CN210352123U - Intelligent wheat ridge interplanting machine for corn - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides an intelligent wheat ridge interplanting machine of maize, which comprises a frame, frame front end top is equipped with the fertilizer bucket, and it sets up 3 fertilizer ploughs to correspond the fertilizer bucket below, and the spacing distance between two adjacent fertilizer ploughs is 65-75cm, fertilizer plough rear portion is provided with down the fertilizer mouth, the fertilizer plough rear correspondence is equipped with 3 seed ploughs, seed plough and fertilizer plough center have the dislocation, and the spacing distance between two adjacent seed ploughs is 65-75cm, the seed plough is provided with the disseminator at the back, the discharge gate of disseminator is located the seed plough at the back, the disseminator motor is connected to the disseminator, the seed plough still is equipped with the shape of a hoof at the back and encloses the native ware, the seed plough top corresponds and is equipped with the hopper, the feed inlet of disseminator passes through unloading union coupling hopper.

Description

Intelligent wheat ridge interplanting machine for corn

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a seeding equipment, especially an intelligent wheat ridge interplanting machine of maize.

Background

The planting areas of yellow, Huai, Hai wheat and corn in the north of Yangtze river in China, which are grown twice a year, comprise more than 8 provinces and 2 cities (Hebei province, Henan province, Shandong province, Jiangsu province, Anhui province, Hubei province, Shanxi province, middle-south province, Beijing city and Tianjin city), the wheat and the corn are planted for about 4 hundred million mu in a year in the planting areas, the mode that the wheat of the traditional previous crop is planted in narrow row and strip mode and the corn of the next crop is planted in narrow row after the wheat is harvested in the year, the yield of the wheat and the corn per mu is not in the loin state for more than ten years, and the national statistical data of the mechanization. Plowing, planting and harvesting basically realize mechanization, but mechanical operation is delayed in field management, such as: the traditional manual operation of fertilization, watering and pesticide spraying is continued, which is a great problem on the aspect of grain planting, and the operation of field management machinery is still blank.

The method has the following problems of influencing the improvement of the wheat and corn yield and the whole-process mechanization realization in China:

1. the Chinese situation agricultural scientific research system specializes as follows: the method is characterized by specialized research, one professional system for researching wheat breeding and high-yield cultivation and the other professional system for researching corn breeding and cultivation. At present, a whole-process mechanized high-yield and high-efficiency planting mode that the upper and lower wheat and corn stubbles are linked and fused together is not really available. The technology of the previous crop and the next crop in the high-yield cultivation of wheat and corn is not coordinated due to the national conditions of scientific research, and the development of the traditional planting mode is continued all the time. At present, no great breakthrough exists in scientific research.

2. The second reason influencing the whole-course mechanization of agriculture is that the family co-production is contracted and manufactured, the land is small and scattered, and the traditional planting mode is difficult to realize the whole-course mechanization.

3. The planting modes of wheat and corn are not matched, particularly the traditional planting of the next crop of corn, the production environment for harvesting the wheat and sowing the corn with the stubbles is poor, and insect pests are easy to breed and difficult to control in the seedling stage. Causing seedling shortage and ridge breaking to influence the corn yield.

4. The mechanized prevention and control of diseases and insect pests in the middle and later periods of wheat and corn are restricted, the utilization rate of the existing self-propelled pesticide spraying machine is less than 50 percent, the traditional wheat and corn planting mode becomes hard resistance in the mechanized operation, and the last kilometer of the whole mechanized operation is not opened.

5. The cultivation techniques of wheat and corn on and off stubble are not fused, the fertilizer application and pesticide investment are large, the fertilizer utilization rate is low, and the pollution is sustained.

6. Due to the traditional planting mode, the late-stage operation of the self-propelled water sprayer for watering wheat and corn fields is blocked, the utilization rate is less than 50 percent, and the mechanized watering is difficult to realize. Still be artifical the ground of watering, the water resource is wasted to the high cost.

7. Agricultural technology, agricultural machinery and agricultural material are not adaptive to each other, and the grain planting layer has the advantages of multiple times of field operation labor, large investment, high labor intensity, high cost and low grain planting benefit.

