DE19721565A1 - Motor vehicle safety device for protecting pedestrians - Google Patents

Motor vehicle safety device for protecting pedestrians

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Publication number
DE19721565A1
DE19721565A1 DE19721565A DE19721565A DE19721565A1 DE 19721565 A1 DE19721565 A1 DE 19721565A1 DE 19721565 A DE19721565 A DE 19721565A DE 19721565 A DE19721565 A DE 19721565A DE 19721565 A1 DE19721565 A1 DE 19721565A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
front hood
safety device
spring
bonnet
lock
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
DE19721565A
Other languages
German (de)
Other versions
DE19721565B4 (en
Inventor
Raimer Wegener
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Volkswagen AG
Original Assignee
Volkswagen AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Volkswagen AG filed Critical Volkswagen AG
Priority to DE19721565A priority Critical patent/DE19721565B4/en
Publication of DE19721565A1 publication Critical patent/DE19721565A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE19721565B4 publication Critical patent/DE19721565B4/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/34—Protecting non-occupants of a vehicle, e.g. pedestrians
    • B60R21/38—Protecting non-occupants of a vehicle, e.g. pedestrians using means for lifting bonnets
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B77/00—Vehicle locks characterised by special functions or purposes
    • E05B77/02—Vehicle locks characterised by special functions or purposes for accident situations
    • E05B77/08—Arrangements for protection of pedestrians
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B83/00—Vehicle locks specially adapted for particular types of wing or vehicle
    • E05B83/16—Locks for luggage compartments, car boot lids or car bonnets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/01—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents
    • B60R21/013—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents including means for detecting collisions, impending collisions or roll-over
    • B60R21/0134—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents including means for detecting collisions, impending collisions or roll-over responsive to imminent contact with an obstacle, e.g. using radar systems
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B51/00—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by other non-mechanical means
    • E05B51/02—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by other non-mechanical means by pneumatic or hydraulic means
    • E05B51/023—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by other non-mechanical means by pneumatic or hydraulic means actuated in response to external pressure, blast or explosion
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B77/00—Vehicle locks characterised by special functions or purposes
    • E05B77/02—Vehicle locks characterised by special functions or purposes for accident situations
    • E05B77/12—Automatic locking or unlocking at the moment of collision

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Superstructure Of Vehicle (AREA)

Abstract

The device has a sensor device (6) at the front of the vehicle to detect an impending or actual collision with a pedestrian. A control element (22) triggered by the sensor displaces a front bonnet (5) from its rest position into a raised impact position. The bonnet can rotate about a horizontal axis. The bonnet is locked in its rest position and can be at least partly opened about the horizontal axis by a spring. The control element is an unlocking device for the bonnet lock (11). The bonnet opening is released by the spring after the triggering occurs and a limiter (14) fixes the defined opening distance and hence the raised impact position.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Sicherheitseinrichtung an einem Fahrzeug zum Schutz von Fußgängern nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a safety device on a vehicle for the protection of Pedestrians according to the preamble of claim 1.

Es sind bereits eine Reihe von im Bereich der Fronthaube von Fahrzeugen, insbesondere von Personenkraftfahrzeugen angeordnete Vorrichtungen zum Schutz von mit dem Fahr­ zeug kollidierenden Fußgängern vorgeschlagen worden, die das hohe Verletzungsrisiko für die in solche Zusammenstöße verwickelten Fußgänger herabsetzen sollen. Beispielsweise sind solche gattungsgemäßen Sicherheitseinrichtungen bekannt (DE-OS 27 11 338 und DE-OS 28 14 107) mit einer im Frontbereich des Fahrzeugs angeordneten Sensorvorrich­ tung zur Erfassung einer Kollision mit einem Fußgänger und mit einem durch die Sensor­ vorrichtung auslösbaren Stellglied zur Verstellung einer Fronthaube des Fahrzeugs. Die Verstellung erfolgt dabei aus einer Ruheposition in eine demgegenüber angehobene Auf­ prallposition. Dadurch wird der Abstand der deformierbaren und dabei energieabsorbier­ baren Fronthaube zu darunter liegenden, nicht deformierbaren Fahrzeugteilen, insbeson­ dere der Brennkraftmaschine erhöht, so daß ein größerer Verformungsweg zur Verfügung steht. Dazu wird die Fronthaube im hinteren Vorderwagenbereich angehoben und dabei um eine horizontale Drehachse im Frontbereich geschwenkt. Es ist auch bekannt, die Front­ haube insgesamt im wesentlichen parallel im vorderen und hinteren Vorderwagenbereich anzuheben. Als Stellglieder dazu werden durch die Sensorvorrichtung auslösbare Gassack­ einrichtungen und pyrotechnische Treibsätze vorgeschlagen. Solche Sicherheitseinrich­ tungen sind nur mit größerem Aufwand und speziellen zusätzlichen Bauteilen zu realisieren.There are already a number of vehicles in the area of the bonnet, in particular Devices arranged to protect driving vehicles from passenger vehicles Conflicting pedestrians have been suggested that the high risk of injury to minimize pedestrians involved in such collisions. For example Such generic safety devices are known (DE-OS 27 11 338 and DE-OS 28 14 107) with a sensor device arranged in the front area of the vehicle device for detecting a collision with a pedestrian and with one caused by the sensor device triggerable actuator for adjusting a front hood of the vehicle. The Adjustment takes place from a rest position to a raised position impact position. This makes the distance between the deformable and thereby energy absorbing front hood to underlying, non-deformable vehicle parts, in particular that of the internal combustion engine increases, so that a larger deformation path is available stands. To do this, the front hood in the rear area of the front end is raised and turned around a horizontal axis of rotation pivoted in the front area. It is also known the front Overall, the hood is essentially parallel in the front and rear front section to raise. Airbags that can be triggered by the sensor device are used as actuators for this purpose facilities and pyrotechnic propellants proposed. Such security device can only be realized with great effort and special additional components.

