EP0066875B1 - Dispositif pour la formation d'un mélange inflammable de combustible liquide et de l'air de combustion - Google Patents

Dispositif pour la formation d'un mélange inflammable de combustible liquide et de l'air de combustion Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0066875B1
EP0066875B1 EP82104974A EP82104974A EP0066875B1 EP 0066875 B1 EP0066875 B1 EP 0066875B1 EP 82104974 A EP82104974 A EP 82104974A EP 82104974 A EP82104974 A EP 82104974A EP 0066875 B1 EP0066875 B1 EP 0066875B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel
combustion air
flow chamber
flow
regulating element
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP82104974A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0066875A3 (en
EP0066875A2 (fr
Inventor
Siegfried Dr. Förster
Hubert Jaegers
Hans Kämmerling
Peter Dr. Quell
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Forschungszentrum Juelich GmbH
Original Assignee
Forschungszentrum Juelich GmbH
Kernforschungsanlage Juelich GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Forschungszentrum Juelich GmbH, Kernforschungsanlage Juelich GmbH filed Critical Forschungszentrum Juelich GmbH
Priority to AT82104974T priority Critical patent/ATE30463T1/de
Publication of EP0066875A2 publication Critical patent/EP0066875A2/fr
Publication of EP0066875A3 publication Critical patent/EP0066875A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0066875B1 publication Critical patent/EP0066875B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K5/00—Feeding or distributing other fuel to combustion apparatus
    • F23K5/02—Liquid fuel
    • F23K5/14—Details thereof
    • F23K5/22—Vaporising devices