In summary, the following steps: the traditional planting mode is not changed, mechanization, large scale, and modernization are difficult to realize.

To the aforesaid not enough, now provide a subversion traditional wheat, maize planting mode, this planting mode has carried out six changes to traditional wheat, maize planting mode:

① A traditional wheat narrow row drill form is characterized in that two-dense one-sparse (4+8 inches) three-dense one-sparse, 15 cm equal row spacing planting is changed into wide uniform seeding, the seeding width of wheat is 45-50 cm, and the row spacing is 20-25 cm, so that an innovative high-yield planting mode with the height fusion of the upper and lower differences of wheat and corn of 65-75cm is formed.

② the row spacing of the traditional corn planting is 40-50-60 cm, the row spacing is changed to 65-75cm, the row spacing is enlarged, the field microclimate in the later growth stage of the corn is improved, the plant shrinkage and the density are increased, and the yield is increased.

③ the traditional planting mode of wheat and corn is changed into a comprehensive layout, when wheat is planted, a corn seeding row is reserved, the next crop of corn is planted on the reserved 20-25-breadth space, stubble-free seeding is formed, the plant diseases and insect pests in the seedling stage and the seedling shortage and ridge breaking are reduced, and the corn growth environment is friendly.

④ it changes manual control of diseases, pests and weeds of wheat and corn into mechanical control, and the width distance of 20-25 cm is reserved for the spreading and walking route of self-propelled pesticide spraying machine, so as to solve the problem of hard resistance in the field control and mechanical control of pests and get through the last kilometer of the whole process of mechanical control of diseases and pests.

⑤ the traditional manual watering of wheat and corn is changed into wide and uniform sowing of wheat, the width distance of 20-25 cm is reserved when wheat is planted, the walking route is laid for a self-propelled water sprayer, the mechanical watering is improved, the mechanical utilization rate is increased by more than 50%, and the field watering mechanization is realized.

⑥ the problem that the corn is early maturing and high yielding and the corn combine can not thresh is solved, the gene breeding of the early maturing, high yielding, dehydration and high yielding variety of summer corn in China is convenient and does not greatly break through the growth period of the common summer corn variety more than 100 days, the dehydration is slow when the summer corn is harvested, and the corn combine can only harvest ears and can not thresh.

Change traditional wheat, maize planting mode: the wheat is wide at 45-50 cm, uniform sowing width is 20-25 cm, summer corn is planted by using a wheat ridge interplanting overhead machine about 10 days before wheat harvest, the wheat ridge interplanting overhead sowing machine mechanically interplanting the corn in advance to increase accumulated temperature and illumination index of summer corn, the corn is premature and high in yield, the yield is increased by more than 13% compared with the traditional post-harvest sowing and planting mode, the corn is high in maturity and good in quality, the moisture is reduced to be below 25% during harvesting, the problem that the harvesting and threshing of a corn combine harvester are completed at one time is solved, the yield is increased, the labor intensity is reduced, and labor, money and efficiency are saved.

The novel method has the innovation points that ① changes the traditional planting mode of wheat and corn, realizes the whole process mechanization, fills the blank of 'pipe' shape of agricultural machinery for field operation, ploughing, planting, pipe and harvesting in China, makes the agricultural machinery operation reach 100%, changes ② the traditional planting mode of wheat and corn, and simultaneously solves the blank that no high-yield early-maturing corn variety exists in China and the corn can not be threshed because the corn variety is late-maturing and has large water content.

Only changes the traditional planting mode, fully excavates the existing land and the conditions of natural light, gas and temperature, realizes the whole-process mechanization, continuously increases the production of wheat and corn, increases the yield of wheat by 14.4 percent per mu and increases the yield of corn by 13.1 percent in the first-generation 65-75cm whole-process mechanization planting mode of wheat and corn compared with the traditional wheat and corn planting mode, changes the traditional watering mode into mechanical automatic watering, saves 10-13 percent of land by removing large and small ridges, ridge stalks and auxiliary land, increases the yield of grain by more than 200 jin per mu,

the technical mode is a comprehensive research on high-yield physiology, high-yield cultivation technology, plant protection science and agricultural mechanics, realizes seed saving, water saving, labor saving, fertilizer saving and pesticide saving, and has obvious cost saving and efficiency improvement. The planting mode is innovative, the potential of light energy is excavated, and the integration of fertile farmland, fertile seeds, fertile resources, fertile defense, fertile method and fertile production is realized, so that the high yield and the synergy are realized. The high-quality agricultural materials are combined comprehensively to generate complementation and coupling effect, and the superposition effect is obvious. Only changes the traditional planting mode of wheat and corn without increasing any investment, and the wheat and corn in China are continuously increased.

