EP0090419A1 - Elément combustible pour foyers ouverts - Google Patents

Elément combustible pour foyers ouverts Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0090419A1
EP0090419A1 EP83103143A EP83103143A EP0090419A1 EP 0090419 A1 EP0090419 A1 EP 0090419A1 EP 83103143 A EP83103143 A EP 83103143A EP 83103143 A EP83103143 A EP 83103143A EP 0090419 A1 EP0090419 A1 EP 0090419A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel
housing
fuel element
wick
element according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP83103143A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Hans-Ludwig Schirneker
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SCHIRNECKER HANS LUDWIG
Original Assignee
SCHIRNECKER HANS LUDWIG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SCHIRNECKER HANS LUDWIG filed Critical SCHIRNECKER HANS LUDWIG
Publication of EP0090419A1 publication Critical patent/EP0090419A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24C—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F24C5/00—Stoves or ranges for liquid fuels
    • F24C5/02—Stoves or ranges for liquid fuels with evaporation burners, e.g. dish type
    • F24C5/04—Stoves or ranges for liquid fuels with evaporation burners, e.g. dish type wick type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D3/00—Burners using capillary action
    • F23D3/02—Wick burners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24B—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES FOR SOLID FUELS; IMPLEMENTS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES OR RANGES
    • F24B1/00—Stoves or ranges
    • F24B1/18—Stoves with open fires, e.g. fireplaces
    • F24B1/1802—Stoves with open fires, e.g. fireplaces adapted for the use of both solid fuel and another type of fuel or energy supply 
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24C—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F24C3/00—Stoves or ranges for gaseous fuels
    • F24C3/002—Stoves
    • F24C3/006—Stoves simulating flames

