CN101889513B - Method for promoting growth of sea-buckthorns at seedling-raising period in severe cold area - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for promoting the growth of seabuckthorn seedlings in the seedling raising stage, in particular a method for promoting the growth of seabuckthorn seedlings in the alpine region, to be precise, a method for rapid seedling raising of seabuckthorn cuttings in the alpine region, mainly including cuttings production and cutting treatment , Cutting rooting, growth period management, training seedlings and nursery and other processes. Adopting the seedling raising method of the present invention can not only greatly improve the survival rate of seabuckthorn twig cutting seedling raising, especially can greatly increase the growth speed of seabuckthorn seedlings, shorten the seedling raising period, and has strong practical significance in actual production.

Description

Methods of Promoting Growth of Seabuckthorn Seedlings in Alpine Regions

technical field

The invention relates to a method for promoting the growth of seabuckthorn seedlings in the seedling stage, in particular to a method for promoting the growth of seabuckthorn in the seedling stage in the alpine region, to be precise, a method for rapidly raising seedlings of seabuckthorn cuttings in the alpine region.

Background technique

Seabuckthorn twig cutting seedlings are the main method for the propagation of seabuckthorn varieties at present, which can effectively maintain the characteristics of seabuckthorn varieties, and has the characteristics of easy access to materials, high breeding coefficient, and simple application.

At present, seabuckthorn seedlings in high-cold regions have a long cycle, and the seedlings are generally required to grow out of the nursery when they are more than 40 cm tall. In high-cold regions such as northern Xinjiang, it takes about one and a half years for seabuckthorn seedlings to reach this size. Cutting propagation is usually carried out in the alpine region in early July every year. The rooting time is about 15 days, and it takes about 45-60 days to reach a seedling height of about 10cm and can be transplanted. At this time, it has been from late August to early September. The transplanting is limited by the climatic conditions and there is no growth. The afforestation in the year is of no practical significance in production due to the low survival rate of the seedlings and the difficulty of management and protection. Generally, it is first planted in the nursery and continues to be cultivated until the autumn of the second year before the afforestation can be performed.

This kind of breeding process has a long production cycle and takes about one and a half years, resulting in relatively high production costs and cannot meet the production needs when seedlings are in short supply. Therefore, shortening the seedling breeding cycle and increasing the growth rate of seedlings have very strong practical significance in production.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for promoting the growth of seabuckthorn seedlings in the seedling stage, especially a method that can shorten the seedling cycle and enable the new seedlings propagated by cuttings in the alpine region to be out of the garden for afforestation, which is suitable for promoting the growth of seabuckthorn seedlings in the alpine region The method, to be precise, is a method for rapidly raising seedlings of seabuckthorn in alpine regions.

The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

Production of cuttings: Select semi-lignified twigs as cuttings; the length of the ear is 12-20cm, the lower cut is oblique horseshoe-shaped, the cut should be flat, and 2-5 leaves are left on the upper part. The cuttings are soaked in water to prevent dehydration;

Cutting treatment: cut the lower part of the cuttings and tie them up, put them in the rooting agent liquid to soak the lower part of the cuttings for 2-3cm, soak for 0.5-1h, and avoid the upper leaves of the cuttings from contacting the liquid to cause rot;

The rooting agent is an 80-150 ppm aqueous solution of No. ABT1.

Rooting of cuttings: Loosen the sterilized seedbed to prevent damage to the phloem of the spikes during insertion and affect rooting. Insert the cuttings into the seedbed with a depth of 2-4cm and a density of 800-1500 plants per square meter. Under full-light spraying environment After 20 to 30 days, the roots of the cuttings are fully developed and become rooted seedlings;

As an improved technical solution, the above-mentioned seedbed preferably adopts a special seedling-raising substrate: 5-7 parts of one or more mixtures of river sand, vermiculite, and slag are mixed with 3-5 parts of sawdust by weight as the substrate;

As a further improvement, the above-mentioned matrix is preferably applied in the seedbed to a depth of 15-25 cm and a width of 8-15 cm to form a matrix band, and the cuttings are planted in the matrix band to maximize the utilization of the matrix.

The slotting bed is preferably disinfected by spraying 0.3-0.5‰ potassium permanganate solution.

