CN107853048B - Method for planting mulberry trees in intercropping and interplanting mulberry field - Google Patents
Method for planting mulberry trees in intercropping and interplanting mulberry field Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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Abstract
The invention discloses a planting method for interplanting mulberry trees in a mulberry field in an intercropping manner. In the spring of the second year of conventional mulberry planting, Hu mulberry grafts, hybrid mulberries or seedling mulberry seedlings are intercropped among mulberry rows. Practice proves that high yield and harvest can be achieved in the year of interplanting mulberry in a newly-built mulberry field. The mulberry intercropping can effectively improve the utilization rate of the gaps and the light energy in the mulberry field, greatly increase the total number and the total length of the mulberry field in unit area, and lay a group structure foundation for improving the leaf yield. According to experiments, the annual leaf yield of mulberry intercropping can be increased by more than 30%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mulberry interplanting, and particularly relates to a planting method for interplanting mulberry in a mulberry field by intercropping.
Background
The history of silkworm cultivation in China is long, and the intercropping and interplanting in mulberry fields are recorded in ancient agricultural books such as 'the edition of the mulberry' and 'the Chinese bibliography' and 'the later supplement of agricultural books'. With the development of silkworm production, people can deeply know the natural law, and the intercropping and interplanting technology in mulberry fields is continuously developed, so that a plurality of production and utilization modes are created.
From an ecological point of view, mulberry field production is a production process for transforming natural resources. The productivity of mulberry field depends on the utilization efficiency of light energy and other natural resources in time and space by biological communities in mulberry field. The mulberry field intercropping can form a multi-layer and multi-variety three-dimensional community structure, and can undoubtedly increase the utilization efficiency of light energy and nutrition space thereof. The mulberry field intercropping can make the mulberry and the intercrops form an organic colony and receive light stereoscopically, thereby reducing the loss of light leakage and reflected light and improving the utilization rate of light energy. The interplanting in mulberry field also increases the root quantity in the soil of unit volume, improves the absorption and utilization of the water and nutrient of the soil, and regulates the CO in the mulberry field2The supply and the improvement of the photosynthetic efficiency have positive significance. The intercropping and interplanting in mulberry field are also improvedThe mulberry leaf has economic benefit, optimizes resource allocation and improves the objective requirement of industrial competitiveness. The omission of natural resources such as soil, light, temperature, water, nutrients and the like in the common mulberry field is serious, the number of people and land in China is large, land resources are short, multiple cropping indexes can be increased through reasonable intercropping, so that the utilization rate of resources such as the land, the light and the temperature in the mulberry field is improved, and the loss of soil superficial layer nutrition can be reduced by 60% through intercropping and interplanting.
At present, the prior art urgently needs a planting method for improving the yield of mulberry trees in an intercropping and interplanting mulberry field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a planting method for intercropping and interplanting mulberry trees in a mulberry field, which can improve the yield. The traditional mulberry cultivation mode of planting mulberry in one year, forming in two years and taking effect in three years is changed, the mulberry intercropping and interplanting in the mulberry field can effectively improve the space and the light energy utilization rate of the mulberry field, the total number and the total length of each unit area are greatly increased, a group structure foundation is laid for improving the leaf yield, and high yield and high harvest can be achieved in the current year by achieving the mulberry intercropping and interplanting.
The specific technical scheme is as follows:
the planting method for interplanting mulberry trees in a mulberry field in an intercropping manner comprises the following steps:
step 1, planting technology of Hu mulberry grafts in intercropping and interplanting mulberry field
And when the ground temperature of 5 cm is stable at 15 ℃ in spring, transplanting the grafted body with the bud forcing function to the mulberry garden row with the soil being prepared. 3 lines of grafts can be planted among mulberry field lines, the line spacing is 37 cm, the plant spacing is l0 cm, and the 667 square meter can be used for breeding 1.3 thousands of plants. In summer and autumn, part of seedling leaves are used for feeding silkworms, and in 5-year-old full-age period in late autumn, branches are cut for feeding silkworms. Leaves are left at the top of the branches of the middle row of grafted seedlings for 2-3 pieces to prevent early emergence of winter buds, leaves are not left in the other two rows of grafted seedlings, and the grafted seedlings are cut off to feed silkworms. And (3) planing two rows of grafted seedlings in winter, only reserving the middle row, and planing one seedling at intervals in the row to build a garden separately for the planed seedlings.
