CN1548404A - Production process of microbial organic composite fertilizer - Google Patents
Production process of microbial organic composite fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN1548404A CN1548404A CNA031168868A CN03116886A CN1548404A CN 1548404 A CN1548404 A CN 1548404A CN A031168868 A CNA031168868 A CN A031168868A CN 03116886 A CN03116886 A CN 03116886A CN 1548404 A CN1548404 A CN 1548404A
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Abstract
The production process o microbial organic composite fertilizer includes the following steps: collecting and crushing animal excrement, hyacinth, kitchen refuse, human excrement, crop stalk and wood dust; inoculating beneficial microbe actinomycetes, bacteria, fungi, etc. and fermentation to raise the temperature to 65 deg.c to kill germs and parasite egg; deodorizing and dewatering; adding azotobacteria, phosphate decomposing bacteria, potash decomposing bacteria, etc and fermentation in green house; drying, sieving and others. The present invention has the advantages of reducing pollution and improving soil structure.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to fertilizer field, relate in particular to a kind of manufacturing process of the compound manure that contains beneficial bacteria, particularly a kind of microbial organic complex fertilizer.
Background technology:
Because the growth of global agricultural chemicals and chemical fertilizer usage quantity, the dependency of agricultural chemicals and chemical fertilizer is strengthened day by day, it is not enough to have caused fertilizer to use, and soil nutrient is out of proportion; The hardening soil, soil quality descends; A series of problems such as river and groundwater pollution.Avoid following the track of an overturned cart of developed country's " elder generation's pollution, destruction, back are administered ", develop " persistence agricultural ", will reduce the usage quantity of chemical pesticide and fertilizer, seek effective substitute.China's chemical fertilizer year usage quantity reaches more than hundreds of millions tons, owing to use unreasonable structure and application process is improper, and ubiquity nutrient imbalance, problem such as nitrogen fertilizer application partially.Nitrogen application is excessive, and (mainly being in the vegetables) nitric nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen content are existing in soil and the agricultural-food significantly raises.The nitrogen that runs off, phosphorus are tending towards obvious to the influence of water body (as eutrophication etc.).Caused the huge waste of chemical fertilizer resource on the one hand, cost increases, and is unfavorable for sustainable development of agriculture; Cause environmental pollution on the other hand, jeopardized people ' s health.Building special-purpose fertile production service system is one of important means that improves fertilizer efficiency.
Being extensive use of and abusing of China's agricultural chemicals, chemical fertilizer become the public hazards that agricultural goes up maximum.State General Administration for Quality Supervision shows that to 23 big and medium-sized cities vegetables sampling observation results pesticide residue exceeds standard up to 47.5% as calendar year 2001; The Ministry of Agriculture finds that to Beijing, Shanghai, Chongqing, more than 50 vegetable variety in Shandong and Zhejiang 5 provinces and cities, 1293 sample sampling checks 22% sample is defective, and the agricultural chemicals of vegetables, fruit various degrees exceeds standard; Detect part market and find that 18% pesticide residue exceed standard Beijing, and the vegetables exceeding standard rate is gone to the capital unexpectedly up to 69% in other cities.China's chemical fertilizer year usage quantity has reached 4,124 ten thousand tons, and the per hectare usage quantity has reached 400 kilograms, prevents 225 kilograms of upper safety limits of per hectare that chemical fertilizer is provided with water pollution considerably beyond developed country.These situations add with other pollution is in the same place, and causes China's agricultural and animal products to pollute aggravation, and international competitiveness descends.To industrial and mining enterprises district, the agricultural and animal products investigation of pollution irrigation district, it pollutes exceeding standard rate and reaches 18.5% according to the Ministry of Agriculture.Western part is arid, the semiarid zone of China, and vegetation coverage is low, and the arable land veneer of soil is thin, organic few, soil moisture conservation is poor, severe water and soil erosion, thereby to increase the soil organism and vegetation coverage, applying organic manure, the consumption of minimizing chemical fertilizer develops eco-agriculture.
The organic fertilizer resource of China is very abundant: the first, and more than 5.7 hundred million ton of crop material of annual output, and the stalk more than 1/4 can't be handled banked up in the field or burned, and both wasted resource, causes topsoil and disaster hidden-trouble again; The second, produce more than 10 hundred million tons of excrements of animals per year; The 3rd, about more than 100,000,000 tons of urban human fecaluria year output is handled at present and is utilized less than 1/3rd.Organic fertilizer can provide a large amount of equilibrated nutritive elements for crop, to alleviating in the Chinese chemical fertilizer nitrogen phosphoris and potassium fertilizer ratio and the trace element imbalance is significant.Has irreplaceable effect to improving fertilizer efficiency.Extensive exploitation utilizes organic fertilizer resource, can also purify urban and rural environment.Therefore, rationally the application of organic fertilizers material is to keep to plough to continue an important content of productivity, protection environment.
