EP0104081B1 - Spinnvorrichtung für zusammengestellte Fasern mit mehreren Komponenten - Google Patents

Spinnvorrichtung für zusammengestellte Fasern mit mehreren Komponenten Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0104081B1
EP0104081B1 EP19830305519 EP83305519A EP0104081B1 EP 0104081 B1 EP0104081 B1 EP 0104081B1 EP 19830305519 EP19830305519 EP 19830305519 EP 83305519 A EP83305519 A EP 83305519A EP 0104081 B1 EP0104081 B1 EP 0104081B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spinneret
stream
polymer
channel
composite stream
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EP19830305519
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0104081A2 (de
EP0104081A3 (en
Inventor
Hiroyasu Kato
Kenkichi Yagi
Masafumi Ogasawara
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Toray Industries Inc
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Toray Industries Inc
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Publication of EP0104081A3 publication Critical patent/EP0104081A3/en
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/28—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like while mixing different spinning solutions or melts during the spinning operation; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D01D5/30—Conjugate filaments; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D01D5/36—Matrix structure; Spinnerette packs therefor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a spinneret assembly for multi-ingredient composite fibers, more particularly to spinneret assembly suitable for producing synthetic fibers in which a plurality of ingredients are mixed in cross-section thereof.
  • GB-A-1302584 discloses apparatus for spinning islands-in-a-sea type composite fibers in which respective island-forming and sea-forming polymers are guided separately to a converging uniting chamber.
  • Japanese Examined Patent Publication (Kokoku) No. 44-18369 discloses a composite spinning method advantageous for spinning stability.
  • Theoretically, according to this prior art method it is possible to spin multi-ingredient composite fibers having 5 or 100 or even 1,000 "islands" in cross-section by using a spinneret assembly having an increased number of pipes.
  • Such a spinneret assembly however, results in considerable difference in the discharging rate of the polymer between nozzle orifices thereof. This is because pressure exerted on the molten polymer in the spinneret assembly drops in accordance with the distance between the polymer inlet and nozzle orifices.
  • JP-A-54-125718 proposes another spinneret assembly by which "islands in sea" type composite fibers can be obtained with a lower number of pipes. Even by this assembly, however, it is difficult to produce a multi-ingredient composite fiber having an extremely finely divided core, from which extremely fine filaments can be obtained. Fibers obtained by this known apparatus have a plurality of core ingredients divided by another ingredient. The number of divisions is usually limited to 10 due to the structure of the spinneret assembly. This is because, if divided by more than 10, a divided polymer stream tends to join with an adjacent divided polymer stream after being conjugated with polymer stream of another ingredient.
  • US-A-3672802- describes a spinneret assembly in which different polymer streams are joined to form a composite which is thereafter divided and re-joined, the resulting composite stream being emitted through a converging nozzle.
  • the outer surface is defined by polymers from each of the respective streams.
  • a spinneret assembly for spinning multi-ingredient composite fibers comprised of at least two kinds of polymer component, which assembly is constituted by at least three different kinds of spinneret element in cooperation with one another.
  • the spinneret elements are constructed and arranged within the spinneret assembly so as to provide fibers comprising at least one composite core component formed by a composite stream and entirely surrounded by a sheath component, the composite core component itself containing a large number of spaced apart streams of one of the ingredients of the composite core, such as an islands-in-a-sea type core, at least when only one such composite core component is present.
  • the invention provides a spinneret assembly which assembly comprises, in combination:
  • a spinneret assembly which assembly comprises in combination:
  • the spinneret assembly may have more than one of each kind of spinneret element (i)-(iii), each at a given respective vertical level of the spinneret assembly.
  • the spinneret elements may be arranged in any order provided that the lowermost spinneret element is of the kind (iii).
  • the spinneret assembly may additionally include at least one spinneret element not of the kind (i)-(iii) above.
  • the fibers shown in Figs. 1A to 11 each have cores which are normally composed of two ingredients and a are obtained - by a two-stream system.
  • the term "two ingredients” does not always mean two kinds of polymer, because any one ingredient may be composed of two or more kinds of polymer.
  • the fibers shown in Figs. 1A to 11 are usually composed of three ingredients and are obtained by a three-stream system.
  • the term "three ingredients” does not always mean three "kinds of polymer. It may include four or more kinds of polymer or, in some cases, only two kinds of polymer.
  • the cores of the fibers of Figs. 1A to 11 are assumed to be composed of two kinds of polymer; and the fibers to be composed of three kinds of polymer.
  • the cores of the fibers of Figs. 1A to 11 each consist of a plurality of islands (cores) of a first ingredient 1 and a sea of a second ingredient 2.
  • the fibers of Figs. 1A to 1D each consist of a single core composed of a plurality of islands of the first ingredient 1 and a sea of the second ingredient 2, and a sheath composed of an ocean of a third ingredient 3.
  • the fibers of Figs. 1 E to 11 each consist of a plurality of archipelagos, each composed of a plurality of islands of the first ingredient 1 and a sea of the second ingredient 2, and an ocean of the third ingredient 3.