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for generating a fuel-air mixture by evaporating fuel in preheated combustion air within a flow space, which has a surface wettable by the fuel.
  • the features of the device from which the invention is based are mentioned in the preamble of claim 1.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a device for producing an ignitable fuel-air mixture in which the required fuel-air mixture can be set in a simple manner for different operating conditions and in which care is also taken that both during the starting process than when the device is switched off, fuel cannot undesirably get into the fume cupboard for the fuel-air mixture.
  • the composition of the ignitable fuel-air mixture is regulated in a known manner via a bypass which connects the combustion air supply before the combustion occurs through the flow space with the mixture discharge for the fuel-air mixture, the combustion air quantity flowing through the bypass into the mixture discharge is adjustable with the help of an actuator which encloses the fume cupboard and limits the flow space with its outer surface.
  • the fuel-air mixture emerging from the flow space and the proportion of the combustion air supplied to the fuel-air mixture via the bypass determine the composition of the ignitable mixture supplied to the burner.
  • the actuator closes the flow chamber both for supplying combustion air and for extracting the mixture.
  • the fuel supply can thus be adjusted to the actual demand even when the burner starts and when it is switched off, and regulated independently of the position of the actuator. Neither fuel vapor gets into the combustion air flowing through the bypass, neither at start-up nor when it is switched off. So that excess fuel can flow off, the flow space at the foot of the surface wettable by the fuel also has an outlet for the fuel. Excess fuel can therefore be metered continuously even during the burner's operating phase, so that a sufficient amount of fuel is always available for evaporation.
  • a gap with a gap width that corresponds at least to the film thickness of the fuel film at the foot of the wettable surface serves as the drain. The excess fuel can flow freely through this gap.
  • the actuator is preferably in operative connection with a temperature sensor which is arranged in the combustion air supply, claim 3.
  • the proportion of the quantity of combustion air entering the flow space is controlled as a function of the temperature of the preheated combustion air.
  • the actuator In order to adjust the two branch flows of the combustion air, one of which is guided through the flow space, the other through the bypass, the actuator has actuator elements which can be displaced relative to one another and which are expediently tubular.
  • the actuator elements are arranged coaxially to one another, at least one of the actuator elements being adjustably mounted and at the same time changing the flow cross section of the bypass and the flow cross section of the combustion air supply and / or a flow cross section in the mixture discharge for the fuel-air mixture.
  • the actuator For the extreme positions of the actuator, namely on the one hand the "off" position, in which the bypass is fully open and the flow chamber is closed, and on the other hand the maximum operating position, in which the bypass is closed and the entire combustion air is used to hold fuel Locks provided for the actuator.
  • Such a lock is particularly important for the "off" position for safety reasons and for a cold start.
  • the actuator is preferably adjustable against a spring.
  • the actuator can be fixed in the position in which the bypass is fully open by means of a button.
  • the button also serves as a safety switch.
  • a fuel junction is arranged at the foot of the surface wetted by the fuel and leads to a fuel store.
  • a fuel supply leads from the fuel store to the head of the surface to be wetted by the fuel.
  • the excess fuel is thus circulated and is again available for the formation of the fuel-air mixture.
  • the fuel supply for preheating the fuel is connected to a heat exchanger, which is advantageously arranged within the combustion air supply.
  • the fuel film in the flow chamber can thus always be set to a temperature which is slightly below the temperature at which the combustion air enters the flow chamber and which is so high that all oil fractions in the fuel can evaporate into the supplied combustion air.
  • a device for forming an ignitable mixture of liquid fuel and preheated combustion air is shown with a flow space 1, into which the combustion air is introduced via a combustion air supply 2.
  • the combustion air flows through the flow space 1 in the flow direction of fuel flowing under the influence of gravity on a wettable surface.
  • the flow direction of the combustion air entering the flow space 1 is marked in the combustion air supply 2 by a flow arrow A with a dashed flow line.
  • the flow space is annular.
  • a flow guide also designed as a hollow cylinder, can be inserted into a tubular outer wall 3 with a wettable inner surface 3 ', which in the exemplary embodiment also serves as an actuator 4, as will be described further below.
  • the actuator 4 limits the flow space 1 to the inside.
  • the fuel is distributed uniformly over an annular gap, which is referred to below as fuel distributor 5, on the head of the outer wall 3 and trickles down over the inner surface 3 'of the wall 3 as a fuel film.
  • fuel distributor 5 On the head of the outer wall 3 and trickles down over the inner surface 3 'of the wall 3 as a fuel film.
  • the fuel flows in the flow space 1 to the foot 6 of the wettable surface and is guided here to the fuel store 9 at the outlet 7 for the fuel-air mixture formed in the flow space via an outlet 8 which brings the fuel together.
  • Excess fuel that has not been absorbed by the combustion air in the flow space 1 flows into the fuel store.
  • the direction of flow of the fuel-air mixture in the free interior of the actuator 4, which serves as a trigger 10 for the fuel-air mixture formed in the flow space 1, is indicated by a flow arrow B with a dash-dotted flow line.
  • the fuel-air mixture is deflected by 180 ° at the outlet 7 and flows free of fuel drops via a trigger 10 into a mixture line 11.
  • the fuel-air mixture is fed to a combustion chamber, not shown in the drawing, and ignited there.
  • a bypass 12 is used to regulate and adjust the ignitable fuel-air mixture, the flow cross section of which can be adjusted in the exemplary embodiment by moving the actuator 4, which is movably mounted in the direction of its body axis 13.
  • the remaining part of the combustion air flows via the bypass 12 directly into the mixture line 11 and mixes here with the fuel-air mixture which is withdrawn from the flow space 1.
