CN1736158A - Method for breeding non-prick large-fruited sarch - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to a cultivation method for the seabuckthorn fruit asexual propagation, especially relating to a method for breeding the seabuckthorn fruit with no lunge and big fruit, comprising: employing the sprig growing in the parent tree of 2-3 years old of Liaofu 1 and Liaofu 2 which grows no lunge and big fruit as cutting branch for the asexual propagation, building seed bed and irrigating facilities, proceeding cuttage and management after the cuttage, etc. The seabuckthorn fruit with no lunge and big fruit is the strain with high quality among the seabuckthorn fruit strains, the breeding speed of seedling is high by applying sprig for cuttage, the breeding speed can be increased by employing the water from square pool in the spray irrigation with the average plant height 11 cm higher, ground diameter 0.09 cm wider than that of employing water from deep well in the same year, the plant percent is 95%, 15% higher than former, the survival rater of nursery transplant is 80%, 8% higher than former.

Description

Method for breeding non-prick large-fruited sarch

Technical field

The invention belongs to the vegetative cultivation method of sea-buckthorn, particularly a kind of method for breeding non-prick large-fruited sarch.

Technical background

Sea-buckthorn is dioecious wind pollination shrub, when using seed growing, not only its filial generation can not keep the merit of original maternal plant, and have more than 1/2 is staminiferous plant, male and female are difficult to distinguish one from the other before yielding positive results, can cause the male and female plant collocation unreasonable during afforestation, be unfavorable for breeding, waste land resources, economic benefit is also low, because big fruit sea-buckthorn is most is artificial hybridization and natural crossing, use planting seed to grow seedlings and produce differentiation, the proterties instability is so stingless big fruit sea-buckthorn is bred general employing cuttage and epicormic branch cuttage, the hardwood cutting and seedling raising survival rate is low, and therefore stingless big fruit sea-buckthorn adopts epicormic branch cuttage to breed more.Stepped on " stingless big fruit sea-buckthorn epicormic branch cuttage fast breeding technical essential " that the inventor writes and stepped in " experimental study of Russian good sea-buckthorn epicormic branch cutting " two pieces of articles that the Fuxin City forestry scientific research delivered at " Chinese water and soil conservation " the 3rd periodical in 1998 and all the epicormic branch cuttage mating system of stingless big fruit sea-buckthorn has been done introduction at " international sea-buckthorn research and development " the 2nd volume the 4th periodical, but all there is the measure imperfection, the shortcoming that raising technology does not match, the cutting orchard of introducing in " stingless big fruit sea-buckthorn epicormic branch cuttage fast breeding technical essential " literary composition need be built plastic tunnel, waste time and energy like this, increased cost, the seedbed of building does not have the muck layer, make the sea-buckthorn seedling growing way of cuttage not good enough, and adopting phreatic water to irrigate, water temperature is low unfavorable to the seedling growth; Introduced the sea-buckthorn seedling after the cuttage and adopt square pool water irrigation and seedbed frame, fertilising etc. in " experimental study of Russian good sea-buckthorn epicormic branch cutting " literary composition, just the process of test can not be used for the stingless big fruit sea-buckthorn nursery stock of suitability for industrialized production.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned technical deficiency, provide a kind of measure perfect, the method for breeding non-prick large-fruited sarch that versatility is supporting.

