EP0042113B1 - Interrupteur automatique - Google Patents

Interrupteur automatique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0042113B1
EP0042113B1 EP81104307A EP81104307A EP0042113B1 EP 0042113 B1 EP0042113 B1 EP 0042113B1 EP 81104307 A EP81104307 A EP 81104307A EP 81104307 A EP81104307 A EP 81104307A EP 0042113 B1 EP0042113 B1 EP 0042113B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
circuit breaker
lever
short
automatic circuit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP81104307A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0042113A3 (en
EP0042113A2 (fr
Inventor
Hermann Schmitt
Rudolf Sellner
Klaus Dipl.-Ing. Greefe
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BBC Brown Boveri AG Germany
Original Assignee
Brown Boveri und Cie AG Germany
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Brown Boveri und Cie AG Germany filed Critical Brown Boveri und Cie AG Germany
Priority to AT81104307T priority Critical patent/ATE16965T1/de
Publication of EP0042113A2 publication Critical patent/EP0042113A2/fr
Publication of EP0042113A3 publication Critical patent/EP0042113A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0042113B1 publication Critical patent/EP0042113B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
    • H01H71/2409—Electromagnetic mechanisms combined with an electromagnetic current limiting mechanism
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/14—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
    • H01H1/20—Bridging contacts
    • H01H1/2066—Fork-shaped bridge; Two transversally connected contact arms bridging two fixed contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/1081—Modifications for selective or back-up protection; Correlation between feeder and branch circuit breaker
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/50—Manual reset mechanisms which may be also used for manual release
    • H01H71/52—Manual reset mechanisms which may be also used for manual release actuated by lever
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
    • H01H71/2463—Electromagnetic mechanisms with plunger type armatures

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a circuit breaker with an overcurrent and a short-circuit current release, which act on a switch lock for the purpose of triggering a power interruption, with at least one main contact point, which is formed by at least one stationary contact piece and at least one movable contact piece fastened on a movably mounted contact lever, with at least one arc extinguishing device assigned to each of the main contact points, with an additional impact armature system with a magnet coil, a magnet core, a magnet armature and an impact pin, which strikes the movable contact lever directly and without delay in the event of short-circuit currents and thus the at least one movable contact piece from the at least one stationary contact piece takes off quickly and briefly.
  • circuit breakers In addition to fuses, circuit breakers have been used more and more frequently for overload current and short-circuit current protection, which have a thermal time-delayed release for tripping in the event of an overload current and a magnetic instantaneous release for tripping in the event of a short-circuit current.
  • a thermal bimetal is usually used as a thermal trigger, which bends when an overload current occurs, thereby unlatching the switching mechanism of a key switch and thus separating the contact lever or the movable contact piece from the fixed contact piece.
  • This thermal release is a so-called delayed release because it only responds to an overload current due to the heating up after a certain time.
  • a magnetic armature system is provided as the magnetic trigger, which responds practically without delay and without delay opens the contact point or unlatches the switch lock.
  • circuit breaker In a first application of the circuit breaker can nachge a fuse - switched on, its Activation must be a short circuit in front of the consumer so that neither addresses the fuse in the overload current range even in the short-circuit current range.
  • circuit breaker or the circuit breaker as the main circuit breaker between the back-up fuse and a group of downstream circuit breakers as group protection.
  • Use automatic circuit breaker or similar There are basically difficulties for selective tripping for this switch. This is because it must trip in the event of overload currents in order to protect the line section downstream of it in the overcurrent range. However, it must not trigger in the event of short circuits in the consumer area if the switching capacity of the circuit breaker assigned to the consumer is not exceeded. This is the only way to ensure the selectivity of the switches upstream of the consumers compared to the main circuit breaker downstream of the pre-fuse.
  • the opening device being designed in such a way that it quickly opens the switch contacts through which the overcurrent flows the different levels. It is also designed in such a way that it enables the contacts to be switched on again quickly when the current value falls below a predetermined value.
  • the trigger control has a counter which counts the successive opening and closing sequences of the contacts and which can trigger the triggering after a predetermined number of sequences, so as to keep the contacts of the corresponding switch open after the predetermined number of sequences. This means that the switch that is assigned directly to the consumer opens after a single opening.
  • the higher-level switch remains open after opening twice and the higher-level switch remains open after three times, and so on.
  • the problem here is that a resettable counting device is required for the implementation, which means that one has to develop and provide a mechanical or complicated electronic counting device with a network-independent, mechanical or electronic energy store.