Summary of the invention:
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of manufacturing process of microbial organic complex fertilizer, but described this fertilizer have characteristics such as fertilizer efficiency height, nontoxic, free from environmental pollution and low save energy of cost itself, is the most effective substitute of chemical fertilizer.
The concrete manufacturing process of described microbial organic complex fertilizer is as follows: at first collect fresh animal dung, the Herba Eichhorniae residue, changing food waste and human excrement and urine and crop stalk powder, wood chip, then with its pulverizing, microbe inoculation therein, described microorganism comprises actinomycetes, bacterium, multiple beneficial microorganisms such as fungi, in fermentation unit, make material be warmed up to 65 ℃ about 1 day through microbial process, germ in the ight soil and parasitic ovum are dead substantially, through deodorization, after dehydrating, in greenhouse formula fermentation plant, add high-efficiency nitrogen-fixing, phosphorus decomposing, potassium decomposing biological function microbial inoculum, concrete, adopting aztobacter sp, healthy and free from worry wood is mould, the phosphorus decomposing bacillus megaterium, frozen glue sample genus bacillus, stir continuously to mix along track and make its fermentation, deodorization, the fertilizer that ferments directly enter drying plant dehydration, sub-sieve again, packing forms active organic fertilizer.
The present invention and prior art contrast, owing to adopted vinelandii, root nodule bacterium, phosphorus bacteria and potassium bacterium, the composite bio-fertilizer that contains these bacteriums can be supplied with a certain amount of nitrogen of crop, phosphorus and potassium element.
Fertilizer of the present invention can be used as main fertilising, can reduce fertilizer amount more than 30%, plays and reduces the effect of polluting, improving Soil structure; Compare with common composite fertilizer, under the condition that equivalence drops into, bamboo shoot volume increase 15%, tobacco leaf volume increase 12%, tealeaves volume increase 29%, sweet potato volume increase 12%, increasing yield of water melons 21%, tomato production promoting 20%, leek volume increase 17%, wheat increase yield 5%, corn yield increasing 8% or the like.
Embodiment:
Embodiment 1
The cultivation of aztobacter sp (Azotobacter ohroococcum)
A. primary inclined plane is cultivated
Substratum major ingredient prescription is: sucrose 1%, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0.05%, lime carbonate 0.1%, sal epsom 0.02%, sodium-chlor 0.02%, agar 2%.PH7-7.2。
With substratum pack into according to a conventional method test tube, sterilization, inoculation, cultivate down at 28 ± 1 ℃ and to preserve standby in 24 hours.
B. secondary liquid culture
In one-level substratum major ingredient prescription, remove agar, as secondary medium major ingredient, PH7-7.2.
Substratum is prepared the triangular flask of packing into, after sterilization, cooling, slant strains is inoculated in liquid nutrient medium; Cultivated 24 hours 28 ± 1 ℃ of following shaking table concussions, when treating that cell count reaches 500,000,000/gram, stop cultivating, standby.
C. three grades of solid culture
Culture medium prescription is: wheat bran 40%, cottonseed cake 10%, rapeseed cake 10%, special soil 10%, Semen Maydis powder 10%, Chinese sorghum 10%, fine rice bran 10%.
With the solid materials back profit water of weighing in proportion, sterilization, cooling, inoculation liquid second class inoculum; Under 28 ± 1 ℃ of conditions, cultivated 36-48 hour.Quality examination then, low temperature (below 60 ℃) drying is pulverized, and preserves standby.
Embodiment 2
The cultivation of the healthy and free from worry wood of vinelandii mould (Trichoderma koningii)
A. one-level is cultivated
Prescription adds nutrient agar for conventional potato.
The substratum of making is loaded on test tube, and inoculation after the routine sterilization was cultivated 3-4 days under 26 ± 1 ℃ of conditions; After waiting to grow green spores, stop cultivating, preserve standby.
B. secondary is cultivated
Culture medium prescription is: wheat bran 50%, Semen Maydis powder 40%, straw powder 10%.
