DK162725B - Elektroviskos vaeske - Google Patents

Elektroviskos vaeske Download PDF

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Publication number
DK162725B
DK162725B DK495386A DK495386A DK162725B DK 162725 B DK162725 B DK 162725B DK 495386 A DK495386 A DK 495386A DK 495386 A DK495386 A DK 495386A DK 162725 B DK162725 B DK 162725B
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Prior art keywords
electro
viscous
functional
weight
aluminum silicate
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DK495386A
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English (en)
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DK495386D0 (da
DK495386A (da
DK162725C (da
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John Goossens
Guenter Oppermann
Wolfgang Grape
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Bayer Ag
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Description

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Opfindelsen angår elektroviskose suspensioner, som indeholder mere end 25 vægtprocent af et aluminium-silicat med et vandindhold på 1-25 vægtprocent som dispers fase og en elektrisk ikke-ledende hydrofob væske 5 som flydende fase samt et dispergeringsmiddel.
Elektroviskose væsker er dispersioner af findelte hydrofile faste stoffer i hydrofobe elektrisk ikke--ledende olier, hvis viskositet under indflydelse af et tilstrækkeligt stærkt elektrisk felt kan forøges meget 10 hurtigt og reversibelt fra flydende til plastisk eller fast tilstand. Til ændring af viskositeten kan der både benyttes elektrisk jævnstrømsfelter og vekselfelter.
De strømme, som derved løber gennem de elektroviskose væsker, er ekstremt lave. Derfor kan elektroviskose 15 væsker anvendes overalt, hvor overføring af store kræfter skal styres ved hjælp af ringe elektriske ydelser, f.eks. i koblinger, hydrauliske ventiler, støddæmpere, vibratorer eller anordninger til placering og fastholdelse af emner.
20 I almindelighed består de i praksis stillede krav i, at de elektroviskose væsker er flydende og kemisk bestandige i et temperaturområde fra ca. -50 til +150°C og udviser en tilstrækkelig elektroviskos effekt i i det mindste, et temperaturområde fra -30 til +110°c.
25 Det skal også være sikret, at de elektroviskose væsker forbliver stabile i et langt tidsrum, dvs. at der ikke finder nogen faseadskillelse sted og især ikke dannes noget vanskeligt redispergerbart sediment. Hvis de elektroviskose væsker kommer i kontakt med elastomere materi-30 aler, må de elektroviskose væsker ikke angribe eller kvælde disse.
Allerede i 1962 er der i US patentskrift nr.
3.047.507 blevet foreslået en hel række af stoffer som dispers fase til elektroviskose væsker. Derved nævnes 35 silicagel som foretrukket stof. Endvidere beskrives elek-viskose væsker på basis af silicagel-dispersioner i ikke- 2
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-ledende olier i GB patentskrift nr. 1.076.754, idet vandindholdet af silicagelpartiklerne og den måde, hvorpå dette vand er bundet, her anses for særlig kritisk med hensyn til elektroreaktiviteten af de elektroviskose 5 væsker. I nyere litteratur beskrives elektroviskose væsker på basis af forskellige typer af ionbytterpartik-ler (se f.eks. DE offentliggørelsesskrift nr. 2.530.694 og GB patentskrift nr. 1.570.234). I US patentskrift nr. 3.047.507 henvises der allerede til, at disse elek-10 troviskose væsker udviser elektroviskose effekter, der er sammenlignelige med de elektroviskose effekter af elektroviskose væsker på basis af silicagelpartikler. Partikelstørrelsen af ionpartiklerne skal ligge mellem 0,1 og 5 μιη. Dette medfører, at partiklerne sedimenteres.
15 For at undgå sedimentation af de forholdsvis store partikler tilpasses vægtfylden af den flydende fase til vægtfylden af den disperse fase. Denne vægtfyldetilpasning er imidlertid temperaturafhængig og er derfor ikke tilfredsstillende i praksis.
