CN105210774A - A kind of big fruit sea-buckthorn female plant hardwood cutting and seedling raising technical method - Google Patents
A kind of big fruit sea-buckthorn female plant hardwood cutting and seedling raising technical method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105210774A CN105210774A CN201510667489.2A CN201510667489A CN105210774A CN 105210774 A CN105210774 A CN 105210774A CN 201510667489 A CN201510667489 A CN 201510667489A CN 105210774 A CN105210774 A CN 105210774A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of big fruit sea-buckthorn female plant hardwood cutting and seedling raising technical method, its technical method adopts following steps: 1, site preparation and fertilization; 2, soil disinfection; 3, overlay film moisturizing; 4, blinding pressure grass; 5, bar is adopted; 6, fringe processed; 7, cuttings storage; 8, root process is urged; 9, cuttage and seedling culture; 10 irrigation fertilizations; 11, weed with a hoe; 12, bud picking is except sprouting; 13, the extermination of disease and insect pest.A kind of big fruit sea-buckthorn female plant hardwood cutting and seedling raising technical method that the present invention proposes, adopts overlay film cuttage to improve plant percent, but also can improve the amount of growth of nursery stock, extend vegetative period, ensure sea-buckthorn female plant quality, cultivate fine seed strains strong sprout, there is larger promotional value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of plant cuttage seedling growing process, be specifically related to a kind of big fruit sea-buckthorn female plant hardwood cutting and seedling raising technical method.
Background technology
Big fruit sea-buckthorn is Elaeangnaceae Hippophne machaka or dungarunga, Berry plant and windproof, soil conservation, sand-fixation plant, its fruit contains abundant vitamin and multiple human body essential amino acid, few thorn or stingless, that fruit is large, high yield, technological quality are good excellent Seabuckthorn Varieties, Single seed weight more than 0.5 gram, output is high, average single plant yield more than 2 kilograms.Also have in northern China and generally cultivate, growth, growth, result, output are all relatively good.Greatly develop sea-buckthorn industry, ecological for improvement, promote that rural economic development and increasing peasant income have epochmaking meaning.But the big fruit sea-buckthorn nursery stock male and female plant ratio of breeding owing to growing directly from seeds is only 7:3, is difficult to meet sea-buckthorn industry development requirement.Therefore, only have and accelerate big fruit sea-buckthorn female plant seedling-wood breeding, provide a large amount of large fruit high-quality sea-buckthorn female seedlings, the development of sea-buckthorn industry could be promoted.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to realize big fruit sea-buckthorn female plant fast breeding, high standard high quality of production nursery stock.In process of production, by big fruit sea-buckthorn female plant hardwood cutting and seedling raising technical research for many years, propose a kind of big fruit sea-buckthorn female plant Cultivating techniques method.Can reasonable disposition big fruit sea-buckthorn male and female plant ratio, for big fruit sea-buckthorn female plant seedling-wood breeding and sea-buckthorn industry development provide technical basis.In mating system, change the past in the mode of seed growing seedling for female plant cuttings cuttage and seedling culture method, survival rate is high, reproduction coefficient is large, advantage of lower cost, and can control male and female plant ratio.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: big fruit sea-buckthorn female plant hardwood cutting and seedling raising technology, is an applicable technology.A kind of sea-buckthorn female plant propagation technique, is characterized in that being the method copying the female seedlings of big fruit sea-buckthorn, is vegetative propagation, ensure that the excellent hereditary quality of big fruit sea-buckthorn with the hard branch of big fruit sea-buckthorn female plant as propagating materials.Its reproduction process is in fact a process of getting root, by this process, after soaking root, unrooted branch is become and takes root in strain with growth hormone solution.Namely under artificial condition, there is according to plant the characteristic of regeneration capacity, impel himself mitogenetic, with the hard branch of plant, copy parent, reproduce the process of whole plant.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves the employing of its technical problem is: a kind of big fruit sea-buckthorn female plant hardwood cutting and seedling raising technical method, and its method adopts following steps to realize.