  • the structure of the combination of the first and second components is obtained by dividing a primary stream of the first ingredient 1 into a plurality of secondary streams of more than 10, in special case more than 100, 1,000 or 10,000 and by joining the secondary streams with another secondary stream of the second ingredient 2, whereby the cross section of the fiber takes on the archipelago-like appearance.
  • the configuration of the island of the first ingredient 1 is usually a circle, especially when the size thereof is relatively small.
  • non- circular configurations are also available according to the present invention, such as the spindle shape of some of the islands of the fiber shown in Fig. 1D, the mica shape shown in ⁇ Fig. 1G, a scale shape, new moon shape, polygonal shape, or the shape of Celebes Island.
  • some of the cores of the first ingredient 1 may include islands of the second ingredient 2 therein.
  • the configuration of the archipelago forming the core is substantially circular when the weight ratio of the archipelago ingredients 1 and 2 divided by the ocean ingredient 3 is rather small. However, as the ratio becomes larger, the shape thereof is deformed, gradually assuming a densely packed condition.
  • the fiber in Fig. 11 has a plurality of archipelagos of different sizes.
  • the composite fiber obtained by the inventive spinneret assembly usually has a circular cross-section but may have other configurations, such as the trilobal (see the core of the fiber shown in Fig. 1 C), a polygon, bar, or starfish corresponding to the configurations of nozzle orifices which can be varied in accordance with the purpose of the final product.
  • the longitudinal structure of the typical composite fiber is illustrated in Fig. 2A, in which six cores of the archipelago composed of a plurality of small cores of the first ingredient 1 and a sea of the second ingredient 2 are embedded in an ocean of the third ingredient 3 and extend in the longitudinal direction substantially to form continuous filaments.
  • One core of the composite fiber shown in Fig. 2A is illustrated in Fig. 2B in an enlarged scale.
  • the core of the composite fiber according to the invention has a very large number of extremely fine continuous filaments of the first ingredient 1 dispersed in the second ingredient 2.
  • the multi-filament thus obtained is composed of six sub-bundles constituted by a large number (10, 100, or more than 1000) of extremely fine filaments.
  • the fibers obtained by means of the spinneret assembly of the present invention are suitably utilized for making napkins, towels, various microfilters, polishing cloths, wiping cloths, wicks of kerosene room heaters or lamps, artificial blood vessels, artificial skin, gauze, substrates of artificial fur, and so on after being converted to an intermediate product such as yarn, strand, or sheet with part of the ingredients removed by dissolution, if necessary.
  • the fiber produced by the inventive spinneret assembly is similar to a collagen fiber in structure, the fiber is very advantageously used as a material of various artificial leathers.
  • a calf-like leather with a grain side of favourable hand feeling, a nubuck-like leather densely covered with a plurality of short naps, or a suede-like leather of soft hand feeling as well as elegant appearance is obtained.
  • the fibers- obtained by the spinneret assembly of the invention are subjected to high speed fluid flow such as a water jet stream, they can easily be split to a large number of fibrils which are suitable for forming a grain side of the artificial leather.
  • the fibers from the spinneret assembly of the invention may import new features to many other goods, whereby the usages of the fiber will be developed more widely.
  • the following process step 1, in combination with step 2, or with steps 2 and 3, may be basically adopted after forming the multi-phase composite stream of the first and second ingredients 1 and 2 shown in Fig. 4A:
  • the spinneret assembly is sectioned into three spinneret elements provided by four components W, X, W and Z in succession along a polymer flow path.
  • Upper component W and component X are, respectively, examples of constructions providing spinneret elements (i) and (ii) generally described above.
  • component W a molten first polymer providing the first ingredient 1 is distributed into a plurality of streams I by holes 4 bored through a first rigid plate a.
  • the streams I sequentially flow down through holes 5 bored through a second rigid plate b and pipes 7 held in holes bored in a third rigid plate c and reach a funnel-like portion 10.
  • Each stream I is encircled by a stream II of a molten second polymer providing the second ingredient 2 introduced from a space 8 into an annular space between the pipes 7 and holes 9 bored through a fourth rigid plate d.
  • the holes 4, 5 and the pipes 7 define a plurality of first channels for the polymer streams I, while the space 8 and the holes 9 form second channels for the polymer streams II.
  • the sheath-core composite streams are collected at the composite stream forming region 100 at the end of portion 20 and converged by the portion 20 before introduction to a dividing device 11.
  • the portion 10 may be of any configuration not limited to a funnel shape provided it can converge a plurality of composite streams.
  • the holes 4 bored through the first rigid plate a mainly function to divide the molten polymer into a plurality of uniform polymer streams I.
  • the holes 4 are not always necessary because the pipes 7 also have the same distributing function.
  • the holes 4 are narrower, particularly at the lowermost portions thereof, which allow the polymer streams to be distributed more uniformly.
  • the holes 5 bored through the second rigid plate b serve to communicate the holes 4 to the pipes 7.
  • the holes 5 are also not always necessary; however, they are preferable as they prevent the pipes 7 from coming out upwardly from their secured positions.
