DE2147644C3 - Verfahren zur Regenerierung von Nickel-Aluminium-Katalysatoren durch Waschen mit Poly carbonsäure - Google Patents
Verfahren zur Regenerierung von Nickel-Aluminium-Katalysatoren durch Waschen mit Poly carbonsäureInfo
- Publication number
- DE2147644C3 DE2147644C3 DE2147644A DE2147644A DE2147644C3 DE 2147644 C3 DE2147644 C3 DE 2147644C3 DE 2147644 A DE2147644 A DE 2147644A DE 2147644 A DE2147644 A DE 2147644A DE 2147644 C3 DE2147644 C3 DE 2147644C3
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- catalyst
- aluminum
- nickel
- regeneration
- weight
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims description 141
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 title claims description 49
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 title claims description 49
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 title claims description 43
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 title claims description 42
- NPXOKRUENSOPAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Raney nickel Chemical compound [Al].[Ni] NPXOKRUENSOPAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 16
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims description 9
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 81
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 65
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 64
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- CDQSJQSWAWPGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCCC(O)O CDQSJQSWAWPGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- ORTVZLZNOYNASJ-UPHRSURJSA-N (z)-but-2-ene-1,4-diol Chemical compound OC\C=C/CO ORTVZLZNOYNASJ-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Succinic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N butanedioic acid Chemical compound O[14C](=O)CC[14C](O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 51
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 39
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 25
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 21
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 19
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 14
- 229910001854 alkali hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000007420 reactivation Effects 0.000 description 10
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 5
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 208000004434 Calcinosis Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000001384 succinic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- JKTCBAGSMQIFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dihydrofuran Chemical compound C1CC=CO1 JKTCBAGSMQIFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ARGCQEVBJHPOGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-dihydrofuran Chemical compound C1OCC=C1 ARGCQEVBJHPOGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 235000005979 Citrus limon Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 244000131522 Citrus pyriformis Species 0.000 description 2
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001815 facial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-RKEGKUSMSA-N Calcium-47 Chemical compound [47Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-RKEGKUSMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical class [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YYCNOHYMCOXPPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;nickel Chemical class [AlH3].[Ni] YYCNOHYMCOXPPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229940024545 aluminum hydroxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940024546 aluminum hydroxide gel Drugs 0.000 description 1
- SMYKVLBUSSNXMV-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminum;trihydroxide;hydrate Chemical compound O.[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] SMYKVLBUSSNXMV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011260 aqueous acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- DLDJFQGPPSQZKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-2-yne-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCC#CCO DLDJFQGPPSQZKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 butylene diol Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QXDHJHQRJCJRAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid Chemical compound [Ca].OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O QXDHJHQRJCJRAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;oxido(oxo)alumane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Al]=O.[O-][Al]=O XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001364 causal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009089 cytolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002779 inactivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004072 lung Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003134 recirculating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007363 ring formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C29/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C29/17—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by hydrogenation of carbon-to-carbon double or triple bonds
