EP0040871B1 - Schiffsgeschütz zur Bekämpfung von Zielen in der Luft - Google Patents

Schiffsgeschütz zur Bekämpfung von Zielen in der Luft Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0040871B1
EP0040871B1 EP81200497A EP81200497A EP0040871B1 EP 0040871 B1 EP0040871 B1 EP 0040871B1 EP 81200497 A EP81200497 A EP 81200497A EP 81200497 A EP81200497 A EP 81200497A EP 0040871 B1 EP0040871 B1 EP 0040871B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
weapon
axis
firing weapon
elevation
azimuth
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP81200497A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0040871A3 (en
EP0040871A2 (de
Inventor
Jean-Michel Schaulin
Robert Gantin
Yäsar Kanat
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rheinmetall Air Defence AG
Original Assignee
Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik Oerlikon Buhrle AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik Oerlikon Buhrle AG filed Critical Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik Oerlikon Buhrle AG
Publication of EP0040871A2 publication Critical patent/EP0040871A2/de
Publication of EP0040871A3 publication Critical patent/EP0040871A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0040871B1 publication Critical patent/EP0040871B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A23/00—Gun mountings, e.g. on vehicles; Disposition of guns on vehicles
    • F41A23/24—Turret gun mountings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A27/00—Gun mountings permitting traversing or elevating movement, e.g. gun carriages
    • F41A27/02—Control systems for preventing interference between the moving gun and the adjacent structure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A27/00—Gun mountings permitting traversing or elevating movement, e.g. gun carriages
    • F41A27/06—Mechanical systems
    • F41A27/08—Bearings, e.g. trunnions; Brakes or blocking arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A9/00—Feeding or loading of ammunition; Magazines; Guiding means for the extracting of cartridges
    • F41A9/35—Feeding multibarrel guns
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A9/00—Feeding or loading of ammunition; Magazines; Guiding means for the extracting of cartridges
    • F41A9/54—Cartridge guides, stops or positioners, e.g. for cartridge extraction

