EP0129571B1 - Verfahren zur beseitigung von nebel aus der atmosphäre - Google Patents

Verfahren zur beseitigung von nebel aus der atmosphäre Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0129571B1
EP0129571B1 EP84900053A EP84900053A EP0129571B1 EP 0129571 B1 EP0129571 B1 EP 0129571B1 EP 84900053 A EP84900053 A EP 84900053A EP 84900053 A EP84900053 A EP 84900053A EP 0129571 B1 EP0129571 B1 EP 0129571B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
water
fog
substances
spraying
reaction
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP84900053A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0129571A1 (de
Inventor
Zbigniew Dr. Boguslawski
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Boguslawski Zbigniewdr
Original Assignee
Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT84900053T priority Critical patent/ATE37402T1/de
Publication of EP0129571A1 publication Critical patent/EP0129571A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0129571B1 publication Critical patent/EP0129571B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01H—STREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING OR PREVENTING FOG IN GENERAL CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS
    • E01H13/00—Dispersing or preventing fog in general, e.g. on roads, on airfields

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for removing mist from the atmosphere by spraying a reagent into the misty atmosphere.
  • Fog formation is, according to many, a significant danger for the entire traffic management, for example in sea or river ports, airports, at busy traffic junctions or the like, or a considerable impediment to outdoor events, such as sporting events. They occur due to the condensation of water vapor from the atmosphere when the saturation limit of water in the atmosphere is reached or exceeded, the moisture condenses on crystallization nuclei in the atmosphere and thus separates droplets which have a diameter of between 0.1 and 30 microns and, due to their quasi-disperse fine distribution, the known ones Visibility clouded by fog.
  • the crystallization nuclei are formed here in particular by ionizable or ionized salt particles, which get into the atmosphere by spraying sea water or with the flue gases from combustion plants, so that a high concentration of mist-forming nuclei is found especially in densely populated areas.
  • the removal of existing mist or the prevention of mist formation has hitherto been carried out by spraying ion-forming substances, in particular silver iodide, at high altitudes, which is intended to bring about the agglomeration of the mist droplets and to cause them to rain (see e.g. GB -A-449 321).
  • ion-forming substances in particular silver iodide
  • the results achieved in this way are highly unsatisfactory in view of the fact that the nature of the material itself and the necessity of transporting it to great heights result in considerable costs, which in most cases are disproportionate to the benefits.
  • the aim of the present invention is to provide a method by means of which the mist can be removed to great heights at a lower cost and a freedom from fog can be ensured over a longer period of time.
  • the invention consists in that the treatment is carried out by spraying a substance in a fine distribution, which splits off a gaseous reaction product with the water droplets which form the cloudiness under exothermic reaction.
  • the invention provides a method by means of which long-lasting freedom from fog of large areas up to great heights can be achieved quickly and at low cost.
  • the invention is based on the effect that, on the one hand, the chemical reaction of the substance with water directly binds the moisture present in condensed form and, on the other hand, that the exothermic reaction in connection with the splitting off of a gaseous reaction product in the spray area creates a buoyancy in which the fine-grained material components are carried to great heights, so that the reaction continues from the spray level upwards.
  • the exothermic reaction has the further advantage that, as a result of the resulting warming of the air, the water absorption capacity of the air increases significantly or the relative air humidity decreases, which is the basis for the fact that the absence of fog in the treated area is maintained over longer periods of time.
  • the treatment is advantageously carried out with the aid of a substance that chemically reacts with water.
  • the metal carbides in particular calcium carbide, with a grain size of less than 0.3 mm, preferably less than 0.15 mm, are preferably used, which, with high heat emission and inexpensive to produce, form environmentally harmless reaction products, namely on the one hand calcium hydroxide, which continues to be used in a suitable manner
  • Cleaning of the atmosphere from nucleating particles and ions contributes
  • acethylene which due to its lower specific weight compared to air continues to generate buoyant forces beyond heating and decays in the atmosphere under the influence of active radiation, especially UV radiation from the sun.
  • metal carbides instead of the metal carbides, a number of other substances, in particular nitrogen and hydrogen-containing organic substances, can also be used, for example azanes, diazanes, triazanes or tetraazanes, furthermore azenes, diazenes, triazenes or tetraazenes, triazdienes or tetraazdienes, finally azo- or diazomethane , Formic acid, methylhadrazine, oxalic acid, dimethyl peroxide, in pure form or as a salt.
  • nitrogen and hydrogen-containing organic substances for example azanes, diazanes, triazanes or tetraazanes, furthermore azenes, diazenes, triazenes or tetraazenes, triazdienes or tetraazdienes, finally azo- or diazomethane , Formic acid, methylhadrazine, oxalic acid, dimethyl peroxide, in pure form or
  • one or more substances which bind water under an exothermic reaction by hydrolysis and / or hydration in particular sodium sulfate free from water of crystallization, sodium hydrophosphate, sodium carbonate, barium oxide, silicon chloride or the like, in an amount of up to 65% by weight, preferably between 15 and 35% by weight may be added. Due to the large water-binding capacity of these substances, even for non-condensed moisture, the water content of the air and thus the relative air humidity is further reduced, as a result of which the period of achievable freedom from fog is further increased significantly. For the same reason, the use of materials can be reduced considerably in many cases, especially in cases where the creation of leverage is not possible up to great heights are in question, the creation of large buoyancy forces by the formation of large amounts of gas and higher temperatures is therefore not necessary.
  • the substance or the substance mixture for buffering the reaction against water can be made of indifferent materials, for example alkali or alkaline earth carbonates, for example calcium carbonate or Sodium carbonate can be added.
  • the substance or the substance mixture can be sprayed with dried inert gas instead of with the dried air that is usually used.
  • the airport runway is to be cleared of a length of 3,000 m and a width of 60 m up to a height of 60 m.
  • the supersaturation is 25% at an outside temperature of 10 degrees Celsius.
  • the saturation at 10 degrees C is 10 g / m 3 for air, so that under the given conditions 2.5 g water / m 3 air, ie a total of 27,000 kg of water from the given air volume, must be bound.
  • the stoichiometric reaction ratio between calcium carbide and water is 1: 2, so that in total with a molecular weight of calcium carbide of 64 and water of 18 the use of a total of approximately 80,000 kg of calcium carbide is required for binding the water, which is approximately in the reaction Release 250,000 m 3 of acethylene, which corresponds to a proportion of the air volume in question of about 1.4%, ie a concentration that is still far from dangerous.
  • the spraying is carried out with several dust cannons with dried air at a pressure of 6 atm to a height of about 50 m, which results in a fog-free corridor in the required expansion for at least 8 hours.
  • a sports field 200 m long and 150 m wide should be cleared of fog up to a height of 50 m.
  • the amount of water to be bound in this case is 3 750 kg.
  • a mixture of substances consisting of 75% calcium carbide and 25% sodium hydrophosphate is used, of which 216 g of water per mole of substance used, corresponding to approximately 1,520 g of water per kg, are bound.
  • the mixture used thus binds approximately 800 g of water per kg, so that a total of approximately 4,687 kg of substance mixture must be used.
  • the spraying takes place in the manner described in Example 1 at a height of approximately 30 to 35 m.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Atmospheric Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Materials Applied To Surfaces To Minimize Adherence Of Mist Or Water (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
EP84900053A 1982-12-23 1983-12-18 Verfahren zur beseitigung von nebel aus der atmosphäre Expired EP0129571B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84900053T ATE37402T1 (de) 1982-12-23 1983-12-18 Verfahren zur beseitigung von nebel aus der atmosphaere.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19823247607 DE3247607A1 (de) 1982-12-23 1982-12-23 Verfahren zur beseitigung von nebel aus der atmosphaere
DE3247607 1982-12-23