Weiter sind zum Schutz von Kollisionen mit Fußgängern Fang- oder Rückhaltevorrich­ tungen bekannt, die ebenfalls von einer Sensoreinrichtung ausgelöst werden und die verhindern sollen, daß ein auf die Fahrzeughaube geschleuderter Fußgänger wieder von der Fahrzeughaube herunterrutscht (DE-OS 24 55 258). Dazu ist als Fangeinrichtung ein U- förmiger Rohrbügel bekannt, dessen nach hinten weisende Arme drehbar am Fahrzeug angelenkt sind. Dieser Bügel klappt bei einem Zusammenstoß mit einem Fußgänger, aus­ gelöst durch die Sensoreinrichtung, aus seiner Ruhestellung nach oben und verhindert, daß ein auf die Fahrzeughaube geschleuderter Fußgänger nach vorne unter das Fahrzeug rutscht. Eine weitere ähnliche Anordnung besteht aus einem schlauchartigen Wulst an der vorderen Kante der Fahrzeughaube, welcher im Falle einer Kollision aufblasbar ist. Im aufgeblasenen Zustand des Wulstes entspricht dies etwa der Wirkung einer im vorderen Bereich unfallbedingt angehobenen Fronthaube. Sowohl die bekannte Bügelanordnung als auch der aufblasbare Wulst erfordern aufwendige Einrichtungen.There is also a safety catch device to protect collisions with pedestrians lines known, which are also triggered by a sensor device and to prevent a pedestrian thrown onto the vehicle hood again by the vehicle hood slips down (DE-OS 24 55 258). For this purpose, a U- shaped pipe bracket known, the rear-facing arms rotatable on the vehicle are articulated. This bracket folds out in the event of a collision with a pedestrian  released by the sensor device, from its rest position upwards and prevents a pedestrian thrown onto the hood under the vehicle slips. Another similar arrangement consists of a tubular bead on the front edge of the vehicle hood, which is inflatable in the event of a collision. in the inflated state of the bead corresponds approximately to the effect of one in the front Area of front hood raised due to accident. Both the known bracket arrangement as the inflatable bead also requires complex facilities.

Weiter ist es bekannt, im Bereich der Vorderkante der Fronthaube sensorgesteuerte, energieabsorbierende Körper im Falle einer Kollision mit einem Fußgänger auszufahren, um aufprallweiche Kanten zu erhalten (US-PS 4,015,870 und DE-OS 25 14 951). Auch diese Sicherheitseinrichtungen erfordern einen erheblichen Aufwand.It is also known to have sensor-controlled in the area of the front edge of the front hood, extend energy-absorbing bodies in the event of a collision with a pedestrian, to obtain soft edges (US-PS 4,015,870 and DE-OS 25 14 951). Also these safety devices require considerable effort.

Als Sensorvorrichtung zur Kollisionserfassung mit einem Fußgänger sind zudem eine oder zwei übereinander liegende Sensorleisten bekannt (DE-OS 28 21 156). Bei zwei Sensor­ leisten wird eine Sicherheitsvorrichtung zum Schutz eines Fußgängers erst beim Vorliegen der Signale beider Sensorleisten ausgelöst.As a sensor device for collision detection with a pedestrian, one or two sensor strips lying one above the other are known (DE-OS 28 21 156). With two sensors A safety device to protect a pedestrian will only be available when it is present of the signals from both sensor strips triggered.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, demgegenüber eine gattungsgemäße Sicherheitseinrichtung an einem Fahrzeug zum Schutz von Fußgängern so weiterzubilden, daß die Schutzfunktion mit einfachen Mitteln erhalten wird.The object of the invention is, in contrast, a generic safety device on a vehicle to protect pedestrians so that the protective function is obtained with simple means.

Diese Aufgabe wird mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is achieved with the characterizing features of claim 1.