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a ship gun for combating targets in the air, in the zenith and on the horizon, with an azimuth alignment axis and an elevation alignment axis, the weapon being pivoted about the elevation alignment axis on a support device which is mounted around a single bearing around the azimuth alignment axis on a base is pivotally mounted, and the azimuth alignment axis is inclined relative to a vertical by a certain angle.
  • a known gun of this type (see French additional patent specification 23 851) describes a device for mounting the firearm in which the weapon can be pivoted about a horizontal elevation direction axis and about an inclined azimuth direction axis. With this known weapon, however, the problem of supplying cartridges, in particular supplying cartridge belts, is in no way solved.
  • the present invention aims to avoid the disadvantages of these known guns and to provide a ship gun that is suitable for fighting targets in the zenith and in which the ammunition can be strapped to the firearm from stationary drum magazines.
  • the naval gun 10 according to the invention for combating air targets has four weapon barrels 11, 12, 13 and 14 which are fastened in parallel to one another on a carrier 15.
  • the carrier 15 is mounted with the four weapon tubes 11-14 so as to be pivotable about a horizontal elevation axis 16 on two supports 17 and 18.
  • the two supports 17 and 18 are fastened on a disc 19 which is rotatable about an azimuth axis 20 on a wedge-shaped Base 21 is mounted.
  • the azimuth axis is inclined at an angle of approximately 35 ° with respect to a vertical axis 22, as can be seen in particular from FIG. 1.
  • the wedge-shaped base 21 is attached to a ship deck 23 of a ship, not shown in the drawing.
  • drum magazines 24-27 below the ship deck 23 are four drum magazines 24-27, as can be seen in particular from FIG. 4.
  • a belt channel 29 leads from each drum magazine via an auxiliary drive 28 to one of the four weapon tubes 11-14.
  • the drum magazines 24-27 are fixed in the tower and do not follow the rotation of the weapons around the azimuth axis or the elevation movement.
  • Each drum magazine 24-27 is, as can be seen in particular from FIG. 5, divided into twelve compartments 30.
  • each compartment 30 there is a belt loop 31 with 21 cartridges.
  • the drum magazine contains 252 cartridges, and there are 1008 cartridges in the four drum magazines.
  • the drum magazine rotates about a vertical axis 32, the compartment 30 to be emptied in each case being located exactly below the auxiliary drive 28.
  • the belt 33 passes from the auxiliary drive 28 via a deflection loop 34 and a length compensation loop 35 to a central column 36.
  • the belt 33 is fed to the firearm in the belt channel 29.
  • the column 36 has a kink at its upper end, as can be seen in particular from FIG.
  • each of these cages 38-41 has four rails 42-45, which are shown in cross section in FIG. 7 and which serve to guide the belt channels 29 (FIG. 1).
  • the cages 38-41 are secured against axial displacement on the column 36.
  • the position of the cartridges guided in the belt channels is indicated by four arrows 46.
  • 6, only one rail 42 of each of the cages 38-41 is shown.
  • Each cage 38-41 consists of an upper and a lower ring. These rings are held together by the four rails 42-45.
  • the four rails 42-45 are not evenly distributed on the circumference of the column 36.
  • the bottom cage 38 is limited in its rotation about the column 36 by two stops 55. These stops allow the bottom cage 38 with the four rails 42-45 to be rotated from the starting position by 52 ° in each of the two directions of rotation.
  • the second and third cages 39 and 40 are also limited in their rotation about the column 36 by stops 56 and 57 in the same way as the first cage 38.
  • the stops 56 allow the second cage 39 with the four rails 42-45 to be rotated from the starting position by 102 ° in both directions of rotation
  • the stops 57 allow the third cage 40 with the four rails 42-45 to be rotated from the starting position 152 ° each in both directions of rotation.
  • This different arrangement of the stops 55, 56 and 57 ensures that when the gun 10 rotates from its starting position in both directions of rotation by 200 ° in each case, the belt channels 29 wind around the column 36 in a uniform helical line, with the belt channels 29 winding during this around the column 36, the helical rail 47 raises or lowers the belt channels 29 in order to ensure the length compensation of the belt channels that is required due to the kinking of the column 36.
  • the cartridge belt 33 guided in the belt channel 29 along the central column 36 through an opening in the deck 23 to the gun 10 reaches a second auxiliary drive 58 and from there via a second length compensation loop 59 to a belt channel section 60 which is directed at right angles to the firearm 61 is from the in 11 only a rectangular cross section can be seen.
  • This belt channel section 60 is elastic and is subjected to pure torsion during the elevation of the weapon 61 about the elevation axis 16. So that the belt channel section 60 can be made as short as possible, only part of the elevation will cause torsion of the belt channel section 60, the remaining part of the elevation will cause a curvature of the adjacent belt channel section 62.