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a novel fuel assembly for open fireplaces such as fireplaces.
  • the invention further relates to a new type of fireplace which is suitable for such fuel elements.
  • Open fireplaces such as fireplaces are generally heated with wood.
  • the heat generated during the burning of the wood requires chimneys with a relatively thick or heat-stable wall and in any case a connection to a chimney.
  • Safety regulations must also be observed.
  • the invention has for its object to remedy this situation and to propose a fuel assembly for open fireplaces such as fireplaces, which burns with an open flame, but does not develop logs that burn off the peak temperatures, so that lighter and simpler fireplaces can also be installed in smaller rooms , which may not even require a connection to a chimney.
  • a fuel element in the form of a firing log which has a shell-like elongated housing for receiving a refillable fuel supply, such as granular paraffin, wherein at least one flat fuel body, such as a flat wick, is arranged on the top of this housing, with its lower wick The end lies in the housing and is immersed in the fuel supply located there, while the upper end or the upper edge of the flash wick protrudes from the housing by a distance sufficient for an open flame to burn, that is, according to the invention, a kind of fuel element is proposed as the fuel element , which has at least one wick, which is soaked with a fuel, which is located in an indestructible housing. Solid fuels such as paraffin or also come as fuels liquid fuels like oil in question.
  • the housing can take the form of a split log and be provided with a surface imitating a wooden bark. For example, it is made of metal and is therefore indestructible.
  • a chimney is proposed according to the invention, which consists of simple sheet metal parts and does not even have to contain a flue gas outlet, because when using the fuel elements or logs according to the invention, no great heat is generated and no smoke is produced.
  • the fuel assembly according to the invention is designed in the manner of a continuous light with one or more wicks.
  • the wicks and in particular their material and their thickness are selected so that when considering the thermal conductivity of the material used, a sufficient gasification temperature for the fuel is always maintained at the burning edge of the wick. If the fuel is paraffin or the like, the wicks must also conduct sufficient heat into the housing of the fuel assembly to melt the paraffin in the area of the immersed wicks so that sufficient molten paraffin is always sucked in by the wicks.
  • the thermal conductivity can be achieved, for example, by sheet metal embedded in the wick, the sheet metal also being able to contain openings in order to control the thermal conductivity.
  • the fuel element which is designed in the form of an imitated log, is chewed in such a way that sufficient air circulation is guaranteed.
  • the fresh air supply is preferably carried out from the ends of the fuel element on its surface, at its height. the top edge of the wicks lies. This results in a certain stabilization of the flames.
  • the fuel elements are expediently arranged in a row next to one another on the burning point in order to give the impression of a log fire burning several logs.
  • the individual fuel elements are arranged at a sufficient distance from one another so that each fuel element can be swept by air on all sides from below. As a result, relatively calm flames are achieved.
  • the focal height of the individual flames can be adjusted, for example by means of an adjusting screw which pushes the wick in question more or less far out of the cover of the fuel assembly.
  • the wicks can be supported on a beam, the height of which. after heating the fuel element and in particular the fuel supply is reduced, which can be erected with a bimetal spring.
  • a fuel element can also have wicks in several rows next to each other, between which air vents remain.
  • the fuel supply can be accommodated in a common container in this case.
  • the fuel element according to the invention in particular if it has wicks in several rows lying side by side, can also be used as a stove in a fireplace or as a camping stove, because the flame temperature is completely sufficient for cooking purposes.
  • the arrangement of the wicks can be made in this case so that it corresponds to the circular base of a pot.
  • the upper part of the fireplace can have a connection to the outside or to a chimney, but this is not necessary.
  • an absorber in the upper part of the fireplace which contains activated carbon and / or diatomaceous earth or also has sheets coated with activated carbon.
  • Such a filter can clean the air rising from the fuel assemblies according to the invention sufficiently so that air circulation within a closed space is possible without connection to the outside or to a chimney.
  • the absorber can also contain press elements or granules consisting of soda lime, which absorb carbon dioxide or ensure a conversion of the CO 2 .
  • These absorbers should have as large a surface as possible and therefore have a spherical shape, for example.
  • the chimney can be designed so that the room air for heating passes through a double rear wall of the chimney and does not come into contact with the exhaust gases of the fuel elements can. If the chimney has no connection to the outside or into a chimney, a heat utilization of practically 100% can be achieved.
  • a rack for a grill roaster or a pot can be placed in the fireplace.
  • the individual fuel elements are each provided with a pin on the underside that can be inserted into a base, two parallel pieces, for example, form a grate on which several individual fuel elements are fastened, which can be individually adjusted to a limited extent so that they are not absolutely parallel lie to each other, but stand somewhat obliquely and thereby give the impression of randomly placed logs.
  • the fuel assembly 1 shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 has a housing 2 made of metal, preferably approximately semicircular in cross section, and a removable cover 3, which can be placed thereon and contains a longitudinal slot 4, through which three flat wicks 5 extend protrude from the inside of the housing 2 onto the top of the cover 3.
  • the upper edge 5a serving as the burning edge can protrude to different extents from the slot 4 in order to regulate the height of the flames 6.
  • a suitable embodiment for this is described in connection with FIG. 4.
  • the housing 2 there is a fuel supply 7, into which the wicks 5 protrude.
  • the fuel supply 7 can be refilled after removing the cover 3.
  • granular paraffin is filled in as a fuel supply.
  • Both the housing 2 and the cover 3 can be formed from sheet metal.
  • the wicks 5 lie with their lower end on a beam 12 which is mounted in the lower region of the housing 2 with limited height adjustment.
  • the beam 12 is supported with its two ends on a bimetal spring 13, which normally presses the relevant end of the beam upwards against a tongue 14 projecting into the interior of the housing 2.
  • the bimetallic spring 13 deforms such that it no longer presses the bar 12 against the tongue 14 and thus the bar 12 within the housing 2 sinks down. Accordingly, the upper burning edge 5a of each wick 5 is automatically lowered when a certain temperature is reached, so that the flame 6 burns more stably and cannot flicker.
  • Each wick 9 essentially consists, as is shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, of a metal plate 15 and preferably a tube 16 made of glass wool fabric or other inorganic material which is pulled over it and does not burn.