In spring of the next year, branches of the grafted mulberry are cut to feed silkworms in spring 5-year-old full-feeding period, and the mulberry is normally cut in summer with 2 fists per plant and 2 strips per fist. In the 5 th season in summer, silkworms are fed by thinning strips, partial leaves are adopted in the middle autumn, and mulberry strips are used for feeding silkworms in the 5 th season in the late autumn by combining tip shearing. Leaves are left at 2-3 leaves at the top of the branch left at the base of the mulberry grafted body to prevent winter buds from early sprouting.
In spring 3, feeding silkworms with branches in the mulberry grafting land, and removing in summer.
Step 2, intercropping and interplanting mulberry field hybridization mulberry planting technology
The method is characterized in that 2-row hybrid seedlings are intercropped among mulberry rows, and the row spacing is 37 cm and the plant spacing is 10 cm. Due to the fact that the hybrid mulberry root system is developed and grows vigorously, when the trunk grows to 80 cm, reasonable cutting needs to be emphasized. And in the 5-year-old full-eating period of summer silkworms, cutting upper branches of the hybridized mulberry and feeding the silkworms, and reserving the branches for 80 cm to allow the lateral branches to germinate. In mid-autumn, a strong branch is left for continuous growth, and the other side branches are cut and fed to silkworms. In 5-year-old full-age late autumn, cutting shoots and cutting upper branches to feed silkworms. And digging one hybrid mulberry every other one strain in winter. In the next year, the hybrid mulberry can be cut by cultivating mulberry shoots. And (4) shearing weak and strong in the late autumn rearing period, and leaving 2-3 leaves at the top of the branch. In summer of the third year, the hybrid mulberry is removed.
Step 3, interplanting mulberry field seedling planting mode
And (5) carrying out seedling mulberry seedling cultivation among the mulberry rows in the newly-built mulberry field. The sowing method comprises two kinds of broadcast sowing and drill sowing.
Step 4, field management
(1) And (3) irrigation and drainage: keeping soil moist after seeding, and irrigating by introducing water every other day in a place with convenient water source, wherein the irrigation is not higher than the surface of the ridge, and the water is quickly irrigated and drained to avoid waterlogging; where water is inconvenient to be drained, the water should be drenched once in the morning and at night every day. If it is raining, the accumulated water should be drained in time.
(2) And uncovering the grass: and (4) after sowing for 7-10 days, continuously digging out the mulberry seedlings, and uncovering the cover grass after most of the seedlings expand 2 cotyledons. The grass uncovering is preferably carried out in the shade or in the evening, and if the grass is too violent in drought or sun, the grass is uncovered for several times to prevent the mulberry seedlings from dying by sun.
(3) Thinning the seedlings: this is a necessary measure to ensure the quantity and quality of the seedlings. Generally, thinning can be carried out for the first time when the mulberry seedlings grow 2-3 true leaves, and the over-dense and tiny seedlings are pulled out according to the plant spacing of about 3 cm; thinning is carried out once when 5-6 true leaves grow out of the mulberry seedlings, and the plant spacing is about 5 cm. Thinning is preferably carried out after rain or after drenching, for example, seedling transplanting and replanting can be carried out in the area where the seedlings are too thin.
(4) And topdressing: besides applying base fertilizer, topdressing should be carried out in time according to the growth condition of the nursery stock, and topdressing is carried out for 2-3 times in the seedling stage generally. The top dressing can be urea or human excrement, the top dressing is applied when 3-4 true leaves grow out from the seedling for the first time, and then is applied before the color of the mulberry seedling turns yellow according to the situation, and the top dressing follows the principle of 'from light to thick and thin application for work'. The first topdressing can be carried out by applying 3 kg-4 kg of urea to the square meter for the first time, and the seedlings are shaken once by using leaves after the fertilizer is applied, so that the fertilizer is prevented from being burnt by being stuck on the leaves. Meanwhile, the fertilizer is applied in combination with N, P and K fertilizers. The seedling leaves are thin, and the foliar fertilizer can be applied to improve the leaf quality.
(5) And weeding: weeds compete for nutrients and water with mulberry seedlings, so that the weeds need to be removed early, little and no, and generally are removed in time after the cover grass is uncovered, and the weeds can be removed by combining thinning according to the field condition.