  • the pipes 7 are also preferably provided with a stepped portion 6 so as not to fall out downwardly from their secured position.
  • the pipes 7 may be set in the third rigid plate c by means of various methods other than mere insertion as shown in Fig. 5, such as screw engagement, welding, or adhesion. Further, the pipe may be formed integrally with the third rigid plate c when manufactured.
  • the space 8 is defined by the third and fourth rigid plates c and d.
  • the polymer stream II is supplied throug a suitable route (not shown) to the space 8. Since the holes 9 of the fourth rigid plate d have larger diameters than the outer diameters of the pipes 7, there are provided the annular spaces between the pipes 7 and the holes 9.
  • the polymer streams II are controlled so well by the annular spaces that the polymer streams I can be encircled uniformly within streams II, as stated before.
  • the component X comprises a dividing device 11, the fundamental functions of which are:
  • the steps are repeated until a plurality of multiphase polymer streams finely mixed along the flowing direction thereof are formed.
  • the dividing device 11 may be a known stationary type such as "Static Mixer” of Kenicks Co. (U.S.A.), “Square Mixer” of Sakura Seisakusho (Japan), “Honeycomb Mixer” of Tatsumi Kogyo (Japan), “T.K-ROSS ISG Mixer” of Tokushu Kika Kogyo (Japan), or "High Mixer” of Toray Engineering (Japan) (all tradenames).
  • a multilayer collector is known from JP-A-55-154127. Using stationary type divided devices, the multilayer of the polymer streams I and II can be repeatedly divided parallel to the lengthwise direction so as to obtain a two dimensional microdispersion of the polymer in the form of a substantially infinite number of streaks.
  • the finely divided and mixed streams thus obtained are directly introduced into a second, lower component W.
  • the streams may be passed through a micro-porous layer such as a metal net, sand layer, sintered metal sheet, or honeycomb layer.
  • the number of units of the dividing device 11 is optional. However, one or two is too few to obtain extremely fine filaments because the number of the cores in the resultant multi-ingredient fiber becomes too small.
  • the spinneret assembly illustrated in Fig. 5 has eight dividing units. The dividing units may be arranged to form a single or a plurality of parallel polymer stream passages. It is not necessary that all the units be of the same type.
  • the polymer streams finely divided by the dividing device 11 pass directly to successive components W and Z which together provide a spinneret element (iii) defined above.
  • the polymer streams are introduced to a funnel-like portion 14 and then flow down through a pipe 16 to a converging portion 20.
  • the finely divided streams Prior to reaching the converging portion 20, the finely divided streams (which are to form a core) are encircled by a polymer stream III (to form a sheath) introduced from a space 17 to an annular space between the pipe 16 and a hole 18.
  • the polymer stream III uniformly flows down through the annular space around the pipe 16 and covers the stream of the core ingredient flowing down through the pipe 16 at a joining point 19 of the streams, thereby forming, at this region 19, a sheath-core type composite stream.
  • the funnel-like portion 14 and the pipe 16 constitute a channel (14, 114) for the composite core ingredient, while the space717 and the hole 18 constitute a channel for the sheath ingredient.
  • the funnel-like portion 14 is not always necessary when the inner diameter of the pipe 16 is equal to or somewhat larger than that of the outlet of the dividing device 11. Contrary to this, when the inner diameter of the pipe 16 is considerably larger than that of the outlet of the dividing device 11, the portion 14 is preferably of a trumpet shape.
  • the sheath-core type composite stream thus formed is converged while passing through the converging portion 20 and is discharged from a nozzle orifice 21 as a single filament.
  • the pipe 16 set in a rigid plate preferably has a stepped portion 15 so as not to fall out downward from its secured position.
  • the pipe 16 may be set in the rigid plate by means of various methods other than mere insertion as shown in Fig. 5, such as screw engagement, welding or adhesion. Further, the pipe may be formed integrally with the rigid plate when manufactured.
  • the two components W of the spinneret assembly in Fig. 5 are of a similar structure though the number of channels for the polymer stream are different.
  • the spinneret assembly of Fig. 5 can also be described as having components of the kind W-X-W-Z in that order. It is an example of a spinneret assembly having spinneret elements of the kind generally described above as (i)-(ii)-(iii) in that order.
  • Figure 6 illustrates a modification of the spinneret assembly of Fig. 5, in which lower component W corresponding to lower component W in Fig. 5 is adapted to have a plurality of channels for the polymer and by which the multi-ingredient composite fibers shown in Figs. 1 E and 11 can be obtained.
  • the polymer stream finely divided and mixed by the dividing device 11 is branched to a plurality of secondary streams in lower compartment W which is disposed beneath component W.
  • the secondary steams are joined with polymer streams III at a sheath-core type composite stream forming region 102 to form a sheath-core structure containing a plurality of cores.
  • the spinneret assembly shown in Fig. 7 can be represented as W-X-W-Z, which provide spinneret elements (i)-(ii)-(iii).
  • Figure 8 illustrates another modification in which the spinneret components are connected in the order of X, W, and Z.
