CN103814711B - Cultivation method is transplanted in corn arrangement - Google Patents
Cultivation method is transplanted in corn arrangement Download PDFInfo
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- CN103814711B CN103814711B CN201210465059.9A CN201210465059A CN103814711B CN 103814711 B CN103814711 B CN 103814711B CN 201210465059 A CN201210465059 A CN 201210465059A CN 103814711 B CN103814711 B CN 103814711B
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Abstract
The invention discloses the method that cultivation is transplanted in the arrangement of a kind of corn.That corn seedling is transplanted point-blank, reduce line-spacing and nest distance, increase substantially maize culture density, improve the percentage of earbearing tiller, thus increase substantially corn yield, its agronomy flow process comprises front and back crops for rotation and is connected, and the corn variety of resistance to dense planting is selected, seedbed ground selection, nursery, whole, beat nest, fertilising, transplanting, management and results.Corn arrangement transplanting can increase about 1000 plants/acre corn planting density, increase yield more than 25%.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to agricultural production practical technique field, its content is how to improve corn Transplanting Density to greatest extent in southern each province, to reach a kind of cultivation method improving corn yield.
Technical background:
Improving Corn Densities, is realize the effective way that corn significantly increases production, but along with the raising of Corn Densities, the empty bar rate of corn rises, and corncob diminishes.Current southern each province corn planting is close remains on 2800 strains/666m always
2-3200 strains/666m
2.Therefore, how to improve Corn Densities, be a great problem of puzzlement agriculturist always.And carry out corn arrangement transplanting, just solve this difficult problem very well.
Carry out corn arrangement to transplant, be easy to make Corn Densities reach more than 4000 plants/acre.Increase substantially corn yield.In other words, carry out corn arrangement and transplant, make line-spacing narrow down to 120cm by 160cm, maize planting 1000 strains/666m can be increased
2left and right.Volume increase 100 kilograms/666m
2above.
Carry out corn arrangement transplanting, corn is arranged on one wire, transplant easily, plant improve work efficiency than traditional cave, about every mu of increase transplanting 1000 strain, it is almost equal that its amount of labour used and cave plant the amount of labour used.Carry out corn arrangement to transplant, topdress, earth up, spray the management work such as medicine and become and be more prone to.
Therefore, carry out corn arrangement and transplant, can planting density be increased substantially, increase substantially per unit area yield.
Summary of the invention:
The invention solves maize planting and improve density difficulty problem, no matter any plot, any soil property and landform, carry out corn row and plant, can make the density that corn reaches very desirable.Improve than conventional art.1000 strains/666m
2above, improve density 37%, volume increase 25%, increases income 21%.
Main technical points of the present invention comprises: nursery, transplanting, the large step of field management three.Nursery comprises: sowing time is determined, Fruit variety, select to seedbed, do seedbed, sowing, seedbed management five aspects.
Fruit variety: mainly select high yield, anti-fall, disease-resistant, drought-enduring, resistance to ridge kind.As single in: river 14, river is single 418, river is single 21, No. 3, Rong Yu, No. 33, No. 8, Zheng Dan etc.In sowing time, the late summer to July generally sowing sweet corn in spring from the morning in February all can be sowed.
Ground, seedbed is selected and nursery: select leeward on the sunny side, the plot that high-land, irrigation and drainage are good.200cm opens railway carriage or compartment, railway carriage or compartment face width 140cm, the wide 60cm in the ridge, railway carriage or compartment, ridge height about 6cm, and face, railway carriage or compartment digs repeatedly, face, smooth railway carriage or compartment is watered permeable, and maize seed airing 2-3 days, then sows, and during sowing, seed is spread on face, railway carriage or compartment, covers fine earth, then arch arch film.After maize seedling all sprouts, take off film and practice Miao Yitian, then continue to build film, seedling grow to leaf wholeheartedly to two leaf wholeheartedly time be best Different Transplanting Periods.
Transplanting comprises previous crops crops for rotation and is connected, reserved professional etiquette lattice etc.Be vegetable field, potato morning ground, can receive previous crops and directly transplant on request, be wheatland, will stay reserved row, transplanting after the beginning of spring on reserved row when broadcasting wheat.Carry out wheat interplanting corn.When broadcasting wheat the first year, railway carriage or compartment to be opened by 133cm, planting 66cm wheat, stay the reserved row of 66cm, on reserved row, plant a line corn after the beginning of spring, move back nest about 13cm.Early potato ground, vegetable field open railway carriage or compartment by 120-133cm after previous crops is received, and plant a line corn, move back nest about 13cm.