20 I US patentskrift nr. 3.367.872 beskrives som dispers fase aluminiumoxid og aluminiumsilicater, der kan indeholde indtil 95 vægtprocent siliciumdioxid.
Ved den foreliggende opfindelse gås der ud fra elektroviskose væsker, der er beskrevet i dansk patentansøgning 25 nr. 3380/85 og udmærker sig ved anvendelsen af specielle dispergeringsmidler til undgåelse af sedimentationsproblemet.
Det er formålet med opfindelsen at tilvejebringe elektroviskose væsker med en tydeligt højere elektroreak-tivitet, der fortrinsvis også bibeholdes ved høje temperatu-30 rer, og som desuden har en ringe elektrisk ledningsevne.
Dette formål opfyldes, idet der gås ud fra en elek-troviskos væske, der indeholder et aluminiumsilicat, som er dispergeret i en elektrisk ikke-ledende væske ved hjælp af et egnet dispergeringsmiddel, ifølge opfindelsen ved, at 35 atomforholdet Al/Si på overfladen af aluminiumsilicatet ’ - gigger mellem 0,15 og 0,80, fortrinsvis mellem 0,2 og 0,75.
. i 3
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Al/Si-atomforholdet kan på overfladen af partiklerne afvige betydeligt fra volumensammensætningen.
Den foreliggende opfindelse angår således en elek-troviskos væske, der indeholder mere end 25 vægtprocent af 5 et aluminiumsilicat med et vandindhold på 1-25 vægtprocent som dispers fase og en elektrisk ledende hydrofob væske som flydende fase samt et dispergeringsmiddel af aminofunktio-nelle eller hydroxyfunktionelle eller acetoxyfunktionelle eller alkoxyfunktionelle polysiloxaner med en molekylvægt 10 over 800 i en koncentration på 1-30 vægtprocent, beregnet på aluminiumsilicatpartiklerne, hvilken elektroviskos væske er ejendommelig ved, at åtomforholdet Al/Si ved overfladen af aluminiumsilicatet ligger mellem 0,15 og 0,80.
Dispergeringsmidlet er fortrinsvis tilsat med en 15 koncentration på 5-20 vægtprocent, beregnet på aluminiumsilicatpartiklerne.
De som dispergeringsmidler anvendte aminofunk-tionelle polysiloxaner har fortrinsvis følgende almene formel: 20
H /fH3 \ CH3\ CHo H
R-N-X—tsiO- j / SiO—\-Si-X-N-R
25 \CH3/n (fi ™3
'H-N-R
hvori 10<n<1000 30 m betyder 0 til 5, R betyder hydrogen eller alkyl med 1-8 carbonatomer, og X betyder en divalent gruppe, der består af carbon, hydrogen og eventuelt oxygen og/eller nitrogen.
35 4
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Bindingen af aminogrupperne til silicone-grund-materialet sker enten via en SiC- eller en SiOC-binding.
Hvis en SiC-binding er ønsket, betyder X en divalent carbonhydridgruppe med 1-6 carbonatomer, fortrinsvis 5 1-3 carbonatomer. Særlig foretrukket som aminofunktionel gruppe er aminomethyl- og ^-aminopropyl-grupperingen.
Den divalente gruppe X kan foruden carbon og hydrogen også indeholde nitrogen. Således kan X-NHR f.eks. betyde gruppen CH2-CH2-CH2-NH-CH2-CH2-NH2. Hvis en SiOC-binding 10 er ønsket, er den aminofunktionelle gruppe H
t R-N-X en aminoalkoxygruppe. Af hensyn til hydrolysestabiliteten foretrækkes en sekundær SiOC-binding. Særlig egnet er derved l-amino-2-propoxygruppen 15 CH-j ch,
I J I J
-0C-CH7-NH_ eller l-amino-3-butoxygruppen -0C-CH~-CH~-NH
« Δ Δ i 2 2 2 ’
Η H
20 Et særligt foretrukket dispergeringsmiddel er et sådant, hvori X = CH2, R = C6H1;L og m = 0 til 3.
I stedet for aminofunktionelle polysiloxaner kan der som dispergeringsmidler også anvendes siliciumfunktionelle polysiloxaner med den almene formel 25 /f3 \ Γ3
Y-|—SiO-j-Si-Y
30 \CH3 J'“ CH3 hvori 10 < n <1000, Y betyder en hydrolyserbar gruppe, fortrinsvis en 35 hydroxy-, alkoxy- eller carboxygruppe.