Growth period management: After 20 to 30 days of full-light spray cultivation, the rooted cuttings are sprayed with foliar agent every 4 to 6 days for 24 to 36 days to promote the rapid growth of rooted seedlings. The foliar agent is prepared as follows: Dissolve 4 to 6 g of urea, 1 to 3 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 8 to 12 mg of gibberellin (GA ₃ ) in 1000 ml of water, and the spraying should be carried out 0.5 to 2 hours after the water is cut off in the evening;

Seedling training: When the rooted seedlings are as high as 30-40cm, gradually reduce the number of sprays for training seedlings, and reduce the number of times by 8-12% per day for 7-15 days, until the seedlings can absorb water through the roots to meet their own needs.

Out of the nursery: It can be out of the nursery for afforestation in the autumn afforestation season of the current year, or it can be left in the seedbed to survive the winter, and then out of the nursery for afforestation in the spring of the next year.

Adopting the seedling raising method of the present invention can not only greatly improve the survival rate of seabuckthorn twig cutting seedling raising, especially can greatly increase the growth speed of seabuckthorn seedlings, shorten the seedling raising period, and has strong practical significance in actual production.

Detailed ways:

Example 1: From late June to early July, select semi-lignified twigs with a stem thickness of 0.3-0.6 cm as cuttings. 2-5 leaves, the lower cuttings are oblique horseshoe-shaped, and the cuttings should be flat. During the fringe making process, the cut fringes should be soaked in water in time to prevent water loss; Soak the lower part of the cuttings in 80-150ppm liquid of rooting agent ABT1 for 0.5-1h. The upper leaves of the cuttings should avoid contact with the liquid. Spray and disinfect the potassium permanganate solution, loosen the seedbed, prevent the phloem of the spikes from being damaged during insertion and affect rooting, insert the cuttings into the seedbed at a depth of 2-4cm, and the density can be 800-1500 plants per square meter, spray in full light After inserting under the environment for 25 days, carry out foliar agent spraying every 4 days for 32 days, described foliar agent preparation is as follows: dissolve urea 4g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 3g and gibberellin (GA ₃ ) 8mg in 1000ml water, Spraying should be carried out 1 hour after the water is cut off in the evening; after that, the number of sprays should be reduced by 10% per day for seedling training for 10 days, and foliar agent spraying should be continued during seedling training, and then normal management will be carried out until the autumn of that year for afforestation Season can be out of the nursery for afforestation.

Example 2: From late June to early July, select tender shoots with a stem thickness of 0.3-0.6 cm to semi-lignified as cuttings. 2-5 leaves, the lower cuttings are oblique horseshoe-shaped, and the cuttings should be flat. During the fringe making process, the cut fringes should be soaked in water in time to prevent water loss; Soak the lower part of the cuttings in 80-150ppm liquid of rooting agent ABT1 for 0.5-1h. The upper leaves of the cuttings should avoid contact with the liquid. Spray and disinfect the potassium permanganate solution, loosen the seedbed, prevent the phloem of the spikes from being damaged during insertion and affect rooting, insert the cuttings into the seedbed at a depth of 2-4cm, and the density can be 800-1500 plants per square meter, and spray in full light After cultivating for 20 days, the cuttings after rooting were sprayed with foliar agent every 5 days. The foliar agent was prepared as follows: dissolve urea 6g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2g and gibberellin (GA ₃ ) 10mg in 1000ml water , the spraying selection was carried out 1.5 hours after the water was cut off in the evening; after 25 days, the number of sprays was reduced by a ratio of 12% per day to train the seedlings for 8 days, and the foliar spray was continued during the seedling training, and then entered into normal management , until the afforestation season in the autumn of that year.

