EP0015386B1 - Vorrichtung zum Einhüllen von Gegenständen, insbesondere Zigaretten-Gruppen - Google Patents
Vorrichtung zum Einhüllen von Gegenständen, insbesondere Zigaretten-Gruppen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0015386B1 EP0015386B1 EP80100527A EP80100527A EP0015386B1 EP 0015386 B1 EP0015386 B1 EP 0015386B1 EP 80100527 A EP80100527 A EP 80100527A EP 80100527 A EP80100527 A EP 80100527A EP 0015386 B1 EP0015386 B1 EP 0015386B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- blank
- suction
- mouthpiece
- roller
- cigarette group
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 title claims description 71
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 11
- 206010040954 Skin wrinkling Diseases 0.000 description 7
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 210000003813 thumb Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000298 Cellophane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000295146 Gallionellaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000018999 crinkle Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006280 packaging film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012785 packaging film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
- B65B19/00—Packaging rod-shaped or tubular articles susceptible to damage by abrasion or pressure, e.g. cigarettes, cigars, macaroni, spaghetti, drinking straws or welding electrodes
- B65B19/02—Packaging cigarettes
- B65B19/22—Wrapping the cigarettes; Packaging the cigarettes in containers formed by folding wrapping material around formers
- B65B19/228—Preparing and feeding blanks
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for wrapping objects, in particular cigarette groups, in a blank made of packaging material, this at least on two lateral edge areas by endless conveyors in the form of two suction disks which are rotatably mounted next to the movement path of the objects in a plane transverse to the transport direction of the Held object and can be put around the object by pulling the suction disks out of a U-shape.
- the subject of the present invention is the packaging of objects which are particularly sensitive to mechanical stresses, e.g. Groups of cigarettes intended for one pack of cigarettes.
- the cigarettes to be packaged are wrapped in groups in such a way that a blank held in one plane transverse to the transport path of the cigarettes is placed in a U-shape by the relative movement of the cigarette group around an end face of the group lying forward in the transport direction.
- the main aim is to keep the cut in question in an exact relative position and, despite the high performance of the machine, that is to say despite the high conveying speed of the cigarette group, to place it precisely and wrinkle-free.
- This support should also be provided for critical packaging material which, due to its low rigidity, cannot be processed properly without constant positive guidance.
- DE-C-575 899 discloses a device of the type mentioned at the outset, this device also being suitable for processing, for example, thin and therefore critical packaging material.
- this device has been shown that in the known device the individual casings of the cigarette group are exposed to high mechanical loads, especially during the phase of the takeover of the blank by the front end of the cigarette group and when the blank is subsequently pulled off the suction discs. During this initial phase, the holding force exerted on the blank by the suction disks is inevitably greatest. However, this problem does not play a major role in the known solution, since the cigarette groups are already packaged before being wrapped, and the loads that occur can thus be absorbed without further ado.
- DE-C-575 899 describes a device on cigarette packaging machines with which the cigarettes to be packaged are guided through a reciprocating mouthpiece-like guide against a blank of packaging material that is vertically downward in the path of movement of the packaged Cigarettes hanging.
- a reciprocating mouthpiece-like guide against a blank of packaging material that is vertically downward in the path of movement of the packaged Cigarettes hanging.
- the front side of the mouthpiece protrudes slightly above the front end face of the cigarettes to be wrapped. The mouthpiece therefore comes into contact with the blank made of packaging material before the cigarettes to be packaged.
- DE-C-575899 therefore describes a classic mouthpiece as has been used in the packaging industry for decades. This mouthpiece offers edge protection for the cigarettes to be packaged.
- a device for cutting off desired lengths from an uninterrupted web of wrapping material wherein a rotating knife is arranged in a suction drum that receives the web, which together with a fixed knife outside the suction drum works.
- the cut blank is then picked up by an endless conveyor belt system and conveyed into the movement path of cigarette packs to be wrapped.