  • This belt channel section which is referred to below as an elastic belt channel 60, has, according to FIGS. 12, 13 and 14, two identical end members 63 and 64, of which one end member 63 is fastened to the firearm 61 according to FIG. 11 and the elevation movement is complete participates.
  • the other end member 64 is rotatably supported in FIG. 11 in the support 18 of the firearm and only partially takes part in the elevation movement.
  • These two end links 63 and 64 of the elastic belt channel 60 are always parallel to one another and the part of the elastic belt channel 60 located between the two end links 63 and 64 is subjected to pure torsion.
  • This part of the belt channel 60 located between the two end members 63, 64 consists of a number of intermediate members 65.
  • the two end members 63 and 64 each consist of a rigid frame which completely surrounds the cartridges.
  • This rigid frame has bores 66 and 67 on both ends with which the frame can be attached to the firearm 61 or the support 18, and on the other hand this frame has two tabs 69 on its two longitudinal legs 68, which are fastened with screws 70 are attached to the longitudinal legs 68.
  • These tabs 69 serve to clamp helical springs 71 which extend over the entire length of the belt channel 60. The ends of these coil springs are attached on the one hand to the left end member 63 and on the other hand to the right end member 64.
  • the intermediate links according to FIG. 14 are constructed from two frame parts 74 and 75, which are pivotally connected to one another by a rod 76.
  • the two coil springs 71 and the further coil springs 73 are fastened to the upper frame part 74 by means of three tabs 77 and 78.
  • the coil springs 71 are also fastened to the lower frame part 75 by means of two tabs 79.
  • each cartridge 80 is guided laterally by the four coil springs 71 and is supported with its sleeve bottom on the coil springs 73.
  • the cartridges 80 are held in belt members 81. These belt members 81 each have a nose 82, which is also supported on one of the coil springs 71.
  • the firearm 61 can be raised from a mean elevation of 55 ° by 70 ° downwards and by 70 ° upwards.
  • the deck 23 with the base 21 and the disk 19 on which the support 18 is fastened are indicated in FIG.
  • the firearm 61 can be pivoted about the elevation axis 16.
  • the two end members 63 of two elastic belt channels 60 (FIG. 12) are shown schematically in FIG. 15, which are arranged above and below a torsion axis 84 which is offset from the elevation axis for constructional reasons, which are not to be explained here .
  • Cartridges 80 pass through the lower end link 63 to the lower gun barrel 14 and cartridges 80 pass through the upper end link 63 to the upper gun barrel 13.
  • These two end links 63 are fastened to the firearm 61 and therefore take part in the elevation movement of the firearm 61, i.e. they are always parallel to the weapon axis 85.
  • FIG. 16 shows the two other end members 64 of the elastic belt channel 60 (FIG. 12); the adjacent belt channels 62 are fastened to these end members 64 (see FIG. 11). For the rest, the same parts as in FIG. 15 are shown in FIG. 16.
  • the end links 64 are also indicated parallel to the weapon axis 85 according to FIG. 16, just like the other end links 63 in FIG. 15.
  • the elastic belt channel is thus in the middle Elevation of 55 ° of firearm 61 is not subjected to torsion. As indicated in FIG. 16, the weapon can now be raised 40 ° up and down, without the end members 64 of the elastic belt channel 60 having to pivot.
  • the firearm 61 has been raised down from its mean elevation of 55 ° by -40 °.
  • the end members 63 of the elastic belt channel 60 (FIG. 12) are now inclined according to FIG. 17 by + 15 ° relative to the horizon and according to FIG. 18 the other end members 64 of the elastic belt channel 60 are inclined unchanged by 55 ° relative to the horizon.
  • the elastic belt channel is subjected to a torsion of 40 ° in the counterclockwise direction.
  • the axis 84 has been pivoted about -40 ° around the elevation axis 16 during this elevation of the weapon and is now higher than the elevation axis 16 by the amount A.
  • the adjacent belt channel 62 has been raised and the loop 59 has been reduced.
  • the firearm 61 has been raised up from its mean elevation of 55 ° by + 40 °.
  • the end members 63 of the elastic belt channel 60 (FIG. 12) are now inclined by 95 ° relative to the horizon according to FIG. 19 and according to FIG. 20, the other end members 64 of the elastic belt channel are inclined unchanged by 55 ° with respect to the horizon.
  • the elastic belt channel 60 is subjected to a torsion of 40 ° in the clockwise direction.
  • the axis 84 has been pivoted around the elevation axis 16 by + 40 ° during this elevation of the weapon and is now lower by an amount A than the elevation axis 16.
  • the adjacent belt channel 62 has been lowered and the loop 59 has been enlarged.
  • the firearm 61 has been raised down from its mean elevation of 55 ° by -70 °.