5
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De ovennævnte, som dispergeringsmidler anvendelige funktionelle polysiloxaner indeholder fortrinsvis 20-300 dimethylsiloxanenheder. Disse muliggør især fremstilling af dispersioner med højt indhold af fast stof og en ikke 5 for høj grundviskositet.
Med opfindelsen opnås følgende fordele:
Aluminiumsilicatholdige elektroviskose væsker udviser overraskende væsentlig større elektroreaktiviteter end elektroviskose væsker med silicagel eller aluminiumoxid.
10 For de her omhandlede, med siliconeolie fremstillede elektroviskose væsker gælder, at de er særdeles godt forenelige med elastomere materialer, især med gummi, og at de er sedimentationsstabile og fysiologisk indifferente (ugiftige) . Desuden er de varme- og kuldebestandige inden for 15 et usædvanligt stort temperaturområde og udviser kun en ringe trykafhængighed af viskositeten. Derudover har de elektroviskose suspensioner ifølge opfindelsen gunstige dielektriske værdier, der kun er lidt afhængige af temperatur og frekvens, og en høj elektrisk gennemslagsstyrke.
20 Især for de her omhandlede elektroviskose væsker med en siliconeolie som flydende fase og et af de her omhandlede funktionelle polysiloxaner som dispergeringsmiddel er det endvidere konstateret, at elektroreaktiviteten også bibeholdes særdeles godt ved høje temperaturer.
25 Som yderligere fordel skal fremhæves, at fremstil lingen af de elektroviskose væsker er relativt simpel og derfor billig, og at der kan anvendes handelsgængse produkter som udgangsstoffer.
I det følgende forklares opfindelsen nærmere 30 ved hjælp af eksempler, diagrammer og tabeller.
Tegningen viser forskydningsspændingens afhængighed af den elektriske feltstyrke ved konstant forskydningshastighed målt for den elektroviskose væske.
I tabel I er der sammenfattet de disperse faser, 35 og i tabel II er sammenfattet de karakteristiske data for de her omhandlede elektroviskose væsker i sammenligning med teknikkens stade.
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Der er anført de fremgangsmådetekniske foranstaltninger til fremstilling af de elektroviskose væsker, den kemiske fremstillingsmetode for dispergeringsmidlerne, den til kontrol af de ønskede fysiske egenskaber nødven-5 dige måleteknik samt typiske udførelseseksempler på de her omhandlede elektroviskose væsker.
Til fremstilling af elektroviskose væsker kan der anvendes handelsgængse aluminiumsilicater. Efter behov kan aluminiumsilicatets fugtighedsindhold forøges eller 10 formindskes.
Ved fremstillingen af dispersionerne gås der ud fra dispersionsmediet og en del af eller hele mængden af dis-pergeringsmidlet, og aiuminiumsilicatet røres i dispersionsmediet under stadig omrøring. Til at begynde med kan 15 aiuminiumsilicatet tildoseres hurtigt, medens det mod slutningen med tiltagende viskositet tilsættes langsomt. Hvis der til at begynde med kun gås ud fra en del af disper-geringsmidlet, tilsættes den resterende dispergeringsmid-delmængde samtidig med tilsætningen af aiuminiumsilicatet.
20 Fremstillingsproceduren er imidlertid ikke kritisk for slutegenskaberne af den elektroviskose væske. Heller ikke arten af sammenblandingen er kritisk for slutegenskaberne af den elektroviskose væske. Der kan f.eks. anvendes simple røranordninger, kuglemøller eller ultralyd til dispergerin-25 gen. Ved en intensiv sammenblanding kan dispersionerne imidlertid i almindelighed fremstilles hurtigere og derved noget mere findelte.