- a fixation of the cut blanks in the movement path of the objects to be packaged and a mouthpiece protecting the objects to be packaged are completely lacking in the known solution, so that an exact and wrinkle-free laying down of the cut blanks around the objects to be packaged is not guaranteed. This applies in particular when critical packaging material is to be used, for example a thin and crease-prone cellophane film.
- the present invention has for its object to provide a device of the type mentioned, which allows wrinkle-free wrapping of objects sensitive to mechanical loads, especially unpacked groups of cigarettes, even then , if crinkle-sensitive material is used as packaging material.
- the cigarette group is accommodated in a mouthpiece arranged between the suction disks in the plane of the movement path of the cigarette group, which ends flush on the front side of the cigarette group in the transport direction or slightly protrudes and through which the blank can be lifted off or detached from the suction disks at least during an initial phase of the wrapping process.
- the cigarette group is temporarily accommodated in the mouthpiece, which protects the cigarette group against the mechanical stresses caused by the cut taken over by the suction disks.
- the suction discs ensure that the blanks are always kept in an exact relative position, so that exact and wrinkle-free envelopes are guaranteed even at high working speeds. It has been shown that this also applies to critical packaging material which, due to its low rigidity, cannot be processed properly without constant positive guidance. Finally, continuous operation is possible with the device designed according to the invention, as a result of which higher working speeds can be achieved.
- the mouthpiece preferably enclosing the cigarette group practically completely in cross section is provided with sharpened edges on the front receiving the blank.
- the suction disks have a plurality of groups of suction bores distributed along the circumference. These only capture the cut in certain critical areas. After the cut has been taken over by the mouthpiece and subsequently by the cigarette group, the suction bores are switched off and vented from the negative pressure sources, so that the cut can subsequently be put around the cigarette group without any retention force by the suction disks, while the latter is in a subsequent mouthpiece-like one Recording, namely entering a packaging line.
- the construction according to the invention enables the blanks to be fed very precisely at a high working speed. Nevertheless, the cut is handed over to the cigarette groups gently, without undue stress on them.
- the present exemplary embodiment relates to the wrapping of cigarette groups 10. These are continuously fed at intervals from one another and in the longitudinal direction of the cigarettes on a packaging web 11. This is designed so that the as yet unpacked cigarette groups 10 are kept in the group formation.
- the packing track is designed with an upper wall, lower wall and side boundaries.
- the cigarette groups 10 are transported here by an endless conveyor in the form of a chain conveyor 12.
- the catches 13 enter the packaging line 11.
- the lower wall is formed with a longitudinal slot for the passage of a web of the drivers 13.
- the cigarette group 10 is to be wrapped in a blank 14 in such a way that it is placed in a U-shape around the front end 15 in the transport direction.
- laterally projecting side tabs of the blank 14 are pre-folded in the region of the end face 15.
- the blanks 14 are separated from a continuous web 16 of packaging material by a separating device 17.
- a separating device 17 One equipped with suction bores and one with a sub knife roller 18 pressurized transfers the cut blanks 14 to an endless conveyor in the form of two coaxially spaced suction disks 19 and 20. These are provided along their circumferential surface 21 receiving the blank 14 with suction openings, namely groups of suction bores 22 and 23a, 23b or suction slits .
- Negative pressure is applied to these with special control, such that the blank 14 is held by the suction disks 19, 20 during its conveyance, but is then released, namely when it is taken over by the cigarette group 10.
- the suction disks 19, 20 are arranged at such a distance from one another that the cigarette group 10 can be passed between the suction disks 19 and 20.
- the blank 14 On the side opposite the entrance, the blank 14 is kept ready in such a way that in the present case a central area of the same system on the end face 15 of the cigarette group 10 is obtained.
- the chain conveyor 12 By further transporting them - carried out by the chain conveyor 12 - the cigarette group 10 with the blank 14 is inserted into a further packaging web 24.