(6) And leaf picking: in the 5 th instar of the summer, partial branches can be cut to feed silkworms in the full feeding period, and branches can be cut to feed silkworms in the middle and late autumn.
(7) And prevention and control of plant diseases and insect pests
Spraying the sanglifehrin or a 1000-time solution of 50% methamidophos before germination and after summer felling in spring; and after silkworm rearing in summer and mid-autumn is finished or 10 days before harvesting the ants, spraying 1000 times of 80% of dichlorvos or 1000 times of 40% of omethoate.
Further, in the step 3, the mulberry seeds are uniformly mixed with 4-5 times of sand or fine soil, then uniformly spread on the ridge surface between the rows of the mulberry trees, then the ridge surface is lightly swept by a broom, and the mulberry seeds are lightly pressed by a wood board to be in close contact with the soil. 667 square meter uses 400 g-500 g mulberry seeds. More than 5 thousands of seedlings can be outplanted in the same year. The drilling is to firstly drill a seed trench on the furrow surface, then to scatter the seeds in the seed trench, the seed trench is generally perpendicular to the furrow direction, the trench distance is 15-20 cm, the trench depth is 8-10 cm, the trench width is 8-10 cm, the trench bottom is flat, the soil is fully crushed and slightly compacted, and the uniform seedling emergence is ensured. In order to prevent sun solarization and rain wash, rice straw and the like are used for covering the ridge surface after seeding.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. grafting body planting technology for intercropping and interplanting of mulberries in Hu mulberry field
Besides collecting seedlings and feeding silkworms, lake mulberry seedlings can be sold, so that the economic benefit of the mulberry field is greatly improved, and the economic benefit per mu can be increased by 30%; if the intercropping is the hybridization mulberry, the mulberry twig is harvested in autumn after stumping, and the mulberry twig is cultivated by combining the greenhouse silkworm breeding as the mulberry twig cultivating leaves, the mulberry lotus seed quantity per mu can be increased by more than 35 percent. Generally, three years later, Hu mulberry trees of the conventional orchard construction are basically cultivated and enter the high-yield period, but the germination rate and the leaf quality of hybrid mulberries in spring at the moment are reduced, the influence on the Hu mulberries which are close to the hybrid mulberries is increased, particularly, the leaves at the lower parts of branches are seriously aged in summer and autumn, and much inconvenience is brought to leaf picking and mulberry orchard management. Can be sprouted into Husang after stumping on the spot and can be sold as commercial seedlings when being outplanted in the current year.
2. Seedling mulberry seedling (hybrid mulberry) for intercropping and interplanting mulberry field
The seed is used for propagation, the seedling culture is simple, the cost is low, the cutting resistance is realized, and the germination capacity is strong. Under the condition of large fat water, the growth speed is high. The strip mulberry cultivation can be realized all the year round by combining greenhouse silkworm breeding, thereby greatly improving the work efficiency of leaf picking and silkworm breeding. The Hu mulberry and the hybrid mulberry are intercropped, and because of different nutrition types and harvesting modes, the root systems have different distribution depths in the soil, so that the water and nutrients in the soil at different levels can be effectively utilized, and the rapid high yield of the young mulberry field is realized. The mulberry field intercropping of the hybrid mulberry is realized, the hybrid mulberry is grafted in situ into lake mulberry seedlings three years later and is taken out of the nursery, the variety-to-road, fresh and high-quality fine-breed nursery stocks can be provided for newly built mulberry fields, the economic benefit of the mulberry fields can be greatly improved, and the economic benefit can be increased by 30-40% per mu.
3. Reducing resource waste in mulberry field
The mode of interplanting the mulberry trees in the mulberry field symbiotically grows out of the mulberry field, and the mulberry field stereoscopically receives light, so that the loss of light leakage and reflected light is reduced, and the light energy utilization rate is improved. The multiple cropping index is increased through intercropping and interplanting, the photosynthesis time is prolonged, the photosynthetic area can be increased, the light energy is continuously and alternately utilized reasonably, and therefore the biological yield on the unit area is improved. The intercropping also greatly increases the root quantity in the soil of unit volume, and improves the absorption and utilization of the water and the nutrients of the soil. Mulberry garden capable of increasing intercropping and interplantingAir flow between plants, to adjust CO in the garden2The supply and the improvement of the photosynthetic efficiency have positive significance. The omission of natural resources such as soil, light, temperature, water, nutrients and the like in a common mulberry field is serious, the number of people and land in China is large, land resources are short, multiple cropping indexes can be increased through reasonable intercropping, and therefore the utilization rate of resources such as the land, the light and the temperature in the mulberry field is improved, the loss of soil superficial nutrition can be reduced by 60% through intercropping, the total number of strips in a unit area and the total length of strips can be effectively improved by 30% -35% through the intercropping of mulberry, and a group structure foundation is laid for the improvement of leaf yield.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments.
