of atmospheric particles
DE2016863A1 (de) * 1970-04-09 1971-10-21 Guntheroth, Dr Ing Hans, 4323 Altendorf Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Ent nebelung der Luft über Flugzeug Roll bahnen
DE2043519A1 (de) * 1970-09-02 1972-03-16 Farbwerke Hoechst AG, vorm. Meister Lucius & Brüning, 6000 Frankfurt Verfahren und Mittel zur Beeinflussung des Wetters
US3766079A (en) * 1970-10-13 1973-10-16 Smith Inland A O Exothermic composition
DE2217338C3 (de) * 1972-01-24 1980-12-04 Cellsystem Ag, Zofingen (Schweiz) Vorrichtung zur Enteisung, Be- und Entwässerung von Sportfeldanlagen
FR2199565B1 (fr) * 1972-09-15 1975-03-14 France Etat
GB1454595A (en) * 1974-02-15 1976-11-03 Dow Chemical Co Fog abatement
DE2434434B1 (de) * 1974-07-17 1975-06-12 Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen Einrichtung zur Wolken- und/oder Regenblldung
DE2703114A1 (de) * 1977-01-26 1978-07-27 Linde Ag Anlage zur klimatisierung von orten mit heissem klima und zur suesswassergewinnung an diesen orten
DE2952989A1 (en) * 1978-07-26 1981-01-08 J Clark Improvements in the stabilisation of hygroscopic salts
DE3228755A1 (de) * 1982-08-02 1984-02-02 Rudolf-Walter 4600 Dortmund Teuber Verfahren zur klimabeeinflussung
DE3247607A1 (de) * 1982-12-23 1984-07-05 Zbigniew Dr. 6078 Neu-Isenburg Boguslawski Verfahren zur beseitigung von nebel aus der atmosphaere

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4726517A (en) 1988-02-23
JPS61500676A (ja) 1986-04-10
DE3344809A1 (de) 1985-06-13
EP0165278A1 (fr) 1985-12-27
WO1985002637A1 (fr) 1985-06-20

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