- the packing web 24 is equipped with lateral guide means, namely folding thumbs 27 and 28. These come on the side surfaces of the cigarette group 10 to the system and also have the function of folding the protruding side tab against the cigarette group 10.
- the cigarette group 10 is received in a mouthpiece 29.
- this is designed as a housing which is open at both ends, that is to say with a top wall 30. Bottom wall 31 and side walls 32. 33.
- the cross section of the mouthpiece 29 is chosen such that the unwrapped Z : Ttten group 10 is fixed while observing the cigarette's position.
- the mouthpiece 29 is slidably mounted with an exact fit between the suction disks 19 and 20, in the present case exactly in the middle position with respect to the suction disks 19, 20.
- the passage of the mouthpiece 29 runs horizontally, namely in the height or in the extension of the packing web 11
- the side walls 32, 33 of the mouthpiece 29 are thin-walled in order to keep the distance between the cigarette group 10 and the suction disks 19, 20 small.
- the cigarette group 10 is introduced via a rear inlet opening 34 with a funnel-shaped design into the mouthpiece 29, namely through the driver 13 of the chain conveyor 12.
- the bottom wall 31 of the mouthpiece 29 is for this purpose with a slot 35 in the longitudinal direction for the passage the driver 13 or the webs of the same.
- the mouthpiece 29 can be moved back and forth in the conveying direction of the cigarette group 10.
- the mouthpiece 29 with support members 36 is slidably mounted on guide rods 38, which in the present case are arranged laterally outside of the packaging path 11.
- the mouthpiece 29 can be driven by a crank mechanism.
- the cigarette group 10 can also be moved relative to it during the movement stroke of the mouthpiece 29 in the conveying direction thereof.
- the movements are coordinated so that the mouthpiece 29 moved between the suction disks 19, 20 with a sharpened front edge 40 while the cigarette group 10 is still set back detects the blank 14 fixed by the suction disks 19, 20 and subtracts it from the latter when it moves further. 1 shows the moment when the blank 14 is taken over by the front edge 40 of the mouthpiece 29.
- FIG. 3 shows the starting position, in which the blank 14 is still in the phase of transport to the end position.
- the mouthpiece 29 is shown in the retracted position. Only when the blank 14 has reached a relative position in relation to the mouthpiece 29 or packing web 11, which corresponds approximately to that shown in FIG. 1, is it taken over by the mouthpiece 29 emerging from the area of the suction disks 19, 20 with the leading edge 40 the cigarette group 10 has been moved relative to the mouthpiece 29 in such a way that the cut 14, which has already been U-shaped, is taken over relatively shortly thereafter by the cigarette group 10 emerging from the mouthpiece 29.
- the part of the blank 14 which surrounds the front edge 40 of the mouthpiece 29 has already been introduced into the packaging web 24.
- the top wall 25 and bottom wall 26 are provided with a sharpened, funnel-shaped inlet edge 41.
- the aforementioned inlet edges 41 are arranged in the immediate vicinity of the circumference of the suction disks 19, 20, so that the mouthpiece 29 executes a relatively narrow stroke.
- the folded thumbs 27 and 28 rounded at the free end are set back in relation to the leading edges 41 in the present case.
- folding thumbs 27, 28 such that they can move - with a larger cut between the circumference of the suction disks 19, 20 on the one hand and the packing web 24 on the other - against the cigarette group 10 with the blank 14.
- the suction disks 19, 20 are provided with the first group of suction bores 22 - for example a row of suction bores lying side by side in the axial direction. This is arranged in such a way that an area of the blank 14 lying forward in the transport direction is taken over and fixed.
- the aforementioned suction bores 22 are acted upon by a ring line 42 which extend over a wide circumferential area of the suction disks 19, 20.
- the blank 14 is fixed by the suction holes 22. It is possible to release the area in front of the blank 14 before the end position is reached and it is taken over by the mouthpiece 29, so that the relevant part of the blank 14 sags downward in the sense of FIG. 1.