  • the thickness of the sheet 15 is based on the thermal conductivity of its material, so that on the one hand, a sufficient gasification temperature is always obtained at the burning edge 5a of the wicks 5 and, on the other hand, the wick also dissipates enough heat inwards to quickly melt the fuel supply 7.
  • Sheet 15 may also include openings to control thermal conductivity. If the sheet 15 is made of iron, it has a thickness of, for example, 0.1 to 0.2 mm.
  • While the fuel assembly 1 shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 has wicks 5 in a single row, the wicks 5 in the embodiment according to FIGS. 8 and 9 are arranged in a plurality of parallel rows, namely in a total of five rows.
  • This fuel assembly 21 has a container 22 for receiving a fuel supply, which is equipped with a hinged lid 23, so at any time In this embodiment, the flames 6 do not need to be extinguished in order to fill up with arsenic.
  • Five channels 24 are attached to one string of the container 22, each of which contains a longitudinal slot 25 on its top, through which one or more wicks 5 can protrude more or less.
  • the wicks can be stored in a manner similar to that described in connection with FIG. 4.
  • the channels 24 are filled with a fuel supply 7, which is always filled up by the fuel supply filled into the container 22.
  • the ends of the channels 24 opposite the container 22 are connected to one another in the exemplary embodiment shown via a transverse channel 28 in order to improve a balance of the liquid fuel such as liquid paraffins in the individual channels 24.
  • wicks 5 are arranged offset from one another such that they lie approximately on a circular area, the size of which corresponds to the base of a saucepan.
  • the fuel element 21 can therefore also be used for cooking, roasting and the like, for example.
  • a chimney 31 is shown, which can be used in connection with the fuel elements described above and does not require a connection to a chimney. Nevertheless, the chimney is of lightweight construction because the fuel elements 1 and 21 do not develop excessive heat.
  • the chimney 31 has a box-like focal point 32, on the bottom 33 of which there is a remnant formed from wood pieces 34 or similar objects arranged in parallel, which serves to support a number of fuel elements 1.
  • each of these fuel assemblies 1 has a vertical pin 35 at one end, which is inserted into one of the pieces of wood 34.
  • the fuel element 1 can be pivoted about this pin 35, so that a sufficient distance between adjacent fuel elements 1 is ensured, but they do not have to run absolutely parallel to one another.
  • a mobile box 36 is provided under the floor 33 of the burning point 32, which serves, for example, to hold fuel.
  • the rear wall 37 of the fireplace 31 is double-walled, as shown in FIG. 11, so that it forms an air shaft 38 through which room air can flow from bottom to top in accordance with the arrows 39, in order to be heated up.
  • a thin-walled hood 40 is attached above the focal point 32, in which sheets coated with activated carbon, one above the other and offset from one another, are attached in several rows.
  • the upper end 43 of the hood 40 is at least partially open, so that the bottom 42 corresponds to the arrows 42 rising air from the hood 40 can escape after it is swept over the sheets 41 forming an absorber.
  • FIGS. 12 to 14 schematically show a further exemplary embodiment of the fuel element according to the invention in a cross section, a longitudinal section and a top view.
  • the fuel assembly 51 has a box-shaped, elongated housing 52 which is rectangular in cross-section and which is cast in one piece with metal ribs 53, which form a grate, for example aluminum.
  • a plurality of housings 52 are preferably arranged next to one another and possibly also offset from one another on the grate formed by the ribs 53 and can accordingly be inserted as a unit in a chimney or removed therefrom as a unit will. Accordingly, fuel such as paraffin 54 can be conveniently refilled into the box-shaped housing 52.
  • Each housing 52 is provided with a removable cover 55, which is formed, for example, from sheet metal and rests with its ends 56 under resilient prestress against the end walls 57 of the box-shaped housing 52 in question. As a result, the cover 55 is held in the desired position.
  • the cover 55 lies with its side walls 58 against upstanding webs 59 of the ribs 53 so that there are openings 60 between the side walls of each housing 52 and the cover 55 through which fresh air can flow in, as shown by dashed arrows 61 is indicated.
  • the cover 55 contains in its upper side a longitudinally extending slot 62 through which the flat wicks 63 protrude from the housing 52.
  • a raised web 64 as a centering lug, against the two sides of which the longitudinal edges of the slot 62 of the cover 55 lie when it is attached to the housing 52 in question in its operating position.
  • each housing 52 On the inside of the end walls 57 of each housing 52 there is in each case a raised shoulder 65.
  • the two shoulders 65 serve as supports for a holder 66 of the flat wick 63.
  • the flat wick 63 in this embodiment of the fuel element are therefore at a certain distance 67 above the floor the housing 52 held so that the heat generated by the flames 68 can not get directly into the floor and thus the wall of the housing 52, but only directly into that Paraffin 54.
  • 15 and 16 is a side view and a top view of one of the flat wicks 63 depicting the flat wick or knitted fabrics with a metal plate arranged therein and not shown in the drawing.
  • a sheath 70 made of metal which, as shown in particular in FIG. 16, consists of two corrugated sheets which accordingly have vertically extending ribs 71 which are only in line contact with the core 69 so that the heat dissipation of the burning wick is not too strong.
  • the two corrugated sheets of the sheath 70 are connected to one another at the ends by clips 72 made of aluminum sheet and fastened to the core 69.
  • a circular hole 73 is provided on each side thereof, which is important for the first burning time of the wick 63, so that enough liquid paraffin to the core in the first ten to fifteen minutes of the burning time 69 of the wick so that it burns properly.
  • the core 69 of the flat wick 63 protrudes above and below a certain distance from the casing 70, this distance corresponding to the focal height of the wick.
  • the heat emanating from the flame 68 is rapidly dissipated downward via the metal sheath 70 and liquefies the paraffin 54 around the flat wick 63 in question, so that it rises at the core 69 and can supply the flame 68 with sufficient fuel.
  • the ribs 53 of the grate also serve for cooling purposes, the radiation surface of the rib system should therefore be in the correct ratio to the number of flames 68 the flames are not too hot and therefore not too high.
  • the grate with the housings 52 located thereon is pulled out of the chimney and can then be pushed back into the combustion chamber of the chimney.
  • FIG. 17 shows a chimney 74 without chimney, in the combustion chamber 75 of which a grate 76 comprising the fuel elements 51 and the ribs 53 connecting them is arranged.
  • This chimney has a cylindrical housing 77 with a cover-like attachment 78, in which a filter made of porous rock 79 is arranged, which can be seen in the drawing through side openings 80.
  • the foot 81 is provided with a drawer 82 in which paraffin can be stored for refilling.
  • the combustion chamber 75 is shown open toward the front. But you can also provide the opening with a door, not shown, for example made of transparent material.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)
  • Wick-Type Burners And Burners With Porous Materials (AREA)
EP83103143A 1982-03-31 1983-03-30 Elément combustible pour foyers ouverts Withdrawn EP0090419A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19823211834 DE3211834A1 (de) 1982-03-31 1982-03-31 Brennelement fuer offene brennstellen und dafuer geeigneter kamin
DE3211834 1982-03-31