The traditional wheat narrow-row drill mode is that the wheat is planted in a row spacing mode of two dense rows and one sparse row (4+8 inches), three dense rows and one sparse row, 15 centimeters are equal, and the traditional corn is planted in a row spacing mode of 40-50-60 centimeters. An innovative high-yield planting mode with the height fusion of the upper and lower differences of the wheat and the corn of 65-75cm is provided, wherein the wide-width drill seeding is carried out, the wheat seeding width is 45-50 cm, and the width distance is 20-25 cm. The line spacing is increased by 65-75cm, the field microclimate in the later stage of corn growth is improved, the plant shrinkage and the density are increased, and the yield is increased.

The traditional wheat and corn planting mode is changed into a coordinated layout, a corn seeding row is reserved when the wheat is planted, 20-25-breadth space reserved for planting the next-stubble corn is reserved, stubble-free seeding is formed, the wheat and the corn are manually controlled to eliminate diseases, pests and weeds, mechanical system control is achieved, 20-25-centimeter breadth space is reserved for wide-breadth uniform seeding of the wheat, a self-propelled pesticide spraying machine bedding walking route is reserved, and hard resistance in field system control mechanical pest control operation is solved. The last kilometer of the whole process of mechanically removing the diseases and the insect pests is opened.

Aiming at the planting mode, the existing corn planting equipment mode is not matched, and the planting efficiency of seeding is seriously influenced.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to solve the technical problem, the embodiment of the utility model provides a simple structure is reasonable, and is applicable to the intelligent wheat ridge interplanting machine of maize of this seeding technique. The technical scheme is as follows:

the utility model provides an intelligent wheat ridge interplanting machine for corn, which comprises a frame, wherein the front end of the frame is provided with an upper bracket and a lower bracket which are used for being connected with traction equipment, the height of the lowest point of the frame from the ground is at least 80-85cm, and the passing height of the traction equipment and the ground is at least 80-85 cm;

a fertilizer hopper is arranged above the front end of the frame, 3 lower fertilizer holes are formed in the fertilizer hopper, a kickoff is arranged at the corresponding lower fertilizer hole, the kickoff is connected with a kickoff motor, a feed hole of the kickoff is connected with the lower fertilizer holes, a discharge hole of the kickoff is connected with a lower fertilizer pipe, a fertilizer plough is correspondingly arranged below each lower fertilizer hole, the spacing distance between every two adjacent fertilizer ploughs is 65-75cm, a fertilizer receiving hole is formed in the rear part of each fertilizer plough and is connected with the lower end of the lower fertilizer pipe, and the upper end of the lower fertilizer pipe is connected with a discharge hole of the kickoff;

the fertilizer sowing machine is characterized in that 3 seed plows are correspondingly arranged behind the fertilizer plows, an opening is formed in the back of each seed plows, the seed plows and the fertilizer plows are staggered, the spacing distance between every two adjacent seed plows is 65-75cm, a seeder is arranged behind each seed plows, a discharge port of each seeder is located below each seed plows, a discharge port of each seeder is located in the opening in the back of each seed plows, each seeder is connected with a seeder motor, a hopper is correspondingly arranged above each seed plows, and a feed port of each seeder is connected with the hopper through a discharging pipe;

the rear part of the frame is provided with a roller corresponding to the seed plough, and a damping mechanism is arranged above the roller.

Preferably, a soil enclosing device is arranged behind the seed plough.

Preferably, the soil enclosing device is shaped like a horseshoe.

Preferably, the fertilizer plough and the seed plough are three in number.