The method for interplanting the mulberry trees in the mulberry field by intercropping is to combine the mulberry trees with the mulberry trees.
The requirements of the planting type of the mulberry in the intercropping and interplanting mulberry field on the planting time and the spacing between the mulberry trees are shown in the table 1:
TABLE 1
The mulberry plantation interplanting mulberry planting technology specifically comprises the following interplanting methods: and (5) interplanting the mulberry.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
planting technology for grafting Humulus in one-step intercropping and interplanting mulberry field
And when the ground temperature of 5 cm is stable at 15 ℃ in spring, transplanting the grafted body with the bud forcing function to the mulberry garden row with the soil being prepared. 3 lines of grafts can be planted among mulberry field lines, the line spacing is 37 cm, the plant spacing is l0 cm, and the 667 square meter can be used for breeding 1.3 thousands of plants. In summer and autumn, part of seedling leaves are used for feeding silkworms, and in 5-year-old full-age period in late autumn, branches are cut for feeding silkworms. Leaves are left at the top of the branches of the middle row of grafted seedlings for 2-3 pieces to prevent early emergence of winter buds, leaves are not left in the other two rows of grafted seedlings, and the grafted seedlings are cut off to feed silkworms. And (3) planing two rows of grafted seedlings in winter, only reserving the middle row, and planing one seedling at intervals in the row to build a garden separately for the planed seedlings.
In spring of the next year, branches of the grafted mulberry are cut to feed silkworms in spring 5-year-old full-feeding period, and the mulberry is normally cut in summer with 2 fists per plant and 2 strips per fist. In the 5 th season in summer, silkworms are fed by thinning strips, partial leaves are adopted in the middle autumn, and mulberry strips are used for feeding silkworms in the 5 th season in the late autumn by combining tip shearing. Leaves are left at 2-3 leaves at the top of the branch left at the base of the mulberry grafted body to prevent winter buds from early sprouting.
In spring 3, feeding silkworms with branches in the mulberry grafting land, and removing in summer.
Two-step intercropping and interplanting mulberry field hybridization mulberry planting technology
The method is characterized in that 2-row hybrid seedlings are intercropped among mulberry rows, and the row spacing is 37 cm and the plant spacing is 10 cm. Due to the fact that the hybrid mulberry root system is developed and grows vigorously, when the trunk grows to 80 cm, reasonable cutting needs to be emphasized. And in the 5-year-old full-eating period of summer silkworms, cutting upper branches of the hybridized mulberry and feeding the silkworms, and reserving the branches for 80 cm to allow the lateral branches to germinate. In mid-autumn, a strong branch is left for continuous growth, and the other side branches are cut and fed to silkworms. In 5-year-old full-age late autumn, cutting shoots and cutting upper branches to feed silkworms. And digging one hybrid mulberry every other one strain in winter. In the next year, the hybrid mulberry can be cut by cultivating mulberry shoots. And (4) shearing weak and strong in the late autumn rearing period, and leaving 2-3 leaves at the top of the branch. In summer of the third year, the hybrid mulberry is removed.
Three-step intercropping and interplanting mulberry field seedling mulberry seedling (hybrid mulberry) planting mode
The cultivation of seedling mulberry seedlings (hybrid mulberry) is carried out among the mulberry rows in a newly-built mulberry field. The sowing method comprises two kinds of broadcast sowing and drill sowing. And the step of sowing is that the mulberry seeds are uniformly mixed with 4-5 times of sand or fine soil, then uniformly scattered on the ridge surface between the lines of the mulberry trees, then the ridge surface is lightly swept by a broom, and the mulberry seeds are lightly pressed by a wood board to be in close contact with the soil. 667 square meter uses 400 g-500 g mulberry seeds. More than 5 thousands of seedlings can be outplanted in the same year. The drilling is to firstly drill a seed trench on the furrow surface, then to scatter the seeds in the seed trench, the seed trench is generally perpendicular to the furrow direction, the trench distance is 15-20 cm, the trench depth is 8-10 cm, the trench width is 8-10 cm, the trench bottom is flat, the soil is fully crushed and slightly compacted, and the uniform seedling emergence is ensured. In order to prevent sun solarization and rain wash, rice straw and the like are used for covering the ridge surface after seeding.