  • Component X provides a spinneret element of the kind (ii), which components W and Z provide a spinneret element of the kind (iii), generally described above.
  • the modified spinneret assembly produces essentially the same kinds of multi-ingredient composite fibers as those obtained by the spinneret assembly in Fig. 6.
  • polymer. streams I and II which are fed through separate routes from each other, are joined together at an inlet 30 of the dividing device 11 before introduction into it. Of course, the joining point does not always have to be the inlet 30, but may be further upstream.
  • the structures subsequent to the dividing device 11 are substantially identical to those shown in Fig. 6.
  • the parts of the spinneret assembly according to the present invention are not limited to those shown above and may be varied.
  • the pipes 7 may be replaced by pipes 31 shown in Fig. 9, each of which has an aperture 32 in the peripheral wall thereof.
  • the polymer stream II is passed into a pipe 31 through an aperture 32 and conjugated with the polymer stream I while flowing down the pipe 31.
  • the lower part of the pipe 31 is closely fitted into a hole bored through the fourth rigid plate d and no annular space corresponding to that of Fig. 5 is formed.
  • the pipe 7 of Fig. 5 may be replaced by a pipe 33.
  • the pipe 33 is disposed in such a manner that a tip 34 of the pipe 33 is inserted in a hole 35 bored through the second rigid plate b and confronts the lower end of the hole 4 with a small clearance.
  • An annular space is formed between the hole 35 and the pipe 33.
  • a space 36 is defined by the second and third rigid plates b and c.
  • the polymer stream II fed through the space 36 flows up through the annular space between the hole 35 and the pipe 33 and joins with the polymer stream I flowing down through the hole 4 at the tip 34 of the pipe 33, whereby the polymer stream I is encircled with the polymer stream II while passing through the pipe 33.
  • the tip 34 of pipe 33 may have a plurality of dents 37 (see Fig. 11A) or apertures 38 (see Fig. 11B) utilized as an inlet opening for the polymer stream I.
  • each hole 9 preferably has a necked portion as shown in Figs. 12A, 12B; and 13A, 13b.
  • the hole 9 has the necked portion at the upper part thereof, the diameter of which is smallerthan that of the other part of the hole 9 but still somewhat larger than that of the pipe 7 and which has three grooves for facilitating the flowing down of the polymer stream.
  • the diameter of the necked portion of the hole 9 is equal to that of the pipe 7 and only the grooves allow the polymer stream to pass through.
  • the necked portion may be provided at any part of the hole 9. It is, however, preferably in the vicinity of the inlet as shown in the drawings.
  • the length of the pipe 7 may be selected optionally provided the annular space can be formed between the hole 9 and the pipe 7. However, if the pipe 7 is long enough to reach the funnel-like portion 10, it is difficult to remove the rigid plate comprising the funnel-like portion 10 for cleaning. Accordingly, the pipe is preferably accommodated within the hole 9.
  • upper component W in Fig. 5 can also be applied to any component W present in the spinneret assemblies shown in Figs. 6, 7 and 8, provided that the construction chosen is such as to provide at least one composite of components 1, 2 entirely surrounded by a sea component 3.
  • the upper component W shown in Figs. 5 and 6, but not the lower component W may be modified as shown in Figs. 14; 15A, 15B; 16A, 16B; 17A, 17B.
  • suffixes A and B designate a plan view and an elevational sectional view, respectively.
  • the polymer stream II is fed, not through the annular spaces but through holes provided apart from the holes for the polymer streams I. That is, in Fig. 14, the polymer stream II is introduced to the funnel-like portion 10 through holes 39 and joins with the polymer streams I flowing down through the pipes 7.
  • the conjugated streams are collected and introduced to the dividing device 11. As shown in Figs.
  • a plurality of slits 41 may be provided on a rigid plate for partitioning holes 40 for the polymer streams I.
  • the polymer streams I distributed by the holes 40 can thereby be interposed by layers of the polymer stream II flowing down from the slits 41.
  • a rigid plate may be alternately provided with holes 42 for the polymer streams I and holes 43 for the polymer stream II.
  • the polymer streams I may be fed through a plurality of holes 45 and directly penetrate into the polymer stream II existing in the funnel-like portion 10 to form a sheath-core configuration.
  • component W is to form a composite stream by encircling or conjugating one polymer stream with another polymer stream.
  • a two-phase composite stream in which one polymer stream is merely conjugated to another polymer stream is introduced in the dividing device 11.
  • the stream output from the dividing device 11 has a tendency to be a flow of mica-like configuration having a plurality of alternate layers of the polymer streams I and II therein. This tendency is not desirable if one wishes to have extremely fine filaments secondarily from the resultant fibers obtained by the spinneret assembly. In order to obtain such extremely fine filaments one polymer stream has to be dispersed uniformly to present a streak-like configuration in another polymer stream.
  • an auxiliary dividing means such as a metal net, sand layer, porous sheet of sintered metal, or porous layer of honeycomb structure is preferably utilized following the dividing device for improving the mica-like configuration of the resultant stream.