Its transplant step: wholely: vegetables, potato ground previous crops receive after available rotovator wholely, also can no-tillage direct beat nest fertilising transplant, wheatland, dig with hoe when winter slack carefully broken, start after the beginning of spring transplant.Play nest fertilising, fertilizer plan.Add corn planting density, just should increase fertilizer application amount, fertilizer calculates individual plant, then calculate every mu of consumption by strain, general every strain 4g pure N, 2.5gP
2o
5, 3gk
2o, and the trace elements such as zinc of arranging in pairs or groups, iron, sulphur, this is one of core of this technology.Such as plan planting density 4000 strains/666m
2, its pure N consumption is 16 kilograms/666m
2, to amount to urea be 35 kilograms/666m
2, P
2o
510 kilograms, amount to superphosphate 80 kilograms/666m
2, K
2o12 kilogram, amount to potassium chloride 22 kilograms/666m
2, micro-fertilizer such as zinc, iron is appropriate.If farmyard manure is sufficient, reduce fertilizer amount by calculating.
Play nest fertilising: according to deep application of fertilizer principle, open railway carriage or compartment by 120-133cm, a line fertilising nest is beaten in every railway carriage or compartment, and wheatland beats a line nest at reserved row, vegetable field, early potato or autumn corn are then opened railway carriage or compartment by 120-133cm and beaten a line nest after previous crops results on vacant lot.Dark more than the 13cm of nest.
Fertilising: consumption according to plan, every 666m
2with crossing more than phosphate fertilizer 80kg jin, more than urea 30kg, potassium chloride more than 20kg.Or composite fertilizer more than 100kg.As farmyard manure is sufficient, take the circumstances into consideration to reduce fertilizer amount by calculating.
Do transplanting ditch, full field in a direction, in the ditching of nest side, on the one hand fertilizer is covered, make corn arrangement transplanting ditch on the other hand, ditch depth is deeply brood, in order to ridging of topdressing.This is core technology two.
Transplant, transplanting comprises lifting, transplants, waters normal root water, lid mulch film.
Lifting, seedling grows to a leaf and wholeheartedly transplants to during the two leaf hearts, and during lifting, major technique saves seedlings root from damage, now seedling is except main root, separately has side root 1-2 bar, and length 6-10cm is not cun etc., go up fibrous root, keep these root systems not hinder disconnected, transplant mass action very greatly to raising, therefore a water is watered in the front seedbed of lifting, mud is shaked off during lifting, save root system from damage, lifting limit classification in limit during lifting, rejects weak seedling, sick seedling.This is core technology three.
Transplant: water permeable by ready-made transplanting ditch, have dung polluted water, convert clearly that excrement pouring is better, also can not water in the plot of good conditions for soil moisture, then seedling is transplanted every nest by about 13cm spacing in the rows and plant a strain, be arranged in rows.Transplanting depth with seedling rhizome grading as well, is transplanted position and is partially loosened the soil 3-5cm place, direction as well, in order to ridging of topdressing later with bottom of trench.Normal root water has been watered after transplanting.Notice during transplanting that spacing in the rows is consistent, transplant the depth consistent, be arranged in rows, this is this technological core technology four.
Epiphragma: cover with 50cm plastic membrane, draw seedling optionally, can postpone early spring and draw seedling, in order to survival and growth in 3-5 days.
After transplanting optionally in time artificial weeding or chemical weed control once to repeatedly.
Field management: field management comprises weeding, topdresses, earths up, prevention and elimination of disease and pests.During corn survival and growth, weeds easily grow, and especially under humid climate condition, weeds more easily grow, and therefore will note management of weeds, and management of weeds mainly combines ridging of topdressing and carries out.When corn 50-60cm, topdress once, ridging of earthing up after topdressing, removes weeds simultaneously.As arid, should pour water and take precautions against drought.Heavily ear manuer is chased after in the corn typhon phase.
Results: break bud, threshing again after the ripe dry shell of corn, dry, sell or preserve stand-by.
The present invention efficiently solves and improves corn planting density problem, the two strain of the every nest of traditional corn, or width duplicate rows, two strain corns interact, widen nest distance, unfavorable raising density, this technology is carried out arrangement and is transplanted, by two strain arrangement on one wire, one is reduce line-spacing, two is reduce spacing in the rows, spatially greatly can improve density, at least every 666m
2more than 1000 strains can be improved, volume increase 100 kilograms/666m
2above.Combine and increase fertilizer amount, use and reduce plant height conditioning agent, effect can be more desirable.
Embodiment
The present invention is described further in conjunction with the embodiments, 1.2 mu that carry out for me.
1, kind is selected: select the precious U.S. sweet super sweet Sweet corn variety of guangdong agricultural science Yuan Guangzhou city Lv Ba seedling Co., Ltd.
2, nursery: February 19, be seedbed, the wide 200cm in seedbed in this plot, wherein face, railway carriage or compartment 140cm chi, long 330cm, repeatedly dig, broken thin leveling, water permeable, and February 23 by seed broadcasting in face, railway carriage or compartment, cover fine earth, then cover flat film and arch film.