Gemäß Anspruch 1 ist die Fronthaube in ihrer Geschlossenstellung in an sich bekannter Weise mit einem Schloß verriegelt und um eine horizontale Drehachse mittels mindestens einer Fronthauben-Aufstellfeder zumindest teilweise öffenbar. Dazu sind eine Vielzahl unterschiedlicher Feder- und Hebelanordnungen allgemein bekannt. Insbesondere sind Fronthauben-Aufstellfederanordnungen bekannt, die nach einer Schloßentriegelung die gesamte Öffnungsbewegung durchführen oder unterstützen. Regelmäßig ist eine Front­ hauben-Aufstellfeder als Schließbolzenfeder vorgesehen, mit der nach einer Schloßent­ riegelung der Vorderbereich der Fronthaube in eine erste Offenstellung gegen einen Fanghaken geschwenkt wird. Erst nach einer manuellen Entriegelung des Fanghakens kann die Fronthaube vollständig geöffnet werden.According to claim 1, the front hood in its closed position is known per se Locked way with a lock and about a horizontal axis of rotation by means of at least a bonnet spring can be opened at least partially. There are a lot of them different spring and lever arrangements generally known. In particular are Bonnet opening spring assemblies known that after a lock release Carry out or support the entire opening movement. There is a regular front hood spring is provided as a locking pin spring with which after a lock locking the front area of the bonnet in a first open position against one Catch hook is pivoted. Only after a manual release of the catch hook the front cover can be opened completely.

Das durch die Sensorvorrichtung auslösbare Stellglied ist eine steuerbare Entriegelungsvor­ richtung für das Fronthaubenschloß, so daß nach einer Auslösung durch die Sensorvorrich­ tung die Fronthaubenöffnung mittels der Fronthauben-Aufstellfeder freigegeben ist. Zudem ist eine Begrenzungsvorrichtung zur Festlegung eines bestimmten Öffnungswegs der Front­ haube und damit zur Festlegung der angehobenen Aufprallposition vorgesehen.The actuator that can be triggered by the sensor device is a controllable unlocking device direction for the bonnet lock, so that after a trigger by the sensor device  the front hood opening is released by means of the front hood spring. In addition is a limiting device for determining a specific opening path of the front hood and thus intended to determine the raised impact position.

Die Sicherheitseinrichtung zur Anhebung der Fronthaube in eine Aufprallposition ist hierbei einfach und preiswert ausführbar, da für das erforderliche Stellglied zur Fronthauben­ öffnung vorhandene Bauteile mitverwendet werden. Es sind somit keine Neukonstruktionen an bestehenden Karosserieteilen und kaum Umstellungen in laufenden Serienfertigungen notwendig. Zudem sind solche Sicherheitseinrichtungen an Altfahrzeugen mit geringem Aufwand nachrüstbar.The safety device for lifting the front hood into an impact position is here simple and inexpensive to carry out, as for the required actuator for the bonnet existing components can also be used. It is therefore not a new construction on existing body parts and hardly any changes in ongoing series production necessary. In addition, such safety devices on end-of-life vehicles are low Retrofittable effort.

In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist die wenigstens eine Fronthauben-Aufstellfeder für eine Energieabsorption stärker als üblich dimensioniert und als Begrenzungsvorrichtung für den Öffnungsweg ist ein Anschlag vorgesehen. Dadurch wird zur Energieabsorption bei einem Aufprall eines Fußgängers die deformierbare Fronthaubenfläche und dazu abge­ stimmt auch die Fronthauben-Aufstellfeder herangezogen.In a preferred embodiment, the at least one bonnet spring is dimensioned for energy absorption more than usual and as a limiting device a stop is provided for the opening path. This will contribute to energy absorption an impact of a pedestrian the deformable bonnet surface and abge the front bonnet spring is also used.

In einer anderen Anordnung ist die Begrenzungsvorrichtung für den Öffnungsweg als Arretierhaken ausgebildet, der eine Bewegung der Fronthaube in Richtung auf die Geschlossenstellung nach einer unfallbedingten Anhebung verhindert. Zur Energieab­ sorption und Abmilderung eines Fußgängeraufpralls wird hierbei die Deformation der Fronthaube verwendet.In another arrangement, the opening path limiting device is as Locking hook formed, the movement of the hood towards the Closed position after an accident-related increase prevented. For energy Sorption and mitigation of a pedestrian impact is the deformation of the Front hood used.

Besonders einfach und effektiv ist die Sicherheitseinrichtung bei Fronthauben anwendbar, die um eine horizontale Drehachse im hinteren Bereich des Vorderwagens, d. h. von vorne her öffenbar sind. Grundsätzlich kann die Sicherheitseinrichtung unter Verwendung eines herkömmlichen Öffnungsmechanismus auch bei Fronthauben eingesetzt werden, die um eine frontseitige, horizontale Drehachse, d. h. entgegen der Fahrtrichtung aufschwenkbar sind.The safety device can be used particularly easily and effectively on bonnets, around a horizontal axis of rotation in the rear of the front end, d. H. from the front can be opened here. In principle, the safety device can be used using a conventional opening mechanism can also be used for bonnets around a front, horizontal axis of rotation, d. H. can be swung open against the direction of travel are.