  • a metal net, sand layer, porous sheet of sintered metal, or porous layer of honeycomb structure is preferably utilized following the dividing device for improving the mica-like configuration of the resultant stream.
  • the extremely fine filament fibers of lesser thickness can be obtained from the resultant fibers.
  • the number of channels should be more than five, preferably more than 10.
  • the dividing and mixing degree of the composite stream at the outlet of the dividing device 11 is improved by increasing the number of channels in component W disposed above the component X or units of the dividing device 11. However, for enhancing a stable spinning operation, it is preferable to decrease the number of units of dividing device 11 in component X and to increase the channels in element W.
  • Figures 18, 19, 20, and 21 illustrate other spinneret assemblies according to the present invention, which have a combination of one dividing device to a plurality of nozzle orifices. Spinneret assemblies having two or more of the above combinations parallelly arranged are also included within the scope of the present invention.
  • the spinneret assembly shown in Fig. 21 is further provided with an auxiliary dividing means comprising a metal net 46 and a sand layer 47 between a dividing device 11 and a group of the nozzle orifices.
  • Reference numeral 48 designates a housing of a spinning pack.
  • the inventive spinneret assembly may have a plurality of pairs of one dividing device and one nozzle orifice parallelly arranged to each other.
  • the lower component W in Fig. 5 utilized for forming a sheath-core type composite stream may be replaced by those shown in Figs. 10, 22, 23, and 24.
  • the cross-sectional configurations of the holes, pipes, and funnel-like portions are preferably circular but can be selected to be a configuration other than a circle in accordance with the need. This also holds true for the diameters of the holes and the pipes.
  • the spinneret assembly according to the present invention consists of one or more rigid plates.
  • the number of the plates should be decided in view of easy manufacturing and cleaning.
  • the spinneret assemblies shown in the drawings are all assembled with a suitable number of rigid plates.
  • the overall configuration of the assembly may be for example, of a cylinder or a square-section - column.
  • rigid plates such as stainless steel (SUS-304, 316, or 630), iron, titanium, chrome steel, tungsten steel, molybdenum steel, glass, quartz, ceramic, gold, platinum, or specially provided plastic or any combination of the same.
  • stainless steel SUS-304, 316, or 630
  • iron titanium, chrome steel, tungsten steel, molybdenum steel, glass, quartz, ceramic, gold, platinum, or specially provided plastic or any combination of the same.
  • the spinneret assembly according to the present invention can be utilized for melt spinning (including spinning of extremely large thickness filament such as gut, in which the resultant filament is directly quenched by water just after spinning), dry spinning, or wet spinning. Further, all known polymers having fiber- forming ability can be processed by the spinneret assembly. Various additives may be added in the polymer if necessary.
  • the resultant fibers from the inventive spinneret assembly may be drawn several times in length if necessary for adjustment of strength or residual elongation, or subjected to false twisting or heat treatment so as to be converted to textured yarns if necessary. Thereafter, they may be processed to be woven or knitted fabrics or non-woven fabrics and subjected to many other known treatment such as resin treatment, dissolution of ingredients, coating, or dyeing.
  • the inventive spinneret assembly may be utilized not only for the fiber production described hereinbefore but also for production of other moldings.
  • film may be obtained by modification of the orifice configuration.

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Claims (23)

1. Eine Spinndüsenanordnung zum Spinnen von Mehrkomponenten-Verbundfasern, die mindestens zwei Arten (1, 2) von Polymerphasen umfassen, wobei diese Anordnung in Kombination enthält:
mindestens ein Spinndüsenelement (i), das bzw. von denen jedes mindestens eine Kombination aufweist, die mindestens ein Bauteil (W) enthält, wobei die oder jede Kombination (a) einen Bereich (100) zur Bildung einer zusammengesetzten Strömung, in dem eine zusammengesetzte Strömung gebildet wird, indem getrennt voneinandergeführte Polymerströme zusammengeführt werden, eine Vielzahl von ersten Kanälen (4, 5) zur Leitung von jeweils getrennten Strömen von mindestens einem ersten dieser Polymere (1) von einer Quelle desselben in den Bereich (100) zur Bildung einer zusammengesetzten Strömung und mindestens einen zweiten Kanal ( 8, 9) zur Leitung eines Stromes oder eines entsprechenden Stromes eines zweiten dieser Polymere (2) von einer Quelle desselben in den Bereich (100) zur Bildung einer zusammengesetzten Strömung, wobei die ersten Kanäle (4, 5) relativ zueinander und zu dem bzw. jedem bzw. jedem zweiten Kanal (8, 9) derart angeordnet sind, daß im Bereich des Bereiches (100) zur Bildung einer zusammengesetzten Strömung die jeweiligen Ströme aus der Vielzahl der ersten Kanäle (4, 5) in der zusammengesetzten Strömung im Abstand voneinander geführt werden, sowie (b) einen konvergierenden Abschnitt enthält, in dem die zusammengesetzte Strömung konvergiert wird;
mindestens ein Spinndüsenelement (ii), das bzw. von denen jedes mindestens ein Bauteil (X) umfaßt, das ein stationäres Trennelement (11) bildet, welches eine Funktion hat, eine aus mehreren Phasen bestehende zusammengesetzte Strömung zu bilden, die in ihrer Längsrichtung fein aufgeteilt ist, indem in aufeinanderfolgenden Schritten eine zusammengesetzte Strömung in voneinander getrennte Unterstömungen aufgeteilt wird, die wieder zusammengefaßt werden; und
mindestens ein Spinndüsenelement (iii), das bzw. von denen jedes mindestens ein Bauteil (W) das mindestens einen Bereich (19 oder 102) zur Bildung einer zusammengesetzten Hülle-Kern-Typ-Strömung darstellt, in dem eine zusammengesetzte Hülle-Kern-Typ-Strömung gebildet wird, und mindestens eine Bauteil (Z) umfaßt, das mindestens einen konvergierenden Abschnitt (21 oder 28, 29) bildet, in dem mindestens eine dieser zusammengesetzten Hülle-Kern-Typ-Strömungen konvergiert wird, wobei die Spinndüsenanordnung in Strömungsrichtung der Polymere mindestens eines dieser Spinndüsenelemente (ii) hinter dem Spinndüsenelement (i) aufweist, während das oder jedes der Spinndüsenelemente (iii) an der letzten Position der Spinndüsenanordnung angeordnet ist, so daß ein Auslaß des oder jedes der konvergierenden Abschnitte (21 oder 28, 29) eine Düsenöffnung (21 oder 29) bildet.