Den nødvendige mængde dispergeringsmiddel afhænger stærkt af den specifikke overflade af det anvendte aluminium- 2 30 silicat. Som orienterende værdi kræves der ca. 1-4 mg/m .
Den absolut nødvendige mængde afhænger endvidere af arten af det anvendte aluminiumsilicat og arten af det anvendte dispergeringsmiddel.
De anvendte aluminiumsilicater kan både være 35 amorfe og krystallinske, f.eks. fældet aluminiumsilicat eller zeolit. Al/Si-atomforholdet, som er bestemmende for
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størrelsen af elektroreaktiviteten, på overfladen af alu-miniumsilicatpartiklerne bestemmes ved hjælp af ESCA (elektronspektroskopi til kemisk analyse). Aluminiumsili-caterne behøver ikke at være rene og kan uden videre inde-5 holde indtil 20 vægtprocent Fe202, Ti02, Ca0' MgO, Na20 og K20. Desuden kan der også være nogle vægtprocent SO^ og Cl til stede. Endvidere kan den ved ESCA undersøgte overflade udvise indtil 25 atomprocent C. Glødetabet, dvs. vægttabet ved 1000°C, bevæger sig ved de amorfe alumi-10 niumsilicater i almindelighed mellem 10 og 15 vægtprocent.
Heraf er i gennemsnit ca. 6 vægtprocent fugtighed, hvilket er ensbetydende med det vægttab, der bestemmes ved tørring ved 105°C. Den specifikke overflade af det amorfe aluminium- silica t, målt ved BET-metoden, er i almindelighed mellem 2 15 20 og 200 m /g. De krystallinske aluminiumsilicater kan udover en saltform, hvorved de monovalente salte foretrækkes, også foreligge i H*-formen. Det ved tørring ved 500°C bestemte vandindhold er ca. 1-25 vægtprocent, men bør fortrinsvis ligge mellem ca. 5 og 15 vægtprocent.
20 Som dispersionsmedium for aluminiumsilicatpar- tiklerne anvendes fortrinsvis siliconeolier, såsom poly-dimethylsiloxaner og polymere methylphenylsiloxaner.
Flydende carbonhydrider, f.eks. paraffiner, olefiner og aromatiske carbonhydrider, er også anvendelige.
25 Endvidere kan der f.eks. også benyttes fluorcarbonhydri-der, polyoxyalkylener eller fluorerede polyoxyalkylener. Størkningspunktet af dispersionsmedierne indstilles fortrinsvis lavere end -30°C og kogepunktet højere end 150°C. Oliernes viskositet ligger ved stuetemperatur mellem o 30 3 og 300 mm /s. I almindelighed foretrækkes de lavviskose 2 olier (3-20 mm /s) , fordi der hermed opnås en lavere grundviskositet af den elektroviskose væske, således at der ved hjælp af den elektroviskose effekt kan opnås stærke viskositetsændringer.
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Som dispergeringsmidler kan der anvendes tensider, som er opløselige i dispersionsmediet, og som f.eks. afledes af aminer, imidazoliner, oxazoliner, alkoholer, glycol eller sorbitol. Der kan også anvendes polymere som er 5 opløselige i dispersionsmediet. Egnede er f.eks. polymere, der indeholder 0,1-10 vægtprocent N og/eller OH samt 25-83 vægtprocent alkylgrupper med 4-24 carbonatomer og har en molekylvægt i området 5 · 10 til 10 . De N- og OH-holdige forbindelser i disse polymere kan f.eks.· være 10 amin-, amid-, imid-, nitril-, 5 - 6-leddede N-holdige heterocycliske ringe eller en alkhol og alkylgrupperne estere af acryl- eller methacrylsyre. Specifikke eksempler på de ovennævnte N- og OH-holdige forbindelser er N,N-dimethylaminoethylmethacrylat, tert.butylacrylamid, 15 maleinimid, acrylonitril, N-vinylpyrrolidon, vinylpyridin og 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylat. De ovennævnte polymere dispergeringsmidler har et forhold til de lavmolekylære tensider i almindelighed den fordel, at de hermed fremstillede dispersioner med hensyn til sedimentationsopførsel er mere 20 stabile, og at elektroreaktiviteten er mindre frekvensafhængig.
