EP0126731B1 - Planfreie knotenpunkte - Google Patents

Planfreie knotenpunkte Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0126731B1
EP0126731B1 EP83902427A EP83902427A EP0126731B1 EP 0126731 B1 EP0126731 B1 EP 0126731B1 EP 83902427 A EP83902427 A EP 83902427A EP 83902427 A EP83902427 A EP 83902427A EP 0126731 B1 EP0126731 B1 EP 0126731B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lanes
core region
arrangement according
arm
road
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP83902427A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0126731A1 (de
Inventor
Horst Hellwig
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT83902427T priority Critical patent/ATE28095T1/de
Publication of EP0126731A1 publication Critical patent/EP0126731A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0126731B1 publication Critical patent/EP0126731B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C1/00—Design or layout of roads, e.g. for noise abatement, for gas absorption
    • E01C1/04—Road crossings on different levels; Interconnections between roads on different levels

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an arrangement of lanes in plan-free three- or four-armed nodes with any number of lanes and possible directions in up to two levels, with a symmetrical exchange of the inner lanes in intersection structures (C) and the lane selection according to the geographical destination before entering the Node occurs and the nodes (Fig.1 and Fig.2) are structured in a conflict-free core area (A1 or A2) with the directional road pairs (1u.4, 2u.5, 3u.6), their deflecting currents (1u.4, 3u.6) of nominally large nominal diameters (R o ) turn their apex to the center, and in interweaving areas (B1 or B2) according to the number of arms.
  • A1 or A2 conflict-free core area
  • R o nominally large nominal diameters
  • the invention is accordingly based on the object to provide an arrangement of lanes in plan-free three- or four-armed nodes of the type mentioned, which solves very different operating tasks with minimal space requirement in only two levels, with the use of modular elements that can be inserted according to the spatial offerings of differently constructed junctions into the intersections is made possible and it is ensured that the main streams can be guided with uninterrupted right of way in every direction.
  • a three- or four-arm core area becomes parallel
  • Directional roadway pairs flowed through without conflict points, with the two or four quarter circles of current pairs turning their apex facing the intersection center.
  • Nominal radiuses of any size do not affect the homology of core areas.
  • Required additions or subtractions of lanes are made along the three or four continuing arms. Accordingly, a road user makes his directional decision before entering the intersection by taking the lane announced to him, once and for all.
  • the lanes emerging from the core area are divided into two uniform pairs of directional lanes in a known manner by symmetrically interchanging the inner lanes in an intersection structure and ramps, with the track guidance in the intersection structure achieving a space-saving overall geometry.
  • preferential flows can also be conducted in any possible direction by discrete groups of lanes being exchanged.
  • the number of lanes is irrelevant.
  • the arrangement of conflict points between the core area and an intersection leads to so-called saving solutions with a smaller number of lanes to be exchanged in the intersection.
  • four-armed nodes can be miniaturized and thus enable long-distance express traffic, for example, along a vertical axis, in that all extensions or The side streams are threaded to or from the right, while the horizontal axis is used to access the neighborhood, all the entrances and exits of which are served by geographically logical lane selections.
  • Four-armed core areas according to the invention are deformable, so that large radii are possible within intersections built on all sides.
  • the core area can be curved around a diagonal system axis until a quarter circle extends over three right angles, so that all side streams can be arranged on a single quadrant of its axis cross and that a large radius becomes available for a turning main stream or also for in to allow the open landscape in a difficult topography to follow any kind of lane pairs by stretching and bending natural slopes.
