DE313348T1 - Vorrichtung und verfahren zur verminderung des leukocytengehalts von blut und blutkomponenten. - Google Patents
Vorrichtung und verfahren zur verminderung des leukocytengehalts von blut und blutkomponenten.Info
- Publication number
- DE313348T1 DE313348T1 DE198888309851T DE88309851T DE313348T1 DE 313348 T1 DE313348 T1 DE 313348T1 DE 198888309851 T DE198888309851 T DE 198888309851T DE 88309851 T DE88309851 T DE 88309851T DE 313348 T1 DE313348 T1 DE 313348T1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- housing
- elements
- inlet
- dynes
- outlet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 210000000265 leukocyte Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims 3
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 title 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 title 1
- 239000012503 blood component Substances 0.000 title 1
- 239000010836 blood and blood product Substances 0.000 claims abstract 15
- 229940125691 blood product Drugs 0.000 claims abstract 15
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 claims abstract 7
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract 7
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims 11
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims 8
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims 6
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims 5
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims 4
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 125000001165 hydrophobic group Chemical group 0.000 claims 3
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 claims 3
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- TUJKJAMUKRIRHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyl Chemical group [OH] TUJKJAMUKRIRHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/36—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits
- A61M1/3621—Extra-corporeal blood circuits
- A61M1/3627—Degassing devices; Buffer reservoirs; Drip chambers; Blood filters
- A61M1/3633—Blood component filters, e.g. leukocyte filters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D35/00—Filtering devices having features not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00, or for applications not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00; Auxiliary devices for filtration; Filter housing constructions
- B01D35/30—Filter housing constructions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/02—Loose filtering material, e.g. loose fibres
- B01D39/04—Organic material, e.g. cellulose, cotton
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
- B01D39/16—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres
- B01D39/1607—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous
- B01D39/1623—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous of synthetic origin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2202/00—Special media to be introduced, removed or treated
- A61M2202/04—Liquids
- A61M2202/0413—Blood
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2202/00—Special media to be introduced, removed or treated
- A61M2202/04—Liquids
- A61M2202/0413—Blood
- A61M2202/0439—White blood cells; Leucocytes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
- A61M2205/75—General characteristics of the apparatus with filters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D2239/12—Special parameters characterising the filtering material
- B01D2239/1208—Porosity
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D2239/12—Special parameters characterising the filtering material
- B01D2239/1216—Pore size
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D2239/12—Special parameters characterising the filtering material
- B01D2239/1291—Other parameters
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Anesthesiology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Cardiology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- External Artificial Organs (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Filtering Materials (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US11041387A | 1987-10-20 | 1987-10-20 | |