After dry material moistened water, sterilization, cooling, the inoculation first class inoculum was cultivated in glass culture dish.Cultivating about 5 days under 26 ± 1 ℃ of conditions; After waiting to grow green spores, stop cultivating.Low temperature (below 60 ℃) drying is preserved standby.
C. three grades of cultivations
Culture medium prescription is with the secondary medium prescription.
After dry material moistened water, sterilization, cooling, the inoculation second class inoculum, utilization thick-layer ventilation technology was cultivated 3 days under 28 ± 1 ℃ of conditions; After waiting to grow green spores, stop cultivating.Standby after the cryodrying.
Embodiment 3
The cultivation of phosphorus decomposing bacillus megaterium (Bacillus megatherium phosphaticum)
A. primary inclined plane is cultivated:
Culture medium prescription adds nutrient agar for conventional potato.Sterilization according to a conventional method, inoculation was cultivated 48 hours under 28 ± 1 ℃ of conditions, preserved standby.
B. secondary liquid culture:
In the one-level culture medium prescription, remove agar, as secondary medium.
With the substratum triangular flask of packing into, through autoclaving, cooling back inoculation slant strains, cultivated 36 hours 28 ± 1 ℃ of following shaking tables concussions, when treating that cell count reaches 500,000,000/gram, stop cultivation, standby.
C. three grades of cultivations
Culture medium prescription is: wheat bran 30%, Chinese sorghum 20%, Semen Maydis powder 40%, flyash 10%.
With dry material weigh back profit water, sterilization, cooling, connect second class inoculum, under 28 ± 1 ℃ of conditions, reach 48 hours through the tray solid culture, when treating that cell count reaches 4,000,000,000/gram, stop cultivating.Cryodrying and pulverizing are standby then.
Embodiment 4
The cultivation of potassium bacterium one frozen glue sample genus bacillus (Bacillus mucilaginosus)
A. primary inclined plane is cultivated
Substratum major ingredient prescription is: sucrose 1%, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0.05%, sal epsom 0.02%, magnesium chloride 0.02%, lime carbonate 0.1%, yeast extract paste 0.04%, agar 2%.PH7-7.2。
With the substratum test tube of packing into, sterilize according to a conventional method, inoculate, cultivated 24 hours down at 28 ± 1 ℃, preserve standby.
B. secondary liquid culture
In the one-level culture medium prescription, remove agar, as secondary medium, PH7-7.2.
With the prepared culture medium triangular flask of packing into, after sterilizing according to a conventional method, cooling off, the inoculation slant strains.Under 28 ± 1 ℃ of conditions, leave standstill and cultivated 48 hours; Treat that cell count reaches 1,000,000,000/when milliliter is above, stops cultivation, preserves standby.
C. three grades of solid culture
Culture medium prescription is: wheat bran 30%, flyash 20%, plant ash 10%, Semen Maydis powder 30%, rapeseed cake 10%.
Water is weighed, moistened to dry material in proportion, sterilization, after the cooling, the inoculation second class inoculum.Adopt the solid anaerobic fermentation method 28 ± 1 ℃ of condition bottom fermentations 48 hours.When cell count reaches 12,000,000,000/gram, stop cultivating.Cryodrying, pulverizing are preserved standby.
Embodiment 5
At first collect fresh animal dung, the Herba Eichhorniae residue, changing food waste and human excrement and urine and crop stalk powder, wood chip, then with its pulverizing, microbe inoculation therein, described microorganism comprises actinomycetes, bacterium, multiple beneficial microorganisms such as fungi, in fermentation unit, make material be warmed up to 65 ℃ about 1 day through microbial process, germ in the ight soil and parasitic ovum are dead substantially, through deodorization, after dehydrating, in greenhouse formula fermentation plant, with high-efficiency activated fertilizer is main raw material, add high-efficiency nitrogen-fixing, phosphorus decomposing, potassium decomposing biological function microbial inoculum, concrete, with aztobacter sp, healthy and free from worry wood is mould, the phosphorus decomposing bacillus megaterium, frozen glue sample genus bacillus, proportionally be 15: 20: 30: 35 form complex microbial community, stir continuously along track and mix, and make its fermentation, deodorization, the fertilizer that ferments directly enters the drying plant dehydration, sub-sieve is packed again, forms active organic fertilizer.By the effect of composite flora, organism in the material and N, P-compound are converted to microbes biomass, and nutrient is improved.