  • the invention is always level, so that when assembling a four-armed core area from two three-armed this advantage of flatness is usable in mouths. In this way, the two straight streams do not turn when there are no street widths in the intersection, they rather bypass a block of houses using the two three-armed core areas.
  • bus stops with transfer options in all directions can still be created by providing an elliptical island between the two lanes in the center on each of the two levels and the exit openings of the buses facing the island.
  • each of the three lanes facing the inner surface can be assigned a parallel secondary lane with a petrol station, parking spaces for cars / trucks according to the known standard. These of the secondary lanes combined to form a ring traffic ensure both an arrival and departure from or in each direction for supply / disposal as well as the compensation of different daily and seasonal loads.
  • lanes are only drawn with a single line, it is understood, however, that each lane can have two, three or more lanes.
  • En. 1 is the basic principle of a three-armed node acc. shown the invention. From the arrangement it can first be seen that the lanes 1 and 4 and 3 and 6 form only a quarter circle with the same radius R and enclose a triangular surface with the straight-line lanes 2u.5, which represents the core area A1. The node shown is targeted. All points of conflict D, a total of 6, lie outside the core area A1 in the interweaving areas B1 with the crossing structures C.
  • the incoming lane 1 or the continuing lane 6 in the interweaving area B1 'in the intersection structure C or the interweaving area B1 are additionally and parallel exchanged, these lanes then being located on the side in the core area A1 of the main stream, the number of lanes is, as can easily be seen, irrelevant.
  • the four-armed node shown in FIG. 2 in turn has a core area A2 and, depending on the number of arms, four interweaving areas B2 with four crossing structures C in the arms and one crossing structure in the core area A2.
  • the necessary minimum number of conflict points d is sixteen, which are arranged in the interweaving areas B2 of the four arms at a sufficiently large distance.
  • lane 1 is additionally interchanged in interweaving area B2 'in intersection structure C or lane 6 in interweaving area B2 ", and here too, these lanes lie in core area A2 on the side of the turning main stream (1 / 4 or 3/6) outside.
  • the interweaving areas B2 '' 'or B2 "" show variants referred to below as “saving solutions”, which can be used if the intersection structure C in the interweaving area B2' “or B2" "and the core area A2 are sufficiently straight lengths available so that the corresponding conflict points D can be arranged between the core area A2 and the crossing structure C. ***" In this way, the exchanges of the two lanes 3 + 4 in the intersection structure C of the interweaving area B2 '"and the interchanges of the lanes 2 + 5 in the intersection structure C of the interweaving area B2" "are unnecessary. Further savings solutions of this type can be found in FIGS.
  • the variant of the interlacing area 82 "" shows a main stream turning to the left, with the carriageway 6 lying outside in the core area .A2.
  • Comparison criteria of a known node (“cloverleaf") with the node according to the invention according to FIG. 2 are shown in the following overview .
  • FIG 3 shows, as a further variant according to the invention, the laying of a straight flow of a north-south axis into the outer layer.
  • the result of this is that the exchange in the two crossing structures C of the interweaving areas B is in turn only possible on two levels and the north-south flow is preferred. This is crossed in the core area A2 from both directions of travel into the quarters, with all unthreading taking place in a targeted manner.
  • the node variants shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 can be used in an intersection built on four corners, which cannot accommodate a core area according to FIG. 2. This is done here in that two quarter circle elements are arranged diagonally to one another on each of the two levels in the low position and the two straight currents traverse in a symmetrical manner in the corresponding levels.