Eine besonders einfache und preiswerte Ausführung ergibt sich, wenn das durch die Sensorvorrichtung auslösbare Stellglied in eine an sich vorhandene Seilzugeinrichtung für eine selbsttätige Entriegelung und Öffnung der Fronthaube ist. Ein Fanghaken kann dabei in üblicher Weise manuell entriegelt werden. Dabei wird hier zweckmäßig als Fronthauben- Aufstellfeder eine üblicherweise ins Schloß integrierte Schließbolzenfeder verwendet. A particularly simple and inexpensive version results if this is due to the Sensor device triggerable actuator in an existing pulling device for is an automatic release and opening of the front hood. A catch hook can be used can be unlocked manually in the usual way. It is useful here as a front hood Spring used a locking pin spring usually integrated into the lock.  

Zur Unterstützung der Fronthauben-Aufstellfeder kann zudem eine auslösbare Treibladung vorgesehen sein. Dabei kann je nach der von der Sensoreinrichtung detektierten Kolli­ sionsgeschwindigkeit die Anhebung der Fronthaube in die Aufprallstellung unterschiedlich angesteuert werden: bei geringer Geschwindigkeit wird die Anhebung nur durch die Auf­ stellfeder durchgeführt; bei größerer Geschwindigkeit wird die Anhebung ausschließlich oder in Verbindung mit der Treibladungseinrichtung vorgenommen, da damit die Zeit für die Anhebung verkürzt werden kann.A triggerable propellant charge can also be used to support the bonnet raising spring be provided. Depending on the package detected by the sensor device speed the lifting of the bonnet to the impact position varies can be controlled: at low speed, the lift is only by the up spring carried out; at higher speeds, the increase is exclusive or made in connection with the propellant charge device, since this is the time for the Raising can be shortened.

In einer Weiterbildung kann sich bei einer unfallbedingten Anhebung der Fronthaube an deren Vorderkante eine weiche Abdeckung ausdehnen, die bevorzugt in der ohnehin erforderlichen Dichtlippe enthalten ist.In a further training, if the front hood is raised due to an accident, whose front edge stretch a soft cover, which is preferred in the anyway required sealing lip is included.

Die Sensorvorrichtung kann an sich bekannte Infrarotsensoren und/oder Ultraschall­ sensoren und/oder Radarsensoren enthalten, die insbesondere vorausschauend eine drohende Kollision mit einem Fußgänger erfassen und eine frühe Auslösung der Sicher­ heitseinrichtung möglich machen. Zudem können an sich bekannte, mechanische, auf einen Aufschlag reagierende Sensoren eingesetzt sein, die eine bereits erfolgte Kollision detektieren. Die Verwendung zweier übereinanderliegender Sensorenleisten, wie aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt, ist mit den Vorteilen einer redundanten Auswertung auch hier möglich.The sensor device can be known infrared sensors and / or ultrasound contain sensors and / or radar sensors, which, in particular, anticipate a Detect impending collision with a pedestrian and trigger safety early make it possible. In addition, known mechanical, on sensors responding to an impact may be used to indicate a collision that has already taken place detect. The use of two superimposed sensor strips, as from the Known in the prior art is also here with the advantages of redundant evaluation possible.

Anhand einer Zeichnung werden Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung näher erläutert.Exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail with reference to a drawing.

Es zeigen:Show it:

Fig. 1 eine Seitenansicht des Vorderwagens eines Personenkraftwagens, Fig. 1 is a side view of the front end of a passenger car,

Fig. 2 eine schematische Darstellung einer ersten Ausführungsform eines Fronthaubenschlosses in verriegelter Stellung, Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of a first embodiment of a front hood lock in the locked position,

Fig. 3 das Fronthaubenschloß nach Fig. 2 in entriegelter Stellung, Fig. 3, the bonnet lock according to Fig. 2 in the unlocked position,

Fig. 4 eine zweite Ausführungsform eines Fronthaubenschlosses in verriegelter Stellung, Fig. 4 shows a second embodiment of a front hood lock in the locked position,

Fig. 5 das Fronthaubenschloß nach Fig. 4 in der entriegelten Stellung, und Fig. 5, the front hood lock according to Fig. 4 in the unlocked position, and

Fig. 6 das Fronthaubenschloß nach Fig. 4 in einer nach Zündung einer Treibladung angehobenen Stellung. Fig. 6, the front hood lock according to Fig. 4 in a raised position after ignition of a propellant charge.

In Fig. 1 ist ein Vorderwagen 1 eines Personenkraftwagens dargestellt mit einem Vorderrad 2, einem Stoßfänger 3, einem Frontscheinwerfer 4 und einer Fronthaube 5. Oberhalb des Stoßfängers 3 ist eine nicht näher dargestellte Sensorleiste 6 angebracht, die eine drohen­ de oder erfolgte Kollision mit einem Fußgänger erfaßt und ein entsprechendes Signal über eine Auswerteeinrichtung zur Auslösung eines Stellglieds 22 weitergibt.In Fig. 1, a front body 1 of a passenger car shown with a front wheel 2, a bumper 3, a headlight 4 and a front hood 5. Above the bumper 3 there is a sensor bar 6 ( not shown in more detail) which detects an impending or collision with a pedestrian and transmits a corresponding signal via an evaluation device for triggering an actuator 22 .