2. Eine Spinndüsenanordnung nach Anspruch 1, bei der in Strömungsrichtung der Polymere die Spinndüsenelemente aufeinanderfolgend in der Reihenfolge (i)-(ii)-(iii) liegen.
3. Eine Spinndüsenanordnung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, bei der das erste Spinndüsenelement (i) eine der Kombinationen (W) umfaßt.
4. Eine Spinndüsenanordnung nach Anspruch 1, Anspruch 2 oder Anspruch 3, die nur eines der Spinndüsenelemente (iii) aufweist.
5. Eine Spinndüsenanordnung nach Anspruch 1, die zur noch feineren Aufteilung der zusammengesetzten Strömung eine Zusatztrenneinrichtung aufweist, die zwischen den Spindüsenelementen (i) und (ii) angeordnet ist.
6. Eine Spinndüsenanordung nach Anspruch 5, bei der diese Zusatztrenneinrichtung eine Sandschicht umfaßt.
7. Eine Spinndüsenanordnung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei welcher in der oder jeder Kombination (W) des oder jedes Spinndüsenelementes (i) die ersten Kanäle (4, 5) relativ zueinander und zu dem oder jedem zweiten Kanal (8, 9) so angeordnet sind, daß sie in der Lage sind, die jeweiligen Polymerströme (1, II) so zu leiten, daß in dem Bereich (100) zur Bildung der zusammengesetzten Strömung mindestens eine zusammengesetzte Strömung vom Insel-im-See-Typ gebildet wird, bei der die Ströme des ersten Polymeren (1) oder der Polymere die Inseln und der Strom oder die Ströme des zweiten Polymers (2) den See darstellen.
. 8. Ein Spinndüsenanordnung nach Anspruch 7, bei der die ersten Kanäle (4, 5) jeweils innerhalb eines jeweiligen zweiten Kanales (9) angeordnet sind, wobei ein gemeinsamer Kanal in dem Bereich (100) zur bildung der zusammengesetzten Strömung gebildet ist, wodurch in diesem gemeinsamen Kanal jeder darin durch einen ersten Kanal (4, 5) eingeleitete erste Polymerstrom (1) vollständig von einem zweiten Polymerstrom (2) umgeben ist, der in diesem gemeinsamen Kanal durch einen zweiten Kanal (8, 9) eingeleitet wird.
9. Eine Spinndüsenanordnung nach Anspruch 8, bei der Teile (5) der jeweiligen ersten Kanäle (4, 5) der Vielzahl von Kanälen in dem oder einem Spinndüsenelement (i) Rohre (7) sind, die in entsprechende Öffnungen eingesetzt sind, wobei eine Innenfläche jeder dieser Öffnungen im Zusammenwirken mit einer Außenfläche des entsprechenden Rohres (7) einen Ringraum bildet, der einen Teil (5) des zweiten Kanales (8, 9) zur Führung des Strömung des zweiten Polymeren (2) bildet, wobei dieser Ringraum einen eingeschnürten Abschnitt hat.
10. Ein Spinndüsenanordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, bei der Teile (5) der jeweiligen ersten Kanäle (4, 5) der Vielzahl dieser Kanäle in dem Spinndüsenelement (i) durch entsprechende Rohre (33) gebildet sind, die mit mehreren Zahneinschnitten (27) oder Öffnungen (38) versehen sind, welche es dem zweiten Polymer (2) der entsprechenden Stömung erlauben, in diese Rohre (33) einzufließen.