  • the switch that is connected directly upstream of the fault point triggers immediately and finally.
  • the selective protection device described only fulfills this requirement in the event of a fault which is in the area of one of the consumers, but not in the case of faults which occur between two downstream switches, because a final triggering takes place there only after the intended counting sequence has been completed.
  • the object of the invention is therefore one Improve self-switches, in particular for a selective protection device without a resettable counting device and to provide a simple and advantageous structure. It is a further object of the invention to design the self-switch so that from a certain short-circuit current level for the purpose of current interruption, the at least one switching contact point of the self-switch opens immediately and briefly, but closes again to a small value after the current has been interrupted or has decayed, that in the event of a prolonged overcurrent or short-circuit current, the switching mechanism is triggered and the at least one switching contact point is finally opened, and that when a predetermined increased short-circuit current value is exceeded, the at least one switching contact point opens immediately and finally.
  • the short-circuit current release of the circuit breaker which is designed as a selective release and has two main contact points connected in series, is electrically connected between the arc guide rail assigned to the movable contact piece of the first main contact point and a second connecting terminal of the circuit breaker and is parallel to the second main contact point and the overcurrent release, which are arranged in series, is that the short-circuit current release consists of a temperature-sensitive, one-side clamped tripping element, in particular a thermobimetal, and a magnetic end trigger, which is connected in series with an electrical resistor, and that the free supply line of the resistor facing away from the tripping element the arc guide rail is connected, that the free end of the trigger element is connected to the second terminal of the circuit breaker and a first contact piece au shows that a second contact piece is opposite, and that in parallel to this arrangement between the arc guide rail and the second contact piece, the coil of the magnetic final release is connected, the striker pin acts on the release lever of the switch.
  • Selective protection trip means here a trip control which has a changeover device in the current path of the automatic switch which, when a short-circuit current occurs, at least partially switches the current to a parallel branch provided with a magnetic release, the parallel branch containing a device which, after passing through a predetermined pass value fi2 dt the current through the coil of the magnetic release is increased so that it triggers a switching lock which finally opens the at least one main contact point.
  • the contact system of the circuit breaker according to the invention can be opened without delay, briefly and without influencing the switch lock and trigger control, the switch lock allowing unimpeded contact opening and closing in the tensioned state.
  • a short-circuit current is only triggered by the selective protection release.
  • the particular advantage of the solution according to the invention emerges when the self-switch is used as a main circuit breaker in a selective protection arrangement in which a fuse, an inventive main circuit breaker and a circuit breaker assigned to each consumer are arranged between the network and at least one consumer.
  • a fuse an inventive main circuit breaker and a circuit breaker assigned to each consumer are arranged between the network and at least one consumer.
  • the contact system of the main circuit breaker according to the invention is closed again immediately after the short-circuit current has subsided, so that consumers arranged in parallel are not disconnected from the mains.
  • the main circuit breaker trips using its selective protection release and switches off all consumers in parallel.
  • the contact opening lever of the switch lock only acts on the movable contact lever when the switch lock is triggered, and at least a movable contact piece stands out from the at least one stationary contact piece.
  • a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention can be found in the characterizing part of claim 5.
  • the contact lever can perform a pendulum movement, which ensures the same contact pressure force on both main contact points even with different contact erosion.
  • the pendulum movement is favored by the formation of a narrow bearing point of the contact lever.
  • the proposed arrangement of the contact pressure tension spring ensures that the contact pressure force increases only insignificantly when the contact lever is deflected (opening of the contact point). This enables short contact opening times, particularly when the contact opening is brought about by the additional impact anchor system.
  • the switch lock has a double-leg contact opening lever, the two free leg ends of which each carry a nose which engage at least behind one leg of an at least one leg contact lever, so that when the switch lock is triggered, the contact opening lever by means of its lugs detaches the contact lever from the closed position deflects and opens the main contact points.
  • the contact bridge can be moved out of its rest position (opening of the contact point) either by the striking pin of the additional anchor system striking the contact bridge independently of the switching lock and deflecting it, or by the contact opening lever of the switching lock tearing open the contact lever by means of its two lugs.
  • FIG. 1 the interior of a self-switch according to the invention is shown in an open two-part shell-shaped housing in a narrow construction, which is placed on its lower housing edge 10.
  • an impact armature system 13 shown in section. This consists of a magnet coil 14, which is designed as a wire winding, an iron yoke 15, an impact pin 16, a magnetic core (not shown), a magnet armature 17 and a metal sleeve 18, which lies between the magnet coil 14 on the one hand and the magnet core and magnet armature 17 on the other hand and in which the magnet armature 17 moves.