Example 3: From late June to early July, select tender shoots with a stem thickness of 0.3 to 0.6 cm that have reached semi-lignification as cuttings. 2-5 leaves, the lower cuttings are oblique horseshoe-shaped, and the cuttings should be flat. During the fringe making process, the cut fringes should be soaked in water in time to prevent water loss; Soak the lower part of the cuttings in 80-150ppm of the rooting agent ABT1 for 0.5-1 hour. The upper leaves of the cuttings should avoid contact with the liquid. Choose a well-drained sandy soil and make a 1-meter-square furrow. Take river sand by weight. Mix 5 parts with 5 parts of sawdust as the substrate, spread the substrate on the furrow with a thickness of 20cm as the seedbed and spray it with 0.5‰ potassium permanganate solution to disinfect, loosen the seedbed, prevent the phloem of the cuttings from being damaged and affect rooting when inserted, and cut the cuttings The cuttings are inserted into the seedbed, the depth is 2-4cm, and the density can be 800-1500 plants per square meter. After inserting for 30 days in a full-light spray environment, the cuttings are sprayed with a foliar agent every 4 days. The foliar agent is prepared As follows: dissolve urea 6g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2g and gibberellin (GA ₃ ) 10mg in 1000ml of water, and the spraying selection is carried out 1 hour after the water is cut off in the evening, and after 24 days, reduce the number of times by 12% every day Spray the seedlings in decreasing proportions for 7 days. During the seedling training period, continue to spray the foliar agent. After 7 days, they will enter normal management. The winter seedlings will be left in the seedbed to survive the winter, and they can be planted in the next spring when they are planted.

Example 4: From late June to early July, select tender shoots with a stem thickness of 0.3 to 0.6 cm that have reached semi-lignification as cuttings. 2-5 leaves, the lower cuttings are oblique horseshoe-shaped, and the cuttings should be flat. During the fringe making process, the cut fringes should be soaked in water in time to prevent water loss; Soak the lower part of the cuttings in 80-150ppm liquid of rooting agent ABT1 for 0.5-1h. The upper leaves of the cuttings should avoid contact with the liquid. Choose a well-drained sandy soil and make a furrow of 0.8×1.5 meters square, according to the weight of 1 : 1 Get 7 parts of the mixture of river sand and vermiculite and 3 parts of sawdust and mix it as the substrate; spread the substrate in the furrow with a thickness of 18 cm as the seedbed, spray and disinfect with 0.3-0.5‰ potassium permanganate solution, loosen the seedbed, prevent When inserting, the phloem of the cuttings is damaged and rooting is affected. Insert the cuttings into the seedbed at a depth of 2-4cm and a density of 800-1500 plants per square meter. The cuttings are sprayed with foliar agent, and the foliar agent is prepared as follows: dissolve 5 g of urea, 2 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 12 mg of gibberellin (GA ₃ ) in 1000 ml of water, and the spraying option is to stop water in the evening Carry out after 2 hours, after 36 days, reduce the number of times of spraying by the ratio of 8% every day and train seedlings for 12 days, continue to spray foliage agent during seedling training, enter normal management afterwards, enter the winter seedlings and stay in the seedbed to survive the winter, wait for When afforestation in the spring of the coming year, go out of the garden for afforestation.

Example 5: From late June to early July, select tender shoots with a stem thickness of 0.3 to 0.6 cm that have reached semi-lignification as cuttings. 2-5 leaves, the lower cuttings are oblique horseshoe-shaped, and the cuttings should be flat. During the fringe making process, the cut fringes should be soaked in water in time to prevent water loss; It is advisable to soak the lower part of the cuttings 2-3cm in 80-150ppm of rooting agent ABT1, soak for 0.5-1h, the upper leaves of the cuttings should avoid contact with the liquid, cut and tie the lower part of the cuttings, and place them in the rooting agent Soak the lower 2-3cm of the cuttings in 80-150ppm liquid medicine and soak for 0.5-1h. The upper leaves of the cuttings should avoid contact with the liquid medicine. Choose sandy soil with good drainage as the seedbed, and take a mixture of river sand and vermiculite at a weight of 2:16 3 parts of sawdust mixed with 0.3-0.5 ‰ potassium permanganate solution as matrix and sprayed and sterilized with 0.3-0.5‰ potassium permanganate solution, opened a ditch with a depth of 20 cm and a width of 15 cm in the seedbed and filled the above-mentioned matrix in the ditch to form a matrix band, and the cuttings were planted in the Depth 2-4cm in the matrix zone, after 20 days under the full light spray environment, the cuttings after rooting are sprayed with foliar agent every 4 days, and the foliar agent is prepared as follows: dissolve urea 4.5g in 1000ml water , Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2.5g and gibberellin (GA ₃ ) 9mg, described spraying is selected to carry out 1 hour after the evening without water, and after 36 days, the ratio of 12% of the number of times of spraying is reduced for 7 days to practice seedlings every day, During the seedling training period, continue to spray the foliage agent, and then enter the normal management. In the autumn afforestation season of that year, the nursery can be planted out of the nursery.