- the two other groups of suction bores 23a and 23b are arranged at a distance from one another and at a distance from the suction bores 22 such that when the blank 14 is reached they are in the position for transfer to the mouthpiece 29 on both sides thereof (position according to FIG. 1).
- the blank 14 is accordingly fixed during the takeover phase by the mouthpiece 29 and the cigarette group 10 directly on both sides of the mouthpiece 29, and only for a moment of the uninterrupted movement.
- the suction bores 23a lying in front in the circumferential direction are then in the region of a further ventilation bore 44, as a result of which the negative pressure in both groups of suction bores 23a, 23b drops, as a result of a connecting channel 45 between the suction bores 23a, 23b.
- the blank 14 is therefore completely free of restraining forces on the circumference of the suction disks 19, 20 at this moment.
- the ring line 42 and the ventilation bores 43 and 44 are formed by stationary, that is to say non-rotatable, air control rings 46 which are pressed against the outer surfaces of the suction disks 19, 20 by springs 47.
- the suction air is supplied with negative pressure via a central suction line 48 in a drive shaft 49 of the suction disks 19, 20 and via transversely or radially directed connecting lines 50, 51.
- the air control rings 46 are fixed by a rotation lock 52 to outer, fixed bearing cheeks 53.
- the air channels 54 and 55 for the suction bore 23a, 23b on the one hand and the air channel 56 for the suction bore 22 on the other are on different (imaginary) arcs.
- the shape of the ring line 42 is adapted accordingly and in the area of the takeover of the blank 14 - in FIGS. 1, 3 and 4 above - with a larger cross section in the radial direction. In this area, the suction bores 22 and the suction bores 23a, 23b are supplied by the common ring line 42. Outside the area of the widened cross section of the ring line 42, the suction bores 23a, 23b are separated from the vacuum source.
- the separating device 17 is also designed in a special way.
- the continuously rotating knife roller 18 is equipped with two separating knives 57 and 58.
- the separating knife 57 which protrudes beyond the circumference of the knife roller 18, interacts with a stationary counter knife 59.
- the separating cut for separating the blank 14 from the subsequent web 16 is carried out in this area.
- the separating knife 58 is somewhat reset. It works together with a correspondingly protruding counterpart, namely in the present case with a counter roller 60 which rotates through a carrier roller 61.
- the movements of the knife roller 18 and the carrier roller 61 are coordinated.
- the rotatable counter roller 60 protrudes beyond the circumference of the carrier roller 61, which in turn is at a distance from the circumference of the knife roller 18, in such a way that the projecting separating knife 57 can run past the circumference of the carrier roller 61 with a sufficient distance.
- the separating knife 58 and counter roller 60 perform a perforation cut in the blank 14, specifically to delimit a flap.
- the relative position is such that first the separating cut in the area of the separating knife 57 and counter knife 59 and then the perforation cut in the area of the separating knife 58 and the counter roller 60 are carried out.
- the knife roller 18 rotates at a somewhat higher speed than the feed speed of the web 16.
- the suction rollers 19, 20 rotating at the same speed have a somewhat lower speed than the cigarette group 10.