  • the magnet armature 17 carries at its end protruding from the magnet coil 14 a permanent magnet, which consists of a permanent magnet 19 embedded in the magnet armature 17 and a ferromagnetic holding plate 20.
  • a permanent magnet which consists of a permanent magnet 19 embedded in the magnet armature 17 and a ferromagnetic holding plate 20.
  • One end 21 of the solenoid wire is connected to the first terminal 11.
  • an arc guide rail 23 is attached, which carries a fixed contact piece 24.
  • an arc extinguishing device Between the lower housing edge 10 and the impact anchor system 13 there is an arc extinguishing device, separated by an insulating web 92, which consists of the two arc guide rails 23 and 26, the stack of quenching plates 27 in between, and an insulating material plate 28 with openings 29.
  • the ends 30 of the deion sheets of the quenching sheet stack 27 protrude beyond the ends 31 of the arc guide rails 23 and 26.
  • the arc chamber is covered by two ceramic plates 32, only one of which is visible.
  • a labyrinth-like system of ventilation openings 33 In the side of the switch housing, which the ends 30 of the deion plates face, there is a labyrinth-like system of ventilation openings 33, which is formed by offset webs and enables gas pressure compensation.
  • Both arc extinguishing devices are galvanically separated from each other by a partition made of insulating material. However, their two lower arc guide rails 26 are electrically connected to one another.
  • the upper guide rail of the rear arc device (not shown) (which corresponds to the arc guide rail 23) also carries a stationary contact piece (corresponding to the contact piece 24). It is connected to an insulated rigid connecting line 34 with the clamped end of a thermal bimetallic strip 35 which serves as an overload current release and which is fastened in the region of a second connecting terminal 40 approximately parallel to the housing wall.
  • the bimetallic strip 35 At the free end of the bimetallic strip 35 there is a threaded hole into which an adjustment screw 36 accessible from the switch exterior (through corresponding openings, not shown) is screwed. In the event of heating by an overload current, the bimetallic strip 35 bends with its free end towards the center of the switch, so that the adjusting screw 36 presses against a release lever 37 of the switching mechanism 49, which is described below, and triggers it.
  • a flexible connecting line 38 is also attached, the other end of which is connected to a rigid connecting piece 39.
  • the connecting conductor piece 39 leads to the second connection terminal 40.
  • the switch lock 49 of the automatic switch protrudes upwards approximately in the middle from the switch front 91.
  • a sight glass 94 is embedded in the switch front 91, under which there is a switch position indicator 93 which is visible from the outside.
  • the switch position indicator 93 has a red and a green area and indicates the position of the movable contact pieces 42 (main contact point 25, 84 open or closed).
  • the contact lever 41 has a movable contact piece 42 on each of its two legs 59. With the two stationary contact pieces 24, these form two main contact points 25, 84, of which, however, only one is visible.
  • the short-circuit current release which is designed as a so-called selective protection release, is finally arranged in the area of the second connection terminal 40 between the switching lock 49 and the bimetallic strip 35 on the one hand and the lower housing edge 10 on the other hand. It consists of a helically wound resistance wire 43, a thermal bimetallic element (release element) 44, one end 45 of which is fastened in the switch housing, an auxiliary contact point 46 and a magnetic end release 47 designed as an anchor system.Electrically, these elements are connected to one another as follows: one end of the resistance wire 43 is soldered both to a flag 48 formed on the lower arc guide rails 26 and to the upper of the two housing boards 71, between which the switching mechanism 49 is located.
  • the other end of the resistance wire 43 is connected to the fixed, clamped end 45 of the bimetal 44.
  • the free end of the thermal bimetal 44 carries a first contact piece 50 of the auxiliary contact point 46.
  • the free end of the thermal bimetal 44 is connected to the connecting conductor piece 39 by a flexible connecting line 51.
  • the first contact piece 50 is opposite a second contact piece 52, which is fastened on a copper bracket 53 firmly clamped in the switch housing. On the copper bracket 53, one end 54 of the coil wire of the magnetic trigger 47 is also attached.
  • the other end 55 of the coil wire is connected to the flag 48 and the lower arc guide rail 26.
  • the striking pin 56 of the magnetic end release 47 which is contained in a magnetic yoke, is oriented such that, in the event that the magnetic end release 47 is released, it also acts on the release lever 37, like the adjusting screw 36 of the thermobimetal strip 35.