Preferably, the frame is further provided with controllers, the number of the controllers is the same as that of the kick-out devices and the sowing devices, and the kick-out motors and the sowing device motors are respectively connected with the corresponding controllers so as to control the discharging speed of the fertilizer and the sowing.

Preferably, the spacing distance between two adjacent fertilizer plows is 70 cm.

The utility model provides an intelligent wheat ridge interplanting machine for corn, which has 65-75cm large row spacing between seed plows, enlarges the row spacing, improves the field environment in the later growth stage of corn, shrinks plants and increases density, and improves the yield; meanwhile, the passing height of the frame is 80-85cm, so that wheat can pass through before becoming immature, and corn interplanting is facilitated. The utility model provides an intelligent wheat ridge interplanting machine of maize reserves maize seeding line when planting wheat, and lower stubble maize is planted on the 20-25 width of a margin apart from the sky ground of reservation, has formed the seeding of no stubble. The utility model provides an intelligent wheat ridge interplanting machine of maize is applicable to wheat and broadcasts 45-50 centimetres of width of cloth, width of cloth apart from 20-25 centimetres, forms wheat, the high integration of stubble about the maize, maize 65-75 centimetres of one-tenth innovation high yield planting mode.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an intelligent corn ridge seeder provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a top view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a view from A-A of FIG. 1;

reference numerals: 1. a frame; 1.1, an upper bracket; 1.2, a lower bracket; 2. a hopper; 2.1, a feed opening; 3. a discharging pipe; 4. an intelligent controller; 5. a fertilizer hopper; 5.1, feeding fertilizer; 6. a kick-out device; 7. a kick-out device motor; 8. a fertilizer feeding pipe is arranged; 9. a fertilizer plough; 10. seed plowing; 11. a seeder; 12. a sowing motor; 13. a roller; 14. a soil enclosing device.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the following will describe the embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to fig. 1.

The utility model provides an intelligent wheat ridge interplanting machine for corn, which comprises a frame 1, wherein the front end of the frame 1 is provided with an upper bracket 1.1 and a lower bracket 1.2 which are used for being connected with traction equipment, the height H of the lowest point of the frame 1 from the ground is at least 80-85cm, and the passing height of the traction equipment and the ground is at least 80-85 cm;

a fertilizer hopper 5 is arranged above the front end of the frame 1, three lower fertilizer openings 5.1 are formed in the fertilizer hopper, a kick-out device 6 is arranged at the position of the corresponding lower fertilizer opening 5.1, the kick-out device 6 is connected with a kick-out motor 7, a feed inlet of the kick-out device 6 is connected with the lower fertilizer opening 5.1, a discharge outlet of the kick-out device is connected with a lower fertilizer pipe 8, a fertilizer plough 9 is correspondingly arranged below each lower fertilizer opening 5.1, the spacing distance L between every two adjacent fertilizer ploughs is 70cm, a fertilizer receiving opening 9.1 is formed in the rear part of each fertilizer plough 9, the fertilizer receiving opening 9.1 is connected with the lower end of the lower fertilizer pipe 8, and the upper end of the lower fertilizer pipe 8 is connected with the discharge outlet of the kick-out device 6;

the fertilizer plough 9 rear correspondence is equipped with three seed plough 10, seed plough 10 is equipped with opening 10.1 at the back, seed plough and fertilizer plough center have dislocation L1, and spacing distance L between two adjacent seed ploughs is 70cm, seed plough 10 is provided with disseminator 11 at the back, the discharge gate of disseminator 11 is located the below, the discharge gate of disseminator 11 is located the opening 10.1 at the back of seed plough, disseminator motor 12 is connected to the disseminator, the correspondence of seed plough top is equipped with hopper 2, the feed inlet of disseminator is connected with hopper 2 through unloading pipe 3, still is equipped with horseshoe-shaped at the back at seed plough 10 and encloses native ware 14 for bury better the seed in soil.

The rear part of the frame 1 is provided with a roller 13 corresponding to the seed plough 10 and used for compacting a soil layer, and a damping mechanism 15 is arranged above the roller 13, so that the roller 13 is always attached to the ground.