The technical scheme of technical solution problem employing of the present invention is: method for breeding non-prick large-fruited sarch mainly is that the spray that distant abundant No. 1 of the stingless big fruit of employing, the Liao Dynasty's mound No. 2 2～3 ages of improved seeds elite stand send out is then done the vegetative propagation of cuttage branch, be characterized in that good and physical features dead level is built cutting orchard in soil property, cutting orchard topdressed 1 time adopting fringe in preceding 15 days, spraying pesticide deinsectization is simultaneously adopted fringe and was irritated permeable in preceding 3 days; Build the seedbed at the physical features dead level, supreme thickness is respectively 15cm stone or brick the end of from the seedbed, the 10cm boiler ash sediment, and 5cm cow dung, 10～15cm river sand, with the high 45～50cm enclosure wall of brick one-tenth, the enclosure wall bottom leaves osculum around the seedbed; Be provided with passage between the seedbed, several seedbeds are a row, build several cisterns between the two row seedbeds, and periphery, every row seedbed has the wind account, has an end to connect; The sprinkling irrigation water is got square pool water, square pool water is guided in each cistern with pump, sterilize the back with being pumped into underground sprinkling irrigation trunk line through calcium hypochlorite tablet, the subtube in horizontal end shop, each seedbed, on the river sand layer, communicate and vertically lay three branch pipe(tube)s with subtube, subtube one end is equipped with control valve and connects trunk line, and several hollow billets are installed on each branch pipe(tube) both sides, and the hollow billet upper end is adorned the atomizing refraction sprinkler and fixed with vertical rod; To be cut into 12～15cm plugged ear from the cladus of cutting orchard collection, first bud of plugged ear upper end is apart from otch 1.5cm, each plugged ear keeps 3～4 and perfects bud, the blade removal of bottom 5cm, and plugged ear is placed shady and cool place, root 2～3cm under water also constantly sprays water, root soaks in the precious solution middling speed of root before the cuttage, and flushing with clean water is used then with potassium permanganate or the sterilization of carbendazim dilution in the preceding seedbed of cuttage, cuttage degree of depth 4cm, cutting time carries out before early 8 o'clock every day 15～July 5 June and after 17 o'clock; Adjust controller according to intensity of sunshine and blade face water evaporates speed after the cuttage, timing automatic intermittent spraying, taking root, 0.5h sprays 1 time between eve, each 2 minutes, daytime 8～17 an o'clock spray stopped 2 minutes in 1 minute, the back spray in 10～12 o'clock per 5 minutes 1 time of taking root, spray in all the other 2 minutes 1 time; The sea-buckthorn seedling carries out foliar application, carry out before the sun comes out and after setting, apply fertilizer first from cuttage 20 days, later on every 5 days 1 time, change into after 15 days 3 days 1 time, append fertile amount, fertilizer divides macroelement, two kinds of fertilizer of trace element and water to mix by 1: 5000, and adds Rogor: urea: water=1: 10: 10000 solution at every turn; Can be transplanted to greening, sand control, windproof location in 2 months after the root system lignification in plugged ear.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: stingless big fruit sea-buckthorn is the improved seeds in the sea-buckthorn, adopt epicormic branch cuttage to breed and can make seedling-wood breeding speed fast, seedling quality is good, and abundant No. 1 of employing the Liao Dynasty, the abundant No. 2 stingless big fruit sea-buckthorns of the Liao Dynasty are done female parent, aboundresources can form batch production production; Reproductive process adopts the square pool water sprinkling irrigation can improve seedling growth speed, on average increases 11cm than phreatic water sprinkling irrigation current growth, and leading thread increases 0.09cm; plant percent reaches 95%; improved 15% than in the past, the transplant survival rate reaches 80%, improves 8% than in the past; sea-buckthorn is to conserving water and soil; check winds and fix drifting sand, preserving the ecological environment plays an important role, because sea-buckthorn is stingless; sea buckthorn fruit is plucked easily, brings good economic effect to the peasant.

Description of drawings

Specify with embodiment below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

Fig. 1 shows method for breeding non-prick large-fruited sarch seedbed layout and sprinkling irrigation system schematic top plan view.

The A-A cutaway view of Fig. 2 diagrammatic sketch 1.

Among the figure, 1-wind account; The 2-seedbed; The 3-passageway; The pool, 4-side water-supply-pipe; 5-pump one; The pool, 6-side; The 7-trunk line; The 8-control valve; 9-pump two; The 10-cistern; The 11-subtube; The 12-branch pipe(tube); The 13-shower nozzle; 14-seedbed enclosure wall; The 15-hollow billet; The 16-vertical rod; 17-sea-buckthorn plugged ear; The 18-river sand; 19-cow dung; The 20-boiler ash sediment; 21-stone or brick; The 22-osculum;