  • the arrangement of the components of the circuit breaker shown in FIG. 1 represents a particularly favorable solution.
  • the assignment of the components is functional.
  • the electrical lines carrying the current are short.
  • the actuation of the contact lever 41 by the striking pin 16 or the actuation of the release lever 37 by the adjusting screw 36 of the bimetallic strip 35 or the striking pin 56 takes place directly and without additional levers.
  • the space utilization in the switch housing is optimal.
  • the assembly of the components can be done easily. Flawless accessibility of the connection, setting and operating elements of the circuit breaker to be operated from the outside is guaranteed.
  • the operation of the circuit breaker shown in Fig. 1 is described below.
  • the automatic switch is shown in the switched-on position in which the main contact points 25, 84 are closed.
  • the current to be monitored takes the following course within the circuit breaker: it enters the circuit breaker through the first connection terminal 11. It then flows through the magnet coil 14 of the impact anchor system 13 via the first main contact point 25, then via the fork-shaped contact lever 41 to the second main contact point 84, which is not shown, then via the rigid connecting line 34 to the thermobimetal strip 35, through this via the flexible connecting line 38 to the connecting conductor piece 39 and finally to the second connection terminal 40, from where the current leaves the automatic switch again.
  • a partial flow is branched on the contact lever 41. It flows through the housing plate 71 covering the switching lock to the resistance wire 43, through it into the thermobimetal 44 and is then also conducted via the flexible connecting line 51 and the connecting conductor piece 39 to the second connecting terminal 40.
  • the arcs are extinguished here, interrupting the current flow through the automatic switch. Due to the series arrangement of two arc chambers, the total arc voltage is significantly above the nominal voltage, so that the arcs are quickly extinguished.
  • the magnet armature 17 tears itself away from the permanent magnet bond (which only allows tearing off at a certain, constant short-circuit current level), drives the striking pin 16, which strikes the contact lever 41 directly and without delay and the two movable contact pieces 42 from the fixed contact pieces 24 lifts off.
  • the switching lock 49 is not triggered by this.
  • the contact opening lever 57 remains in its position.
  • two arcs are formed which run into the quenching plate stack 27.
  • the voltage drop across the main contact points 25, 84 increases considerably (arcing voltage). This results in an increased voltage drop across the short-circuit current release, which is connected in parallel with the main contact point 84 lying in series with the bimetallic strip 35. This causes an increased current flow through the short-circuit current release, which causes heating of the thermobimetal 44.
  • the thermal bimetal 44 is designed so that its temperature-related deflection does not lead to the closing of the auxiliary contact point 46 even with small short-circuit currents. This only happens if either the short-circuit current exceeds a predetermined value or if it is present for a longer period of time, that is, if a certain transmission value fi 2 dt is exceeded.
  • the short-circuit release does not release the switch lock 49. After the arcs have been extinguished or the switch current has dropped to a small value, the anchor system 13 drops and the contact lever 41 closes the main contact actuators 25, 84 again .
  • the auxiliary contact point 46 is closed.
  • the magnetic end release 47 is thus parallel to the main contact point 84 in series with the bimetallic 44 and quasi at the arc voltage of the concealed, not shown, arc chamber.
  • the arc voltage draws a current through the magnetic end release 47 and thus drives the striking pin 56, which acts on the release lever 37 of the switch lock 49 and releases the switch lock 49.
  • the double-leg contact opening lever 57 is pulled into the switch lock housing and prevents the main contact points 25, 84 from closing by means of its lugs 58, which hold back the double-leg contact lever 41.
  • the current flow through the circuit breaker is thus permanently interrupted.
  • the main contact points 25, 84 can only be closed again by actuating the manual actuating element 60.
  • an insulating plate 28 is attached, which preferably consists of a material that is strongly gassing when heated, for example plexiglass.
  • This insulating material plate 28, which is shown in more detail in FIG. 9, has openings 29 at its edge for venting the arc chamber.
  • a pressure equalization with the outside of the switch can take place via ventilation openings 33, which are formed like a labyrinth by offset webs in the switch housing.
  • the thermal bimetal 44 of the short-circuit current release is partially arranged parallel to the connecting conductor piece 39.
  • the bimetal 44 is ferromagnetic, it is attracted by the magnetic field of the current-carrying connecting piece 39. This supports the thermal deflection of the bimetallic 44 at high currents.
  • Fig. 3 shows the flow diagram for a self-switch according to the invention as described above.