The machine frame is also provided with controllers 4, the number of the controllers 4 is the same as that of the kick-out devices 6 and the sowing devices 11, and the kick-out motor 7 and the sowing device motor 12 are respectively connected with the corresponding controllers 4 so as to control the discharging speed of the fertilizer and the sowing.

The utility model provides an intelligent wheat ridge interplanting machine for corn, which has the advantages that the row spacing of the corn between seed plows is 70cm, the row spacing is enlarged, the field environment in the later growth stage of the corn is improved, the plant shrinkage is increased, and the yield is improved; meanwhile, the passing height of the frame is 80-85cm, so that wheat can pass through before becoming immature, and corn interplanting is facilitated. The utility model provides an intelligent wheat ridge interplanting machine of maize reserves maize seeding line when planting wheat, and the stubble-free seeding has been formed on the 20-25 width of a margin open land of reservation was planted to lower stubble maize, reduces seedling stage plant diseases and insect pests and lacks seedling broken ridge, and maize growth environment is friendly. The utility model provides an intelligent wheat ridge interplanting machine of maize is applicable to wheat and broadcasts 45 centimetres of width of cloth, width of cloth apart from 20-25 centimetres, forms wheat, the high integration of stubble about the maize, and maize wheat 70 centimetres takes the high yield mode of planting of innovation. The seeder is mainly characterized in that the mechanical transmission of the traditional seeder is changed, and manual operation of seed and fertilizer metering is changed into an intelligent electronic template intelligent control seed and fertilizer metering system, so that accurate seed and fertilizer metering is achieved.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention in its corresponding aspects.

Claims (6)

1. An intelligent wheat ridge interplanting machine for corn comprises a rack and is characterized in that an upper support and a lower support are arranged at the front end of the rack and are used for being connected with traction equipment, the distance between the lowest point of the rack and the ground is at least 80-85cm, and the distance between the traction equipment and the ground is at least 80-85 cm;

a fertilizer hopper is arranged above the front end of the frame, 3 lower fertilizer holes are formed in the fertilizer hopper, a kickoff is arranged at the corresponding lower fertilizer hole, the kickoff is connected with a kickoff motor, a feed hole of the kickoff is connected with the lower fertilizer holes, a discharge hole of the kickoff is connected with a lower fertilizer pipe, a fertilizer plough is correspondingly arranged below each lower fertilizer hole, the spacing distance between every two adjacent fertilizer ploughs is 65-75cm, a fertilizer receiving hole is formed in the rear part of each fertilizer plough and is connected with the lower end of the lower fertilizer pipe, and the upper end of the lower fertilizer pipe is connected with a discharge hole of the kickoff;

the fertilizer sowing machine is characterized in that 3 seed plows are correspondingly arranged behind the fertilizer plows, an opening is formed in the back of each seed plows, the seed plows and the fertilizer plows are staggered, the spacing distance between every two adjacent seed plows is 65-75cm, a seeder is arranged behind each seed plows, a discharge port of each seeder is located below each seed plows, a discharge port of each seeder is located in the opening in the back of each seed plows, each seeder is connected with a seeder motor, a hopper is correspondingly arranged above each seed plows, and a feed port of each seeder is connected with the hopper through a discharging pipe;

the rear part of the frame is provided with a roller corresponding to the seed plough, and a damping mechanism is arranged above the roller.

2. The intelligent ridge interplanting machine for maize as claimed in claim 1, wherein a soil enclosing device is further arranged behind the seed plough.

3. The intelligent wheat ridge seeder of claim 2, wherein the soil enclosing device is horseshoe-shaped.

4. The intelligent ridge interplanting machine for maize as claimed in claim 1, wherein there are three fertilizer plows and three seed plows.

5. The intelligent wheat ridge interplanting machine for corn according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein controllers are further mounted on the frame, the number of the controllers is the same as that of the kickoff and the seeder, and the kickoff motor and the seeder motor are respectively connected with the corresponding controllers to control the discharging speed of the fertilizer and the seeding.

6. The intelligent ridge-interplanting machine for maize as claimed in claim 1, wherein the distance between two adjacent fertilizer plows is 70 cm.

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