Die Fronthaube 5 ist in ihrer geschlossenen Ruheposition dargestellt. Zudem ist die Front­ haube 5′ strichliert in einer demgegenüber angehobenen Aufprallposition gezeichnet. In dieser Aufprallposition ist der Deformationsabstand 7 zu (strichliert eingezeichneten) nicht deformierbaren Motorteilen 8 größer als der Abstand 9 im geschlossenen Zustand.The front hood 5 is shown in its closed rest position. In addition, the front hood 5 'is drawn in dashed lines in a raised impact position. In this impact position, the deformation distance 7 to (not shown in dashed lines) non-deformable motor parts 8 is greater than the distance 9 in the closed state.

Die Fronthaube 5 ist um eine horizontale, hintere Drehachse zu öffnen. Die strichliert dar­ gestellte Aufprallposition 5′ mit dem vergrößerten Deformationsabstand 7 stellt einen ersten, kleinen Abschnitt des gesamten Öffnungsweges dar. Die Anhebung in die Aufprall­ position 5′ wird im Bereich 10 durch ein Stellglied und eine Entriegelungsvorrichtung in einem Fronthaubenschloß 11 bewirkt, von dem Ausführungsformen nachfolgend be­ schrieben sind:
In den Fig. 2 und 3 ist ein Fronthaubenschloß 11 in unterschiedlichen Schließstellungen gezeigt. Es ist im vorderen Kantenbereich der Fronthaube 5 angebracht und besteht aus einem aufbauseitigen Schloßgehäuse 12, an dem im unteren Bereich ein Schloßriegel 13 und im oberen Bereich ein Fanghaken 14 zur Schloßgehäuseinnenseite hin etwa waage­ recht verschiebbar gelagert sind.The front hood 5 can be opened about a horizontal, rear axis of rotation. The dashed line shown impact position 5 'with the enlarged deformation distance 7 represents a first, small section of the entire opening path. The increase in the impact position 5 ' is effected in the area 10 by an actuator and an unlocking device in a hood lock 11 , of the embodiments are described below:
In FIGS. 2 and 3, a front hood lock 11 is shown in different locking positions. It is attached in the front edge area of the front hood 5 and consists of a lock housing 12 on the body side, on which in the lower area a lock bolt 13 and in the upper area a catch hook 14 are mounted approximately horizontally displaceably towards the inside of the lock housing.

An der Fronthaube 5 ist ein etwa vertikaler Schließbolzen 15 angebracht mit einer hori­ zontal umlaufenden Fallennut 16, in die sowohl der Schloßriegel 13 als auch der Fang­ haken 14 eingreifen kann.On the front hood 5 , an approximately vertical locking pin 15 is attached with a hori zontal circumferential latch groove 16 , in which both the lock bolt 13 and the catch hook 14 can engage.

Der Schließbolzen 15 ist von einer Spiralfeder 17 als Druckfeder umgeben, die sich einerseits an der Frontklappe 5 abstützt und andererseits mit einem in einer Führungsnut 18 geführten Schiebeteil 19 verbunden ist.The locking bolt 15 is surrounded by a spiral spring 17 as a compression spring, which is supported on the one hand on the front flap 5 and on the other hand is connected to a sliding part 19 guided in a guide groove 18 .

In Fig. 2 ist die geschlossene und verriegelte Stellung dargestellt, wobei der Schließbolzen 15 von oben her mit einem endseitigen Kegelteil 20 in das Schloßgehäuse 12 unter Druck eingeführt worden ist. Dabei wurde durch die Einlaufschrägen des Kegelteils 20 der feder­ belastete Fanghaken 14 in die dargestellte Position zurückgedrängt. Ebenfalls war der federbelastete Schloßriegel 13 zurückgedrängt worden. Nach Durchgang des Kegelteils 20 ist jedoch der Schloßriegel durch seine Federbelastung in die Fallennut 16 in der darge­ stellten Weise eingerastet. Die Spiralfeder 17 wurde zudem unter Vorspannung in ihrer Länge verkürzt.In Fig. 2, the closed and locked position is shown, wherein the locking bolt 15 has been inserted from above with an end cone 20 into the lock housing 12 under pressure. Here, the spring-loaded catch hook 14 was pushed back into the position shown by the run-in slopes of the cone part 20 . The spring-loaded lock bolt 13 had also been pushed back. After passage of the cone part 20 , however, the lock bolt is locked by its spring load in the latch groove 16 in the manner shown Darge. The coil spring 17 was also shortened in length under pretension.

