CN104798561A - Wholly mechanized integrated cultivation method for Chinese little greens - Google Patents
Wholly mechanized integrated cultivation method for Chinese little greens Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104798561A CN104798561A CN201410030409.8A CN201410030409A CN104798561A CN 104798561 A CN104798561 A CN 104798561A CN 201410030409 A CN201410030409 A CN 201410030409A CN 104798561 A CN104798561 A CN 104798561A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- sowing
- chinese little
- little greens
- bedding
- wear
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Transplanting Machines (AREA)
- Sowing (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a wholly mechanized integrated cultivation method (shown in abstract figure) for Chinese little greens, and the wholly mechanized integrated cultivation method is organically combined with agricultural machinery measures and agronomic measures during production. The method mainly comprises the following steps: screening and classifying seeds, performing fine soil preparation and bedding, performing precision seeding and repressing, and mechanically harvesting; because the Chinese little greens are short in a growth period, soil physical and chemical properties are improved by deeply digging so that the proper growth environment can be created for the growth of the Chinese little greens; after the seeds of the Chinese little greens are screened by a gravity screening machine, the germination rate, germination potential and seedling rate of the seed can be obviously improved, thereby establishing the foundation for mechanization harvesting. The wholly mechanized integrated cultivation method is characterized in that corresponding agronomic measures are assorted when fine soil preparation and suitable sowing date are ensured, so that the soil environment can be effectively improved; the Chinese little greens are timely harvested in good time, and thus the labor cost is reduced and the labor efficiency is obviously increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Chinese little greens cultivation method, more precisely in a kind of Chinese little greens production process, cultivated wholely, the essence of becoming more meticulous of organically combining of agricultural machinery measure and agronomic measures quantizes the entire mechanization cultivation method for matching sowed, mechanization is gathered integrated.
Background technology
At present, the Mechanization Level that District of Shanghai Chinese little greens is produced is lower, the bedding in production process, sow, the link such as to gather is mainly based on manually, labour intensity is large, production efficiency is low, and labour cost significantly increases especially in recent years, makes the production cost of Chinese little greens significantly increase; Meanwhile, Chinese little greens of manually gathering easily makes people tired, and speed of gathering is slow, therefore needs a large amount of timely, in good time gathering of labour's ability, to ensure best harvest time.Because Chinese little greens growth cycle is short, cropping index is high, labour intensity is large; cause the continuous cropping phenomenon of soil on the one hand; easily cause the problem such as continuous cropping obstacle, nutritional deficiency; then cause on the other hand that the labour cost that Chinese little greens produces is large, production efficiency is low; therefore be necessary to carry out entire mechanization corresponding cultivation techniques, to ensure appropriate scale of operation, the establishing in large scale of Chinese little greens.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of entire mechanization work pattern of Chinese little greens Efficient Cultivation, not only save time but also laborsaving; , soil is ploughed deeply meanwhile, to improve soil-grown environment, ensure the normal growth of root system; Seed is screened, flat grain and impurity can be rejected, improve percentage of seedgermination, ensure planting percent, to ensure that the mechanization of Chinese little greens is gathered, realize the entire mechanization operation that Chinese little greens is produced.
Concrete steps are as follows: (1) seed screening: screened on gravity sifting machine by the seed got ready before sowing, reject flat grain and impurity, make seed purity >=98%, cleanliness >=98%, germination rate >=95%; (2) mechanical fertilization: use fertilizer distributor to spread fertilizer over the fields potassium sulfate compound fertilizer (15 ︰ 15 ︰ 15) and urea before bedding, during fertilising, tractor spreads fertilizer over the fields from the left side or right side of canopy, to ensure that fertilising is evenly, it is 40-50kg that mu executes potassium sulfate compound fertilizer; Meticulous wholely, bedding: at soil moisture uniformity, when soil moisture content about 40%, large sized tractor is worn seven disk plows and is ploughed deeply soil, tilling depth reaches 25-30 cm, and use rotary plow to carry out rotary tillage, land readjustment, make Chinese little greens topsoil soils in small, broken bits, the degree of depth about 18 cm.Then use large sized tractor to wear vegetables shaper and carry out rotary tillage, disc trench digging, bedding, shaping, suppression etc., 8-10 mu per hour, furrow bottom width 1.6 m after bedding, furrow face width 1.4 m, high 15.0 cm of furrow, to meet the requirement of precision drilling; Suppression makes furrow face micro-real, smooth, gathers with the mechanization being suitable for Chinese little greens; (4) precision drilling: type of seeding: use large sized tractor to wear vegetable-seed planter and carry out drilling and suppress, regulate seeding quantity simultaneously, make degree of development remain on 40-50%, per hourly broadcasts 8-10 mu; In sowing time: average daily temperature reaches more than 18 DEG C within soil 10 cm topsoil, when soil moisture content about 40%, sows in good time, beginning sowing date is early April; Thickness of sowing: sowing fabric width 1.4m, sowing number is 23, line-spacing 5.5cm, sowing depth about 0.5 cm, mu sowing quantity 2.0-3.0kg; (5) mechanical harvesting: at Chinese little greens growth 15-18 d, its cotyledon is liftoff is greater than 1cm, uses self-propelled vegetables with green leaves grain header to gather, results fabric width 1.6m, per hourly gathers in the crops 2-3 mu, can realize disposablely gathering, carrying.