Særlig foretrukne dispergeringsmidler til fremstilling af elektroviskose væsker, hvorved aluminiumsilicatet er dispergeret i siliconeolie, er de her omhandlede funktio-25 nelle polysiloxaner. De fremstilles ved metoder, der i princippet er kendt af fagmanden.
Fremstillingen af de som dispergeringsmidler anvendte aminomodificerede polysiloxaner varierer afhængigt af den ønskede art af bindingen. Forbindelser af typen 30 T /|H3\ f3 i
R-N-X—UsiO—4-SiO—V-Si-X-N-H
\CH3 Jti l X | ch3 35 \ HH /
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hvori n og m har den ovenfor angivne betydning, og X betyder methylen, fremstilles ud fra de tilsvarende halogenderivater (Cl eller Br) og den tilsvarende amin ifølge følgende reaktionsskema: 5 ίγ3 \ AH3 \ ch3 C1CH2-f- SiO-j-/—SiO-Ί-Si-CH2C1 \CH3 Jn \ CH2 J CH3 \ci y m
Η H
15 + 2 (m + 2) N-F -► (m+2) H-N(+)-R Cl(_)
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- R-N-CH?-Si-O-f-Si-O-4-f-CH2-)—Si-CH2-N
2 i \ i y i i 21
CH3 NH / CH3 R
XR S m 25
Den chlorholdige forbindelse fremstilles ved cohydrolyse af ønskede mængder af C1CH2(CH^)2SiCl, 30 C1CH2(CH^)SiCl2 og (CH2)2SiCl2. Naturligvis kan der i stedet for Cl også anvendes Br.
Forbindelser af den ovennævnte type, hvori X betyder en alkylgruppe med 2-6 carbonatomer, kan f.eks. fremstilles ved platinkatalyseret addition af en egnet 35 olefin til SiH-holdige forbindelser. Således reagerer f.eks. allylchlorid med en siliconeolie med formlen 10
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\CH3 A \h /» C"3 5 til dannelse af en γ-chlorfunktionel siliconeolie, der analogt med den ovenfor for X = CH2 beskrevne reaktion kan omsættes til den ønskede aminofunktionelle olie.
10 Alternative fremgangsmåder er ligeledes i princippet kendte af fagmanden.
Forbindelser af den ovenfor nævnte dispergerings-middeltype, hvori X betyder en aminoalkoxygruppe, kan fremstilles ved omsætning af siliciumfunktionelle olier, 15 der f.eks. indeholder SiCl-, SiOCE^H^-, Si-O-C-CH^- eller
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SiH-grupper, med aminoalkanoler, eventuelt under tilsætning af egnede katalysatorer. Særlig egnet er derved 1-propanolamin. Når der er tale om aminoalkoxyfunktionelle 20 systemer, kan m (fordelagtigt) have værdien 0. Særlig foretrukket som dispergeringsmiddel er en aminoalkoxyfunktionel polysiloxan med formlen f JH3 /^H3 \ yH3 f3 m2~CH2~^ O-Si-O-i· Si-O—J-Si-OCH-CH2-NH2 H CH3 \cH3 Jn CH3 1 35 i hvori n har en værdi mellem:.^ og'100,' fortrinsvis mellem 30 og 70.
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Det er endvidere muligt først at fremstille silanet CH3 (CH3)2Si(OCHCH2NH2)2 5 og derefter ved en basisk katalyseret ækvilibreringsreak-tion under tilsætning af octamethylcyclotetrasiloxan at gennemføre en kædeopbygning.
De således fremstillede elektroviskose væsker under-10 søges i et modificeret rotationsviskosimeter, der er beskrevet af W.M. Winslow, i J. Appl. Phys. 2JD (1949), side 1137-1140.