Der Schloßriegel 13 ist mit einem Seilzug 21 verbunden, der manuell vom Fahrzeuginnen­ raum aus zurückgezogen werden kann (Pfeil 32), wodurch der Schloßriegel 13 aus seiner Eingriffstellung am Schließbolzen 15 herausgezogen wird.The lock bolt 13 is connected to a cable 21 , which can be manually withdrawn from the vehicle interior (arrow 32 ), whereby the lock bolt 13 is pulled out of its engaged position on the locking bolt 15 .

Zudem ist im Seilzug 21 ein Stellglied 22 enthalten, das ebenfalls (unabhängig von einer manuellen Betätigung des Seilzugs 21) eine Seilverkürzung und einen Zug auf den Schloß­ riegel 13 ausüben kann (Pfeil 23). Das Stellglied kann dabei beispielsweise durch Entriege­ lung eines Vorspannelements, elektromagnetisch oder pyrotechnisch betätigt werden. Die Auslösung erfolgt über ein Signal aus der Sensorvorrichtung, wenn eine drohende oder erfolgte Kollision mit einem Fußgänger erfaßt wird (schematisch durch Pfeil 24 dargestellt).In addition, an actuator 22 is included in the cable 21 , which can also (regardless of a manual actuation of the cable 21 ) a cable shortening and a train on the lock bolt 13 (arrow 23 ). The actuator can be operated, for example, by unlocking a biasing element, electromagnetically or pyrotechnically. It is triggered by a signal from the sensor device when an impending or successful collision with a pedestrian is detected (shown schematically by arrow 24 ).

Nach einer Schloßentriegelung durch Ausrasten des Schloßriegels 13 aus der Fallennut 16 streckt sich die Spiralfeder 17, wodurch die Fronthaube 5 entsprechend Fig. 1 so lange aufgeschwenkt wird, bis der Fanghaken 14 in die Fallennut 16 einrastet. Diese Stellung entspricht der angehobenen Aufprallposition, wobei die Entriegelungshöhe 25 und der Abstand 7 als zusätzlicher Deformationsweg zur Verfügung stehen. Da eine schnelle Anhe­ bung im Falle einer Fußgängerkollision und einer Auslösung über das Stellglied 22 erforder­ lich wird, ist die Spiralfeder 17 kräftig dimensioniert.After unlocking the lock by disengaging the lock bolt 13 from the latch groove 16 , the spiral spring 17 stretches, as a result of which the front hood 5 is pivoted open as shown in FIG. 1 until the catch hook 14 engages in the latch groove 16 . This position corresponds to the raised impact position, the unlocking height 25 and the distance 7 being available as an additional deformation path. Since a quick lifting in the event of a pedestrian collision and triggering via the actuator 22 is required, the coil spring 17 is of a large size.

Der Fanghaken 14, der verhindert, daß die Fronthaube bei äußerer Krafteinwirkung wieder schließt, kann in an sich bekannter Weise manuell entriegelt werden.The catch hook 14 , which prevents the front hood from closing again when subjected to external force, can be unlocked manually in a manner known per se.

In den Fig. 4, 5 und 6 ist eine ähnliche Ausführung eines Fronthaubenschlosses 11 darge­ stellt, bei dem gleiche Teile mit gleichen Bezugszeichen entsprechend der ersten Ausfüh­ rungsform nach den Fig. 2 und 3 bezeichnet sind.In Figs. 4, 5 and 6, a similar embodiment is of a front hood lock 11 provides Darge, in which like parts have like reference numerals corresponding to the first exporting approximate shape of FIGS. 2 and 3, respectively.

Auch in der zweiten Ausführungsform ist ein Schloßgehäuse 12 mit jeweils einem darin verschiebbaren Schloßriegel 13 und Fanghaken 14 verwendet. Der Schließbolzen 15 an der Fronthaube 5 ist jedoch hier als Zylinder-Kolbeneinheit mit einem Zylinder 26 und einem Kolben 27 ausgeführt. Die den Zylinder 26 umgebende Feder entspricht der Spiralfeder 17 der ersten Ausführungsform, die sich hier mittelbar über einen Bund 28 an der Fronthaube 5 und an einem Schiebeteil 19 abstützt.In the second embodiment, too, a lock housing 12 is used , each with a lock bolt 13 and catch hook 14 which can be moved therein. The locking bolt 15 on the front hood 5 is, however, designed as a cylinder-piston unit with a cylinder 26 and a piston 27 . The spring surrounding the cylinder 26 corresponds to the spiral spring 17 of the first embodiment, which is supported here indirectly via a collar 28 on the front hood 5 and on a sliding part 19 .

Das Kegelteil 20 ist endseitig am Kolben 27 angebracht. Der Kolben 27 ist im Zylinder 26 durch eine Kolbenfeder 29 im eingeschobenen Zustand gehalten. Über dem Kolbenboden ist eine Treibladung 30 angebracht, durch die nach der Zündung der Kolben 27 und der Zylinder 26 relativ zueinander verschiebbar sind wobei der Kolben 27 aus dem Zylinder 26 ausschiebbar ist.The cone part 20 is attached at the end to the piston 27 . The piston 27 is held in the inserted state in the cylinder 26 by a piston spring 29 . To the piston head, a propellant charge 30 is attached, through which after ignition of the piston 27 and the cylinder 26 are displaced relative to each other whereby the piston 27 from the cylinder 26 is pushed out.