| US21816988A | 1988-07-13 | 1988-07-13 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE313348T1 true DE313348T1 (de) | 1993-02-25 |
Family
ID=26808000
Family Applications (4)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE198888309851T Pending DE313348T1 (de) | 1987-10-20 | 1988-10-20 | Vorrichtung und verfahren zur verminderung des leukocytengehalts von blut und blutkomponenten. |
| DE3852746T Expired - Lifetime DE3852746T3 (de) | 1987-10-20 | 1988-10-20 | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Verminderung des Leukocytengehalts von Blut und Blutkomponenten. |
| DE3856587T Expired - Lifetime DE3856587T2 (de) | 1987-10-20 | 1988-10-20 | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Verminderung des Leukocytengehalts von Blutkomponenten |
| DE3856540T Expired - Lifetime DE3856540T3 (de) | 1987-10-20 | 1988-10-20 | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Verminderung des Leukocytengehalts von Blutprodukten |
Family Applications After (3)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3852746T Expired - Lifetime DE3852746T3 (de) | 1987-10-20 | 1988-10-20 | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Verminderung des Leukocytengehalts von Blut und Blutkomponenten. |
| DE3856587T Expired - Lifetime DE3856587T2 (de) | 1987-10-20 | 1988-10-20 | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Verminderung des Leukocytengehalts von Blutkomponenten |
| DE3856540T Expired - Lifetime DE3856540T3 (de) | 1987-10-20 | 1988-10-20 | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Verminderung des Leukocytengehalts von Blutprodukten |
Country Status (17)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (3) | EP0313348B2 (Direct) |
| JP (1) | JP2555722B2 (Direct) |
| KR (1) | KR950005186B1 (Direct) |
| CN (3) | CN1025653C (Direct) |
| AT (3) | ATE116864T1 (Direct) |
| AU (1) | AU642601B2 (Direct) |
| BR (1) | BR8807759A (Direct) |
| CA (1) | CA1325974C (Direct) |
| DE (4) | DE313348T1 (Direct) |
| ES (3) | ES2183827T5 (Direct) |
| GB (1) | GB2211755B (Direct) |
| GR (1) | GR3015682T3 (Direct) |
| IL (1) | IL88081A0 (Direct) |
| IN (1) | IN172156B (Direct) |
| NO (1) | NO994959D0 (Direct) |
| NZ (1) | NZ226628A (Direct) |
| WO (1) | WO1989003717A1 (Direct) |
Families Citing this family (57)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5019260A (en) * | 1986-12-23 | 1991-05-28 | Pall Corporation | Filtration media with low protein adsorbability |
| US4959150A (en) * | 1988-09-26 | 1990-09-25 | Pall Corporation | Fluid treatment system having low affinity for proteinaceous materials |
| DE69005354D1 (de) * | 1989-05-09 | 1994-02-03 | Pall Corp | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Verminderung des Leukocytengehalts von Blut und Blutkomponenten. |
| EP0406485A1 (en) * | 1989-07-03 | 1991-01-09 | NPBI Nederlands Produktielaboratorium voor Bloedtransfusieapparatuur en Infusievloeistoffen B.V. | A method for the removal of leukocytes from a leukocyte-containing suspension and filter unit for use with the method |
| JP2523938B2 (ja) * | 1989-09-18 | 1996-08-14 | テルモ株式会社 | 血小板純化用フィルタ― |
| AU640186B2 (en) * | 1989-12-28 | 1993-08-19 | Pall Corporation | Device and method for blood separation |
| US5126054A (en) * | 1990-05-24 | 1992-06-30 | Pall Corporation | Venting means |
| GB2277886A (en) * | 1990-07-27 | 1994-11-16 | Pall Corp | Leucocyte depleting filter |
| DE69119683T2 (de) * | 1990-07-27 | 1996-10-02 | Pall Corp | Filtereinrichtung zur Entfernung von Leukozyten und Methode zur Verwendung |
| US5362406A (en) * | 1990-07-27 | 1994-11-08 | Pall Corporation | Leucocyte depleting filter device and method of use |
| GB9106481D0 (en) * | 1991-03-27 | 1991-05-15 | Pall Corp | Filters and filter units |
| US5186843A (en) * | 1991-07-22 | 1993-02-16 | Ahlstrom Filtration, Inc. | Blood separation media and method for separating plasma from whole blood |
| EP0561379B1 (en) * | 1992-03-17 | 1998-07-08 | ASAHI MEDICAL Co., Ltd. | Filter medium having a limited surface negative charge for treating a blood material |
| EP0606646B1 (en) * | 1992-12-28 | 1997-09-24 | Asahi Medical Co., Ltd. | Filtermaterial, apparatus and method for removing leukocytes |
| JP3246620B2 (ja) * | 1993-02-22 | 2002-01-15 | 旭メディカル株式会社 | 白血球除去フィルター支持体 |
