CN1555312A - 具有有限可提取成分的高强度、抗化学腐蚀层状薄膜 - Google Patents

具有有限可提取成分的高强度、抗化学腐蚀层状薄膜 Download PDF

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CN1555312A
CN1555312A CNA028182359A CN02818235A CN1555312A CN 1555312 A CN1555312 A CN 1555312A CN A028182359 A CNA028182359 A CN A028182359A CN 02818235 A CN02818235 A CN 02818235A CN 1555312 A CN1555312 A CN 1555312A
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川本修
桥本幸雄
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Abstract

一种抗化学腐蚀的、不含提取成分的复合层状薄膜，它包括有聚酰亚胺层、全氟烷基醚(PFA)层和改性聚四氟乙烯(m－PTFE)层。

Description

具有有限可提取成分的高强度、抗化学腐蚀层状薄膜
发明背景
技术领域
本发明总体上涉及高强度、抗化学腐蚀层状薄膜，更具体地说，涉及用于泵和阀隔膜中的薄膜。
背景技术
隔膜泵被用于泵送各种各样的材料，尤其用于泵送腐蚀性、高粘度、由一些会损坏其它泵结构的浆液组成、具有高纯度要求或不浓的材料。这些泵通常由空气驱动，这在泵送可燃性液体时或者在使用电驱动设备很危险的环境下使用时是有利的。然而，电驱动或者其它机械驱动设计也被广泛使用。其它一些泵由不可压缩的流体进行驱动。
由于这些泵被用于泵送各种各样的材料，因此，利用相应的各种各样的材料来制造泵。这些材料包括塑料、金属和合成物或复合材料。基于同样的原因，这些泵的关键性的驱动元件即隔膜通常必须由各种各样的材料来制造。
在工业中，抗化学腐蚀层，例如由聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)制成的层，被广泛地用于保护机器或设备的敏感部分免受酸性物质或者其它化学品的腐蚀。其中，在通常用于空气驱动或电驱动的隔膜泵中的泵隔膜中便采用了这种抗化学腐蚀层。在这种隔膜中，通常利用一外部聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)覆盖膜来保护内部橡胶膜使之不致遭受到那些会造成该橡胶部分快速失效的物质的影响。在其它情况下，聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)是制造隔膜的专用材料。
由于其机械强度、电特性和化学属性的缘故，聚酰亚胺对于机器和部件的工业应用来说是非常有用的材料。然而，对于聚酰亚胺薄膜来说，其抗拉强度和对循环弯曲的耐疲劳性能在某些情况下(例如，在强酸性或者强碱性介质的情况下)易于被降低。因此，对于用于微电子化学品例如感光耐蚀膜和TARC的进料泵中的隔膜来说，不能单独地使用聚酰亚胺薄膜。另一方面，包含聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)、氟化乙丙烯(FEP)或者全氟烷基醚(PFA)的氟化树脂具有极高的抵抗一些化学品的抵抗性。然而，在使用中令人不满意的是材料对应的机械强度低。
最近，有一些专利申请涉及聚酰亚胺和氟化树脂层压复合薄膜。其中一个专利申请是公开号为WO 93/1493的PCT专利申请，它公开了一层压膜结构，这种层状薄膜结构由聚酰亚胺和含氟聚合物组成。这种现有技术公开了这种层状件的用途，例如用作环形带、电动机线圈和电缆。在这种现有技术中公开的其中一种方法包括将氟化树脂分散在有机溶剂中，然后，将该有机溶液涂敷在聚酰亚胺薄膜的两侧。第二种方法是利用聚酰亚胺和氟化树脂粉末进行热压粘合的方法。就任一方法而言，在用于泵隔膜的两层之间，所获得的层状薄膜没有足够的剥离强度。所公开的其它方法包括通过将钛合成物添加到氟化层中来增大两层之间的剥离强度。由于钛添加剂会造成金属污染，因此这种方法也不适合于微电子应用。
上述层状薄膜的制作备法不能满足微电子化学进料泵的使用要求，因为微电子化学进料泵的使用要求高精度、高的循环弯曲耐疲劳性能，并且不能产生任何污染，例如来自薄膜原纤维的颗粒或金属的污染。
在一些例子中，含氟聚合物和不同层的混合物本身被用作中间层，从而有助于将使两层粘接在一起。欧洲专利申请EP 0523644(Kawashima等人)公开了具有聚酰胺树脂表面层和氟树脂表面层的塑料薄片制品。该参考文献意识到，当制作具有聚酰胺树脂层和氟树脂层的薄片制品时会遇到一些困难，因为这两种材料不能相容。该参考文献中的层状制品通过使用一中间层来制作，该中间层由脂族聚酰胺树脂与含氟接枝共聚物的混合物组成。
美国专利US 6,197,393公开了一种粘合方法，该方法利利用一粘合成分将非氟化聚合材料牢固地粘合到含氟聚合物上，所述粘合成分包含一次或者二次二元或多元胺以及一可熔融处理的非氟化成分。
因此，希望提供一种用于阀和泵隔膜中的兼有足够机械强度和抗化学腐蚀性能的层状薄膜。
发明内容
本发明提供一种层状薄膜，该层状薄膜可抗化学腐蚀、具有很强的机械性能，并且不含可提取成分。
附图说明
图1表示本发明的隔膜。
优选实施例的描述
本发明提供一种层状薄膜，它包括m-PTFE层1、PFA层2和聚酰亚胺层3。在一优选的实施例中，该层状薄膜呈“夹层结构”(sandwich)，其中，聚酰亚胺层3位于中间。图1中示出了本发明的一个具体实施例。该图中示出的层状薄膜包括m-PTFE层1、PFA层2、聚酰亚胺层3以及附加的PFA层4和m-PTFE层5。
该层状薄膜通过将五层薄膜材料热粘合在一起的方式制成。这些材料被加热到这样的程度，即，使这些单个层变成单一的复合材料。
所述m-PTFE为改性聚四氟乙烯，它在主要的聚合物链上含有特定量的全氟烷基残基。该层可以有用地作为一阻挡层，以阻挡化学物质穿透薄膜。所述PFA(全氟烷基醚)层2、4被用作粘合剂，以便将m-PTFE层粘结到聚酰亚胺层3上。该聚酰亚胺层3为层状薄膜提供机械强度。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有很多的优点。例如，对于氟化树脂层而言，通过使用m-PTFE(改性聚四氟乙烯)而不是使用标准的PTFE，从而提高了氟化树脂层的循环弯曲抗疲劳性。m-PTFE降低了PTFE的结晶度，从而在几千次循环弯曲之后，该降低了的结晶度可降低树脂原纤维化的可能性。
本发明的另一优点是提高了阻挡层和机械层之间的粘合力。利用PFA层2将聚酰亚胺层3粘合到m-PTFE层上大大增强了抗剥离性能。
本发明的另一优点是，通过使用一m-PTFE层而不是标准的PTFE层，从而减小了由PTFE原纤维化作用所造成的化学品微粒污染的危险性。
本发明的另一优点是，该层状薄膜具有优异的机械强度(包括抗拉强度、循环弯曲抗疲劳特性)和聚酰亚胺层3的尺度稳定性。
本发明的层状薄膜也得益于一个或多个m-PTFE层的优良的抗化学腐蚀性。