Der Schloßriegel 13 kann für eine Entriegelung auch hier sowohl manuell über den Seilzug 21 als auch gesteuert (Signal 24) durch das Stellglied 22 betätigt werden. Die Zündung der Treibladung 30 wird ebenfalls durch ein Signal 24′ der Sensoreinrichtung ausgelöst.The lock bolt 13 can be actuated for unlocking here both manually via the cable 21 and also controlled (signal 24 ) by the actuator 22 . The ignition of the propellant charge 30 is also triggered by a signal 24 'of the sensor device.

In Fig. 4 ist das Fronthaubenschloß 11 bei geschlossener Fronthaube 5 verriegelt. Dies entspricht Fig. 2 der ersten Ausführungsform.In FIG. 4, the front hood lock is locked in the closed front hood 5. 11 This corresponds to Fig. 2 of the first embodiment.

In Fig. 5 ist das Fronthaubenschloß entweder manuell oder durch das Stellglied 22 ent­ riegelt und durch den Fanghaken 14 in der angehobenen Aufprallposition arretiert. Die Treibladung 30 wurde dabei nicht gezündet, da entweder nur eine übliche manuelle Öffnung der Fronthaube erfolgen soll, oder die erfaßte Geschwindigkeit für eine Fuß­ gängerkollision gering war und die Öffnungsgeschwindigkeit in die angehobene Aufprall­ position nur durch die Wirkung der Spiralfeder 17 als ausreichend erkannt worden ist.In Fig. 5, the bonnet lock is either manually or by the actuator 22 ent and locked by the catch hook 14 in the raised impact position. The propellant charge 30 was not ignited because either only a conventional manual opening of the front hood is to take place, or the detected speed for a pedestrian collision was low and the opening speed in the raised impact position was only recognized as sufficient by the action of the coil spring 17 .

Bei einer erkannten, größeren Kollisionsgeschwindigkeit wird dagegen die Treibladung 30 über das Signal 24′ gezündet, wodurch sich der Öffnungszustand der Fronthaube gemäß Fig. 6 ergibt. Der Schloßriegel 13 bleibt hierbei eingerastet und der Kolben 27 in seiner verriegelten Position. Relativ dazu wird durch Ausdehnung des Treibgases im Zylinder­ volumen der Zylinder 26 und damit die Frontklappe 5 nach oben gedrängt, wodurch der Öffnungsweg 31 als zusätzlicher Deformationsweg mit einer schnellen Öffnungsbewegung gewonnen wird. Zugleich dehnt sich eine (nicht dargestellte) Dichtlippe an der Vorderkante der Fronthaube, die einen Hohlraum und/oder eine Zusatzlippe aufweisen kann, über die Vorderkante als weiche Kantenabdeckung aus.When a larger collision speed is detected, on the other hand, the propellant charge 30 is ignited via the signal 24 ', which results in the opening state of the front hood according to FIG. 6. The lock bolt 13 remains locked and the piston 27 in its locked position. Relative to this, the expansion of the propellant gas in the cylinder volume pushes the cylinder 26 and thus the front flap 5 upward, as a result of which the opening path 31 is obtained as an additional deformation path with a rapid opening movement. At the same time, a sealing lip (not shown) on the front edge of the front hood, which can have a cavity and / or an additional lip, extends over the front edge as a soft edge cover.

Claims (10)