This cultivation method has the following advantages:
The growth of 1. ploughing deeply as Chinese little greens provides ideal topsoil, improves soil physical and chemical property, alleviates the impact of continuous cropping obstacle to a certain extent;
2. seed is after screening, substantially increases the germination rate of seed, improves planting percent, for Mechanization sowing, gather and lay a good foundation;
3. due to Chinese little greens fast growth, thickness of sowing is large, controls weeds to a certain extent, decreases the use of weed killer herbicide, ensure that the Product quality and safety of Chinese little greens, also saves artificial;
4. timely collecting, adds agronomic measures supporting with it, and the mechanization achieving Chinese little greens is gathered, and reduces labour cost, improves production efficiency.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that the present invention adopts " meticulous wholely, bedding " schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is that the present invention adopts " drilling " mode to sow schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is that the present invention adopts " self-propelled vegetables with green leaves grain header " to gather and effect schematic diagram.
Embodiment
The concrete implementation step of this Chinese little greens entire mechanization production cultivation method for matching is as follows: (1) seed screening: screened on gravity sifting machine by the seed got ready before sowing, reject flat grain and impurity, make seed purity >=98%, cleanliness >=98%, germination rate >=95%; (2) mechanical fertilization: use 205 type tractors to wear fertilizer distributor before bedding and spread fertilizer over the fields potassium sulfate compound fertilizer (15 ︰ 15 ︰ 15) and urea, during fertilising, tractor spreads fertilizer over the fields from the left side or right side of canopy, to ensure that fertilising evenly, mu executes potassium sulfate compound fertilizer 40kg, Chinese little greens envelope row front and back knapsack duster sprays urea, every mu of about 15.0 kg; Meticulous wholely, bedding: at soil moisture uniformity, when soil moisture content about 40%, use Kubo field M954 to wear rotary plow and plough deeply soil, the degree of depth reaches 28 cm; Use 354 tractors to wear rotary plow to carry out rotary tillage, level land, make topsoil soils in small, broken bits, the degree of depth is at about 18 cm.Then the vegetables shaper (1ZQ-160) using Kubo field M954 large sized tractor to wear Shanghai Agricultural Machinery Inst.,'s development carries out rotary tillage, trench digging, bedding, smooth, suppression etc., 8-10 mu per hour, furrow bottom width 1.6 m after bedding, furrow face width 1.4 m, high 15.0 cm of furrow, to meet the requirement of precision drilling; Suppression makes furrow face micro-real, smooth, gathers with the mechanization being suitable for Chinese little greens; (4) precision drilling: type of seeding: use Kubo field M954 large sized tractor wear vegetable-seed planter (2BZ-140) drilling of Shanghai Agricultural Machinery Inst.,'s development and suppress, regulate seeding quantity simultaneously, make degree of development remain on 40-50%, per hourly broadcast 8.0 mu; In sowing time: average daily temperature reaches more than 18 DEG C within soil 10 cm topsoil, during soil moisture content 40 about %, sows in good time, beginning sowing date is early April; Thickness of sowing: sowing fabric width 1.4m, sowing number is 23, line-spacing 5.5cm, sowing depth about 0.5 cm, mu sowing quantity 2.0-3.0kg; (5) mechanical harvesting: at Chinese little greens growth 15-18d, its cotyledon is liftoff is greater than 1cm, and the self-propelled vegetables with green leaves grain header using Italian great Tyke (HORTECH) company to produce is gathered, results fabric width 1.6m, per hourly gather in the crops 2.0 mu, can realize disposablely gathering, carrying.