11. Eine Spinndüsenanordnung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei der das Spinndüsenelement (iii) eine Vielzahl von konvergierenden Abschnitten (21 oder 28, 29) hat, von denen jeder eine entsprechende Düsenöffnung zur Bildung einer Vielzahl von Mehrkomponenten-Verbundfasern bildet.
12. Eine Spinndüsenanordnung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei der das Spinndüsenelement (iii) weiterhin mindestens einen ersten Kanal (14, 114 oder 22, 23) zur Leitung eines oder eines entsprechenden Stromes eines kernbildenden Polymers (1, 2), welches durch die zusammengesetzte Mehrphasenströmung gebildet ist zu dem Abschnitt (19) oder 102) für die Bildung einer zusammengesetzten Hülle-Kern-Typ-Strömung und mindestens einen zweiten Kanal (17, 18 oder 26, 27) zur Leitung eines weiteren oder eines jeweils weiteren Stromes (111) eines hüllenbildenden Polymers (3) von einer Quelle desselben für zu dem Bereich (19 oder 20) zur Bildung einer zusammengesetzten Hülle-Kern-Typ-Strömung umfaßt, wobei dieser mindestens eine erste Kanal (14, 114 oder 22, 23) so angeordnet ist, um den oder jeden Strom des kernbildenden Polymers (1, 2) in den oder einen zweiten Kanal (17, 18 oder 26, 27) zu leiten, derart, daß in dem Bereich (19 oder 102) zur Bildung der zusammengesetzten Hülle-Kern-Typ-Strömung mindestens eine zusammengesetzte Hülle-Kern-Typ-Strömung gebildet wird.
13. Eine Spinndüsenanordnung nach Anspruch 12, bei der das Spinndüsenelement (iii) eine Vielzahl dieser ersten Kanäle (22, 23) aufweist, wodurch in dem Bereich (102) zur Bildung einer - zusammengesetzten Hülle-Kern-Typ-Strömung mindestens eine zusammengesetzte Strömung vom Insel-im-See-Typ gebildet wird.
14. Eine Spinndüsenanordnung zum Spinnen von Mehrkomponenten-Verbundfasern, die mindestens zwei Arten (1, 2) VON Polymerphasen umfassen, wobei diese Anordnung in Kombination enthält:
mindestens ein Spinndüsenelement (ii), das bzw. von denen jedes mindestens eine Bauteil.(X) umfaßt, das ein stationäres Trennelement (11) bildet, welches die Funktion hat, eine aus mehreren Phasen bestehende zusammengesetzte Strömung zu bilden, die in ihrer Längsrichtung fein aufgeteilt ist, indem in aufeinanderfolgenden Schritten eine zusammengesetzte Strömung mit voneinander getrennten Unterströmungen aufgeteilt wird, die anschließend wieder zusammengefaßt werden; und
mindestens ein Spinndüsenelement (iii), das bzw. von denen jedes mindestens eine Kombination (W, Z) umfaßt, die oder von denen mindestens eine in Strömungsrichtung der zusammengesetzten Mehrphasenströmung hinter dem Spinndüsenelement (ii) liegt, wobei die oder jede Kombination (W, Z) (a) einen durch mindestens ein Bauteil (W) gebildeten Bereich (102) zur Bildung einer zusammengesetzten Hüll-Kern-Typ-Strömung, in dem eine zusammengesetzte Strömung durch Zusammenführen von voneinander getrennt geführten Polymerströmen gebildet wird, eine Vielzahl von ersten Kanälen (22, 23) zur Leitung von jeweils getrennten Strömen des ersten Polymers (1, 2), das durch die zusammengesetzte Mehrphasenströmung gebildet ist, zu dem Bereich (102) zur Bildung der zusammengesetzten Hülle-Kern-Typ-Strömung, und mindestens eine zweiten Kanal (26, 27) zur Leitung eines Stromes (111) oder eines entsprechenden Stromes eines zweiten Polymers (3) von einer Quelle desselben zu dem Bereich (102) zur Bildung der zusammengesetzten Hülle-Kern-Typ-Strömung, wobei die ersten Kanäle (22, 23) relativ zueinander und zu dem oder jedem zweiten Kanal (26, 27) derart angeordnet sind, daß in dem Bereich (102) zur Bildung der zusammengesetzten Hülle-Kern-Typ-Strömung mindestens eine zusammengesetzte Strömung vom Insel-im-See-Typ gebildet wird, bei der das erste Polymer (1, 2) die Inseln und das zweite Polymer (3) den See bildet, und (b) mindestens einen konvergierenden Abschnitt (28, 29) enthält, der durch mindestens ein Bauteil (Z) dargestellt ist, in dem die oder jeweils eine zusammengesetzte Strömung vom Insel-im-See-Typ konvergiert wird, wobei das oder ein Spinndüsenelement (iii) an der hintersten Stelle der Spinndüsenanordnung angeordnet ist, so daß ein Auslaß des konvergierenden Abschnittes eine Düsenöffnung (29) bildet.
15. Eine Spinndüsenanordnung nach Anspruch 14, bei der die Spinndüsenelemente in Strö- _ mungsrichtung der Polymere aufeinanderfolgend in der Reihenfolge (ii)-(iii) liegen.