3, seedbed management: after 10 days, seedling is unearthed successively.Now groundwork is protection against cold and freezing conditions, can take off film, and removed by flat film at fair weather after 10 o'clock, continues to build arch film before 4 o'clock of afternoon.With backsight weather, two can be opened by fine day, and in spacious 4-6 hour, all the other times cover tightly surrounding, as overcast and rainy Cold Wave Weather, cover tightly surrounding, are strictly on guard against freeze injury.Seedling 2 leaf is wholeheartedly transplanted.Transplant and start in previous week to practice seedling, after making transplanting, adapt to cold shut weather in early spring.
4, plot prepares, and previous crops is rape point interplanting pea point, and 133cm opens railway carriage or compartment, 66cm kind rape point, 66cm kind pea point, plan 1.0 mu of ground after the beginning of spring and carry out arrangement transplanting, conventional transplanting is carried out on 0.2 mu of ground, started to root out successively pea seedlings and Brassica campestris L seedling and dig soil, broken thin leveling March 20.
5, play nest fertilising, arrangement is transplanted ground and is being dug broken thin plot by 133cm line-spacing, and 30cm nest is apart from beating nest, the dark 13-20cm of nest.And execute 80kg superphosphate altogether according to plan, 30kg urea, 25kg potassium chloride.
6, do transplanting ditch, do transplanting ditch, more than ditch depth 13cm after fertilising in nest 1 side, loosening the soil of digging directly covers the fertilizer of nest.
7, transplant, transplanted successively to March 26 March 22, mainly contain lifting, transplanted seedling, water normal root water, lid mulch film 4 contents.Lifting: by a leaf wholeheartedly left and right seedling with little sledge gently sledge rise, save root system from damage, tremble and only or slightly tremble earth, reject disability, weak, sick seedling, put neat.
Plant seedling, the seedling gone out by sledge is planted in ready-made transplanting ditch, and transplanting position, take bottom of trench as boundary, partially near loosening the soil about 3cm, in order to ridging of topdressing in the future.Transplanting depth for standard, should not be crossed dark or excessively shallow with rhizome grading.
Transplanting Density, line-spacing 133cm, spacing in the rows 13cm, amount to every mu and plant 3855 plants/acre, 1.0 mu of ground real cultivation 3855 strains, and another 0.2 mu of ground is transplanted by 160 line-spacings altogether, and 30cm chases after the two strain of nest and transplants.Folding mu is 2800 plants/acre, and arrangement is transplanted and transplanted raising 1055 dwarfs/666m than conventional
2, density 37.5%, waters normal root water, waters normal root water after transplanting.And water twice continuously, first time waters a small amount of water, makes seedling ambient earth steady and sure.Second time water is watered again later.Second time water is to water for the purpose of sufficient water.
Covering with plastic film: after watering sufficient water, covers with 50cm plastic membrane.Epiphragma drew seedling membrane after 5 days.
8, field management: corn plant height about 50cm topdresses once, and the upper little row of ridging combine ridging removing weeds.Carry large row during 70cm, extirpate weeds.Corn typhon mouth phase mu urea 15 kilograms/666m
2, topdress once, and weeding again.Maize of inter cropping at early spring, damage by disease and insect is few, therefore not pesticide, stops upper pesticide pollution from source.
9, gather in the crops: June 13 started to receive fresh corn ear, retail 7.00 yuan
-3.00 yuan
not etc., receive the fresh corn ear of clean commodity 1221 kilograms en bloc altogether, total income 3664 yuan, wherein carry out 1.0 mu of clean fresh corn ear 1066 kilograms of results that arrangement is transplanted, folding per mu yield 1066 kilograms/666m
2.Take in 3199 yuan, folding mu takes in 3199 yuan/mu, and individual plant receives 0.83 yuan/.Contrast 0.2 mu of ground and receive clean corn ear 155 kilograms, folding per mu yield 775 kilograms/666m
2.Take in 465 yuan, folding mu takes in 2324 yuan.Average every strain takes in 0.83 yuan/.Arrangement is transplanted and is transplanted increase yield 291 kilograms/666m than conventional
2, volume increase 25%; Arrangement is transplanted and is transplanted than conventional the 875 yuan/666m that increases income
2, increase income 21%.