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0090419A1 true EP0090419A1 (fr) 1983-10-05

Family

ID=6159785

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83103143A Withdrawn EP0090419A1 (fr) 1982-03-31 1983-03-30 Elément combustible pour foyers ouverts

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US4557687A (fr)
EP (1) EP0090419A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3211834A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

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US5769623A (en) * 1993-05-20 1998-06-23 Don Heating Products Limited Oil fired burner
EP1959198A1 (fr) * 2007-02-13 2008-08-20 Schumann-Design Kaminbau Foyer pour combustible sans suie, dépourvu de dispositif de tirage et générant une flamme unitaire en forme de mur
CN102434879A (zh) * 2011-12-08 2012-05-02 黄成源 壁炉燃烧装置

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US8573967B2 (en) 2010-10-01 2013-11-05 S.C. Johnson & Son, Inc. Candle assembly and fuel element therefor
US8915732B1 (en) * 2010-10-24 2014-12-23 Bebon Technologies, LLC Ventless fireplace
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TW201510442A (zh) * 2013-09-05 2015-03-16 Pro Iroda Ind Inc 燃燒裝置之燭芯
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US9816053B2 (en) 2015-03-26 2017-11-14 Melynda S DelCotto Candle having a wooden wick with figured grain
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DE336883C (de) * 1919-11-27 1921-05-19 Bernard Andre Francois Paguame Kocher fuer Petroleum- und andere Brenner
US2703566A (en) * 1950-05-19 1955-03-08 Fogel Lloyd Chimneyless fireplace unit
FR2252120A1 (fr) * 1973-11-26 1975-06-20 Inst Francais Du Petrole
DE2817772A1 (de) * 1978-04-22 1979-10-31 Sueddeutsche Metallwerke Gmbh Filter fuer luftaufbereitungsgeraete

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5769623A (en) * 1993-05-20 1998-06-23 Don Heating Products Limited Oil fired burner
EP1959198A1 (fr) * 2007-02-13 2008-08-20 Schumann-Design Kaminbau Foyer pour combustible sans suie, dépourvu de dispositif de tirage et générant une flamme unitaire en forme de mur
WO2008098571A1 (fr) * 2007-02-13 2008-08-21 Kaminfabrik Schumann Und Hausmann Gbr Cheminée dépourvue d'une évacuation de fumée, conçue pour permettre la combustion d'un agent inflammable sans production de suie et générer des murs de feu monoblocs
CN102434879A (zh) * 2011-12-08 2012-05-02 黄成源 壁炉燃烧装置

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