Fourth, field management
1. And (5) draining and irrigating. Keeping soil moist after seeding, and irrigating by introducing water every other day in a place with convenient water source, wherein the irrigation is not higher than the surface of the ridge, and the water is quickly irrigated and drained to avoid waterlogging; where water is inconvenient to be drained, the water should be drenched once in the morning and at night every day. If it is raining, the accumulated water should be drained in time.
2. And (5) uncovering the grass. And (4) after sowing for 7-10 days, continuously digging out the mulberry seedlings, and uncovering the cover grass after most of the seedlings expand 2 cotyledons. The grass uncovering is preferably carried out in the shade or in the evening, and if the grass is too violent in drought or sun, the grass is uncovered for several times to prevent the mulberry seedlings from dying by sun.
3. Thinning the seedlings. This is a necessary measure to ensure the quantity and quality of the seedlings. Generally, thinning can be carried out for the first time when the mulberry seedlings grow 2-3 true leaves, and the over-dense and tiny seedlings are pulled out according to the plant spacing of about 3 cm; thinning is carried out once when 5-6 true leaves grow out of the mulberry seedlings, and the plant spacing is about 5 cm. Thinning is preferably carried out after rain or after drenching, for example, seedling transplanting and replanting can be carried out in the area where the seedlings are too thin.
4. And (6) topdressing. Besides applying base fertilizer, topdressing should be carried out in time according to the growth condition of the nursery stock, and topdressing is carried out for 2-3 times in the seedling stage generally. The top dressing can be urea or human excrement, the top dressing is applied when 3-4 true leaves grow out from the seedling for the first time, and then is applied before the color of the mulberry seedling turns yellow according to the situation, and the top dressing follows the principle of 'from light to thick and thin application for work'. The first topdressing can be carried out by applying 3 kg-4 kg of urea to the square meter for the first time, and the seedlings are shaken once by using leaves after the fertilizer is applied, so that the fertilizer is prevented from being burnt by being stuck on the leaves. Meanwhile, the fertilizer is applied in combination with N, P and K fertilizers. The seedling leaves are thin, and the foliar fertilizer can be applied to improve the leaf quality.
5. And (4) weeding. Weeds compete for nutrients and water with mulberry seedlings, so that the weeds need to be removed early, little and no, and generally are removed in time after the cover grass is uncovered, and the weeds can be removed by combining thinning according to the field condition.
6. And (6) leaf picking. In the 5 th instar of the summer, partial branches can be cut to feed silkworms in the full feeding period, and branches can be cut to feed silkworms in the middle and late autumn.
7. Pest control
Spraying the sanglifehrin or a 1000-time solution of 50% methamidophos before germination and after summer felling in spring; and after silkworm rearing in summer and mid-autumn is finished or 10 days before harvesting the ants, spraying 1000 times of 80% of dichlorvos or 1000 times of 40% of omethoate.