  • This diagram is based on a selective protection arrangement (FIG. 2) in which a fuse SS, a main circuit breaker HS and a circuit breaker LS are fitted between the network N and a consumer VB.
  • FIG. 2 shows the melting curve represents the fuse SS.
  • the double solid curve represents the pass characteristics D Hs of a main circuit breaker HS according to the invention, located in the entire area shown clearly below the melting curve D ss securing SS.
  • the highly solid line is the pass characteristic D Ls of the line circuit breaker LS, it is in turn well below the pass characteristic D HS of the main circuit breaker HS.
  • the current flow is only interrupted if the corresponding transmission value f1 2 of the tripping characteristic A HSL is exceeded for an overload current.
  • the impact armature system 13 responds and leads to an opening of the main contact points 25, 84.
  • the switching lock 49 is triggered at the same time, which leads to a permanent opening of the main contact points 25, 84 leads.
  • the flow characteristic D ST shown in dashed lines is decisive for these switches.
  • the impact armature system 13 also opens the main contact points 25, 84 when an overcurrent which is greater than I B occurs.
  • the impact anchor system 13 does not trigger the switching mechanism 49, so that the main contact points 25, 84 release after the overcurrent has subsided close again.
  • the tripping characteristic of this bimetal 44 is shown in FIG. 3 with A HS2 . It is decisive in the current range between I B and I K for the passage of the circuit breaker according to the invention.
  • the pass characteristic D HS of the circuit breaker according to the invention is slightly curved above the tripping current value I K and increases.
  • the forward characteristics D Ls and D ' LS represent the current limiting properties of a miniature circuit breaker.
  • the forward characteristic D' LS characterizes the properties of a miniature circuit breaker, the current-limiting effect of which is not supported by upstream miniature circuit breakers, while the lower solid forward characteristic D LS refers to a miniature circuit breaker LS, which is connected upstream of a main line circuit breaker HS according to the invention.
  • I A a current value
  • the tripping characteristic ALs of the overload current release of the miniature circuit breaker LS is decisive for the forward characteristic, while the short-circuit current release of the miniature circuit breaker LS takes effect at current values greater than I A.
  • Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 represent a fork-shaped and symmetrical contact lever 41. It consists of a U-shaped contact part 61, the two legs 59 carry the movable contact pieces 42, and on the connecting leg 62 two angle pieces are attached, the each first angle leg 64 rests flat on the U-shaped contact part 61 and is connected to one another by means of rivets 65, and the second angle leg 66 of which lies perpendicular to the plane of symmetry 67. The two second angle legs 66 lying in the plane of symmetry 67 are connected to one another by means of rivets 68.
  • the contact lever 41 is rotatably mounted on a fixed axis 70 in its bearing 69.
  • the stationary axis 70 is fastened to the two printed circuit boards 71 covering the switching lock 49.
  • a pendulum axis 72 engages, which has three grooves 73, at the two ends of the pendulum axis one end of a contact pressure tension spring 74 is suspended.
  • the respective other ends of the contact pressure tension springs 74 are each suspended in a fixed abutment 75 formed on the circuit boards 71.
  • the contact pressure tension spring 74 presses the contact lever 41 against the stationary contact piece 24.
  • the contact pressure tension spring 74 is in this case pretensioned.
  • the connecting line between the bearing point of the pendulum axis 72 and the bearing point 69 of the contact lever 41 and the connecting line between the bearing point of the pendulum axis 72 and the fixed abutment 75 form an acute angle.
  • the pendulum movement is favored by the formation of a narrow bearing point 69, the width of which can be less than 2 mm. This ensures a constant contact pressure force on both main contact points 25, 84.
  • the pendulum bearing also enables compensation for different contact erosion.
  • FIG. 6 shows the switch lock 49 in a tensioned state
  • FIG. 7 shows it in the released state
  • FIG. 8 shows it in tensioned state, but with the main contact points 25, 84 open, which is caused by the action of the striking pin 16 of the striking anchor system 13.
  • the operation of the switching mechanism is as follows.
  • the release always takes place via the release lever 37 or the manual actuating element 60.
  • the pawl lever 89 is released and rotates in the direction of arrow B.
  • the axis 76 of the first knee joint consisting of two tabs 77, 78 is released and slides upward in the slot 79 in the pawl lever 89.
  • the manual actuator 60 rotates under the action of a spring, not shown, in the direction of arrow C into its switch-off position (FIG. 7).
  • the second knee joint consisting of the contact opening lever 57 and a tab 80, buckles under the action of the shift tension spring 81, in which the axis 82 migrates upward.