Embodiment

Method for breeding non-prick large-fruited sarch mainly is to adopt epicormic branch cuttage and the stingless big fruit sea-buckthorn of series matching technology batch production vegetative propagation, concrete supporting technology is as follows: build cutting orchard, select physical features smooth, cutting orchard is built in the place that soil property is good, utilize the Liao Dynasty abundant No. 1, the abundant No. 2 stingless big fruit improved seeds of the Liao Dynasty are pressed line-spacing 1.5m, spacing in the rows 1.0m carries out field planting, topdress every year 3 times, pour water 5 times, weeding is loosened the soil 3 times, cutting orchard fringe material after 4～5 years begins to wear out, increase by 1, the seedling in 2 years, seedling adopts large-ridge double-row to plant, the spray of cuttage fringe 17 usefulness from 1.5～2.5 age treelet gather, the nursery topdressed 1 time in preceding 15 days adopting plugged ear 17, simultaneously spraying pesticide kill harmful insect, adopt fringe and irritated permeable in preceding 3 days, make the elite stand branch be in healthy and strong full state.

Build cuttage nursery, seedbed (with reference to accompanying drawing 1,2), select the physical features dead level to build seedbed 2, seedbed 2 areas are 7 * 25m ²Height 40～45cm, the bottom is provided with osculum 22 every 1.5m, seedbed 2 is respectively stone or brick 21 15cm from bottom to top, boiler ash sediment 20 10cm, cow dung 19 5cm, river sand 18 10～15cm, around the seedbed with the enclosure wall 14 of brick 45～50cm, per 10 seedbeds, 2 one rows, two row seedbeds 2 are a nursery, build wind account 1 with waterproof cloth around every row seedbed 2, have an end wind account 1 to connect together, every air draft account 1 stays a neutral gear, two arrange the ground of leaving a blank between the seedbeds 2, build several cisterns 10, establish passage 3 between each seedbed 2.

Build equipment of sprinkler irrigation (with reference to accompanying drawing 1, the 2) pool, the nursery equipment of sprinkler irrigation side of comprising 6, square pool water-supply-pipe 4, cistern 10, pump one, 25,9, trunk line 7, control valve 8, subtube 11, branch pipe(tube) 12, hollow billet 15, vertical rod 16, shower nozzle 13; Water in the malicious side pool 6 is transported in the cistern 10 that establish in vacant lot between the two row seedbeds 2 in the nursery with pump 1 and square pool water-supply-pipe 4, be embedded in underground through calcium hypochlorite tablet sterilization water-supply-pipe 4 and trunk line 7, on a horizontal end river sand layer 18 in seedbed 2, lay a subtube 11,3 long 20m branch pipe(tube)s 12 of 2 vertical layings along the seedbed communicate with subtube 11, subtube 11 1 ends are installed control valve 8 and are connected with trunk line 7, on branch pipe(tube) 12, flexible glue hollow billet 15 is installed every 1.5cm, every atomizing refraction sprinkler 13 is installed in hollow billet 15 upper ends, and the 15 usefulness vertical rods 16 of flexible glue hollow billet are fixing.

Cuttage fringe 17 is gathered and cuttage: the sea-buckthorn plugged ear 17 that the cladus bar of gathering is cut into 12～15cm, plugged ear 17 clips are smooth, and epidermis and xylem splitting can not be arranged, and the bud in plugged ear 17 upper ends is apart from clip 1.5cm, each plugged ear 17 keeps 3～4 and perfects bud, the blade removal of bottom 5c length, per 100 plugged ears 17 break into one, place shady and cool place, root is immersed in the water, the depth of water 2～3cm, and constantly spray water, root chamber solution water rapid soaking used once at root before the cuttage; Cutting time will be between annual 5～July 15 June, and Best Times is dewatered by Exposure to Sunlight in 15～July 5 June for fear of plugged ear 17, every day early before 8 o'clock, carry out cuttage after 17 o'clock, according to 500 strains/m ²At once, spacing in the rows 5cm * 4cm, with the punching earlier of perforating device, degree of depth 4cm makes river sand 18 fill up the jack space to seedbed 2 water sprays after the cuttage immediately; 1: 300 potassium permanganate water of the preceding seedbed of cuttage 2 usefulness or carbendazim water sterilization in 1: 750, in order to avoid disease takes place seedling, it is clean with flushing with clean water after 24 hours to sterilize.