- C07C29/172—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by hydrogenation of carbon-to-carbon double or triple bonds with the obtention of a fully saturated alcohol
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/90—Regeneration or reactivation
- B01J23/94—Regeneration or reactivation of catalysts comprising metals, oxides or hydroxides of the iron group metals or copper
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J25/00—Catalysts of the Raney type
- B01J25/02—Raney nickel
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J38/00—Regeneration or reactivation of catalysts, in general
- B01J38/48—Liquid treating or treating in liquid phase, e.g. dissolved or suspended
- B01J38/60—Liquid treating or treating in liquid phase, e.g. dissolved or suspended using acids
- B01J38/62—Liquid treating or treating in liquid phase, e.g. dissolved or suspended using acids organic
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J38/00—Regeneration or reactivation of catalysts, in general
- B01J38/48—Liquid treating or treating in liquid phase, e.g. dissolved or suspended
- B01J38/64—Liquid treating or treating in liquid phase, e.g. dissolved or suspended using alkaline material; using salts
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/584—Recycling of catalysts
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US7454770A | 1970-09-23 | 1970-09-23 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE2147644A1 DE2147644A1 (de) | 1972-03-30 |
| DE2147644B2 DE2147644B2 (de) | 1975-02-06 |
| DE2147644C3 true DE2147644C3 (de) | 1978-12-21 |
Family
ID=22120144
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2147644A Expired DE2147644C3 (de) | 1970-09-23 | 1971-09-23 | Verfahren zur Regenerierung von Nickel-Aluminium-Katalysatoren durch Waschen mit Poly carbonsäure |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3676364A (enExample) |
| BE (1) | BE772919A (enExample) |
| CA (1) | CA967933A (enExample) |
| DE (1) | DE2147644C3 (enExample) |
| FR (1) | FR2108424A5 (enExample) |
| GB (1) | GB1307962A (enExample) |
| NL (1) | NL7113098A (enExample) |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3965035A (en) * | 1974-09-18 | 1976-06-22 | Corning Glass Works | Enzyme carrier regeneration |
| US4366332A (en) * | 1981-01-21 | 1982-12-28 | Hydrocarbon Research, Inc. | Catalytic hydrogenolysis of alditols to product glycerol and polyols |
| US4380678A (en) * | 1981-01-21 | 1983-04-19 | Hydrocarbon Research, Inc. | Multi-stage aldoses to polyols process |
| US4338472A (en) * | 1981-01-21 | 1982-07-06 | Hydrocarbon Research, Inc. | Catalytic hydrogenolysis of alditols to produce polyols |
| FR2662371B1 (fr) * | 1990-05-23 | 1992-08-28 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Nouveau procede de regeneration d'un catalyseur usage par une solution aqueuses de peroxyde d'hydrogene stabilisee par un compose organique et composition utilisable dans ce procede. |
| KR960003807A (ko) * | 1994-07-20 | 1996-02-23 | 홍해준 | 니켈계 폐촉매의 재생 및 제조방법 |
| US6908873B2 (en) * | 2000-12-22 | 2005-06-21 | Headwaters Nanokinetix, Inc. | Regeneration of spent supported metal catalysts |
| US8906819B2 (en) * | 2009-12-30 | 2014-12-09 | Coalogix Technology Holdings Inc. | Method for removing calcium material from substrates |
| TWI787215B (zh) | 2016-11-22 | 2022-12-21 | 美商Ｗ Ｒ 康格雷氏公司 | 降低損耗的催化劑及其製造方法 |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2326275A (en) * | 1938-04-11 | 1943-08-10 | Zeltner Joseph | Process for the preparation of catalysts for hydrogenation |
| US2908722A (en) * | 1956-09-07 | 1959-10-13 | Air Reduction | Process for preparing saturated monohydric alcohols |
| US2950260A (en) * | 1957-12-09 | 1960-08-23 | Du Pont | Process of activating nickel-aluminum catalysts |
| DE1120432B (de) * | 1960-08-05 | 1961-12-28 | Kali Chemie Ag | Verfahren zur Regenerierung des bei der Herstellung von Wasserstoffperoxyd ueber organische Verbindungen verwendeten Raney-Nickels |
| US3203905A (en) * | 1962-03-30 | 1965-08-31 | Ajinomoto Kk | Method of preparing a raney nickeloptically active hydroxy acid hydrogenation catalyst |
-
1970
- 1970-09-23 US US74547A patent/US3676364A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1971
- 1971-09-16 CA CA123,066A patent/CA967933A/en not_active Expired
- 1971-09-22 BE BE772919A patent/BE772919A/xx unknown
- 1971-09-22 FR FR7134135A patent/FR2108424A5/fr not_active Expired
- 1971-09-23 GB GB4447771A patent/GB1307962A/en not_active Expired
- 1971-09-23 NL NL7113098A patent/NL7113098A/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1971-09-23 DE DE2147644A patent/DE2147644C3/de not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US3676364A (en) | 1972-07-11 |
| BE772919A (fr) | 1972-03-22 |
| FR2108424A5 (enExample) | 1972-05-19 |
| NL7113098A (enExample) | 1972-03-27 |
| DE2147644A1 (de) | 1972-03-30 |
| GB1307962A (en) | 1973-02-21 |
| CA967933A (en) | 1975-05-20 |
| DE2147644B2 (de) | 1975-02-06 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C3 | Grant after two publication steps (3rd publication) | ||
| 8339 | Ceased/non-payment of the annual fee |