(1) site preparation and fertilization: choose that soil permeability is good, soil property fertile soil as the loam of cuttage, by farming, will admix in soil in diammonium phosphate to increase fertilizer efficiency; Or with the quantity of every mu of 10-20T, the fertilizer spreading 5-10cm is husky, is done by shallow ploughing, increases soil aggregate, improves soil aeration.(2) soil disinfection: after potassium permanganate, ferrous sulfate mixing, carry out spraying disinfecting before soil cultivation, reduce the harm of soil germ, increase the micro-iron content of soil.(3) overlay film moisturizing: with the white mulch film of wide 1.5-1.8m, be arranged on laminating machine, is set to 1.0-1.2m by wide for seedbed, and pavement is wide is 0.3-0.35m, draws the mode of covering to carry out overlay film ridging with artificial or machinery.(4) blinding pressure grass: in order to suppress weed growth, adopting manual type, mulch film covers the soil that 10cm is thick.Requirement grogs is in small, broken bits, picks up most weeds, soil block, does not scratch mulch film.(5) bar is adopted: adopt the fringe time and carry out in resting stage, i.e. annual 2, March.General selection 5-6a is raw, the adult elite stand born fruit, and requires that the 1-2a taking elite stand middle and upper part area without shade sturdy is raw, the branch of abundant lignification, robust growth.(6) fringe processed: cutting length 18cm, the cutting after adopting bundlees according to 100 a bundles.Require upper end flat mouth, lower end angle.After preparing enduring according to a certain percentage with paraffin, rosin, safflower oil, quickly dipped cuttings upper port.Require that sealing wax thickness is no more than 0.2cm, come off in order to avoid cause.(7) cuttings storage: the sterilization of storage rough sand potassium permanganate is mixed after wetting, scion base portion is placed in rough sand, covers 10-15cm rough sand above, layer 2-3 cuttings can be stored successively.Then, after being squirted by woven straw, cover insulation, moisturizing above sand, sand temperature generally remains on 1-3 DEG C.(8) root process is urged: before cuttage, branch base portion 3d is soaked with the clear water of 6 DEG C-8 DEG C, depth of water 5-6cm, change water every day 2 times, flowing water is the most suitable, within the 4th day, soaks 12h with 50-75ppmGGR root-inducing powder, or soaks cuttings 18h with 50-75ppm methyl α-naphthyl acetate, after the cuttings clear water handled well is rinsed well, cuttage can be carried out.(9) cuttage and seedling culture: cuttage was carried out in spring, temperature is stabilized in about 10 DEG C, carries out cuttage when ground temperature reaches 5 DEG C.Generally after overlay film blinding, 7d carries out cuttage.Cuttings becomes 70 ° with upper angle with ground, and insert dark about 15cm, seeding row spacing 10cm × 20cm, during cuttage, 1-2 bud is exposed in upper end, prevents from down inserting and tearing cuttings lower end bark.Meanwhile, fill with husky in cuttings surrounding, guarantee that fringe soil is combined closely.(10) irrigation fertilization: after cuttage, 30d is the phase of taking root, ensure that soil moisture reaches 80% of field capacity.General Requirements about 15d pours water 1 time, after continuous water injection 2-3 time, pours water 1 time, guarantee that seedling growth needs water according to about 25d., in conjunction with pouring water, topdress 2-3 time meanwhile, every mu of nitrogen fertilizer application 5-10kg.(11) weed with a hoe: combine moisturizing of loosening the soil, in time the weeds grown between pavement are removed, avoid weeds and nursery stock to strive water, strive fertilizer.(12) bud picking is except sprouting: when shoot grows to 10cm, should carry out bud picking in time, and all the other branches are all erased after staying 1 upright, healthy and strong shoot by each cuttings.(13) extermination of disease and insect pest: in nursery stock breeding time, spray corresponding desinsection, bactericide in time for pest species and stand density, ensures nursery stock normal growth.Big fruit sea-buckthorn die back disease with 60-75% wettable zineb, 500-1000 times of liquid, can spray once every 10-15d, continuous 2-4 times before rainy season; Also 300-400 times of liquid of available 50% wettable powder of carbendazim, every 10-15d, spray 2-3 times continuously.Leaves of Hippophae L pinta 50% wettable Tuzet pulvis, 800-1000 times of liquid, every 10-15d spray once, continuous 2-3 Be very effective.Big fruit sea-buckthorn rust sprays a bordeaux mixture in June in seedling stage every 15-20d, continuous 2-3 times, can reduce the generation of big fruit sea-buckthorn rust.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: the inventive method solves big fruit sea-buckthorn female plant raising technology, can the female seedlings of Fast-propagation big fruit sea-buckthorn in a large number, annual seedling height 50-60 centimetres, leading thread more than 1.0 centimetres, long 10-30 centimetres of seedling root, quantity more than 6.The nursery stock produced is with a high standard, quality good, the low difficult problem of big fruit sea-buckthorn nursery stock male and female plant ratio that can solve grows directly from seeds breeds.High standard, high-quality nursery stock, can meet sea-buckthorn industry development requirement.