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0129571A1 EP0129571A1 (de) 1985-01-02
EP0129571B1 true EP0129571B1 (de) 1988-09-21

Family

ID=6181478

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84900053A Expired EP0129571B1 (de) 1982-12-23 1983-12-18 Verfahren zur beseitigung von nebel aus der atmosphäre

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0129571B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS60500297A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (2) DE3247607A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
WO (1) WO1984002542A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3344809A1 (de) * 1983-12-12 1985-06-13 Zbigniew Dr. 6078 Neu-Isenburg Boguslawski Verfahren und vorrichtung zur beseitigung von nebel aus der atmosphaere
DE3423354A1 (de) * 1984-06-25 1986-06-05 INTU-Institut für neue Technologien im Umweltschutz GmbH, 4430 Steinfurt Verfahren und streumaterial zur erhoehung der griffigkeit von eisflaechen
RU2169228C2 (ru) * 1999-04-12 2001-06-20 Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Пермский завод им.С.М.Кирова" Способ воздействия на атмосферные явления
RU2191499C2 (ru) * 2000-04-13 2002-10-27 Козлов Владимир Николаевич Способ управления погодой

Family Cites Families (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB449321A (en) * 1934-12-18 1936-06-18 Massachusetts Inst Technology Method and apparatus for dispelling fog
FR797862A (fr) * 1935-02-08 1936-05-05 Procédé et appareils pour assurer la visibilité malgré le brouillard et les nuages naturels ou artificiels
DE956278C (de) * 1953-05-04 1957-01-17 George Alfred Hugh Elton Verfahren zum Zerteilen von Nebel
FR1460540A (fr) * 1965-04-02 1966-01-07 Consiglio Nazionale Ricerche Compositions combustibles pour la production d'aérosols convenant en particulier pour la modification des conditions météorologiques
US3534906A (en) * 1967-11-20 1970-10-20 Dow Chemical Co Control of atmospheric particles
DE2043497A1 (de) * 1970-09-02 1972-03-16 Farbwerke Hoechst AG, vormals Meister Lucius & Brüning, 6000 Frankfurt Verfahren und Mittel zur Beeinflussung des Wetters
DE2043519A1 (de) * 1970-09-02 1972-03-16 Farbwerke Hoechst AG, vorm. Meister Lucius & Brüning, 6000 Frankfurt Verfahren und Mittel zur Beeinflussung des Wetters
US3690552A (en) * 1971-03-09 1972-09-12 Us Army Fog dispersal
CH531099A (de) * 1971-07-26 1972-11-30 Wollin Goesta Verfahren zur Auflösung von Nebel
BE793144A (fr) * 1971-12-21 1973-06-21 Hoechst Ag Procede et agents permettant d'influer sur le temps
CH577076A5 (en) * 1972-03-27 1976-06-30 Hoechst Ag Weather control - with cloud and for dissipation using polyfunctional alcohols esp sugars and polyvinyl alcohols
DE2228281C3 (de) * 1972-06-09 1975-10-23 Institut Geofisiki Akademii Nauk Grusinskoj Ssr, Tbilisi Verfahren zur Kristallisation von Wasser in unterkühlten Wolken und Nebeln
FR2199565B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1972-09-15 1975-03-14 France Etat
GB1454595A (en) * 1974-02-15 1976-11-03 Dow Chemical Co Fog abatement

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3247607A1 (de) 1984-07-05
DE3378066D1 (en) 1988-10-27
JPS60500297A (ja) 1985-03-07
EP0129571A1 (de) 1985-01-02
WO1984002542A1 (en) 1984-07-05
DE3247607C2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1988-04-14

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