Manage after the cuttage: will adjust control valve 8 according to the blade face water evaporates speed of intensity of sunshine and sea-buckthorn plugged ear 17 after the cuttage and carry out timing automatic intermittent spraying, make the blade face keep water membrane; Before not taking root, night, every 0.5h spraying was 1 time, each spray time 2 minutes, and to guarantee plugged ear 17 in not dehydration at night, spray stopped 2 minutes in 1 minute in 8 o'clock～17 o'clock cuttage initial stage; The spray in per 5 minutes 1 time of taking root in the back 10～12 o'clock, per 2 minutes of all the other times spray 1 time, overcast and rainy except.

In order to replenish the root nutrition deficiency, to on the blade face, apply fertilizer, fertilising is carried out after 20 days in 17 growths of sea-buckthorn plugged ear, be added with the plain nitrogen of a large amount of nothings in the fertilizer, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulphur etc., trace element has iron, zinc, manganese, boron, copper etc., above-mentioned fertilizer and water mixed by 1: 5000 and additional proportion is a Rogor: urea: the solution of water=1: 10: 10000, the fertilising back was with 5 days one-periods for the first time, phase increases urea 5g weekly, Rogor 0.5g, topdress 1 time through changing 3 days into after 3 times 15 days, until till September, plugged ear 17 stopped growing, fertilising will be carried out before the sun comes out He after going down the hill.

After two months, the root lignification promptly can be transplanted to green land or be checked winds and fixed drifting sand ground in plugged ear 17 cuttages.

Claims (1)

1, a kind of method for breeding non-prick large-fruited sarch, the spray that 2～3 years elite stands of mainly adopt stingless big fruit the Liao Dynasty abundant No. 1, abundant No. 2 improved seeds of the Liao Dynasty send out is then done 17 vegetative propagations of cuttage fringe, it is characterized in that:

A, build seedbed (2), select the physical features dead level to build seedbed (2), seedbed (2) are supreme stone or brick (21) thickness 15cm, boiler ash sediment (20) the thickness 10cm of being respectively the end of from, cow dung (19) thickness 5cm, river sand (18) thickness 10～15cm, seedbed (2) use brick enclosure wall (14) on every side, and enclosure wall (14) bottom leaves osculum (22), be provided with passageway (3) between the seedbed (2), several seedbeds (2) are a row, build cistern (10) between the two row seedbeds (2), and the periphery has wind account (1);

B, build irrigating facility, build Fang Tang (6), guide in each cistern (10) with the water of pump one (5) Jiang Fangtang (6), water is delivered in the sprinkling irrigation trunk line (7) with pump two (9) through calcium hypochlorite tablet sterilization back, the horizontal end in each seedbed (2) is laid a subtube (11), on river sand (18) layer, communicate along the seedbed with subtube (11) (2) vertically lay three branch pipe(tube)s (12), subtube (11) one end cartridge control valves (8) connect trunk line (7), several hollow billets (15) are installed on each branch pipe(tube) (12) both sides, atomizing refraction sprinkler (13) is installed in hollow billet (15) upper end, and fixing with vertical rod (16);

C, cuttage, it is long that sea-buckthorn plugged ear (17) is cut into 12～15cm, and first bud of upper end is apart from otch 1.5cm, the blade removal of bottom 5cm, plugged ear (17) root is dipped in 2～3cm in the water, soaks with root chamber solution speed before the cuttage; Seedbed (2) is used flushing with clean water with potassium permanganate or the sterilization of carbendazim dilution after 24 hours, and cuttage degree of depth 4cm, cutting time are in 15～July 5 June, and every day is early before 8 o'clock and after 17 o'clock;

Manage after d, the cuttage, after the cuttage to sea-buckthorn plugged ear (17), timing automatic intermittent spraying, the spray in 0.5 hour 1 time of taking root between eve, each 2 minutes, daytime 8～17 an o'clock spray stopped 2 minutes in 1 minute, took root back 10～12. per 5 minutes 1 time, and all the other 2 minutes 1 time, apply fertilizer first from cuttage beginning in 20 days every 5 days 1 time, change into after 15 days 3 days 1 time, append fertile amount at every turn, fertilizer and water mixed and added Rogor by 1: 5000: urea: water=1: 10: 10000 solution; After plugged ear (17) root system lignification, can be transplanted to greening, sand control, windproof ground.

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