Embodiment
(1) site preparation and fertilization: choose that soil permeability is good, soil property fertile soil as the loam of cuttage, by farming, will admix in soil in diammonium phosphate to increase fertilizer efficiency; Or with the quantity of every mu of 10-20T, the fertilizer spreading 5-10cm is husky, is done by shallow ploughing, increases soil aggregate, improves soil aeration.(2) soil disinfection: after potassium permanganate, ferrous sulfate mixing, carry out spraying disinfecting before soil cultivation, reduce the harm of soil germ, increase the micro-iron content of soil.(3) overlay film moisturizing: with the white mulch film of wide 1.5-1.8m, be arranged on laminating machine, is set to 1.0-1.2m by wide for seedbed, and pavement is wide is 0.3-0.35m, draws the mode of covering to carry out overlay film ridging with artificial or machinery.(4) blinding pressure grass: in order to suppress weed growth, adopting manual type, mulch film covers the soil that 10cm is thick.Requirement grogs is in small, broken bits, picks up most weeds, soil block, does not scratch mulch film.(5) bar is adopted: adopt the fringe time and carry out in resting stage, i.e. annual 2, March.General selection 5-6a is raw, the adult elite stand born fruit, and requires that the 1-2a taking elite stand middle and upper part area without shade sturdy is raw, the branch of abundant lignification, robust growth.(6) fringe processed: cutting length 18cm, the cutting after adopting bundlees according to 100 a bundles.Require upper end flat mouth, lower end angle.After preparing enduring according to a certain percentage with paraffin, rosin, safflower oil, quickly dipped cuttings upper port.Require that sealing wax thickness is no more than 0.2cm, come off in order to avoid cause.(7) cuttings storage: the sterilization of storage rough sand potassium permanganate is mixed after wetting, scion base portion is placed in rough sand, covers 10-15cm rough sand above, layer 2-3 cuttings can be stored successively.Then, after being squirted by woven straw, cover insulation, moisturizing above sand, sand temperature generally remains on 1-3 DEG C.(8) root process is urged: before cuttage, branch base portion 3d is soaked with the clear water of 6 DEG C-8 DEG C, depth of water 5-6cm, change water every day 2 times, flowing water is the most suitable, within the 4th day, soaks 12h with 50-75ppmGGR root-inducing powder, or soaks cuttings 18h with 50-75ppm methyl α-naphthyl acetate, after the cuttings clear water handled well is rinsed well, cuttage can be carried out.(9) cuttage and seedling culture: cuttage was carried out in spring, temperature is stabilized in about 10 DEG C, carries out cuttage when ground temperature reaches 5 DEG C.Generally after overlay film blinding, 7d carries out cuttage.Cuttings becomes 70 ° with upper angle with ground, and insert dark about 15cm, seeding row spacing 10cm × 20cm, during cuttage, 1-2 bud is exposed in upper end, prevents from down inserting and tearing cuttings lower end bark.Meanwhile, fill with husky in cuttings surrounding, guarantee that fringe soil is combined closely.(10) irrigation fertilization: after cuttage, 30d is the phase of taking root, ensure that soil moisture reaches 80% of field capacity.General Requirements about 15d pours water 1 time, after continuous water injection 2-3 time, pours water 1 time, guarantee that seedling growth needs water according to about 25d., in conjunction with pouring water, topdress 2-3 time meanwhile, every mu of nitrogen fertilizer application 5-10kg.(11) weed with a hoe: combine moisturizing of loosening the soil, in time the weeds grown between pavement are removed, avoid weeds and nursery stock to strive water, strive fertilizer.(12) bud picking is except sprouting: when shoot grows to 10cm, should carry out bud picking in time, and all the other branches are all erased after staying 1 upright, healthy and strong shoot by each cuttings.(13) extermination of disease and insect pest: in nursery stock breeding time, spray corresponding desinsection, bactericide in time for pest species and stand density, ensures nursery stock normal growth.Big fruit sea-buckthorn die back disease with 60-75% wettable zineb, 500-1000 times of liquid, can spray once every 10-15d, continuous 2-4 times before rainy season; Also 300-400 times of liquid of available 50% wettable powder of carbendazim, every 10-15d, spray 2-3 times continuously.Leaves of Hippophae L pinta 50% wettable Tuzet pulvis, 800-1000 times of liquid, every 10-15d spray once, continuous 2-3 Be very effective.Big fruit sea-buckthorn rust sprays a bordeaux mixture in June in seedling stage every 15-20d, continuous 2-3 times, can reduce the generation of big fruit sea-buckthorn rust.