The method comprises the following steps of field optimal configuration of mulberry trees planted in the intercropping and interplanting mulberry field, water and fertilizer management, harvesting, pest control and other field management measures; in the aspect of economic benefit, the planting technology of the graft of the Humulus in the intercropping and interplanting mulberry field can greatly improve the economic benefit of the mulberry field, and the economic benefit per mu can be increased by 30 percent; if the intercropping is the hybridization mulberry, the mulberry twig is harvested in autumn after stumping, and the mulberry twig is cultivated by combining the greenhouse silkworm breeding as the mulberry twig cultivating leaves, the mulberry lotus seed quantity per mu can be increased by more than 35 percent. The planting technology of the seedling mulberry (hybrid mulberry) of the intercropping and interplanting mulberry field can greatly improve the economic benefit of the mulberry field, and the economic benefit can be increased by 30 to 40 percent per mu. The mulberry intercropping can effectively improve the total number and the total length of each unit area by 30 to 35 percent, and lays a colony structure foundation for improving the leaf yield.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any simple modifications or equivalent substitutions of the technical solutions that can be obviously obtained by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. The planting method for interplanting the mulberry trees in the mulberry field in the intercropping mode is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, planting technology of Hu mulberry grafts in intercropping and interplanting mulberry field
When the ground temperature of 5 cm is stabilized at 15 ℃ in spring, transplanting the grafting body with the bud forcing function to the mulberry garden row with the soil being prepared; 3 rows of grafts are planted among the mulberry field rows, the row spacing is 37 cm, the plant spacing is l0 cm, and the 667 square meter seedlings are 1.3 thousands of plants; feeding silkworms with partial seedling leaves in summer and mid-autumn, and feeding silkworms with branches in 5-year-old full-feeding period in late autumn; 2-3 leaves are left at the top of the branches of the middle row of grafted seedlings to prevent winter buds from early sprouting, and the other two rows of grafted seedlings are cut to feed silkworms without leaves; removing two rows of grafted seedlings in winter, only leaving the middle row, and removing one seedling at intervals in the row, and building a garden for the removed seedlings;
in spring of the next year, cutting branches of the grafted mulberry to feed silkworms in spring 5-year-old full-feeding period, and cutting in summer normally, wherein each plant is provided with 2 fists and each fist is provided with 2 strips; thinning strips to feed silkworms in the 5 th instar of summer in the full-eating period, adopting partial leaves in the middle autumn, combining shoot shearing in the 5 th instar of late autumn in the full-eating period, and feeding silkworms with mulberry strips; leaving 2-3 leaves at the top of the branch at the base of the mulberry of the grafted body to prevent winter buds from early sprouting;
feeding silkworms with branches in the grafted mulberry field in the 3 rd spring, and removing in summer;
step 2, intercropping and interplanting mulberry field hybridization mulberry planting technology
2-line hybrid seedlings are intercropped among mulberry lines, wherein the line spacing is 37 cm and the plant spacing is 10 cm; due to the fact that the hybrid mulberry root system is developed and grows vigorously, when the trunk grows to 80 cm, reasonable cutting needs to be emphasized; in the 5-year-old full-eating period of summer silkworms, cutting upper branches of the hybridized mulberry and feeding the silkworms, and reserving strips for 80 cm to allow the lateral branches to germinate; in mid-autumn, a strong branch is left for continuous growth, and the other side branches are cut off and fed to silkworms; cutting off upper branches to feed silkworms in the 5 th instar full-age eating period in late autumn in combination with shoot cutting; digging one hybrid mulberry strain in winter; in the next year, cultivating and cutting the hybrid mulberry; shearing weak and strong in late autumn and silkworm period, and leaving 2-3 leaves at the top of the branch; removing hybrid mulberry in summer in the third year;
step 3, interplanting mulberry field seedling planting mode
Carrying out seedling mulberry seedling cultivation among the mulberry rows in a newly-built mulberry field; the sowing method comprises two kinds of broadcast sowing and drill sowing;
step 4, field management
(1) And (3) irrigation and drainage: keeping soil moist after seeding, and irrigating by introducing water every other day in a place with convenient water source, wherein the irrigation is not higher than the surface of the ridge, and the water is quickly irrigated and drained to avoid waterlogging; in places where water is inconvenient to be drained, the water should be drenched once in the morning and at night every day; if heavy rain occurs, accumulated water should be drained timely;