  • the actuator 4 For the passage of the combustion air at the bypass 12, the actuator 4 has recesses 14 in the area of the combustion air supply, which can be displaced via recesses 15 which are provided in the mixture line 11 when the actuator is axially adjusted.
  • the mixture line 11 is welded into the combustion air supply 2 and thus forms a stationary element of the actuator in relation to the actuator 4, which is indicated as above.
  • the recesses 15 in the mixture line 11 extend in a plane perpendicular to the body axis 13 and are slit-shaped.
  • the actuator 4 is shown in its two extreme positions: to the left of the body axis 13, the operating position is shown with the bypass 12 closed, in this position the entire preheated combustion air is used to hold fuel, the fuel-air mixture thus has the maximum fuel content, and to the right of the body axis 13, the actuator 4 is shown in its “off” position, that is to say with the bypass 12 fully open and the flow space 1 closed.
  • the flow of the combustion air is shown with flow arrows.
  • the penetration of the combustion air into the flow space 1 is marked with flow arrow A and a dashed flow line, on the right side is the outflow of the combustion air through the bypass 12 into the mixture vent 11 with flow arrow C and continuous flow line indicated.
  • the flow chamber 1 is from Actuator completely closed.
  • the actuator 4 has, on the one hand, sealing elements 17 in the input area 16 to the flow space 1, which are arranged in a ring on the outer jacket of the actuator 4 and can be inserted into the input area 16 when the bypass 12 is opened such that access to the flow space 1 is fully open Bypass is closed.
  • the outlet 7 at the foot 6 of the actuator 4 is also closed when the bypass is fully open.
  • the foot 6 of the actuator 4 sits on a base 18 when the bypass is fully open and thus closes the flow space 1 with respect to the fume cupboard 10.
  • the base 18 is formed in a sloping manner towards the outlet 8 of the fuel, so that any fuel that collects in the area of the base can flow into the fuel store 9.
  • the base 18 is of lightweight construction and has a conical cap 19 covering the base, the base cavity 20 thus created being relieved of pressure via a ventilation bore 21.
  • the actuator 4 is centered in the lower part of the flow space 1 with guides 22.
  • the actuator 4 is operatively connected to a temperature sensor which is arranged in the combustion air supply 2.
  • the actuator 4 is adjustable against a prestressed spring 23, which is articulated by means of a pull rod 24 to a pin 25 of the actuator 4, via a rocker arm 26.
  • the rocker arm 26 is rotatably mounted on a carrier 27 in a vertical plane.
  • the carrier 27 consists of a corrugated tube which is filled with oil and changes its length depending on the temperature of the combustion air supply 2 relative to a linkage 28 on which the rocker arm 26 is pivotally articulated.
  • the actuator 4 When the rocker arm 26 rotates about its fixed pivot point 29 caused by the carrier 27, the actuator 4 is brought into the required operating position via a stop 30 on the actuator, to which the rocker arm 26 is non-positively connected in the exemplary embodiment.
  • the position of the fixed pivot point 29 can also be changed relative to the position of the pivot point on the carrier 27 by means of an adjusting screw 31 acting on the linkage 28. This enables the movement of the actuator 4 to be adjusted to different types of fuel to be evaporated in the flow space 1.
  • the pull rod 24 articulated on the pin 25 of the actuator 4 is guided to the outside and, when displaced by means of a button 32, enables the actuator to be “turned off” since the displacement path of the pull rod 24 is limited on the actuator 4 by detents 33, 33 ′. If the button is released again after actuation of the button 32, the actuator 4 is brought back into the operating position predetermined by the position of the rocker arm 26 by means of the spring force 23. A safety switch can thus also be connected to the button 32.
  • an open gap is provided at the foot 6 of the outer wall 3, through which the fuel flows to the outlet 8 in the exemplary embodiment.
  • the gap has a gap width which is slightly larger than the film thickness of the fuel film which forms at the foot 6 of the surface. The excess fuel can flow off undisturbed. The entrainment of fuel drops when the fuel-air mixture flows out into the fume cupboard 10 is avoided.
  • a heating element 34 is arranged on the one hand for preheating the fuel present in the fuel reservoir, and on the other hand a cooling element 35 is also provided, which when a provided one is exceeded Fuel temperature in the fuel storage is effective. Heating element 34 and cooling element 35 are controlled by a thermostat 36, which is in contact with the fuel-liquid within the fuel store.
  • a fuel line 37 opens into the fuel store, which can be closed by means of a float valve 38 controlled by the liquid level in the fuel store.
  • the fuel accumulator 37 can be emptied via a spring-adjustable closure 39 which is arranged in the bottom of the fuel accumulator.
  • the fuel is sucked out of the fuel store 9 by means of a fuel pump 42 from a fuel chamber 41 surrounded by a filter 40.
  • the fuel pump 42 conveys the fuel into a fuel feed 43 leading to the fuel store 5.
  • the fuel Before the fuel exits the fuel distributor 5 onto the surface to be wetted, the fuel is preheated by the combustion air flowing in the combustion air supply 2 in a heat exchanger 44 to which the fuel supply 43 is connected.
  • preheated combustion air flows in the combustion air supply from exhaust gases from a combustion or heating device and the ignitable mixture flowing off in the mixture outlet serves the same combustion and heating device as fuel gas
  • the temperature of the preheated air supplied to the flow space changes depending on the air throughput and that this temperature change can be used for bypass control.
  • the temperature sensor in the combustion air Supply which can also be carried out electronically, for example, in a modification of the temperature sensor shown, then automatically generates an optimal fuel-air mixture depending on the air flow rate, since the temperature of the fuel circulated with a constant amount and preheated by the combustion air also depends on the temperature in the combustion air supply is influenced.
  • the ignitable mixture can be adapted over a wide range very precisely to the required operating conditions, such as those that occur with different performance requirements for combustion and heating devices.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Spray-Type Burners (AREA)
  • Air Supply (AREA)
  • Control Of Combustion (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)