Produce a large amount of microbial enzymes during microbial fermentation, the enzymolysis of Mierocrystalline cellulose-xylan chain and lignin polymers chain in the promotion straw, under action of microorganisms, the part lignocellulose is converted into carbohydrate.The effect that is Mierocrystalline cellulose by cellulase is decomposed into glucose and water, and the fermentative action by microorganism is converted into ethanol again.
Microorganism also can produce and accumulate a large amount of nutritious microbial cells and useful metabolite in fermentation, such as: amino acid, organic acid, alcohol, aldehyde, fat, VITAMIN, hormone, trace element, microbiotic etc.During the fermentation, organism is a water-soluble substances by decomposition and inversion, and partial protein is converted into amino acid, and starch, Mierocrystalline cellulose, xylogen etc. are converted into carbohydrate.
The actinomycetes group energy produces antibiotics, can effectively suppress breeding and the growth of pathogenic bacteria, improve organic decomposition approach, reduce ammonia and the burst size of hydrogen sulfide and the generation of Ammonia material, other enzyme microb energy oxygenolysis ammonia, sulphur reduction bacterium can consume gases such as SO2 and H2S, reaches the purpose of removing the various foul smell in the raw material; Milk-acid bacteria and thread flora all have very strong sterilizing function simultaneously, and they can suppress unwanted bacteria in the raw material, thereby make the product after handling can reach state specified standards.
Claims (3)
1, in: at first collect fresh animal dung, the Herba Eichhorniae residue, changing food waste and human excrement and urine and crop stalk powder, wood chip, then with its pulverizing, microbe inoculation therein, in fermentation unit, make material be warmed up to 65 ℃ about 1 day through microbial process, germ in the ight soil and parasitic ovum are dead substantially, through deodorization, after dehydrating, in greenhouse formula fermentation plant, add high-efficiency nitrogen-fixing, phosphorus decomposing, potassium decomposing biological function microbial inoculum stirs continuously along track and to mix, and makes its fermentation, deodorization, the fertilizer that ferments directly enters the drying plant dehydration, sub-sieve is packed again, forms active organic fertilizer.
2, the manufacturing process of a kind of microbial organic complex fertilizer as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described microorganism is adopted actinomycetes, bacterium, fungi.
3, the manufacturing process of a kind of microbial organic complex fertilizer as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described high-efficiency nitrogen-fixing, and phosphorus decomposing, potassium decomposing biological function microbial inoculum comprise aztobacter sp, healthy and free from worry wood is mould, phosphorus decomposing bacillus megaterium and frozen glue sample genus bacillus.
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| CNA031168868A CN1548404A (en) | 2003-05-13 | 2003-05-13 | Production process of microbial organic composite fertilizer |
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| CN101982445A (en) * | 2010-09-14 | 2011-03-02 | 上海餐余垃圾处理技术有限公司 | Preparation method of potting medium for soilless ornamental plants |
| CN101486613B (en) * | 2009-02-18 | 2011-04-20 | 沃邦（江苏）生态肥业有限公司 | Method for preparing organic fertilizer by mixed fermentation of water hyacinth and dewatered sludge |
| CN101665374B (en) * | 2009-09-23 | 2011-08-17 | 新疆农业科学院微生物应用研究所 | Functional microbial fertilizer production by utilizing agricultural wastes |
| CN102153387A (en) * | 2011-05-13 | 2011-08-17 | 贵州省畜牧兽医研究所 | Method for preparing brown nitrogen-fixing bacteria microbial bacterial fertilizer |
| CN102153379A (en) * | 2010-12-02 | 2011-08-17 | 北京工商大学 | Method for producing liquid organic bacterial manure by utilizing waste liquor of restaurants and kitchens |
| CN102249758A (en) * | 2010-05-18 | 2011-11-23 | 金松亭 | Comprehensive utilizing method of novel organic fertilizer processed from livestock and poultry excrement and constructed wetland |
| CN102442849A (en) * | 2011-10-13 | 2012-05-09 | 雷震 | Disease-preventing bio-organic fertilizer prepared from straw and its preparation method |
| CN102527700A (en) * | 2011-01-04 | 2012-07-04 | 天津科恩达科技有限公司 | Treatment process for treating microorganisms of kitchen garbage in situ and realization method of treatment process |