Claims (1)
1. a big fruit sea-buckthorn female plant hardwood cutting and seedling raising technical method, is characterized in that: described seedling growing process method adopts following steps to realize:
Site preparation and fertilization: choose that soil permeability is good, soil property fertile soil as the loam of cuttage, by farming, will admix in soil in diammonium phosphate to increase fertilizer efficiency; Or with the quantity of every mu of 10-20T, the fertilizer spreading 5-10cm is husky, is done by shallow ploughing, increases soil aggregate, improves soil aeration; Soil disinfection: after potassium permanganate, ferrous sulfate mixing, carry out spraying disinfecting before soil cultivation, reduce the harm of soil germ, increase the micro-iron content of soil; Overlay film moisturizing: with the white mulch film of wide 1.5-1.8m, be arranged on laminating machine, is set to 1.0-1.2m by wide for seedbed, and pavement is wide is 0.3-0.35m, draws the mode of covering to carry out overlay film ridging with artificial or machinery; Blinding pressure grass: in order to suppress weed growth, adopting manual type, mulch film covers the soil that 10cm is thick; Requirement grogs is in small, broken bits, picks up most weeds, soil block, does not scratch mulch film; Adopt bar: adopt the fringe time and carry out in resting stage, i.e. annual 2, March; General selection 5-6a is raw, the adult elite stand born fruit, and requires that the 1-2a taking elite stand middle and upper part area without shade sturdy is raw, the branch of abundant lignification, robust growth; Fringe processed: cutting length 18cm, the cutting after adopting bundlees according to 100 a bundles; Require upper end flat mouth, lower end angle; After preparing enduring according to a certain percentage with paraffin, rosin, safflower oil, quickly dipped cuttings upper port; Require that sealing wax thickness is no more than 0.2cm, come off in order to avoid cause; Cuttings is stored: the sterilization of storage rough sand potassium permanganate mixed after wetting, scion base portion is placed in rough sand, covers 10-15cm rough sand above, can store layer 2-3 cuttings successively; Then, after being squirted by woven straw, cover insulation, moisturizing above sand, sand temperature generally remains on 1-3 DEG C; Urge root process: before cuttage, branch base portion 3d is soaked with the clear water of 6 DEG C-8 DEG C, depth of water 5-6cm, change water every day 2 times, flowing water is the most suitable, within the 4th day, soaks 12h with 50-75ppmGGR root-inducing powder, or soaks cuttings 18h with 50-75ppm methyl α-naphthyl acetate, after the cuttings clear water handled well is rinsed well, cuttage can be carried out; Cuttage and seedling culture: cuttage was carried out in spring, generally carries out cuttage in 7 days after overlay film blinding; Cuttings becomes 70 ° with upper angle with ground, and insert dark about 15cm, seeding row spacing 10cm × 20cm, during cuttage, 1-2 bud is exposed in upper end, prevents from down inserting and tearing cuttings lower end bark; Irrigation fertilization: after cuttage, 30d is the phase of taking root, ensure that soil moisture reaches 80% of field capacity; General Requirements about 15d pours water 1 time, after continuous water injection 2-3 time, pours water 1 time, guarantee that seedling growth needs water according to about 25d; , in conjunction with pouring water, topdress 2-3 time meanwhile, every mu of nitrogen fertilizer application 5-10kg; Weed with a hoe: combine moisturizing of loosening the soil, in time the weeds grown between pavement are removed, avoid weeds and nursery stock to strive water, strive fertilizer; Bud picking is except sprouting: when shoot grows to 10cm, should carry out bud picking in time, and all the other branches are all erased after staying 1 upright, healthy and strong shoot by each cuttings; The extermination of disease and insect pest: in nursery stock breeding time, spray corresponding desinsection, bactericide in time for pest species and stand density, ensures nursery stock normal growth.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106538219A (en) * | 2016-11-11 | 2017-03-29 | 重庆市畜牧科学院 | A kind of asexual reproduction method of Wild Legume shrub horse spine |
| CN106538218A (en) * | 2016-11-18 | 2017-03-29 | 山东师范大学 | A kind of efficient Ramulus et Folium Tamariciss cottage method |
| CN109429752A (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2019-03-08 | 武汉长江绿色工程科技股份有限公司 | Be out of the garden in one season the bough cuttage of france mongolicus high standard nursery stock |
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- 2015-10-16 CN CN201510667489.2A patent/CN105210774A/en active Pending
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| CN1736158A (en) * | 2005-07-29 | 2006-02-22 | 付广芝 | Method for breeding non-prick large-fruited sarch |
| CN103503656A (en) * | 2012-06-27 | 2014-01-15 | 易良娟 | Large-berry sea buckthorn cutting method |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106538219A (en) * | 2016-11-11 | 2017-03-29 | 重庆市畜牧科学院 | A kind of asexual reproduction method of Wild Legume shrub horse spine |
| CN106538218A (en) * | 2016-11-18 | 2017-03-29 | 山东师范大学 | A kind of efficient Ramulus et Folium Tamariciss cottage method |
| CN109429752A (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2019-03-08 | 武汉长江绿色工程科技股份有限公司 | Be out of the garden in one season the bough cuttage of france mongolicus high standard nursery stock |
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