Claims (8)

1. Dispositif de production d'un mélange de combustible et d'air par évaporation de combustible dans de l'air de combustion préchauffé dans une chambre d'écoulement (1), qui comporte une surface (3') pouvant être mouillée par le combustible, et à laquelle sont raccordés un conduit d'amenée d'air de combustion (2) et une sortie (10) pour le mélange de combustible et d'air qui se forme dans la chambre d'écoulement (1), de manière que l'air de combustion passe dans la chambre d'écoulement (1) suivant le sens d'écoulement du combustible s'écoulant sous l'effet de la force de gravité vers le bas (6) de la surface mouillable, caractérisé en ce que le conduit d'amenée de l'air de combustion (2) et la sortie (10) pour le mélange de combustible et d'air communiquent par une dérivation (12) et en ce que la quantité d'air de combustion, passant dans la chambre d'écoulement (1) et dans la dérivation (12), peut être réglée au moyen d'un organe de réglage (4), qui entoure la sortie (10), dont la surface extérieure délimite la chambre d'écoulement (1) et qui, lorsque la dérivation est entièrement ouverte, ferme la chambre d'écoulement (1) à la fois vis-à- vis du conduit d'amenée d'air de combustion (2) et de la sortie (10), et en ce qu'il est prévu, dans la chambre d'écoulement (1), au bas de la surface (3') mouillable par le combustible, une évacuation (8) pour le combustible.
2. Dispositif suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu, comme sortie, au bas (6) de la surface mouillable par le combustible, une fente dont la largeur correspond au moins à l'épaisseur de la pellicule du combustible au bas de la surface mouillable par le combustible.
3. Dispositif suivant la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'organe de réglage (4) coopère avec une sonde de température (26, 27, 28) disposée dans le conduit d'amenée de l'air de combustion (2).
4. Dispositif suivant l'une des revendications 1, 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que l'organe de réglage comporte des éléments (4, 11) tubulaires et coaxiaux l'un par rapport à l'autre, et en ce qu'au moins l'un des éléments (4) de l'organe de réglage peut être réglé.
5. Dispositif suivant l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'organe de réglage (4) peut être réglé entre deux butées (33, 33').
6. Dispositif suivant l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'organe de réglage (4) est monté de manière réglable, à l'encontre d'un ressort (23).
7. Dispositif suivant la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que l'organe de réglage (4) peut coulisser au moyen d'un bouton-poussoir (32) pour interrompre l'arrivée d'air de combustion à la chambre d'écoulement (1).
8. Dispositif suivant l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'au bas de la surface (3) mouillable par le combustible est disposé un collecteur de combustible (8) qui débouche dans un réservoir de combustible (9), et en ce que le combustible est retourné au conduit d'amenée du combustible (43) par l'intermédiaire d'un échangeur de chaleur (44).
EP82104974A 1981-06-09 1982-06-07 Dispositif pour la formation d'un mélange inflammable de combustible liquide et de l'air de combustion Expired EP0066875B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT82104974T ATE30463T1 (de) 1981-06-09 1982-06-07 Vorrichtung zur ausbildung eines zuendfaehigen gemisches aus fluessigem brennstoff und verbrennungsluft.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3122770A DE3122770C2 (de) 1981-06-09 1981-06-09 Einrichtung zur Erzeugung eines Brennstoff-Luft-Gemisches durch Verdunsten von Brennstoff in vorgewärmte Verbrennungsluft
DE3122770 1981-06-09