  • the end links 63 of the elastic belt channel 60 (FIG. 12) are inclined according to FIG. 21 by -15 ° with respect to the horizon and according to FIG. 22 the other end links 64 of the elastic belt channel 60 have also been pivoted by -30 ° and are thus opposite inclined to the horizon by + 25 °.
  • the elastic belt channel 60 is subjected to a torsion of 40 ° in the counterclockwise direction. 22, the axis 84 has been pivoted about the elevation axis 16 during this elevation of the weapon and is now higher than the elevation axis 16 by the amount A.
  • the adjacent belt channel 62 has been raised and the loop 59 has been reduced.
  • the firearm 61 has been raised upwards from its mean elevation of + 55 ° by + 70 °.
  • the end members 63 of the elastic belt duct 60 (FIG. 12) are inclined according to FIG. 23 by 125 ° relative to the horizon and according to FIG. 24 the other end members 64 of the elastic belt duct 60 have also been pivoted by + 30 ° and are thus opposite to the Horizon inclined by + 85 °.
  • the elastic belt channel 60 is stressed clockwise to a torsion of 40 °. 24, the axis 84 has been pivoted about the elevation axis 16 during this elevation of the weapon 61 and is now lower than the elevation axis by the amount A.
  • the adjacent belt channel 62 was lowered and the loop 59 enlarged.
  • a fixed wedge-shaped belt channel piece 86 is arranged at the upper end of the belt channel 62 and in front of the end member 64 of the belt channel 60.
  • cooling pipes 87-90 are arranged around the gun barrels 11-14, which on the one hand contribute to stiffening the gun barrels 11-14 and on the other hand ensure uniform cooling on all sides and over the entire circumference of the gun barrels.
  • the cooling air is supplied by a fan, not shown, via two tubes 91 and 92 from above or from below to the weapon tubes 11-14. So that the cooling air can get from the tubes 91 and 92 into the cooling tubes 87-90 without greater resistance, cylindrical extensions 93 are attached to the cooling tubes 87-90.
  • the cooling air can escape into the atmosphere again at the front end 94 of the cooling tubes 87-90 by means of non-return flaps, which are not shown.
  • the cooling tubes 87-90 are not arranged to move backwards.
  • One end of a bellows 95, the other end of which is attached to the weapon 61, is therefore attached to the rear end of each cooling tube 87-90.
  • the weapon 61 can thus move relative to the cooling tubes 87-90 without cooling air being able to escape from the cooling tubes 87-90 at the rear.
  • the elevation of the cannon is also from the azimuth, i.e. dependent on the pivoting movement about the azimuth axis 20.
  • the weapon is pivoted from the position shown in FIG. 1 by 180 ° about the azimuth axis 20, then the elevation will decrease from -15 ° to -85 °.
  • the weapon would then be aimed against the ship deck 23 or against superstructures on the ship, which is not permitted.
  • a stop is therefore necessary which limits the elevation downwards.
  • Such a stop must be adjustable as a function of the azimuth angle.
  • the weapon is mounted in a bearing ring 96 so as to be elevatable about the elevation axis 16.
  • a threaded spindle 97 is rotatably mounted tangentially on this bearing ring.
  • the spherical nut 98 is located in a housing 99, which is guided on an arcuate path 100 concentrically to the elevation axis 16.
  • a stop 101 is attached to this housing, which limits the elevation of the firearm downwards. This stop 101, which moves on an arc of a circle, interacts with a corresponding stop, not shown, on the firearm.
  • the spindle 97 is drive-connected to a shaft 103 via a gear 102.
  • the shaft 103 is drive-connected to a pinion 106 via further gears 104 and 105 (FIG. 28).
  • the pinion 106 is in engagement with a ring gear 107 which is fastened to the firearm and which is located in the disk 19 (FIG. 1) and makes the rotation of the weapon about the azimuth axis 20 (FIG. 1).
  • the weapon can be pivoted from the starting position according to FIG. 1 both clockwise and counterclockwise about the azimuth axis 20 by 180 °.
  • the stop 101 must be shifted from the position 1011 to the position 101 5 via the toothed ring 107, pinion 106, the gear 105 and 104, the shaft 103, the gear 102 and the threaded spindle 97 will.
  • There is therefore a changeover device in the transmission 102 so that the threaded spindle 97 always rotates in the same sense, regardless of whether the Ge Protect and thus the ring gear 107 can be rotated clockwise or counterclockwise.
  • Such a reversing gear is assumed to be known and is therefore not described in detail here.
  • FIG. 29 shows another exemplary embodiment for the displacement of the stop 101 (FIG. 27), in which the switching device mentioned is not required.
  • the sprocket 107 attached to the gun 10 drives a pinion 108 when the gun 10 is pivoted about the azimuth axis 20 (FIG. 1).
  • This pinion is attached to a shaft 109.
  • This worm wheel 111 has an eccentrically mounted pin 112 which is guided in a rail 113.
  • a piston rod 114 is attached to the rail 113.
  • the nut 98 shown in FIG. 27 is fastened to this rod 114.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
EP81200497A 1980-05-23 1981-05-11 Schiffsgeschütz zur Bekämpfung von Zielen in der Luft Expired EP0040871B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH403780 1980-05-23
CH4037/80 1980-05-23