Its best implementation step is as follows:
(1) seed screening: before sowing, the seed got ready is screened on gravity sifting machine, reject flat grain and impurity, make seed purity >=98%, cleanliness >=98%, germination rate >=95%.(2) mechanical fertilization: use 205 type tractors to wear fertilizer distributor before bedding and spread fertilizer over the fields potassium sulfate compound fertilizer (15 ︰ 15 ︰ 15) and urea, during fertilising, tractor spreads fertilizer over the fields from the left side or right side of canopy, to ensure that fertilising evenly, mu executes potassium sulfate compound fertilizer 40kg, Chinese little greens envelope row front and back knapsack duster sprays urea, every mu of about 15.0 kg; Meticulous wholely, bedding: at soil moisture uniformity, and during moderate amount of moisture, use Kubo field M954 large sized tractor to wear rotary plow and plough deeply soil, the degree of depth reaches 28 cm; Use 354 tractors to wear rotary plow to carry out rotary tillage, level land, make topsoil soils in small, broken bits, the degree of depth is at 18 cm.Then the vegetables shaper (1ZQ-160) using Kubo field M954 large sized tractor to wear Shanghai Agricultural Machinery Inst.,'s development carries out rotary tillage, trench digging, bedding, smooth, suppression etc., 8.0 mu per hour, furrow bottom width 1.6 m after bedding, furrow face width 1.4 m, high 15.0 cm of furrow, to meet the requirement of precision drilling; Suppression makes furrow face micro-real, smooth, gathers with the mechanization being suitable for Chinese little greens; (4) precision drilling: type of seeding: use Kubo field M954 large sized tractor wear vegetable-seed planter (2BZ-140) drilling of Shanghai Agricultural Machinery Inst.,'s development and suppress, regulate seeding quantity simultaneously, make degree of development remain on 40%-50%, per hourly broadcast 8.0 mu; Sowing time: average daily temperature reaches more than 18 DEG C within soil 10 cm topsoil, when soil moisture content about 40%, sows in good time, and sowing date is early April; Thickness of sowing: sowing fabric width 1.4m, sowing number is 23, line-spacing 0.55cm, sowing depth about 0.5 cm, mu sowing quantity 2.5kg; (5) mechanical harvesting: at Chinese little greens growth 15d, during its basal part of stem is liftoff about 1.5cm, the self-propelled vegetables with green leaves grain header using Italian great Tyke (HORTECH) company to produce is gathered, results fabric width 1.6m, per hourly gather in the crops 2.0 mu, can realize disposablely gathering, carrying, and fitly load in the Turnover Box got ready after suitably arranging.
Claims (2)
1. Chinese little greens entire mechanization produces a cultivation method for matching, it is characterized in that: the method comprises following implementation step:
(1) seed screening: before sowing, the seed got ready is screened on gravity sifting machine, reject flat grain and impurity, make seed purity >=98%, cleanliness >=98%, germination rate >=95%; (2) mechanical fertilization: use fertilizer distributor to spread fertilizer over the fields potassium sulfate compound fertilizer (15 ︰ 15 ︰ 15) before bedding, during fertilising, tractor spreads fertilizer over the fields from the left side or right side of canopy, to ensure that fertilising evenly; Meticulous wholely, bedding: at soil moisture uniformity, when soil moisture content about 40%, use large sized tractor to wear rotary plow and plough deeply soil, degree of depth 25-30 cm, and use rotary plow to carry out rotary tillage, level land, make topsoil soils in small, broken bits, the degree of depth is at about 18 cm; Then use large sized tractor to wear vegetables shaper (1ZQ-160) and carry out rotary tillage, trench digging, bedding, smooth, suppression etc., 8-10 mu per hour, furrow bottom width 1.6 m after bedding, furrow face width 1.4 m, high 15.0 cm of furrow, to meet the requirement of precision drilling; Suppression makes furrow face micro-real, smooth, gathers with the mechanization being suitable for Chinese little greens;
(4) precision drilling: type of seeding: use large sized tractor wear vegetable-seed planter (2BZ-140) drilling and suppress, regulate seeding quantity simultaneously, make degree of development remain on 40-50%, per hourly broadcast 8-10 mu; Sowing time: average daily temperature reaches more than 18 DEG C within soil 10 cm topsoil, when soil moisture content about 40%, sows in good time, and sowing date is early April; Thickness of sowing: sowing fabric width 1.4m, sowing number is 23, line-spacing 5.5cm, sowing depth about 0.5 cm, mu sowing quantity 2.0-3.0kg; (5) mechanical harvesting: at Chinese little greens growth 15-18 d, its cotyledon is liftoff is greater than 1cm, uses self-propelled vegetables with green leaves grain header to gather, results fabric width 1.6m, per hourly gathers in the crops 2-3 mu, can realize disposablely gathering, carrying.