Embodiment 6: From late June to early July, select tender shoots with a stem thickness of 0.3-0.6 cm to semi-lignified as cuttings. 2-5 leaves, the lower cuttings are oblique horseshoe-shaped, and the cuttings should be flat. During the fringe making process, the cut fringes should be soaked in water in time to prevent water loss; Soak the lower part of the cuttings 2-3cm in the rooting agent ABT1 No. 80-150ppm medicine solution for 0.5-1h. The upper leaves of the cuttings should avoid contact with the medicine solution. Choose a well-drained sandy soil as the seedbed. Ditch, mix 7 parts of river sand, vermiculite and slag mixture with 4 parts of sawdust by weight 1:1:1 and mix with 0.3-0.5‰ potassium permanganate solution to disinfect, apply the substrate to the ditch of the seedbed Form a matrix band in the middle, and the cuttings are planted in the matrix band, with a depth of 2-4cm. After 20 days in a full-light spray environment, the cuttings after rooting are sprayed with foliar agent every 5 days. The agent is prepared as follows: dissolve urea 5.5g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 3g and gibberellin (GA ₃ ) 11mg in 1000ml water, and the spraying selection is carried out 1 hour after the water is cut off in the evening, and after 30 days, reduce the number of times per day 9% of the proportion of decreasing spray frequency training seedlings for 11 days, continue to spray foliage agent during seedling training, and can go out of the nursery for afforestation in the autumn afforestation season of that year.

Example 7: From late June to early July, select tender shoots with a stem thickness of 0.3-0.6 cm to semi-lignified as cuttings. 2-5 leaves, the lower cut is oblique horseshoe-shaped, and the cut should be flat. During the fringe making process, the cut fringe should be soaked in water in time to prevent water loss. Soak the lower part of the cuttings in 80-150ppm of the rooting agent ABT1 for 0.5-1 hour. The upper leaves of the cuttings should avoid contact with the liquid. Choose a well-drained sandy soil as the seedbed. Ditch, take 5 parts of the mixture of river sand, vermiculite and slag mixed with 3 parts of sawdust by weight 2:1:1 as the substrate and spray and disinfect with 0.3-0.5‰ potassium permanganate solution, and apply the substrate to the ditch of the seedbed Form a matrix band in the middle, and the cuttings are planted in the matrix band, with a depth of 2-4cm. After 20 days in a full-light spray environment, the cuttings after rooting are sprayed with foliar agent every 6 days. The agent is prepared as follows: dissolve urea 5.5g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 3g and gibberellin (GA ₃ ) 11mg in 1000ml water, and the spraying selection is carried out 1 hour after the water is cut off in the evening, and after 30 days, reduce the number of times per day 8% of the proportion of decreasing spray times for training seedlings for 12 days, continue to spray foliage agent during seedling training, and then go out of the nursery for afforestation in the autumn afforestation season of that year.

Example 8: From late June to early July, select tender branches with a stem thickness of 0.3-0.6 cm to semi-lignified as cuttings. 2-5 leaves, the lower cut is oblique horseshoe-shaped, and the cut should be flat. During the fringe making process, the cut fringe should be soaked in water in time to prevent water loss. Soak the lower part of the cuttings in 80-150ppm of the rooting agent ABT1 for 0.5-1 hour. The upper leaves of the cuttings should avoid contact with the liquid. Choose a well-drained sandy soil as the seedbed. Ditch, mix 5 parts of vermiculite and slag mixture with 5 parts of sawdust according to the weight of 1:1, and mix it with 0.3-0.5‰ potassium permanganate solution to spray and disinfect, and apply the matrix to the ditch of the seedbed to form a matrix belt. In the matrix belt, the depth is 2-4cm. After 20 days in the full light spray environment, the cuttings after rooting are sprayed with foliar agent every 4 days. The foliar agent is prepared as follows: dissolve in 1000ml water Urea 3.5g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 3.5g and gibberellin (GA ₃ ) 10mg, described spraying selection is carried out in 1.2 hours after the evening without water, and after 30 days, the spraying number of times is gradually reduced by the ratio of 10% of the number of times per day. Seedlings 10 days, continue to spray foliage agent during seedling training, and can go out of the nursery for afforestation in the autumn afforestation season of that year.