1. Sicherheitseinrichtung an einem Fahrzeug zum Schutz von Fußgängern, insbesondere an einem Kraftfahrzeug, mit
  • - einer im Frontbereich des Fahrzeugs angeordneten Sensorvorrichtung (6) zur Erfassung einer drohenden oder erfolgten Kollision mit einem Fußgänger,
  • - einem durch die Sensorvorrichtung (6) auslösbaren Stellglied (22) zur Verstellung einer Fronthaube (5) des Fahrzeugs aus einer Ruheposition in eine demgegenüber angehobene Aufprallposition, wobei die Fronthaube (5) um eine horizontale Drehachse schwenkbar ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
  • - die Fronthaube (5) in ihrer Geschlossenstellung mit einem Schloß (11) verriegelt ist und um die horizontale Drehachse mittels mindestens einer Fronthauben- Aufstellfeder (17) zumindest teilweise öffenbar ist,
  • - das durch die Sensorvorrichtung (6) auslösbare Stellglied (22) eine Entriege­ lungsvorrichtung für das Fronthaubenschloß (11) ist, so daß nach einer Auslö­ sung die Fronthaubenöffnung mittels der Fronthauben-Aufstellfeder (17) freigebbar ist, und eine Begrenzungsvorrichtung (14) zur Festlegung eines bestimmten Öffnungswegs der Fronthaube (5) und damit zur Festlegung der angehobenen Aufprallposition vorgesehen ist.
1. Safety device on a vehicle to protect pedestrians, in particular on a motor vehicle, with
  • a sensor device ( 6 ) arranged in the front area of the vehicle for detecting an impending or occurring collision with a pedestrian,
  • - An actuator ( 22 ) which can be triggered by the sensor device ( 6 ) for adjusting a front hood ( 5 ) of the vehicle from a rest position into a collision position which is raised in comparison therewith, the front hood ( 5 ) being pivotable about a horizontal axis of rotation, characterized in that
  • the front hood ( 5 ) is locked in its closed position with a lock ( 11 ) and can be at least partially opened about the horizontal axis of rotation by means of at least one front hood spring ( 17 ),
  • - The actuator ( 22 ) which can be triggered by the sensor device ( 6 ) is an unlocking device for the bonnet lock ( 11 ), so that after a triggering solution, the bonnet opening can be released by means of the bonnet opening spring ( 17 ), and a limiting device ( 14 ) Determination of a specific opening path of the front hood ( 5 ) and thus provision is made to determine the raised impact position.
2. Sicherheitseinrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Front­ hauben-Aufstellfeder (17) zur Energieabsorption stark dimensioniert ist und die Begrenzungsvorrichtung als Fanghaken den Öffnungsweg in Öffnungsrichtung als Anschlag begrenzt.2. Safety device according to claim 1, characterized in that the front hood spring ( 17 ) is strongly dimensioned for energy absorption and the limiting device as a catch hook limits the opening path in the opening direction as a stop. 3. Sicherheitseinrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Begrenzungsvorrichtung ein Arretierhaken (14) ist.3. Safety device according to claim 1, characterized in that the limiting device is a locking hook ( 14 ). 4. Sicherheitseinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die horizontale Drehachse im hinteren Bereich des Vorderwagens (1) und das Schloß (11) im Bereich (10) der Stirnseite der Fronthaube (5) angeordnet sind. 4. Safety device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the horizontal axis of rotation in the rear region of the front end ( 1 ) and the lock ( 11 ) are arranged in the region ( 10 ) of the end face of the front hood ( 5 ). 5. Sicherheitseinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
  • - die Fronthaube (5) durch eine manuell betätigbare Seilzugeinrichtung (21) entriegelbar ist,
  • - das durch die Sensorvorrichtung auslösbare Stellglied (22) in die Seilzugeinrichtung (21) für eine selbsttätige Entriegelung und Öffnung der Fronthaube (5) in die Aufprallstellung integriert ist.
5. Safety device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that
  • - The front hood ( 5 ) can be unlocked by a manually operated cable pulling device ( 21 ),
  • - The actuator ( 22 ) which can be triggered by the sensor device is integrated into the cable pull device ( 21 ) for an automatic unlocking and opening of the front hood ( 5 ) in the impact position.
6. Sicherheitseinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Begrenzungsvorrichtung, insbesondere der Fanghaken oder Arretierhaken (14) manuell aus der Begrenzerposition zur Freigabe des weiteren Öffnungswegs der Fronthaube (5) bewegbar ist.6. Safety device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the limiting device, in particular the catch hook or locking hook ( 14 ) can be moved manually from the limiter position to release the further opening path of the front hood ( 5 ). 7. Sicherheitseinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Fronthauben-Aufstellfeder eine ins Schloß integrierte Schließbolzenfeder (17) ist.7. Safety device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the bonnet opening spring is a locking pin spring integrated into the lock ( 17 ). 8. Sicherheitseinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zur Unterstützung der Fronthauben-Aufstellfeder (17) eine ins Schloß (11) inte­ grierte Zylinder-Kolbenanordnung (26, 27) mit einer auslösbaren Treibladung (30) vorgesehen ist.8. Safety device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that in order to support the bonnet raising spring ( 17 ) in the lock ( 11 ) inte grated cylinder-piston arrangement ( 26 , 27 ) with a releasable propellant charge ( 30 ) is provided. 9. Sicherheitseinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Dichtlippe an der Vorderkante der Fronthaube (5) angebracht ist, die einen Hohlraum und/oder eine Zusatzlippe aufweist, die sich bei einer unfallbedingten Anhebung der Fronthaube (5) in die Aufprallposition über die Vorderkante ausdehnen.9. Safety device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that a sealing lip is attached to the front edge of the front hood ( 5 ), which has a cavity and / or an additional lip, which in an accident-related lifting of the front hood ( 5 ) in Extend the impact position over the front edge. 10. Sicherheitseinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Sensorvorrichtung (6) Infrarotsensoren und/oder Ultraschallsensoren und/oder Radarsensoren enthält.10. Safety device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the sensor device ( 6 ) contains infrared sensors and / or ultrasonic sensors and / or radar sensors.
DE19721565A 1996-05-31 1997-05-23 Safety device on a vehicle for the protection of pedestrians Expired - Fee Related DE19721565B4 (en)

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DE19621883.7 1996-05-31
DE19621883 1996-05-31
DE19721565A DE19721565B4 (en) 1996-05-31 1997-05-23 Safety device on a vehicle for the protection of pedestrians

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