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0040871A2 EP0040871A2 (de) 1981-12-02
EP0040871A3 EP0040871A3 (en) 1982-04-21
EP0040871B1 true EP0040871B1 (de) 1984-10-24

Family

ID=4268628

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81200497A Expired EP0040871B1 (de) 1980-05-23 1981-05-11 Schiffsgeschütz zur Bekämpfung von Zielen in der Luft

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (2) US4469005A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
EP (1) EP0040871B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS5716800A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA1157301A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE3166793D1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
IL (1) IL62878A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NO (1) NO153349C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Families Citing this family (19)

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US4503750A (en) * 1983-01-10 1985-03-12 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Ammunition magazine
GB8807714D0 (en) * 1988-03-31 1988-05-05 Lucas Ind Plc Flexible ammunition chuting
FR2662788B1 (fr) * 1990-05-31 1994-08-12 France Etat Armement Montage de tourelle et de son systeme d'observation deporte, sans angle mort.
SE506417C2 (sv) * 1992-11-26 1997-12-15 Bofors Ab Granatkastare
US6308610B1 (en) * 1998-10-15 2001-10-30 Ronald S. Deichmann Liquid cannon having trunnion assembly
CH693687A5 (de) 1999-06-10 2003-12-15 Contraves Ag Lafette, Abschussvorrichtung mit einer Abschussrohranordnung und einer Lafette, Munitionsbehälter für eine Lafette mit Abschussrohranordnung und Verwendung der Abschussvorrichtung.
FR2873194B1 (fr) * 2004-07-16 2007-11-23 Giat Ind Sa Dispositif de tir de projectiles
US7908957B1 (en) * 2008-07-08 2011-03-22 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Synchronized weapon and ammunition container apparatus
IL200036A (en) * 2009-07-23 2015-02-26 Rafael Advanced Defense Sys A system and method for protecting a remote controlled weapon position
SA115360300B1 (ar) 2014-02-14 2017-08-29 ميريل افياشين، انك. نظام منصة سلاح نموذجية
EP3458802B1 (en) 2016-05-17 2021-07-28 Saab AB Magazine and cartridge
US10696401B2 (en) 2016-05-17 2020-06-30 Saab Ab Countermeasure dispenser with variable spoiler and method for launching a countermeasure
PL3458801T3 (pl) 2016-05-17 2022-01-10 Saab Ab Magazyn, nabój i sposób zmiennej gęstości wiązki pocisków dla środka przeciwdziałania
WO2017200460A1 (en) * 2016-05-17 2017-11-23 Saab Ab Device and method for firing direction limitation and a countermeasure arrangement
WO2017200454A1 (en) 2016-05-17 2017-11-23 Saab Ab Magazine and method for launching countermeasures
SE1651465A1 (en) * 2016-05-17 2017-11-18 Saab Ab Firing direction limitation device
SE543680C2 (en) * 2019-10-15 2021-06-01 Bae Systems Haegglunds Ab Arrangement for feeding ammunition to a weapon
RU2754236C1 (ru) * 2020-08-11 2021-08-30 Открытое акционерное общество "Машиностроительный завод "АРСЕНАЛ" Магазин боеприпасов корабельной артиллерийской установки

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US4469005A (en) * 1980-05-23 1984-09-04 Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik Oerlikon-Buhrie AG Marine firing weapon for fighting airborne targets, especially in zenith

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3166793D1 (en) 1984-11-29
JPS631519B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1988-01-13
NO153349C (no) 1986-02-26
CA1157301A (en) 1983-11-22
US4674393A (en) 1987-06-23
EP0040871A3 (en) 1982-04-21
US4469005A (en) 1984-09-04
IL62878A (en) 1985-11-29
NO811754L (no) 1981-11-24
NO153349B (no) 1985-11-18
EP0040871A2 (de) 1981-12-02
JPS5716800A (en) 1982-01-28

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