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0066875A2 EP0066875A2 (fr) 1982-12-15
EP0066875A3 EP0066875A3 (en) 1984-08-22
EP0066875B1 true EP0066875B1 (fr) 1987-10-28

Family

ID=6134236

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82104974A Expired EP0066875B1 (fr) 1981-06-09 1982-06-07 Dispositif pour la formation d'un mélange inflammable de combustible liquide et de l'air de combustion

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4486362A (fr)
EP (1) EP0066875B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS585A (fr)
AT (1) ATE30463T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3122770C2 (fr)

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US4231904A (en) * 1978-03-01 1980-11-04 Lever Brothers Company Detergent bars with improved properties
DE3526866A1 (de) * 1985-07-26 1987-02-05 Kernforschungsanlage Juelich Verdampfer fuer fluessigen brennstoff zur erzeugung eines brennstoff-luft-gemisches
US4641477A (en) * 1986-01-06 1987-02-10 Schleck Herman A Adjustable modular building
JPS62160412A (ja) * 1986-01-08 1987-07-16 Asahi Optical Co Ltd マクロレンズ
DE3626933A1 (de) * 1986-08-08 1988-02-18 Kernforschungsanlage Juelich Verfahren und vorrichtung zur erzeugung eines brennbaren gasgemisches aus fluessigem brennstoff, wasserdampf und verbrennungsluft
JPH0812326B2 (ja) * 1986-09-01 1996-02-07 ミノルタ株式会社 逆望遠型広角レンズ
JPH03501634A (ja) * 1987-07-03 1991-04-11 ホルデン　ゼイムス 蒸発装置
DE19612691C1 (de) * 1996-03-29 1997-09-18 Volker Dr Ing Till Verfahren zur Gemischbildung von Luft mit flüssigem Brennstoff in einem Wirbelrohr
KR100408360B1 (ko) * 2001-03-02 2003-12-06 주식회사 3지테크놀러지 창문용 개폐장치

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US1403716A (en) * 1922-01-17 Carburetor
DE616719C (de) * 1935-08-03 Achill Kuehrt Geblaeseloser OElbrenner fuer Heiz- und Kochzwecke
FR357346A (fr) * 1905-06-20 1905-12-23 Adolphe Louis Carburateur
US1184889A (en) * 1914-12-19 1916-05-30 John W Stevens Carbureter.
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US1625141A (en) * 1922-05-01 1927-04-19 Emil A Nelson Carburetor
US1707229A (en) * 1926-08-07 1929-04-02 Myron B Lloyd Carburetor
US1857565A (en) * 1927-12-16 1932-05-10 Pahl August Surface carburetor
US1914032A (en) * 1931-12-31 1933-06-13 James T Mackan Refrigerating system
US1988673A (en) * 1932-08-22 1935-01-22 Shell Dev Apparatus for burning liquid fuel
GB519203A (en) * 1938-09-17 1940-03-19 John Henry Blease Improvements in anaesthetic apparatus
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US2593166A (en) * 1947-11-25 1952-04-15 Philips Lab Inc Oil vaporizer
US2638330A (en) * 1949-09-13 1953-05-12 Morgenroth Henri Carburetor
DE1255237B (de) * 1962-12-17 1967-11-30 Hans Lingl Sen Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Heizen deckenbefeuerter keramischer OEfen
US3336734A (en) * 1965-05-18 1967-08-22 Schultz Converter Co Fuel vaporizing assembly
AT298650B (de) * 1968-04-20 1972-04-15 Nikex Nehezipari Kulkere Vorrichtung zum verbrennen eines gemisches aus fluessigem brenn-stoff und einem gasfoermigen traeger-medium, z.b. gas, luft, wasserdampf
GB1396902A (en) * 1972-08-18 1975-06-11 Vnii Med Priboros Evaporator for liquid narcotics
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FR2469572A1 (fr) * 1979-11-09 1981-05-22 Ts K Instit Systeme d'alimentation pour moteur a combustion interne

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS585A (ja) 1983-01-05
EP0066875A3 (en) 1984-08-22
US4486362A (en) 1984-12-04
ATE30463T1 (de) 1987-11-15
EP0066875A2 (fr) 1982-12-15
DE3122770C2 (de) 1985-03-14
DE3122770A1 (de) 1982-12-30

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