16. Eine Spinndüsenanordnung nach Anspruch 14 oder 15, bei der das Spinndüsenelement (iii) einer der Kombinationen (W) umfaßt.
17. Eine Spinndüsenanordnung nach Anspruch 14, Anspruch 15 oder Anspruch 16 mit nur einem Spinndüsenelement (iii).
18. Eine Spinndüsenanordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 14 bis 17, die zur feineren Aufteilung der zusammengesetzten Strömung zwischen den Spinndüsenelementen (ii) und (iii) eine zusätzliche Trenneinrichtung (46, 47) aufweist.
19. Eine Spinndüsenanordnung nach Anspruch 18, bei der die zusätzliche Trenneinrichtung eine Sandschicht (47) umfaßt.
20. Eine Spinndüsenanordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 14 bis 19, bei der in dem oder jedem Spinndüsenelement (iii) die ersten Kanäle (22, 23) innerhalb eines entsprechenden zweiten Kanales (26, 27) angeordnet sind, wobei ein gemeinsamer Kanal in dem Bereich (102) zur Bildung der zusammengesetzten Strömung liegt, wodurch in dem gemeinsamen Kanal jeder durch einen ersten Kanal (22, 23) zugeführte Polymerstrom vollständig von einem zweiten Polymerstrom umgeben wird, der durch einen zweiten Kanal (26, 27) zugeführt wird.
21. Eine Spinndüsenanordnung nach Anspruch 20, bei der Teile (23) der jeweiligen ersten Kanäle (22, 23) der Vielzahl von Kanälen in dem oder jedem Spinnelement (iii) Rohre (25) sind, die in entsprechende Öffnungen eingesetzt sind, wobei eine Innenfläche jeder Öffnung in Zusammenwirking mit einer Außenfläche eines entsprechenden Rohres einen Ringraum begrenzt, der einen Teil (27) des zweiten Kanales (26, 27) zur Leitung des Stromes des zweiten Polymers (3) bildet, wobei dieser Ringraum einen eingeschnürten Abschnitt aufweist.
22. Eine Spinndüsenanordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 14 bis 21, bei der das letzte Spinndüsenelement (iii) eine Vielzahl von konvergierenden Abschnitten (28, 29) aufweist, von denen jeder eine entsprechende Düsenöffnung (29) für die Bildung einer Vielzahl von Mehrphasen-Verbundfasern bildet.
23. Eine Spinndüsenanordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 14 bis 22, die vor dem Spinndüsenelement (ii) mindestens zwei Leitungen zum Zuführen von Strömen (I, 11) von entsprechenden Polymeren von Polymerquellen zu einem gemeinsamen Kanal (30) aufweist, der zu dem Spinndüsenelement (ii) führt.
EP19830305519 1982-09-20 1983-09-20 Spinnvorrichtung für zusammengestellte Fasern mit mehreren Komponenten Expired EP0104081B1 (de)

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JP16224182A JPS6052202B2 (ja) 1982-09-20 1982-09-20 多成分系繊維用紡糸装置
JP162241/82 1982-09-20

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EP0104081A3 EP0104081A3 (en) 1985-09-18
EP0104081B1 true EP0104081B1 (de) 1989-01-25

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JPS6375107A (ja) * 1986-09-19 1988-04-05 Toray Ind Inc 多成分繊維紡糸用口金装置
US5162074A (en) * 1987-10-02 1992-11-10 Basf Corporation Method of making plural component fibers
WO1989002938A1 (en) * 1987-10-02 1989-04-06 Hills Research & Development, Inc. Profiled multi-component fibers and method and apparatus for making same
JPH01104828A (ja) * 1987-10-13 1989-04-21 Toray Ind Inc アクリル系異形断面繊維
JPH01104826A (ja) * 1987-10-13 1989-04-21 Toray Ind Inc 新規な捲縮特性を有するアクリル系複合繊維
JPH01104825A (ja) * 1987-10-13 1989-04-21 Toray Ind Inc 捲縮特性の優れたアクリル系複合繊維の製造法
JPH0672326B2 (ja) * 1988-03-04 1994-09-14 東レ株式会社 優れた捲縮発現性を有するアクリル系複合繊維の製造法
US5059482A (en) * 1988-09-13 1991-10-22 Kuraray Company, Ltd. Composite fiber and process for producing the same
GB9927950D0 (en) 1999-11-27 2000-01-26 Knight David P Apparatus and method for forming materials
JP6090159B2 (ja) * 2012-02-27 2017-03-08 東レ株式会社 海島繊維、混繊糸および繊維製品
EP2921576B1 (de) * 2012-11-19 2019-06-05 Toray Industries, Inc. Konjugatfaser und verfahren zur herstellung von ultrafeinen fasern
CN114293270B (zh) * 2022-01-20 2023-04-11 苏州大学 用于海岛纤维的湿法纺丝设备及制备工艺
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JPS6052202B2 (ja) 1985-11-18
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DE3379060D1 (en) 1989-03-02
EP0104081A3 (en) 1985-09-18

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