  • the double-leg contact opening lever 57 has at its free leg ends a nose 58, which engages behind one leg 59 of the contact lever 41.
  • the contact opening lever 57 is guided in the elongated hole 83 and, by means of its lugs 58, pulls the fork-shaped contact lever 41 with the movable contact pieces 42 away from the stationary contact pieces 24, whereby the main contact points 25, 84 are opened.
  • FIG. 7 shows the release of the switching lock 49, the latch lever 89 again being in its state ready for latching.
  • the triggering of the switch lock 49 is only effected by the bimetallic strip 35 or the striking pin 56 of the magnetic final release 47, that is to say when an overcurrent or a short-circuit current occurs, the transmission value of which is greater than D K (see FIG. 3) .
  • the main contact points 25, 84 are opened. This takes place, as shown in FIG. 8, in that the striking pin 16 of the striking anchor system 13 strikes directly on the connecting leg 62 of the U-shaped contact part 61 (FIG. 5) and thus lifts the contact lever 41 with the movable contact pieces 42 from the fixed contact pieces 24. This does not trigger the switch lock 49.
  • the suspension of the contact lever 41 on the circuit boards 71 of the key switch 49 is designed so that the contact lever 41 can deflect further by the striker 16 than is possible when the contact opening lever 57 opens by means of the tabs 58 thereof.
  • the instantaneous arc gap is increased in the event of short-circuit currents. This leads to an improved current limitation.
  • a coupling axis 95 is mounted, on which a lever 96 is formed, which engages behind an end 97 of the release lever 37.
  • the coupling axis 95 can serve as a connecting link to neighboring circuit breakers.
  • FIG. 9 shows an insulating material plate 28, shown enlarged, which is attached to the ends 30 of the deion sheets to prevent arcing.
  • the insulating plate 28 has openings 29 on all sides, which serve to vent the arc chamber.
  • the insulating plate 28 is made of plexiglass. This material is strongly gassing when heated and, if an arc occurs in the arc quenching chamber, causes pressure build-up in the arc quenching chamber and intensive cooling of the arc, which supports the quenching effect.
  • FIG. 10 shows a circuit diagram of a circuit breaker according to the invention.
  • the current enters the switch circuit via a first connection terminal 11. It flows through the impact anchor system 13 to the first main contact point 25, shown in the open state, which has an arc extinguishing device with light sheet guide rails 23, 26 and stack of fire-fighting sheet 27 is connected in parallel.
  • a second main contact point 84 which is constructed identically to the first main contact point 25, is connected in series to this first main contact point 25. Both main contact points 25, 84 are connected to one another by a rigid contact lever 41.
  • the current path leads via a connecting line 34 to a bimetallic strip 35, from there via a flexible connecting line 38 to a rigid connecting conductor piece 39 and the second connecting terminal 40.
  • a connecting line 34 to a bimetallic strip 35
  • a flexible connecting line 38 to a rigid connecting conductor piece 39 and the second connecting terminal 40.
  • an as Flag 48 trained soldering base at which a portion of the current is branched off. This flows through a resistance wire 43 with a positive temperature coefficient, a thermobimetal 44, a flexible connecting line 51 to the second connection terminal 40.
  • An end 54 of the coil wire of a magnetic end trigger 47 is also attached to the flag.
  • the other end 55 of the coil wire leads to a fixed contact piece 52, which is opposite a contact piece 50, which is attached to the free end of the thermobimetal 44.
  • the two contact pieces 50, 52 form an auxiliary contact point 46 shown in the open state.
  • the arrangement consisting of resistance wire 43, bimetallic 44, magnetic end release 47 and auxiliary contact point 46 is referred to here as a selective protection release.
  • the mode of operation of the arrangement indicated by the circuit diagram is as follows: If an overload current flows through the arrangement - via the impact anchor system 13, the two main contact points 25, 84 and the thermobimetal 35 - the thermobimetal strip 35 deflects and causes, as the action line 85 indicates, a triggering of the key switch 49. This leads to a permanent opening of the main contact points 25, 84. In the event of a short-circuit current, the impact anchor system 13, as the action line 86 indicates, causes the main contact points 25, 84 to open immediately and directly.
  • the main contact points 25, 84 are open and an arc burns and if the transmission value of a short-circuit current exceeds a predetermined value (transmission value D K in FIG. 3). This can either be the case if the short-circuit current is very large, or if the short-circuit current occurs continuously for a long time or in short successive intervals.