  • the exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 4 and 5 differ in that two quarter-circle elements each open once vertically one above the other and once next to one another in the arms and influence their possible nominal radius. In this so-called step-by-step miniaturization, the directional ordering takes place in that discrete lanes reach the road surface in three groups (FIG. 4) or in two groups (FIG. 5) and immediately strive towards their associated side of the road.
  • lanes 1, 2, 3 and continuing 4 5 in FIG. 4, of which the lanes 3 and 4 first go down, then the lanes 2 and 5 and finally 1 and 6.
  • Any necessary subtraction of lanes takes place in the continuing arms.
  • the ground-level area for pedestrians can be used to create a multi-center with appropriate passages.
  • FIG. 6 shows a further four-armed junction, which is composed of two three-armed core areas A1, as a solution for checkerboard-like streets, as are often found in cities. It can be seen that there are no turns in the (virtual) intersection area at A2.
  • FIG. 7 shows a three-armed node according to FIG. 1, which houses a rest area as a business unit.
  • Each of the three directional lanes 2, 3, 4 facing the plane-level core area A1 is assigned a parallel secondary lane 20, 30, 40 for accessing a petrol station 51, a P-car 52 and a P-truck 53 according to known standards, while in the center the The inner surface of a rest area 54 with all branches of operation.
  • the three secondary tracks 20, 30, 40 are joined together by partial circles 50 to form a ring which can be driven through in a clockwise direction. It can be seen that with this arrangement the arrival from any direction of travel as well as the departure in any direction is easily ensured.
  • the conflict points D are again arranged beyond the crossing structure C.
  • FIG. 8 shows a further exemplary embodiment with three untouched corner properties and all the traffic flows turning on a free quadrant.
  • the "virtual" core area A2 is curved around a diagonal system axis X-X until a deflecting side stream (1/4) forms an arc from three right angles.
  • this variant is used when the two straight flows north-south and east-west are given priority.
  • the branch stream 1 +4 can be formed from south to east over the free quadrant with a large nominal diameter.
  • this side stream can also become the unbroken main stream, in that the exchange in the corresponding crossing structures C instead of as shown (2 + 3 + 6/4 + 5) takes place in mirror image.
  • FIG. 9 shows, in a further embodiment of the invention, a four-armed node according to FIG. 2, the core region A2 of which, however, is deformed into the H shape here.
  • the saving solution described can be used by unthreading or threading the two lanes 3/5 + 3/5 within this connecting piece, so that there are reduced widths in the following triangle opposite the core area A2.
  • the savings solution continues to be used both in this triangle and in the core area A2 by threading the lanes 2/5 and 2/5 in A2 and 2/2 in the triangle in the subsequent interweaving areas B. The result of this is that only two lanes have to be exchanged in the four crossing structures C.
  • FIG. 10 shows, as a further development of FIG. 3, an arrangement in which the two north-south flows in the core area A2 are outside, but the accesses from north / south are targeted and only in the two interweaving areas B do the two lanes 3 / 4 are exchanged.
  • the system of bus stops S is shown with the possibility of changing in all directions by arranging islands in both planes in the center of the core area A2. Pedestrian traffic takes place on a level platform above the open pit of core area A2 with access to the four islands.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)
  • Traffic Control Systems (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Road Signs Or Road Markings (AREA)
EP83902427A 1982-06-30 1983-06-16 Planfreie knotenpunkte Expired EP0126731B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83902427T ATE28095T1 (de) 1982-06-30 1983-06-16 Planfreie knotenpunkte.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3224429 1982-06-30
DE19823224429 DE3224429A1 (de) 1982-06-30 1982-06-30 Planfreie knotenpunkte