Claims (1)
1. a cultivation method is transplanted in corn arrangement, it is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
(1) kind is selected; Select the precious U.S. sweet super sweet Sweet corn variety of Guangzhou Lv Ba seedling Co., Ltd of guangdong agricultural science institute;
(2) nursery: did seedbed February 19, the wide 200cm in seedbed, wherein face, railway carriage or compartment 140cm, long 330cm, repeatedly dig, broken thin leveling, water permeable, and February 23 by seed broadcasting in face, railway carriage or compartment, cover fine earth, then cover flat film and arch film;
(3) seedbed management: after 10 days, seedling is unearthed successively, now should note protection against cold and freezing conditions; Select fine day, after 10 o'clock, open arch film, and flat film is removed, continued to build arch film before 4 o'clock of afternoon; Opened at arch film two during later fine day, spacious 4-6 hour, all the other times cover tightly surrounding, meet overcast and rainy Cold Wave Weather and should cover tightly surrounding, be strictly on guard against freeze injury; Seedling two leaf wholeheartedly time transplant, transplant and previous week start hardening, after making transplanting, adapt to cold shut weather in early spring;
(4) plot prepares: previous crops is rape point interplanting pea point, and 133cm opens railway carriage or compartment, and wherein 66cm kind rape point, 66cm kind pea point, started root out pea seedlings and Brassica campestris L seedling successively and dig soil, broken thin leveling March 20;
(5) nest fertilising is played: by 133cm line-spacing, 30cm nest apart from beating nest, the dark 13-20cm of nest, execute superphosphate 80kg, urea 30kg, potassium chloride 25kg for every mu;
(6) transplanting ditch is done: do transplanting ditch in nest side after fertilising, more than ditch depth 13cm, the fertilizer directly covered in nest that loosens the soil dug out;
(7) transplant: transplanted successively March 22 to March 26, concrete steps are:
Lifting: by two leaves wholeheartedly seedling with little sledge gently sledge rise, save root system from damage, tremble clean earth, reject disability, weak, sick seedling, put neat;
Plant seedling: the seedling gone out by sledge is planted in ready-made transplanting ditch, transplanting position take bottom of trench as boundary, partially near loosening the soil about 3cm, in order to ridging of topdressing in the future, transplanting depth with rhizome grading for standard, line-spacing 133cm, spacing in the rows 13cm, water twice normal root water continuously after transplanting, first time waters a small amount of water, make seedling ambient earth steady and sure, water second time water later again, second time water should water foot;
Covering with plastic film: after watering sufficient water, covers with 50cm plastic membrane, and epiphragma drew seedling membrane after 5 days;
(8) field management: corn plant height about 50cm topdresses once, little row in ridging, in conjunction with ridging removing weeds; Carry large row during plant height 70cm, extirpate weeds; The corn typhon mouth phase every mu imposes 15 kilograms, urea once, and weeding again; Maize of inter cropping at early spring damage by disease and insect is few, without the need to spraying pesticide.
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| CN201210465059.9A CN103814711B (en) | 2012-11-19 | 2012-11-19 | Cultivation method is transplanted in corn arrangement |
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105165371A (en) * | 2015-10-19 | 2015-12-23 | 焦清亮 | Planting method of sugary enhanced sweet corn |
| CN106804234A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2017-06-09 | 林天国 | The method for folding seedling is shone in a kind of autumn corn corn disk nursery |
| CN106804238A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2017-06-09 | 林天国 | A kind of method that autumn corn is no-tillage to play nest transplanting |
| CN106973664A (en) * | 2017-03-02 | 2017-07-25 | 安徽金培因科技有限公司 | A kind of corn planting method based on data acquisition |
| CN107135789A (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2017-09-08 | 合肥卓畅农业科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of high-yield corn |
| CN109952920A (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2019-07-02 | 玉溪市农业科学院 | A kind of corn control root method for culturing and transplanting seedlings |
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| CN102763550A (en) * | 2012-07-12 | 2012-11-07 | 山东登海种业股份有限公司 | High-yield summer corn cultivation method |
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| JPS6170926A (en) * | 1984-09-14 | 1986-04-11 | 久島 繁 | Induction of gynogenesis organ from corn seed or germ and regeneration of plant therethrough |
| JP2005229857A (en) * | 2004-02-18 | 2005-09-02 | Sumika Agrotech Co Ltd | Soil covering layer solidifying ridging and usage of the same |
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Patent Citations (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101390471A (en) * | 2008-09-11 | 2009-03-25 | 罗龙宝 | Planting method of green waxy corn |
| CN101779559A (en) * | 2010-02-06 | 2010-07-21 | 东营市农业科学研究所 | Technology for organically cultivating and harvesting net house vegetables green sword bean, sweet corn and broccoli successively in one year |
| CN102283003A (en) * | 2011-06-28 | 2011-12-21 | 固镇县玉鹏蔬菜开发有限责任公司 | Efficient planting technology for inter-planting white gourd and corn in wheat |
| CN102763550A (en) * | 2012-07-12 | 2012-11-07 | 山东登海种业股份有限公司 | High-yield summer corn cultivation method |
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