- the knife roller 18 is provided with suction bores 62 and 63, the air channels 64 and 65 of which likewise lie on different orbits and are therefore acted upon differently by a common ring line 66 formed with a non-uniform cross section. Due to the larger number of suction bores 62 distributed along the circumference, the blanks 14 or the web 16 are only fixed along a relatively small circumferential section - predetermined by a radially inward widening of the cross section of the ring line 66 - while a single group of bores 63 each fixed a front area of the web 16 or the blank 14 from the takeover to the delivery to the suction disks 19, 20. The end of this holding force is in the lower one Area formed vent hole 67 determined. The construction and design and supply of the suction bores 62 and 63 are carried out in an analogous manner to the suction disks 19, 20.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Wrapping Of Specific Fragile Articles (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19792906204 DE2906204A1 (de) | 1979-02-17 | 1979-02-17 | Vorrichtung zum einhuellen von gegenstaenden, insbesondere zigaretten- gruppen |
DE2906204 | 1979-02-17 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0015386A1 EP0015386A1 (de) | 1980-09-17 |
EP0015386B1 true EP0015386B1 (de) | 1982-02-24 |
Family
ID=6063230
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP80100527A Expired EP0015386B1 (de) | 1979-02-17 | 1980-02-02 | Vorrichtung zum Einhüllen von Gegenständen, insbesondere Zigaretten-Gruppen |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4351142A (ja) |
EP (1) | EP0015386B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JPS55114278A (ja) |
BR (1) | BR8000997A (ja) |
DE (2) | DE2906204A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (22)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5938210U (ja) * | 1982-09-06 | 1984-03-10 | 東京書藉印刷株式会社 | 上当紙給紙装置 |
DE3241636A1 (de) * | 1982-11-11 | 1984-05-17 | Focke & Co, 2810 Verden | Vorrichtung zum herstellen von verpackungszuschnitten |
IT1195412B (it) * | 1983-08-08 | 1988-10-19 | Azionaria Costruzioni Acma Spa | Dispositivo di ricezione e trasferimento di corpi del tipo dei saponi per macchine incartatrici degli stessi corpi |
DE3348487C2 (de) * | 1983-09-14 | 1998-05-20 | Focke & Co | Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Großpackungen |
DE3340408A1 (de) * | 1983-11-09 | 1985-05-15 | Focke & Co, 2810 Verden | Vorrichtung zum einhuellen von gegenstaenden, insbesondere zigaretten-gruppen |
JPS61142109A (ja) * | 1984-11-30 | 1986-06-30 | 株式会社 フジパツクシステム | 包装機における包装用フィルム折込装置及びその方法 |
DE3545884C2 (de) * | 1985-12-23 | 1998-10-22 | Focke & Co | Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von (Zigaretten-) Packungen aus mindestens einem faltbaren Zuschnitt |
DE3728716C2 (de) * | 1987-08-28 | 1999-10-07 | Focke & Co | Verfahren zum Einhüllen von quaderförmigen Gegenständen, insbesondere Zigaretten-Packungen sowie Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens |
US5179817A (en) * | 1990-08-15 | 1993-01-19 | Philip Morris Incorporated | Method where exposed foil on top of cigarette bundle is flat with no apparent folds |
DE4225452A1 (de) * | 1991-08-01 | 1993-02-04 | Molins Plc | Umhuellungsverfahren und -maschine |
US5187922A (en) * | 1992-04-08 | 1993-02-23 | Quad/Tech, Inc. | Apparatus and method for transferring signatures to a wrapping machine |
ITBO940213A1 (it) * | 1994-05-16 | 1995-11-16 | Gd Spa | Metodo per la realizzazione di stecche di sigarette con involucro rigido del tipo a coperchio incernierato. |
IT1268325B1 (it) * | 1994-08-05 | 1997-02-27 | Sasib Spa | Macchina impacchettatrice per oggetti astiformi delicati, in particolare per sigarette, o simili. |