| US5582907A (en) * | 1994-07-28 | 1996-12-10 | Pall Corporation | Melt-blown fibrous web |
| CA2177442A1 (en) * | 1995-05-29 | 1996-11-30 | Massimo Fini | Cardiotomy reservoir with internal filter |
| US5653888A (en) * | 1995-11-02 | 1997-08-05 | Arbor Technologies, Inc. | Fluid filter assembly including gel removing barbs |
| EP0880988B1 (en) * | 1996-09-25 | 2004-07-21 | Chisso Corporation | High-precision filter |
| US5879624A (en) | 1997-01-15 | 1999-03-09 | Boehringer Laboratories, Inc. | Method and apparatus for collecting and processing blood |
| ITTO20020080A1 (it) * | 2002-01-29 | 2003-07-29 | Biofil Srl | Sistema sterile e procedimento per filtrare liquidi biologici o organici, in particolare sangue o componenti del sangue. |
| FR2835752B1 (fr) * | 2002-02-13 | 2004-11-26 | Maco Pharma Sa | Unite de filtration comprenant des couches deleucocytantes calandrees |
| ITTO20020736A1 (it) * | 2002-08-21 | 2004-02-22 | Fresenius Hemocare Italia Srl | Filtro per leucociti e suo impiego per l'impoverimento di prodotti del sangue da leucociti. |
| ITTO20030039A1 (it) * | 2003-01-24 | 2004-07-25 | Fresenius Hemocare Italia Srl | Filtro per separare leucociti da sangue intero e/o da preparati derivati dal sangue, procedimento per la fabbricazione del filtro, dispositivo e utilizzazione. |
| DE10304365A1 (de) * | 2003-02-04 | 2004-08-05 | Ls-Medcap Gmbh | Filtervorrichtung |
| EP1493458B1 (en) | 2003-07-03 | 2007-01-17 | Fresenius Hemocare Italia S.r.l. | A filter for the removal of substances from blood products |
| US7534348B2 (en) * | 2003-09-12 | 2009-05-19 | Fenwal, Inc. | Flow-through removal device and system using such device |
| DE60307849T2 (de) | 2003-09-23 | 2007-01-04 | Fresenius Hemocare Italia S.R.L., Cavezzo | Filter, Reinigungsvorrichtung und Verfahren zum Entfernen von Substanzen aus Blutprodukten |
| US7424821B1 (en) | 2004-06-25 | 2008-09-16 | Baxter International Inc. | Characterization of porous media |
| CN100556501C (zh) | 2004-12-10 | 2009-11-04 | 弗雷森纽斯血液护理意大利有限公司 | 一种多孔渗透网,特别适于过滤生物液体 |
| FR2925352B1 (fr) | 2007-12-21 | 2010-02-26 | Maco Pharma Sa | Procede de greffage d'un element poreux pour la deleucocytation |
| BRPI0911314A2 (pt) | 2008-04-14 | 2015-09-29 | Asahi Kasei Medical Co Ltd | material filtrante para remoção de agregados, e, método de filtrar um produto de sangue. |
| US9649424B2 (en) * | 2009-06-30 | 2017-05-16 | Kaneka Corporation | Blood component separation system and separation material |
| DE102009051945A1 (de) | 2009-11-04 | 2011-05-05 | Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland Gmbh | Medikamentenapplikationsadapter mit Gassperrelement für ein Hämodialyseschlauchset |
| CN102821796B (zh) * | 2010-03-31 | 2015-11-25 | 旭化成医疗株式会社 | 白血球去除器的启动加注系统以及启动加注方法 |
| WO2011125618A1 (ja) | 2010-03-31 | 2011-10-13 | 旭化成クラレメディカル株式会社 | リガンド固定化用基材及びその製造方法 |
| RU2429897C1 (ru) * | 2010-04-02 | 2011-09-27 | Евгений Иванович ВЕРХОЛОМОВ | Фильтрующий элемент для тонкой очистки сырого молока |
| US8337701B2 (en) * | 2011-03-14 | 2012-12-25 | Pall Corporation | Intravenous filter |
| US10073012B2 (en) | 2011-09-04 | 2018-09-11 | Agilent Technologies, Inc. | Debris filter for fluidic measurement with recess size decreasing in fluid flow direction |
| US9421317B2 (en) | 2012-06-08 | 2016-08-23 | Pall Corporation | Cell harvesting device and system |
| US9427512B2 (en) * | 2012-06-08 | 2016-08-30 | Pall Corporation | Filter device |
| JP5922777B2 (ja) | 2012-07-25 | 2016-05-24 | 旭化成メディカル株式会社 | 血液処理フィルター、血液回路、及び血液処理方法 |
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| US9149749B2 (en) | 2012-11-13 | 2015-10-06 | Hollingsworth & Vose Company | Pre-coalescing multi-layered filter media |
| US9523132B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2016-12-20 | Ut-Battelle, Llc | Rapid and highly fieldable viral diagnostic |
| BR112015023846A2 (pt) | 2013-03-18 | 2017-07-18 | Asahi Kasei Medical Co Ltd | material de filtro de remoção de agregados para remover um agregado em um produto sangíneo, método de remoção de agregados, filtro de remoção de glóbulos brancos, e, método de filtração de produto sanguíneo |