  • the thermal bimetal 44 then deflects so far that the auxiliary contact point 46 is closed. In this case, the magnetic end release 47 is switched into the auxiliary circuit. It speaks and triggers the switching lock 49, as the action line 87 indicates. As in the case of an overcurrent, this (line of action 88) also leads to a permanent opening of the main contact points 25, 84.
  • the main contact points 25, 84 can then only be closed by the manual actuating element 60 via the switching lock 49.
  • the bimetallic 44 of the selective protection release is more sensitive than the bimetallic strip 35 which is in the main circuit.
  • the positive temperature coefficient of the resistance wire 43 protects the bimetal 44 against large overcurrents.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)
  • Confectionery (AREA)
  • Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
  • Percussive Tools And Related Accessories (AREA)

Claims (12)

1. Autocommutateur comprenant un disjoncteur de surintensité et un disjoncteur de courant de court-circuit qui agissent sur un verrou de commutation (49) dans le but de déclencher une interruption de courant, au moins un emplacement de contact principal (25) qui est formé par au moins une pièce de contact fixe (24) et au moins une pièce de contact mobile (42), fixée sur un levier de contact (41) monté de façon mobile, au moins un dispositif d'extinction d'arc (27) associé à chacun des emplacements de contact principaux et comprenant un système additionnel d'armature d'impact (13) avec une bobine magnétique (14), un noyau magnétique, une armature magnétique (17) et une tige d'impact (16) qui, lors de courants de court-circuit, frappe directement et sans retard le levier mobile de contact (41) et ainsi soulève rapidement et sans délai ladite pièce de contact mobile (42) de ladite pièce de contact fixe (24), caractérisé en ce que le disjoncteur de courant de court-circuit de l'autocommutateur, réalisé comme un disjoncteur sélectif de protection et qui présente deux emplacements principaux de contact (25, 84) montés en série, est raccordé électriquement entre le rail de guidage d'arc (26) associé à la pièce mobile de contact (42) du premier emplacement de contact principal (25) et une deuxième borne de raccordement (40) de l'autocommutateur, et se trouve en parallèle sur le deuxième emplacement de contact principal (84) et le disjoncteur de surintensité qui sont disposés en série, en ce que le disjoncteur de courant de court-circuit est constitué par un élément de déclenchement (44) enserré sur un côté, sensible à la température et monté en série avec une résistance électrique (43), lequel est en particulier un bilame thermique, et par un disjoncteur magnétique d'extrémité (47), tourné à l'opposé de l'élément de déclenchement (44), est raccordé sur le rail de conduction d'arc (26), en ce que l'extrémité libre de l'élément de déclenchement (44) est reliée à la deuxième borne de raccordement (40) de l'autocommutateur et présente une première pièce de contact (50) en face de laquelle se trouve une deuxième pièce de contact (52), et en ce que, en parallèle sur ce dispositif, entre le rail de conduction d'arc (26) et la deuxième pièce de contact (52), est montée la bobine du disjoncteur magnétique d'extrémité (47) dont la tige d'impact (56) agit sur le levier de déclenchement (37) du verrou de commutation (49).
2. Autocommutateur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le système additionnel d'armature d'impact (13) se trouve au voisinage immédiat dudit dispositif d'extinction d'arc et dans la zone d'une première borne de raccordement (11).
3. Autocommutateur selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que le levier de déclenchement (37) du verrou de commutation (49) et le levier de contact (41) sont disposés sur deux côtés diamétralement opposés du verrou de commutation (49) et en ce que le disjoncteur de surintensité et le disjoncteur de courant de court-circuit sont disposés au voisinage immédiat du levier de déclenchement (37) et agissent directement sur celui-ci.
4. Autocommutateur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que l'armature magnétique (17) du système additionnel d'armature d'impact (13) est maintenue dans sa position de départ par un aimant permanent (19) et ne se libère et ne commande la tige d'impact (16) qu'après dépassement d'une valeur prédéterminée de courant de court-circuit.
5. Autocommutateur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que l'autocommutateur présente deux emplacements de contact principaux (25, 84) montés électriquement en série et comportant chacun un dispositif correspondant d'extinction d'arc et en ce que les dispositifs d'extinction d'arc se trouvent de part et d'autre d'une paroi de séparation (92) en matière isolante. -
6. Autocommutateur selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que, pour former les deux emplacements de contact principaux (25, 84), le levier de contact (41) est réalisé en forme de fourche et en ce que, à chaque extrémité de la fourche se trouve une pièce de contact mobile respective (42).