Claims (3)

1.一种抗化学腐蚀、不含可提取成分的层状薄膜，它包括一聚酰亚胺层，该聚酰亚胺层被固定到一全氟烷基醚(PFA)层上，该全氟烷基醚层又被固定到一改性聚四氟乙烯(m-PTFE)层上，所述改性聚四氟乙烯层被构造为可暴露于一流体中。
2.根据权利要求1所述的层状薄膜，其特征在于，还包括一全氟烷基醚(PFA)附加层，该全氟烷基醚附加层被固定到与第一层相反的聚酰亚胺层的一侧上，所述第一层又被固定到一改性聚四氟乙烯(m-PTFE)附加层上。
3.一种用于制造抗化学腐蚀、不含可提取成分并具有优异机械强度的层状薄膜的方法，该方法包括：
按照下列顺序布置多层夹层材料：
改性聚四氟乙烯(m-PTFE)，全氟烷基醚(PFA)和聚酰亚胺；以及将这些材料热粘合在一起。
CNB028182359A 2001-09-18 2002-09-18 具有有限可提取成分的高强度、抗化学腐蚀层状薄膜 Expired - Lifetime CN100333899C (zh)

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EP1429918A1 (en) 2004-06-23
TWI315260B (en) 2009-10-01
US7407708B2 (en) 2008-08-05
WO2003024713A1 (en) 2003-03-27
EP1429918B1 (en) 2008-04-02
CN100333899C (zh) 2007-08-29
EP1429918A4 (en) 2004-12-29
KR20040037084A (ko) 2004-05-04
JP4409289B2 (ja) 2010-02-03
JP2005502510A (ja) 2005-01-27
US20040214028A1 (en) 2004-10-28
DE60225928D1 (de) 2008-05-15

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