| FR3003764B1 (fr) | 2013-03-27 | 2015-05-01 | Maco Pharma Sa | Unite de filtration des leucocytes a adhesion des plaquettes reduite |
| ITTO20131037A1 (it) | 2013-12-18 | 2015-06-19 | Fond Istituto Italiano Di Tecnologia | Procedimento per l'incapsulazione di un liquido |
| US10399024B2 (en) | 2014-05-15 | 2019-09-03 | Hollingsworth & Vose Company | Surface modified filter media |
| US10828587B2 (en) * | 2015-04-17 | 2020-11-10 | Hollingsworth & Vose Company | Stable filter media including nanofibers |
| EP3417892B1 (en) * | 2016-02-15 | 2025-04-02 | Asahi Kasei Medical Co., Ltd. | Blood processing filter |
| US10625196B2 (en) | 2016-05-31 | 2020-04-21 | Hollingsworth & Vose Company | Coalescing filter media |
| US11607483B2 (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2023-03-21 | Terumo Kabushiki Kaisha | Blood separation method and blood separation filter |
| US11452959B2 (en) | 2018-11-30 | 2022-09-27 | Hollingsworth & Vose Company | Filter media having a fine pore size distribution |
| CN109529444A (zh) * | 2018-12-17 | 2019-03-29 | 刘向晖 | 一种去除血液样本中血细胞的过滤技术及过滤器 |
| TWI715998B (zh) | 2019-01-28 | 2021-01-11 | 笙特科技股份有限公司 | 過濾材料及其製造方法 |
| US20220080107A1 (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2022-03-17 | Carefusion 303. Inc. | Drip chamber assembly |
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| WO1987005812A1 (fr) † | 1986-03-28 | 1987-10-08 | Asahi Medical Co., Ltd. | Filtre pour l'extraction selective de leucocytes |
| US4774132A (en) * | 1986-05-01 | 1988-09-27 | Pall Corporation | Polyvinylidene difluoride structure |
| JPS62262705A (ja) * | 1986-05-07 | 1987-11-14 | Agency Of Ind Science & Technol | 親水性多孔質膜、その製造方法およびこの親水性多孔質膜を用いた血漿分離装置 |
| JPH0614968B2 (ja) * | 1987-06-15 | 1994-03-02 | テルモ株式会社 | 白血球捕捉分離器具 |
-
1988
- 1988-10-18 IL IL88081A patent/IL88081A0/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-10-19 WO PCT/US1988/003598 patent/WO1989003717A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1988-10-19 KR KR1019890701105A patent/KR950005186B1/ko not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-10-19 BR BR888807759A patent/BR8807759A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-10-19 CA CA000580623A patent/CA1325974C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-10-19 NZ NZ226628A patent/NZ226628A/en unknown
- 1988-10-19 JP JP63509002A patent/JP2555722B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-10-20 AT AT88309851T patent/ATE116864T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-10-20 DE DE198888309851T patent/DE313348T1/de active Pending
- 1988-10-20 DE DE3852746T patent/DE3852746T3/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-10-20 GB GB8824581A patent/GB2211755B/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-10-20 ES ES94201693T patent/ES2183827T5/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-10-20 AT AT94201693T patent/ATE224744T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-10-20 ES ES88309851T patent/ES2067476T5/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-10-20 EP EP88309851A patent/EP0313348B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-10-20 EP EP02076566A patent/EP1238694B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-10-20 DE DE3856587T patent/DE3856587T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-10-20 CN CN88108431A patent/CN1025653C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-10-20 AT AT02076566T patent/ATE311932T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-10-20 ES ES02076566T patent/ES2249538T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-10-20 DE DE3856540T patent/DE3856540T3/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-10-20 EP EP94201693A patent/EP0620017B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-10-21 IN IN733/MAS/88A patent/IN172156B/en unknown
-
1992
- 1992-07-20 AU AU20420/92A patent/AU642601B2/en not_active Expired
-
1993
- 1993-12-01 CN CN93120563A patent/CN1095308A/zh active Pending
- 1993-12-17 CN CN93121090A patent/CN1098945A/zh active Pending
-
1995
- 1995-04-04 GR GR950400829T patent/GR3015682T3/el unknown
-
1999
- 1999-10-12 NO NO994959A patent/NO994959D0/no unknown
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