Elektrodearealet af den indre roterende cylin- 2 der med en diameter på 50 mm er ca. 78 cm , og spalte-15 bredden mellem elektroderne er 0,58 mm. Ved de dynamiske målinger kan forskydningsbelastningen indstilles til maksimalt 2330 s’1. Viskosimeterets måleområde for forskydningsspændingen er maksimalt 750 Pa. Det er muligt at foretage statiske og dynamiske målinger. Aktiveringen 20 af den elektroviskose væske kan både ske med jævnspænding og vekselspænding.
Ved aktivering med jævnspænding kan der ved nogle væsker foruden den spontane forøgelse af viskositeten eller flydegrænsen ved tilslutning af feltet også ske 25 langsomme sedimentationer af de faste partikler på elektrodeoverfladerne, hvilket gør måleresultatet forkert, især ved små forskydningshastigheder eller ved statiske målinger. Derfor gennemføres undersøgelsen af de elektroviskose væsker fortrinsvis med vekselspænding og ved en dynamisk 30 forskydningspåvirkning. Der fås på denne måde godt reproducerbare flydekurver.
Til bestemmelse af elektroreaktiviteten indstilles
— V
en konstant forskydningshastighed 0<D<2330 s , og afhængigheden af forskydningsspændingen ΊΓ af den elektriske 35 feltstyrke E måles. Med prøveapparaturet kan der frembringes vekselfelter indtil en maksimal effektiv felt-
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styrke på 2370 kV/m ved en maksimal effektiv strøm på 4 mA og en frekvens på 50 Hz. Der fås derved flydekurver svarende til fig. 1. Det ses, at forskydnings spændingen rc' ved små feltstyrker først stiger parabelformigt og ved 5 højere feltstyrker lineært. Stigningen S af den lineære del af kurven fremgår af fig. 1 og angives i Pa.m/kV.
Ud fra skæringspunktet mellem den rette linie (forskydningsspænding uden elektrisk felt) bestemmes tærskelværdien Eq af den elektriske feltstyrke og angives 10 i kV/m. For forøgelsen af forskydningsspændingen ^(E)-^ i det elektriske felt E> Eq gælder: 't'(E) - <€q = S· (E-Eq) .
Målingerne kan gentages med forskellige forskyd-- 15 ningshastigheder D. De derved bestemte værdier af EQ
og S spreder sig i almindelighed i et området på ca. - 5% til -20% omkring middelværdien.
I de nedenfor beskrevne udførelseseksempler er eksemplerne mærket E eksempler ifølge opfindelsen, me-20 dens de andre eksempler er eksempler ifølge kendt teknik (sammenligningseksempler).
Eksempel 1-14 viser indflydelsen af atomforholdet Al/Si på overfladen af de forskellige disperse faser.
Det fremgår tydeligt af eksempel 15, 16, 18, 20, 21, 23 25 og 24, at den gode virkning af de her omhandlede Al-silica-ter også bibeholdes med andre dispergeringsmidler. Eksempel 20, 21 og 25 viser, at dette også gælder for andre dispersionsmedier.
Eksempel 6, 7, 9, 10, 16, 21 og 25 viser, at de 30 her omhandlede elektroviskose væsker også ved højere temperaturer udviser en god virkning. Der skal især fremhæves den gode virkning ved højere temperaturer af de elektroviskose væsker, der indeholder dispergeringsmidlet på polysil-oxanbasis (eksempel 7 og 25 i sammenligning med eksempel 15 35 og 20) .
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Udførelseseksempler
Siliconeolie 1: Polydimethylsiloxan O i
Viskositet ved 25°C:5 mm· s Vægtfylde ved 25°C: 0,9 g/cm^ 5
Dielektricitetstal fc'r ifølge DIN 53483 ved 0°C og 50 Hz: 2,8
Siliconeolie 2: Polymethylphenylsiloxan 10 Viskositet ved 25°C: 4 mm^· s ^ Vægtfylde ved 25°C: 0,9 g/cm^
Dielektricitetstal £r ved 25°C: ca. 2,5 15 Isododecan:
Viskositet ved 25°C: 1,7 mm^*s ^ Vægtfylde ved 20°C: 0,75 g/cm^
Dielektricitetstal £r ved 20°C: 2,1.