2. according to claim 1, its best implementation step is as follows:
(1) seed screening: before sowing, the seed got ready is screened on gravity sifting machine, reject flat grain and impurity, make seed purity >=98%, cleanliness >=98%, germination rate >=95%; (2) mechanical fertilization: use 205 type tractors to wear fertilizer distributor before bedding and spread fertilizer over the fields potassium sulfate compound fertilizer (15 ︰ 15 ︰ 15) and urea, during fertilising, tractor spreads fertilizer over the fields from the left side or right side of canopy, to ensure that fertilising evenly, mu executes potassium sulfate compound fertilizer 40.0 kg; Chinese little greens envelope row front and back knapsack duster sprays urea, every mu of about 15.0 kg; Meticulous wholely, bedding: at soil moisture uniformity, and use Kubo field M954 to wear rotary plow and plough deeply soil during moderate amount of moisture, the degree of depth reaches 28 cm; Use 354 tractors to wear rotary plow to carry out rotary tillage, level land, make topsoil soils in small, broken bits, the degree of depth is at 18 cm; Then the vegetables shaper (1ZQ-160) using Kubo field M954 large sized tractor to wear Shanghai Agricultural Machinery Inst.,'s development carries out rotary tillage, trench digging, bedding, smooth, suppression etc., 8.0 mu per hour, furrow bottom width 1.6 m after bedding, furrow face width 1.4 m, high 15.0 cm of furrow, to meet the requirement of precision drilling; Suppression makes furrow face micro-real, smooth, gathers with the mechanization being suitable for Chinese little greens; (4) precision drilling: type of seeding: use Kubo field M954 large sized tractor wear vegetable-seed planter (2BZ-140) drilling of Shanghai Agricultural Machinery Inst.,'s development and suppress, regulate seeding quantity simultaneously, make degree of development remain on 40%-50%, per hourly broadcast 8.0 mu; Sowing time: average daily temperature reaches more than 18 DEG C within soil 10 cm topsoil, when soil moisture content about 40%, sows in good time, and sowing date is early April; Thickness of sowing: sowing fabric width 1.4m, sowing number is 23, line-spacing 0.55cm, sowing depth about 0.5 cm, mu sowing quantity 2.5kg; (5) mechanical harvesting: at Chinese little greens growth 15d, during its basal part of stem is liftoff about 1.5cm, the self-propelled vegetables with green leaves grain header using Italian great Tyke (HORTECH) company to produce is gathered, results fabric width 1.6m, per hourly gather in the crops 2.0 mu, can realize disposablely gathering, carrying, and fitly load in the Turnover Box got ready after suitably arranging.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410030409.8A CN104798561A (en) | 2014-01-23 | 2014-01-23 | Wholly mechanized integrated cultivation method for Chinese little greens |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410030409.8A CN104798561A (en) | 2014-01-23 | 2014-01-23 | Wholly mechanized integrated cultivation method for Chinese little greens |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104798561A true CN104798561A (en) | 2015-07-29 |
Family
ID=53684133
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410030409.8A Pending CN104798561A (en) | 2014-01-23 | 2014-01-23 | Wholly mechanized integrated cultivation method for Chinese little greens |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN104798561A (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105393774A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2016-03-16 | 望江乐和生态农业有限公司 | Chinese little greens plantation method in summer dog days |
| CN105766330A (en) * | 2016-03-16 | 2016-07-20 | 袁元荣 | Planting method of organic pterocladia tenuis |
| CN107278549A (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2017-10-24 | 上海市农业科学院 | The cultural method of crowndaisy chrysanthemum mechanization |
| CN109005789A (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2018-12-18 | 湖州吴兴金农生态农业发展有限公司 | A kind of leaf vegetables facility type entire mechanization cultural method |
| CN109315243A (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2019-02-12 | 镇江金花农业科技发展有限公司 | A kind of method of high temperature season industrialized cultivation Chinese little greens |