(2) and uncovering the grass: after 7-10 days of sowing, the mulberry seedlings are continuously unearthed until most seedlings are unfolded with 2 cotyledons, and the cover grass is removed; uncovering the mulberry seedlings in the shade or in the evening, wherein if the mulberry seedlings are too dry or too hard to be sunned, the mulberry seedlings are uncovered in several times to prevent the mulberry seedlings from dying;
(3) thinning the seedlings: this is a necessary measure to ensure the quantity and quality of the nursery stock; generally, thinning is carried out for the first time when the mulberry seedlings grow out 2-3 true leaves, and excessive and tiny seedlings are pulled out according to the plant spacing of 3 cm; thinning once again when 5-6 true leaves grow out of the mulberry seedlings, wherein the plant spacing is 5 cm; thinning is preferably carried out after rain or after drenching, for example, seedling transplantation and replanting are carried out in the area where the seedlings are too sparse after rain;
(4) and topdressing: topdressing is carried out in time according to the growth condition of the nursery stock except for applying the base fertilizer, and topdressing is carried out for 2-3 times in the seedling stage generally; applying additional fertilizer with urea or human excrement for the first time when 3-4 true leaves grow out of the seedlings, and applying the additional fertilizer before the leaves of the mulberry seedlings turn yellow according to the situation, wherein the additional fertilizer follows the principle of 'from light to thick and thin application for service'; the first topdressing is carried out on 667 square meters for 3 kg-4 kg of urea, and the seedlings are shaken once by leaves after fertilization, so that the fertilizer is prevented from being stained on the leaves to burn the seedlings; meanwhile, the fertilizer is applied in cooperation with N, P and K fertilizers; the seedling leaves are slightly thin, and the foliar fertilization is carried out to improve the leaf quality;
(5) and weeding: weeds compete for nutrients and water with mulberry seedlings, so that the weeds need to be removed early, small and except, the weeds are generally removed in time after the cover grass is uncovered, and the weeds are removed by combining thinning according to the field condition;
(6) and leaf picking: cutting partial branches to feed silkworms in 5 th instar of summer in the full-age season, and cutting branches to feed silkworms in middle and late autumn;
(7) and prevention and control of plant diseases and insect pests
Spraying the sanglifehrin or a 1000-time solution of 50% methamidophos before germination and after summer felling in spring; and after silkworm rearing in summer and mid-autumn is finished or 10 days before harvesting the ants, spraying 1000 times of 80% of dichlorvos or 1000 times of 40% of omethoate.
2. The method for planting mulberry trees in an intercropping mulberry field according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3, the mulberry seeds are uniformly mixed with 4-5 times of sand or fine soil, uniformly spread on the ridge surface between the lines of the mulberry trees, then lightly broom the ridge surface, and lightly press with a wood board to make the mulberry seeds closely contact with the soil; 667 square meter uses 400 g-500 g mulberry seeds; 5 thousands of seedlings are outplanted in the same year; the drill seeding is to firstly sow the seed trench on the furrow surface and then scatter the seeds in the seed trench, the seed trench is generally vertical to the furrow direction, the trench distance is 15-20 cm, the trench depth is 8-10 cm, the trench width is 8-10 cm, the trench bottom is flat, the soil is fully smashed and slightly compacted, and the uniform seedling emergence is ensured; in order to prevent sun solarization and rain wash, rice straw is applied to cover the ridge surface after seeding.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711068406.3A CN107853048B (en) | 2017-11-03 | 2017-11-03 | Method for planting mulberry trees in intercropping and interplanting mulberry field |
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| CN109168916A (en) * | 2018-10-22 | 2019-01-11 | 罗城仫佬族自治县群富种养农民专业合作社 | The implantation methods of silkworm and mulberry |
| CN112493045A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-03-16 | 湖北省农业科学院经济作物研究所 | Mulberry plug seedling method |
| CN116584376A (en) * | 2023-06-28 | 2023-08-15 | 湖北省农业科学院经济作物研究所 | Rapid hybridization breeding method for mulberry |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102960211A (en) * | 2011-08-29 | 2013-03-13 | 东台市蔬菜所 | Simple method for interplanting and processing export vegetable raw material in mulberry field |
| CN104982294A (en) * | 2015-07-28 | 2015-10-21 | 太仓市丰缘农场专业合作社 | Mulberry tree high-yield planting method |
| CN106358657A (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2017-02-01 | 湖北省农业科学院经济作物研究所 | Planting method of annual interplanting and intercropping in mulberry field |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102960211A (en) * | 2011-08-29 | 2013-03-13 | 东台市蔬菜所 | Simple method for interplanting and processing export vegetable raw material in mulberry field |
| CN104982294A (en) * | 2015-07-28 | 2015-10-21 | 太仓市丰缘农场专业合作社 | Mulberry tree high-yield planting method |
| CN106358657A (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2017-02-01 | 湖北省农业科学院经济作物研究所 | Planting method of annual interplanting and intercropping in mulberry field |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 《桑树混栽效益高》;张飞生;《农村百事通》;19940415;第26页 * |
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