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0126731A1 EP0126731A1 (de) 1984-12-05
EP0126731B1 true EP0126731B1 (de) 1987-07-01

Family

ID=6167235

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83902427A Expired EP0126731B1 (de) 1982-06-30 1983-06-16 Planfreie knotenpunkte

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4630961A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
EP (1) EP0126731B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS59501221A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE3224429A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
IT (1) IT1201056B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
WO (1) WO1984000182A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102518016A (zh) * 2011-12-19 2012-06-27 谢利文 一种连续通行公路立交桥结构

Families Citing this family (39)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4861184A (en) * 1987-12-11 1989-08-29 Mier Francisco D Continuous flow cloverleaf type interchange
US5049000A (en) * 1987-12-23 1991-09-17 Mier Francisco D Continuous flow intersection
AU604196B1 (en) * 1989-09-11 1990-12-06 John Tsai Crossroad without traffic lights
CN1039358C (zh) * 1992-07-09 1998-07-29 乔晓东 定向式立体交叉桥
AT1903U1 (de) * 1996-11-26 1998-01-26 Brandstaetter Josef Ampelfreie kreuzung
KR100250021B1 (ko) * 1996-12-02 2000-03-15 박태진 진로 예약방식과 지선 정차방식을 이용한 개별 궤도 수송 시스템
US5795095A (en) * 1997-10-29 1998-08-18 Heller; Kenneth G. Simultaneous left turn vehicular intersection
AU753103B2 (en) * 1997-11-19 2002-10-10 Jang Hee Lee Intersection systems
KR19990040669A (ko) * 1997-11-19 1999-06-05 이장휘 21세기 교차로 시스템
RU2135675C1 (ru) * 1998-08-31 1999-08-27 Гусев Борис Владимирович Транспортная развязка пересечения мкад и ул. молодогвардейская
RU2136802C1 (ru) * 1998-08-31 1999-09-10 Гусев Борис Владимирович Кольцевая магистраль мегаполиса и способ реконструкции кольцевой магистрали мегаполиса
RU2135677C1 (ru) * 1998-08-31 1999-08-27 Гусев Борис Владимирович Транспортная развязка пересечения мкад и ул.молдагуловой
RU2135678C1 (ru) * 1998-08-31 1999-08-27 Гусев Борис Владимирович Транспортная развязка пересечения мкад и автодороги ховрино - долгопрудный
RU2135674C1 (ru) * 1998-08-31 1999-08-27 Гусев Борис Владимирович Транспортная развязка пересечения мкад и автодорог рублевского и рублево-успенского шоссе
RU2135676C1 (ru) * 1998-08-31 1999-08-27 Гусев Борис Владимирович Транспортная развязка пересечения мкад и автодороги мичуринский проспект - боровское шоссе
CN1235221A (zh) * 1999-04-06 1999-11-17 杨福顺 一种用以组成城市立交道路网的路口立交桥及其制造方法
CN100383340C (zh) * 2000-06-12 2008-04-23 赵兆 单向式立体交叉立交桥
CN100366821C (zh) * 2000-08-08 2008-02-06 张乐平 高低车分道完全互通式二层立交桥
US20050008432A1 (en) * 2002-11-19 2005-01-13 Lindsey William J. Simplified "T" interchange designs for a "T" intersection of a divided expressway or freeway with a two lane highway
US20040184879A1 (en) * 2003-03-17 2004-09-23 Winkler Gary E. Roadway system interchange
CN1291874C (zh) * 2005-04-15 2006-12-27 杨南征 水平电梯个体交通运输系统及其调度方法
EP1957714A4 (en) * 2005-11-24 2011-03-02 Jozef Goj INTERSECTION WITH CIRCULATION CONTROL
JP4795197B2 (ja) * 2006-10-26 2011-10-19 公益財団法人鉄道総合技術研究所 都心地域の複合交通システム
US8146508B2 (en) * 2008-10-08 2012-04-03 Patrick Joseph Flynn Pneumatic mass transportation system
WO2010058413A1 (en) * 2008-11-19 2010-05-27 Pradeep Kumar Non-merging non-intersecting traffic stream flyovers
RU2428538C2 (ru) * 2009-08-11 2011-09-10 Андрей Степанович Васильев Способ строительства путепроводной развязки
KR101130807B1 (ko) * 2009-12-17 2012-03-28 한국철도기술연구원 튜브 철도 시스템의 진공 분할 관리 시스템 및 진공 차단막 장치
CN101787669A (zh) * 2010-02-11 2010-07-28 汪洋翰 易于左转弯的高速公路立交桥
CN102261026B (zh) * 2011-06-16 2013-04-17 白羽 分布式二层定向立交桥
US8950970B2 (en) * 2011-07-09 2015-02-10 Michael A. Gingrich, SR. Double crossover merging interchange
CN103456163B (zh) * 2012-06-04 2015-12-02 北京市市政工程设计研究总院有限公司 城市快速路互通立交通行能力和运行状态判别方法与系统
US8917190B1 (en) 2013-01-23 2014-12-23 Stephen Waller Melvin Method of restricting turns at vehicle intersections
CN103061222A (zh) * 2013-01-25 2013-04-24 龙跃君 一种两层面不占地的互通式立交桥及其通行方法
SG11201600278XA (en) 2013-08-02 2016-02-26 Gilead Meroz A spiral ring full road interchange system
CN104612012B (zh) * 2015-02-06 2016-08-17 童斐 十字路口车道无交叉连续通行交通系统及其控制方法
CN104750919B (zh) * 2015-03-16 2017-08-15 同济大学 一种道路通行能力影响因素识别方法
CN106436514A (zh) * 2016-08-15 2017-02-22 汪光凯 十字架立交桥
US10533290B2 (en) * 2018-01-08 2020-01-14 Jaime Vicente Fuentes Flores Continuous flow city
RU2712820C1 (ru) * 2018-10-19 2020-01-31 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Тюменский индустриальный университет" (ТИУ) Транспортная развязка

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1515251A (en) * 1924-06-11 1924-11-11 John F Goode Street-traffic system
US1689161A (en) * 1925-11-06 1928-10-23 Charles A Skultin Highway crossing
US1981361A (en) * 1931-06-12 1934-11-20 Albert S Jones Crossing structure
US2949067A (en) * 1957-05-24 1960-08-16 Cedeno Arturo Olivero Traffic intersection
US2946267A (en) * 1957-10-07 1960-07-26 Cedeno Arturo Olivero Traffic intersection
US3107590A (en) * 1958-10-20 1963-10-22 Cedeno Arturo Olivero Traffic intersection
AT265349B (de) * 1963-05-20 1968-10-10 Georg Langeheineken Fahrstraßenanlage
GB1134693A (en) * 1965-03-29 1968-11-27 John Edwin Burrell Improvements in or relating to road junctions
FR1523478A (fr) * 1967-03-24 1968-05-03 échangeur routier pour autoroutes
DE2106313A1 (de) * 1971-02-10 1972-08-31 Wild, Erich, Thusis (Schweiz) Hochleistungsstraßen-Straßenknoten-Bauwerk mit Autobahn-Center-Passepartout für Rechtsverkehr
DE2839339C2 (de) * 1978-09-09 1983-04-21 Carl Schenck Ag, 6100 Darmstadt Anordnung zum gegenseitigen Anheben zweier sich kreuzender Fahrbahnen

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102518016A (zh) * 2011-12-19 2012-06-27 谢利文 一种连续通行公路立交桥结构

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IT1201056B (it) 1989-01-27
WO1984000182A1 (en) 1984-01-19
IT8367712A0 (it) 1983-06-29
JPH0222801B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1990-05-21
DE3224429A1 (de) 1984-01-12
DE3224429C2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1989-06-15
US4630961A (en) 1986-12-23
EP0126731A1 (de) 1984-12-05
JPS59501221A (ja) 1984-07-12

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0126731B1 (de) Planfreie knotenpunkte
DE69825478T2 (de) Strassenkreuzungssystem
DE1534218A1 (de) Mehrebenen-Strassen-Kreuzung
US5921701A (en) Traffic interchange
EP0844332B1 (de) Ampelfreie Kreuzung
DE69420731T2 (de) Navigationssystem und Wegsuchverfahren
EP2278070A2 (de) Verkehrssystem
DE4135693A1 (de) Verkehrsfuehrungssystem
CN102493298A (zh) 能同时实现左转的交叉路口
KR100195608B1 (ko) 2현시 3지 교차로 및 신호제어방법
DE10103714A1 (de) Verfahren zum Erhalten präziser Straßenkarten
WO2010058413A1 (en) Non-merging non-intersecting traffic stream flyovers
DE3832498C2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH481269A (de) Fahrstrassenanlage
DE10138017A1 (de) Wandeln von Sperrflächen auf Kreuzungen und Einmündungen von Strassen in Aufenthaltsflächen für linksabbiegende Fahrzeuge
DE548907C (de) Niveaufreie Strassenkreuzung
DE212022000033U1 (de) Doppelkreuzüberführung für Zentralachsenringhauptverkehrsstraße
DE112005002323T5 (de) Ebenes Terminal für ein spurgeführtes Verkehrssystem
RU1786221C (ru) Транспортна разв зка
DE9101224U1 (de) Gerät zur Volksbelustigung mit spurgebundenen Fahrzeugen
DE102004044936B4 (de) Komplexer Straßenknotenpunkt
AT414246B (de) Verbindung von niveauunterschiedlichen strassen
DE399050C (de) Bahnhofsanlage
CN107151955A (zh) 十字路口零相交的交通系统
CN105970754B (zh) 微型适用立交桥

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE FR GB LI NL

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19840919

RBV Designated contracting states (corrected)

Designated state(s): AT BE CH FR GB LI NL

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19861003

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH FR GB LI NL

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Effective date: 19870701

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 28095

Country of ref document: AT

Date of ref document: 19870715

Kind code of ref document: T

ET Fr: translation filed
PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 19900629

Year of fee payment: 8

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 19900630

Year of fee payment: 8

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Effective date: 19910616

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Effective date: 19920101

NLV4 Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee
PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 19930527

Year of fee payment: 11

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 19930628

Year of fee payment: 11

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 19940610

Year of fee payment: 12

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Effective date: 19940630

Ref country code: CH

Effective date: 19940630

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Effective date: 19950228

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Effective date: 19950616

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 19950616