| CN109845598A (en) * | 2019-03-19 | 2019-06-07 | 农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所 | A kind of stem leafy vegetable entire mechanization cultural method |
-
2014
- 2014-01-23 CN CN201410030409.8A patent/CN104798561A/en active Pending
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105393774A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2016-03-16 | 望江乐和生态农业有限公司 | Chinese little greens plantation method in summer dog days |
| CN105766330A (en) * | 2016-03-16 | 2016-07-20 | 袁元荣 | Planting method of organic pterocladia tenuis |
| CN107278549A (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2017-10-24 | 上海市农业科学院 | The cultural method of crowndaisy chrysanthemum mechanization |
| CN109005789A (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2018-12-18 | 湖州吴兴金农生态农业发展有限公司 | A kind of leaf vegetables facility type entire mechanization cultural method |
| CN109315243A (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2019-02-12 | 镇江金花农业科技发展有限公司 | A kind of method of high temperature season industrialized cultivation Chinese little greens |
| CN109845598A (en) * | 2019-03-19 | 2019-06-07 | 农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所 | A kind of stem leafy vegetable entire mechanization cultural method |
| CN109845598B (en) * | 2019-03-19 | 2021-05-25 | 农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所 | Whole-process mechanized cultivation method for stem-leaf vegetables |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN103609319B (en) | The double-cropped leisure implantation methods of Wheat in North China, corn | |
| CN107306634B (en) | Combined rotation tillage method for wheat and jade double cropping high yield and organic carbon content increase | |
| CN101233811B (en) | Corn stubble-remaining ridge side planting method | |
| CN105340514A (en) | Efficient cultivation method for increasing yield and starch content of canna edulis | |
| CN103053256A (en) | Few-no-tillage-soil seeding and fertilizing method for wheat and corns under complete straw mulching condition | |
| CN111226709A (en) | Corn straw full-quantity row-concentration covering no-tillage operation method | |
| CN103503659A (en) | High-yield corn planting method | |
| CN103797926B (en) | Straw incorporation multiple cropping method in rice field-upland field rotation | |
| CN104798561A (en) | Wholly mechanized integrated cultivation method for Chinese little greens | |
| CN104303807A (en) | High-yield corn planting technology | |
| CN104718962B (en) | Simplified efficient 'deep scarification, deep fertilization and shallow sowing' wheat cultivation method used in Huang-Huai-Hai region | |
| CN106385854A (en) | A whole-year high yield and high efficiency overall planning cultivation method for wheat and maize | |
| CN103798034A (en) | Method for mechanically interplanting wheat and corn within one year | |
| CN103947494A (en) | Cultivation method for oxygenation, drainage and irrigation to gleyed paddy fields | |
| CN103931451A (en) | Minimal-tillage dry direct-seeding cultivating method for rice | |
| CN103392471A (en) | Huang-Huai-Hai region wheat tilling-free maize-tilling one-year grain high-yield cultivation method | |
| CN108901732A (en) | Potato Mechanization full-film covering, kind row earthing, furrow cultural method | |
| CN102119618A (en) | Soybean production wholly mechanized matched cultivation method | |
| CN104067831A (en) | Maize intercropped with green manure soybean co-machine sowing and returning method | |
| CN104798589A (en) | Mechanized planting method for performing whole plastic-film mulching on potatoes on dry land | |
| CN105532206A (en) | Novel method for mung bean high-yield cultivation | |
| CN106941907A (en) | The method that full film double-furrow broadcasts corn regrowth hair zero tillage winter rape | |
| CN103109604B (en) | Multi-functional no-tillage fertilizing seeder integrating seed drying prevention function and soil preparation function and weeding function and stubble cleaning function | |
| CN105613156A (en) | High-yield plantation technology of late hybrid rice | |
| CN105393789A (en) | Barley-corn-soybean triple cropping system straw returning planting method |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20150729 |
|
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |