CN108235894A - A kind of apocarya high yield cultivating method - Google Patents
A kind of apocarya high yield cultivating method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108235894A CN108235894A CN201810014810.0A CN201810014810A CN108235894A CN 108235894 A CN108235894 A CN 108235894A CN 201810014810 A CN201810014810 A CN 201810014810A CN 108235894 A CN108235894 A CN 108235894A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of apocarya high yield cultivating methods, include the following steps：Seedling propagation, grafting, optimum period plant, soil fertilizer and water management, pruning, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and in due course harvest; apocarya cultural method step in the invention is detailed, perfect; it is easily operated; the yield of apocarya can greatly be improved; it is suitble to large-scale apocarya plantation; promote shell hickory nut planting scale, the benefit for improving the quality of apocarya and its bringing.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to apocarya cultivation field, specifically a kind of apocarya high yield cultivating method.
Background technology
Apocarya is Juglandaceae deciduous tree.The U.S. and Mexico are originated in, is world-renowned dry fruit oil plant and food
Use seeds.Kernel amino acid content is high, and rich in vitamin B1 and vitamin B2, monounsaturated fatty acids 73%, heat are contained in kernel oil
Value 133.89kJ/kg. can reduce the incidence of coronary heart disease after eating, be ideal health products and food additives.It simultaneously can also
Choice wood is produced, and can be used as the shade tree afforested and beautified, is a kind of very high fine tree species of comprehensive value, market prospects are wide
It is wealthy.At present, the implantation methods of apocarya have very much, but the implantation methods of extensive apocarya or experience are also very scarce
Less, after the implantation methods of general apocarya are directly introduced, Yield comparison is low, and is difficult the difference for adapting to large-scale plantation
Property.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of apocarya high yield cultivating method, to solve to carry in above-mentioned background technology
The problem of going out.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides following technical solution：
A kind of apocarya high yield cultivating method, includes the following steps：
S1, Seedling propagation：Selection is used before sowing at wet sand lamination suitable for the fruit and seed of the improved seeds of local climate environment
Reason is sowed, seeding and growing seedling line-spacing 50cm, spacing in the rows 30cm, depth of planting 5-10cm, the suture of sowing time seed when kind of shell cracks
Perpendicular to the ground, earthing thickness 6-7cm, soil is upper in lid 6-8cm thickness straw, irrigates ground water, 40% black sunshade net is covered after emergence and is hidden
The moon, and carry out watering, top dressing, prevention disease pest；
S2, grafting：Using the scion of the stock, 1-2 of 2-3, engrafting method：Spring cleft grafting or cut-grafting, summer and autumn T words
Bud connects and pastes bud；
S3, optimum period plant：（i1）The selection of reproducing area：Tailo and the cultivation of half tailo are selected, soil uses alluvial soil or sandy loam,
Soil depth is more than 1m, pH value 5.8-8.0；
（i2）Site preparation and pollinizers configuration：The method of the site preparation is：Remove trees and miscellaneous filling, the hillside fields less than 35 ° should along etc.
High line builds up horizontal stripes, and bandwidth 2m, zone face is high outside and low outside, and backer's slope surface digs 25-30cm water storage ring ditches, takes and beats cave, specification
For 1.0m × 1.0m × more than 1.0m, when digging cave, table soil and subsoil are respectively put on one side；It often spreads manuer in holes farm manure, is mixed into table soil, stirs
It mixes uniformly, to flat, the pollinizers configuration method is backfill subsoil：1~2 main breed is selected, is equipped with 2-3 pollination product
It plants, loose powder has morning to have late between kind；
（i3）Rational close planting：Root system is suitably trimmed before plant, dips 50mg/kg ABT3 root-inducing powder slurry liquids, root during plant
It according to the length of nursery stock, digs pit at cave center, seedling is put into hole, root system, which is unfolded, to be put, and fills and leads up soil, is gently carried seedling with hand, is made root
It ties up to and unfolds, in compacting soil, fill and lead up soil, water；
S4, soil fertilizer and water management：Plant seedlings germination after start top dressing, 30d is imposed 1 time, by 2 months after basal dressing, 2-4, annual 3
Apply 4 fertilizer altogether in the moon, June, August and October, 9-10 month basal dressing of the bearing tree in current year chases after before next year germination and respectively the 6-7 months
Fertilizer 1 time；
S5, pruning：Trunk is chosen, is done surely in 1m height, 2-3 major branch is selected and remain and cultivated to next year, is uniformly stretched to 3 directions
Prolong, with the method for drawing branch, 45-90 is kept with trunk, every 1.5m, cultivate the 1st layer of major branch, the 2nd layer retains 2-3, major branch, with
1st layer of major branch retains 1-2 at a distance of 60-80cm, the 3rd layer of major branch, with the 1st layer at a distance of 50-70cm；
When tree up to 5-6m, trunk is trimmed, control tree is high, and the trimming content is bud picking, pinching, sparse branching, cutting back
With branch deflecting；
S6, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and in due course harvest：Prevention spray processing is carried out for pest and disease damage；In involucre natural cracking, shell fruit is certainly
It so comes off, full tree can harvest when having 1/4 involucre cracking.
As further embodiment of the present invention：The temperature of wet sand Stratificated treatment is 2-3 DEG C in the S1 steps, and the time is
60-90d。
As further embodiment of the present invention：Seedling propagation can be bred with root and be replaced in the S1, and root breeding is：Seedling kind
Root preferably selects the root of 1 to five year raw treelet, and kind root, which buries, to be broadcast and can be carried out in early winter or non-irrigated spring；Kind root long degree is l0-15cm, whole
It ditches in good garden ground, kind of root is tiltedly placed in ditch by drains spacing 50cm or so, ditch depth 10-15cm in 45 °, distance between root and root
15cm, after earthing, root upper end is covered far from ground 2-3cm, then with straw, is sprinkled profoundly water in time.
As further embodiment of the present invention：Top dressing operating method in the S4 steps：It is applied fertilizer using radial canal, ditch depth
20-50cm, when ditching, avoid big root, next year or every secondary replacement radial canal position, radial canal length can be more than tree crown length 1 again with
On, and use the appropriate zinc preparation of foliage-spray.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：Apocarya cultural method step in the invention is detailed
Carefully, it is perfect, it is easily operated, the yield of apocarya can be greatly improved, is suitble to large-scale apocarya plantation, pushes away
Into shell hickory nut planting scale, the benefit for improving the quality of apocarya and its bringing.
Specific embodiment
The technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described below, it is clear that described embodiment
Only part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, the common skill in this field
Art personnel all other embodiments obtained without making creative work belong to the model that the present invention protects
It encloses.
A kind of apocarya high yield cultivating method, includes the following steps：
S1, Seedling propagation：Selection is used before sowing at wet sand lamination suitable for the fruit and seed of the improved seeds of local climate environment
Reason is sowed, seeding and growing seedling line-spacing 50cm, spacing in the rows 30cm, depth of planting 5-10cm, the suture of sowing time seed when kind of shell cracks
Perpendicular to the ground, so that radicle is grown upward with plumule downward, earthing thickness 6-7cm, soil is upper to cover 6-8cm thickness straw, irrigates
Ground water often keeps moistening, and the shading of 40% black sunshade net is covered after emergence, and carries out watering, top dressing, prevention disease pest；
S2, grafting：Using the scion of the stock, 1-2 of 2-3, engrafting method：Spring cleft grafting or cut-grafting, summer and autumn T words
Bud connects and pastes bud；
S3, optimum period plant：（i1）The selection of reproducing area：Since apocarya is strong positive seeds, tailo and half tailo are selected
Cultivation, soil use alluvial soil or sandy loam, and soil depth is more than 1m, pH value 5.8-8.0；
（i2）Site preparation and pollinizers configuration：The method of the site preparation is：Remove trees and miscellaneous filling, the hillside fields less than 35 ° should along etc.
High line builds up horizontal stripes, and bandwidth 2m, zone face is high outside and low outside, and backer's slope surface digs 25-30cm water storage ring ditches, takes and beats cave, specification
For 1.0m × 1.0m × more than 1.0m, when digging cave, table soil and subsoil are respectively put on one side；It often spreads manuer in holes farm manure, is mixed into table soil, stirs
It mixes uniformly, to flat, the pollinizers configuration method is backfill subsoil：1~2 main breed is selected, is equipped with 2-3 pollination product
It plants, best loose powder has morning to have late between kind, in favor of mutually pollinating；
（i3）Rational close planting：Root system is suitably trimmed before plant, dips 50mg/kg ABT3 root-inducing powder slurry liquids, root during plant
It according to the length of nursery stock, digs pit at cave center, seedling is put into hole, root system, which is unfolded, to be put, and fills and leads up soil, is gently carried seedling with hand, is made root
It ties up to and unfolds, in compacting soil, fill and lead up soil, water；During plant, such as spring drought, to ensure survival rate, be filled with enough after water can cover it is thin
Film water conservation, in firming on film；
S4, soil fertilizer and water management：Treelet will accomplish that thin fertilizer is diligent and apply that field planting starts top dressing after current year to germination, and 30d is imposed 1 time, to 2
Basal dressing after month, the 2nd~4 year, applies 4 fertilizer in annual March, June, August and October, preferably with barnyard manure, compost, green manure and high-quality nitrogen altogether
Phosphorus potash fertilizer, 9-10 month basal dressing of the bearing tree in current year, before next year germination and the 6-7 months distinguish top dressing 1 time；
S5, pruning：Light pruning is wanted in trimming, is focused on summer pruning, is chosen trunk, done surely in 1m height, next year selects and remain and cultivates
2-3 major branch uniformly stretches to 3 directions, and with the method for drawing branch, 45-90 is kept with trunk, every 1.5m, cultivates the 1st layer of master
Branch, the 2nd layer retains 2-3, major branch, and with the 1st layer of major branch at a distance of 60-80cm, the 3rd layer of major branch retains 1-2, with the 1st layer apart
50-70cm；
When tree up to 5-6m, trunk is trimmed, control tree is high, and the trimming content is bud picking, pinching, sparse branching, cutting back
With branch deflecting, interior thorax illumination can be improved, formation is medium tree-like, and convenient for fruit harvesting, pruning is in winter to early spring seedling
Wood repaiies the progress of dormancy phase, after tree-like stabilization, should be advisable with summer pruning.
S6, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and in due course harvest：Prevention spray processing is carried out for pest and disease damage；In involucre natural cracking, shell
Fruit comes off naturally, and full tree can harvest when having 1/4 involucre cracking.
The temperature of wet sand Stratificated treatment is 2-3 DEG C in the S1 steps, time 60-90d.
Seedling propagation can be bred with root and be replaced in the S1, root breeding：Seedling preferably selects 1 to five year raw treelet with kind of root
Root, kind root, which buries, to be broadcast and can be carried out in early winter or non-irrigated spring；Kind root long degree is l0-15cm, is ditched in whole good garden ground, and drains spacing 50cm is left
Kind of root is tiltedly placed in ditch, distance 15cm between root and root by the right side, ditch depth 10-15cm in 45 °, and after earthing, root upper end is far from ground 2-
3cm, then covered with straw, it sprinkles profoundly water in time.
Top dressing operating method in the S4 steps：It is applied fertilizer using radial canal, ditch depth 20-50cm, when ditching, avoids big root, every
Year replaces radial canal position every secondary, and radial canal length can be more than 1 times of tree crown length or more, due to Chinese walnut it is difficult to from soil
Middle absorption Zn-ef ficiency, therefore use the appropriate zinc preparation of foliage-spray.
It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of above-mentioned exemplary embodiment, Er Qie
In the case of without departing substantially from spirit or essential attributes of the invention, the present invention can be realized in other specific forms.Therefore, no matter
From the point of view of which point, the present embodiments are to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive, and the scope of the present invention is by appended power
Profit requirement rather than above description limit, it is intended that all by what is fallen within the meaning and scope of the equivalent requirements of the claims
Variation is included within the present invention.
In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of embodiments, but not each embodiment is only wrapped
Containing an independent technical solution, this description of the specification is merely for the sake of clarity, and those skilled in the art should
It considers the specification as a whole, the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be properly combined, forms those skilled in the art
The other embodiment being appreciated that.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of apocarya high yield cultivating method, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
S1, Seedling propagation：Selection is used before sowing at wet sand lamination suitable for the fruit and seed of the improved seeds of local climate environment
Reason is sowed, seeding and growing seedling line-spacing 50cm, spacing in the rows 30cm, depth of planting 5-10cm, the suture of sowing time seed when kind of shell cracks
Perpendicular to the ground, earthing thickness 6-7cm, soil is upper in lid 6-8cm thickness straw, irrigates ground water, 40% black sunshade net is covered after emergence and is hidden
The moon, and carry out watering, top dressing, prevention disease pest；
S2, grafting：Using the scion of the stock, 1-2 of 2-3, engrafting method：Spring cleft grafting or cut-grafting, summer and autumn T words
Bud connects and pastes bud；
S3, optimum period plant：（i1）The selection of reproducing area：Tailo and the cultivation of half tailo are selected, soil uses alluvial soil or sandy loam,
Soil depth is more than 1m, pH value 5.8-8.0；
（i2）Site preparation and pollinizers configuration：The method of the site preparation is：Remove trees and miscellaneous filling, the hillside fields less than 35 ° should along etc.
High line builds up horizontal stripes, and bandwidth 2m, zone face is high outside and low outside, and backer's slope surface digs 25-30cm water storage ring ditches, takes and beats cave, specification
For 1.0m × 1.0m × more than 1.0m, when digging cave, table soil and subsoil are respectively put on one side；It often spreads manuer in holes farm manure, is mixed into table soil, stirs
It mixes uniformly, to flat, the pollinizers configuration method is backfill subsoil：1~2 main breed is selected, is equipped with 2-3 pollination product
It plants, loose powder has morning to have late between kind；
（i3）Rational close planting：Root system is suitably trimmed before plant, dips 50mg/kg ABT3 root-inducing powder slurry liquids, root during plant
It according to the length of nursery stock, digs pit at cave center, seedling is put into hole, root system, which is unfolded, to be put, and fills and leads up soil, is gently carried seedling with hand, is made root
It ties up to and unfolds, in compacting soil, fill and lead up soil, water；
S4, soil fertilizer and water management：Plant seedlings germination after start top dressing, 30d is imposed 1 time, by 2 months after basal dressing, 2-4, annual 3
Apply 4 fertilizer altogether in the moon, June, August and October, 9-10 month basal dressing of the bearing tree in current year chases after before next year germination and respectively the 6-7 months
Fertilizer 1 time；
S5, pruning：Trunk is chosen, is done surely in 1m height, 2-3 major branch is selected and remain and cultivated to next year, is uniformly stretched to 3 directions
Prolong, with the method for drawing branch, 45-90 is kept with trunk, every 1.5m, cultivate the 1st layer of major branch, the 2nd layer retains 2-3, major branch, with
1st layer of major branch retains 1-2 at a distance of 60-80cm, the 3rd layer of major branch, with the 1st layer at a distance of 50-70cm；
When tree up to 5-6m, trunk is trimmed, control tree is high, and the trimming content is bud picking, pinching, sparse branching, cutting back
With branch deflecting；
S6, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and in due course harvest：Prevention spray processing is carried out for pest and disease damage；In involucre natural cracking, shell fruit is certainly
It so comes off, full tree can harvest when having 1/4 involucre cracking.
2. a kind of apocarya high yield cultivating method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that wet in the S1 steps
The temperature of husky Stratificated treatment is 2-3 DEG C, time 60-90d.
3. a kind of apocarya high yield cultivating method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that grow directly from seeds in the S1 numerous
It grows available root breeding to replace, root breeding is：Seedling preferably selects the root of 1 to five year raw treelet with kind of root, plant root bury broadcast can in early winter or
The non-irrigated spring carries out；Kind root long degree is l0-15cm, is ditched in whole good garden ground, drains spacing 50cm or so, ditch depth 10-15cm will plant root
It being tiltedly placed in ditch in 45 °, distance 15cm between root and root, after earthing, root upper end is covered far from ground 2-3cm, then with straw,
It sprinkles profoundly water in time.
4. a kind of apocarya high yield cultivating method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that chased after in the S4 steps
Fertile operating method：It is applied fertilizer using radial canal, ditch depth 20-50cm, when ditching avoids big root, next year or every secondary replacement radial canal position
It puts, radial canal length can be more than 1 times of tree crown length or more, and use the appropriate zinc preparation of foliage-spray.
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| CN201810014810.0A CN108235894A (en) | 2018-01-08 | 2018-01-08 | A kind of apocarya high yield cultivating method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810014810.0A CN108235894A (en) | 2018-01-08 | 2018-01-08 | A kind of apocarya high yield cultivating method |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109006133A (en) * | 2018-08-09 | 2018-12-18 | 湖北省林业科学研究院 | A kind of apocarya grafting efficient breeding method |
| CN109220282A (en) * | 2018-09-02 | 2019-01-18 | 杭州富阳飞博科技有限公司 | A kind of apocarya grafting and breeding method |
| CN109348965A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-02-19 | 广西玉林玖旺农业科技有限公司 | A kind of walnut high-yield planting cultivation technology method |
| CN110663427A (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2020-01-10 | 南京绿宙薄壳山核桃科技有限公司 | Organic cultivation method for planting carya illinoensis by utilizing biogas slurry |
| CN112493049A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-03-16 | 安徽省农业科学院农业工程研究所 | High-survival-rate seedling raising and planting method for pecans |
-
2018
- 2018-01-08 CN CN201810014810.0A patent/CN108235894A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109006133A (en) * | 2018-08-09 | 2018-12-18 | 湖北省林业科学研究院 | A kind of apocarya grafting efficient breeding method |
| CN109220282A (en) * | 2018-09-02 | 2019-01-18 | 杭州富阳飞博科技有限公司 | A kind of apocarya grafting and breeding method |
| CN109220282B (en) * | 2018-09-02 | 2021-06-08 | 杭州富阳飞博科技有限公司 | Grafting breeding method for apocarya |
| CN109348965A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-02-19 | 广西玉林玖旺农业科技有限公司 | A kind of walnut high-yield planting cultivation technology method |
| CN110663427A (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2020-01-10 | 南京绿宙薄壳山核桃科技有限公司 | Organic cultivation method for planting carya illinoensis by utilizing biogas slurry |
| CN112493049A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-03-16 | 安徽省农业科学院农业工程研究所 | High-survival-rate seedling raising and planting method for pecans |
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