Embodiment 9: From the end of June to the first ten days of July, the tender branches with a stem thickness of 0.3-0.6 cm and semi-lignification are selected as cuttings, the length of the cuttings is 12-20 cm, and at least one bud is left at 0.3 cm from the upper edge of the incision. 2-5 leaves, the lower cut is oblique horseshoe-shaped, and the cut should be flat. During the fringe making process, the cut fringe should be soaked in water in time to prevent water loss. Soak the lower part of the cuttings 2-3cm in the rooting agent ABT1 No. 80-150ppm medicine solution for 0.5-1h. The upper leaves of the cuttings should avoid contact with the medicine solution. Choose a well-drained sandy soil as the seedbed. For the furrow, mix 7 parts of the mixture of river sand, vermiculite and slag with 3 parts of sawdust in a weight ratio of 2:1 and use 0.3-0.5‰ potassium permanganate solution to spray and sterilize it, and spread the matrix in the furrow of the seedbed 16cm thick, the cuttings are planted in the matrix belt, the depth is 2-4cm, after 20 days in the full light spray environment, the cuttings after rooting are sprayed with foliar agent every 6 days, and the foliar agent is prepared As follows: dissolve urea 5g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4g and gibberellin (GA ₃ ) 8mg in 1000ml of water, and the spraying selection is carried out 1 hour after the water is cut off in the evening, and after 30 days, reduce the number of times by 8% every day Spray times in decreasing proportion to practice seedlings for 12 days, continue to spray foliage agent during seedling training, and then go out of the nursery for afforestation in the autumn afforestation season of that year.

Example 10: From late June to early July, select semi-lignified twigs with a stem thickness of 0.3-0.6 cm as cuttings. 2-5 leaves, the lower cut is oblique horseshoe-shaped, and the cut should be flat. During the fringe making process, the cut fringe should be soaked in water in time to prevent water loss. Soak the lower part of the cuttings 2-3cm in the rooting agent ABT1 No. 80-150ppm liquid for 0.5-1h. The upper leaves of the cuttings should avoid contact with the liquid. Choose a well-drained sandy soil as the seedbed. For the furrow, mix 6 parts of the mixture of river sand, vermiculite and slag with 3 parts of sawdust according to the weight of 1:2, and mix it with 0.3-0.5‰ potassium permanganate solution for disinfection, and spread the matrix in the furrow of the seedbed 18cm thick, the cuttings are planted in the matrix belt, the depth is 2-4cm, after 20 days in the full light spray environment, the cuttings after rooting are sprayed with foliar agent every 6 days, and the foliar agent is prepared As follows: dissolve urea 5g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 5g and gibberellin (GA ₃ ) 12mg in 1000ml of water, and the spraying selection is carried out 1 hour after the water is cut off in the evening, and after 30 days, reduce the number of times by 8% every day Spray times in decreasing proportion to practice seedlings for 10 days, continue to spray foliage agent during the seedling training period, and then go out of the nursery for afforestation in the autumn afforestation season of that year.

Claims (1)

1. a high and cold area sea-buckthorn nursery stage promotes the method for growth, it is characterized in that realizing through following technical scheme:

Inserting fringe makes: the shoot of selecting to reach semi-lignified is as inserting fringe;

Inserting fringe handles: will insert fringe bottom clip and also tie together, and place the medicament soup of taking root to soak fringe bar bottom 2～3 cm, and soak 0.5～1h;

Cuttage root-taking: will insert the fringe cuttage and go in the seedbed, the degree of depth 2～4 cm, under full exposure spraying environment 20 to 30 days;

Growing season management: whenever at a distance from 4～6 days the slotting fringe after taking root is carried out the blade face agent and sprayed 24～36 days, the agent of said blade face is prepared as follows: in 1000ml water, dissolve in urea 4～6g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1～3g and gibberellin GA ₃8～12mg, described spraying being chosen in the back that cuts off the water at dusk and carrying out in 0.5～2 hour;

Practice seedling: in successively decrease spraying number of times 7～15 days of the ratio that reduces number of times 8～12% every day;

Go out the garden: in autumn or planting season next spring go out garden afforestation then;

Following seedling medium is adopted in above-mentioned seedbed: one or more 5～7 parts in the mixture of getting by weight in river sand, vermiculite, the slag mixes for 3～5 parts with sawdust; Described matrix is applied to dark 15～25cm in the seedbed, width 8～15cm forms the matrix band, and said slotting fringe is planted in said matrix band.