DE19644079A1 (de) * | 1996-10-31 | 1998-05-07 | Focke & Co | Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Verpackungen aus dünnem Verpackungsmaterial |
DE19721144B4 (de) * | 1997-05-21 | 2006-04-20 | Focke & Co.(Gmbh & Co. Kg) | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Handhaben von Zuschnitten |
IT1320919B1 (it) * | 2000-03-14 | 2003-12-10 | Resta Srl | Macchina confezionatrice di materassi in un foglio svolto in continuoda una bobina. |
ITBO20010440A1 (it) * | 2001-07-13 | 2003-01-13 | Azionaria Costruzioni Automati | Metodo ed unita' per l'incarto di caramelle |
DE102004012642A1 (de) * | 2004-03-12 | 2005-10-13 | Hauni Maschinenbau Ag | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Verpackung von Produkten der Tabak verarbeitenden Industrie |
ITBO20040201A1 (it) * | 2004-04-08 | 2004-07-08 | Gd Spa | Unita' per l'alimentazione ed il taglio in spezzoni di un nastro di materiale di incarto |
ITBO20050275A1 (it) * | 2005-04-22 | 2005-07-22 | Gd Spa | Macchina sovraincartatrice per pacchetti di sigarette |
DE102011114522A1 (de) * | 2011-09-29 | 2013-04-04 | Focke & Co. (Gmbh & Co. Kg) | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen einer Verpackung für eine Gruppe rauchbarer Artikel |
JP6771011B2 (ja) * | 2018-09-27 | 2020-10-21 | 台達電子工業股▲ふん▼有限公司Delta Electronics, Inc. | 電子素子安定装置及びそれを適用する外観検測装置 |
Family Cites Families (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1320038A (en) * | 1919-10-28 | de escobales | ||
AT140333B (de) * | 1933-01-04 | 1935-01-25 | Muller J C & Co | Einrichtung zur Herstellung von Zigarettenpäckchen. |
US1110125A (en) * | 1913-10-18 | 1914-09-08 | Package Machinery Co | Packaging-machine. |
DE575899C (de) * | 1931-12-09 | 1933-05-04 | Muller J C & Co | Einrichtung an Packmaschinen, insbesondere fuer Zigaretten |
US2100739A (en) * | 1936-03-20 | 1937-11-30 | Shellmar Products Co | Container machine |
US2215073A (en) * | 1939-02-13 | 1940-09-17 | Garden City Envelope Co | Sheet mutilating apparatus |
US3075325A (en) * | 1959-12-08 | 1963-01-29 | Hauni Werke Koerber & Co Kg | Method and apparatus for feeding wrapping material into a wrapping machine |
GB1037261A (en) * | 1962-03-08 | 1966-07-27 | Derek Henry Youngman | Improvements in or relating to the cutting of desired lengths from a web of wrapper material |
DE1235217B (de) * | 1962-06-08 | 1967-02-23 | Alfred Schmermund | Packmaschine, insbesondere Zigarettenpackmaschine |
GB1094351A (en) * | 1964-06-04 | 1967-12-13 | Schmermund Alfred | Improvements in or relating to wrapping machines |
US3347119A (en) * | 1965-03-10 | 1967-10-17 | Harris Intertype Corp | Cutting method and apparatus |
US3739545A (en) * | 1971-05-19 | 1973-06-19 | Emhart Corp | Method and apparatus for packaging articles |
US3983578A (en) * | 1974-07-01 | 1976-09-28 | International Business Machines Corporation | Ticket information recording and web parting mechanism |
GB1569124A (en) * | 1976-02-05 | 1980-06-11 | Molins Ltd | Production of two-piece wrappers |
-
1979
- 1979-02-17 DE DE19792906204 patent/DE2906204A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1980
- 1980-02-02 EP EP80100527A patent/EP0015386B1/de not_active Expired
- 1980-02-02 DE DE8080100527T patent/DE3060205D1/de not_active Expired
- 1980-02-14 JP JP1608580A patent/JPS55114278A/ja active Granted
- 1980-02-15 US US06/121,856 patent/US4351142A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1980-02-15 BR BR8000997A patent/BR8000997A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US4351142A (en) | 1982-09-28 |
JPS5725195B2 (ja) | 1982-05-28 |
DE2906204A1 (de) | 1980-09-04 |
BR8000997A (pt) | 1980-10-29 |
DE3060205D1 (en) | 1982-03-25 |
EP0015386A1 (de) | 1980-09-17 |
JPS55114278A (en) | 1980-09-03 |
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