20
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Claims (7)

1. Elektroviskos væske, der indeholder mere end 25 vægtprocent af et aluminiumsilicat med et vandindhold på 1-25 vægtprocent som dispers fase og en elektrisk ikke-ledende 5 hydrofob væske som flydende fase samt et dispergeringsmiddel af aminofunktionelle eller hydroxyfunktionelle eller acet-oxyfunktionelle eller alkoxyfunktionelle polysiloxaner med en molekylvægt over 800 i en koncentration på 1-30 vægtprocent, beregnet på aluminiumsilicatpartiklerne, kende- 10 tegnet ved, at atomforholdet Al/Si ved overfladen af aluminiumsilicatet ligger mellem 0,15 og 0,80.
2. Elektroviskos dispersion ifølge krav 1, kendetegnet ved, at dispergeringsmidlet er tilsat med en koncentration på 5-20 vægtprocent, beregnet på alurainium- 15 silicatpartiklerne.
3. Elektroviskose dispersioner ifølge krav 1 eller 2, kendetegnet ved, at de aminofunktionelle polysiloxaner har følgende struktur: 20 H / CH3 \ / CH3 \ CHo H i /13 / I \ I I R-N-X —h— SiO—A -l·-SiO—\-Si-X-N-R \ch3/ π l X J ch3 25 \H-N-R / m hvori 10 < n < 1000, m er 0 til 5, R betyder hydrogen eller alkyl med 1-8 carbonatomer, og X betyder en divalent gruppe, 30 der består af carbon, hydrogen og eventuelt oxygen og/eller nitrogen. 1 DK 162725 B
4. Elektroviskos dispersion ifølge krav 3, kendetegnet ved, at de aminofunktionelle polysiloxaner har følgende struktur:
5. CHo /6h3 \ /cH3 \ CH3 I I 3 / I 3 \ /1 3 \ I H CaHi 1 -N-CH^-Si-O-f—Si-O—]—/ -Si-O-\-Si-CH2-N 6 11 I \ I / I I I ch3 \CH3/n-ll i"2 C"3 C6HU \ NH 10 \l / Vc6Hu/ m hvori m er 0 til 3 og 10 < n < 1000.
5. Elektroviskose dispersioner ifølge krav 1 eller 15 2, kendetegnet ved, at de funktionelle polysil oxaner har følgende struktur: ( iH3 ^ Γ3 Ti / i
20. CH3 / n CH3 hvor 10 < n < 1000, og Y betyder en hydrolyserbar gruppe, især en hydroxy-, alkoxy- eller carboxygruppe.
DK495386A 1985-10-17 1986-10-16 Elektroviskos vaeske DK162725C (da)

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FI864166A0 (fi) 1986-10-15
BR8605052A (pt) 1987-07-14
DK495386D0 (da) 1986-10-16
DE3687337D1 (de) 1993-02-04
NO863932D0 (no) 1986-10-02
ES2053427T3 (es) 1994-08-01
AU6395486A (en) 1987-04-30
FI82260C (fi) 1991-02-11
ZA867836B (en) 1987-06-24
DE3536934A1 (de) 1987-04-23
NO168537C (no) 1992-03-04
DK495386A (da) 1987-04-18
US4702855A (en) 1987-10-27
ATE83794T1 (de) 1993-01-15
AU579945B2 (en) 1988-12-15
CA1280590C (en) 1991-02-26
NO863932L (no) 1987-04-21
NO168537B (no) 1991-11-25
EP0219751A2 (de) 1987-04-29
KR940008392B1 (ko) 1994-09-14
DK162725C (da) 1992-04-21
EP0219751A3 (en) 1989-10-11
FI82260B (fi) 1990-10-31

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