| CN101885626B (en) * | 2009-05-13 | 2012-10-17 | 宋爱伟 | Mushroom waste and livestock manure compound fertilizer and production method thereof |
| CN102898189A (en) * | 2012-09-29 | 2013-01-30 | 洋县益民绿色农业科技有限责任公司 | Method for producing functional biological organic base fertilizer by using poultry excrement |
| CN101774835B (en) * | 2009-12-25 | 2013-02-20 | 中山大学 | Composting material composition and composting method |
| CN103360132A (en) * | 2013-07-25 | 2013-10-23 | 瑞昊（北京）环境工程有限公司 | Bio-organic fertilizer with kitchen garbage as raw material and preparation method thereof |
| CN104016734A (en) * | 2014-05-09 | 2014-09-03 | 韩以涛 | Biological organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| WO2014167409A1 (en) * | 2013-04-11 | 2014-10-16 | Pontificia Universidad Javeriana | Biological inoculant for promoting the growth of forest species and method for producing same |
| CN104987141A (en) * | 2015-07-15 | 2015-10-21 | 杨泉胜 | Multi-enzyme green manure and preparation method therefor |
| CN105254449A (en) * | 2015-09-21 | 2016-01-20 | 张日龙 | Microbial organic compost and preparation method thereof |
| CN105347865A (en) * | 2015-11-16 | 2016-02-24 | 徐天佐 | Soil-improving organic complex agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN105418191A (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2016-03-23 | 山东郁茏生物科技有限公司 | Microbial fertilizer prepared from kitchen garbage |
| CN106220433A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2016-12-14 | 上海环垦生态科技股份有限公司 | A kind of high activity little molecule richness carbon is fertile and preparation method thereof |
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| CN106699473A (en) * | 2017-02-22 | 2017-05-24 | 广州聚禅现代农业研究院有限公司 | Kitchen waste recycling produced microorganism fertilizer with nitrogen fixation and phosphate and potassium dissolving effects |
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2003
- 2003-05-13 CN CNA031168868A patent/CN1548404A/en active Pending
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| CN101885626B (en) * | 2009-05-13 | 2012-10-17 | 宋爱伟 | Mushroom waste and livestock manure compound fertilizer and production method thereof |
| CN101665374B (en) * | 2009-09-23 | 2011-08-17 | 新疆农业科学院微生物应用研究所 | Functional microbial fertilizer production by utilizing agricultural wastes |
| CN101774835B (en) * | 2009-12-25 | 2013-02-20 | 中山大学 | Composting material composition and composting method |
| CN102249758A (en) * | 2010-05-18 | 2011-11-23 | 金松亭 | Comprehensive utilizing method of novel organic fertilizer processed from livestock and poultry excrement and constructed wetland |
| CN101982445A (en) * | 2010-09-14 | 2011-03-02 | 上海餐余垃圾处理技术有限公司 | Preparation method of potting medium for soilless ornamental plants |
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| CN104016734A (en) * | 2014-05-09 | 2014-09-03 | 韩以涛 | Biological organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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| CN105254449A (en) * | 2015-09-21 | 2016-01-20 | 张日龙 | Microbial organic compost and preparation method thereof |
| CN105418191A (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2016-03-23 | 山东郁茏生物科技有限公司 | Microbial fertilizer prepared from kitchen garbage |
| CN105347865A (en) * | 2015-11-16 | 2016-02-24 | 徐天佐 | Soil-improving organic complex agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN108947164A (en) * | 2016-01-22 | 2018-12-07 | 浙江佳净洁环境科技有限公司 | A kind of application method of complex microorganism preparations |
| CN106220433A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2016-12-14 | 上海环垦生态科技股份有限公司 | A kind of high activity little molecule richness carbon is fertile and preparation method thereof |
| CN106631216A (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2017-05-10 | 永安市仁迈信息技术服务有限公司 | Natural organic fertilizer specially used in lotus ponds |
| CN106699473A (en) * | 2017-02-22 | 2017-05-24 | 广州聚禅现代农业研究院有限公司 | Kitchen waste recycling produced microorganism fertilizer with nitrogen fixation and phosphate and potassium dissolving effects |
| CN107500956A (en) * | 2017-07-29 | 2017-12-22 | 刘振 | A kind of special ecological fertilizer of young plant prepares and application process |
| CN109952926A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2019-07-02 | 甘肃渭水源药业科技有限公司 | A kind of Ecological preventive way of Radix Codonopsis prevention and treatment root rot |
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| CN108503400A (en) * | 2018-06-07 | 2018-09-07 | 张浓田 | A kind of dry recovery method with plant powder and particle disposal biologic garbage |
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