7. Autocommutateur selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que, sur le verrou de commutation (49), en particulier sur ses platines (71), est fixé un arc stationnaire (70) sur lequel le levier de contact (41) est monté de façon à pouvoir tourner, et en ce que cet emplacement de montage (69) du levier de contact (41) est placé de telle manière, dans son plan de symétrie (67) sur le côté tourné à l'opposé des pièces de contact (42), que les deux pièces de contact (42) peuvent exécuter un mouvement pendulaire.
8. Autocommutateur selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce qu'un axe pendulaire (72) s'engage sur le levier de contact (41), au centre, c'est-à-dire entre les pièces de contact (42) et l'emplacement de montage (69), en ce qu'un ressort (74) respectif de compression et de traction de contact est suspendu avec l'une de ses extrémités sur les deux extrémités de l'axe pendulaire et en ce que les extrémités tournées à l'opposé de l'axe pendulaire (72) de chaque ressort (74) sont suspendues dans un contre- palier stationnaire (75) respectif, lesquels contre- paliers sont fabriqués sur les platines (71) couvrant le verrou de commutation (49).
9. Autocommutateur selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que le levier de contact mobile en forme de fourche (41) est formé par une pièce de contact en forme de U (61) dont les deux branches portent les pièces de contact mobiles (42) et sur les branches de liaison (62) desquelles sont fixées deux pièces angulaires dont la première branche angulaire respective (64) repose à plat sur la pièce de contact en forme de U (61), tandis que la deuxième branche angulaire respective (66) se trouve perpendiculairement à celle-ci dans le plan de symétrie (67), et en ce que les deuxièmes branches angulaires (66) se trouvant dans le plan de symétrie (67) sont réunies l'une à l'autre et présentent des alésages pour recevoir l'axe pendulaire (72) et en tant qu'emplacement de montage (69) du levier de contact (41).
10. Autocommutateur selon l'une des revendications 5 à 9, caractérisé en ce que le montage du levier de contact (41) est tel que ce dernier peut dévier de telle manière que la distance entre les pièces de contact stationnaires (24) et les pièces de contact mobiles (42) dépasse une amplitude d'ouverture de contact causée par le déclenchement du verrou de commutation (49).
11. Autocommutateur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que le verrou de commutation (49) présente un levier (57) d'ouverture de contact à double branche dont les deux extrémités libres des branches portent un nez respectif (58), ces nez s'engageant au moins derrière une branche d'au moins un levier de contact (41) à une branche de telle manière que lors du déclenchement du verrou de commutation (49), le levier d'ouverture de contact (57) fasse dévier au moyen de ses nez (58) le levier de contact (41) hors de la position de fermeture et ouvre les emplacements principaux de contact (25, 84).
12. Autocommutateur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce que, en parallèle sur l'élément de déclenchement (44) sensible à la température et sur le côté où est courbé celui-ci, est disposée une pièce conductrice de liaison (39) qui est commutée électriquement entre l'extrémité libre de l'élément de déclenchement (44) et la deuxième borne de raccordement (40) de l'autocommutateur, à faible distance de celui-ci, l'élément de déclenchement étant formé au moins partiellement de matière ferromagnétique.
EP81104307A 1980-06-11 1981-06-04 Interrupteur automatique Expired EP0042113B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT81104307T ATE16965T1 (de) 1980-06-11 1981-06-04 Selbstschalter.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19803021867 DE3021867A1 (de) 1980-06-11 1980-06-11 Selbstschalter
DE3021867 1980-06-11

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0042113A2 EP0042113A2 (fr) 1981-12-23
EP0042113A3 EP0042113A3 (en) 1982-05-12
EP0042113B1 true EP0042113B1 (fr) 1985-12-11

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ID=6104345

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EP81104307A Expired EP0042113B1 (fr) 1980-06-11 1981-06-04 Interrupteur automatique

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Country Link
US (1) US4417222A (fr)
EP (1) EP0042113B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS5727528A (fr)
AT (1) ATE16965T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3021867A1 (fr)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5727528A (en) 1982-02-13
JPS64778B2 (fr) 1989-01-09
DE3021867A1 (de) 1981-12-17
EP0042113A3 (en) 1982-05-12
DE3021867C2 (fr) 1989-01-12
US4417222A (en) 1983-11-22
EP0042113A2 (fr) 1981-12-23
ATE16965T1 (de) 1985-12-15

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