CN109952926A - A kind of Ecological preventive way of Radix Codonopsis prevention and treatment root rot - Google Patents
A kind of Ecological preventive way of Radix Codonopsis prevention and treatment root rot Download PDFInfo
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- CN109952926A CN109952926A CN201711415766.6A CN201711415766A CN109952926A CN 109952926 A CN109952926 A CN 109952926A CN 201711415766 A CN201711415766 A CN 201711415766A CN 109952926 A CN109952926 A CN 109952926A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
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- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of Ecological preventive way of Radix Codonopsis prevention and treatment root rot.The method of the present invention includes: the pretreatment of seed, nursery selection of land site preparation: nursery, seedbed management, transplanting, cultivation management.The method of the present invention simple, time saving, saving of labor, low cost with method, reduce the generation of Radix Codonopsis root rot and the plague of rats, improve Radix Codonopsis yield and quality, and comprehensively utilize Radix Codonopsis resource and increase Social benefit and economic benefit, can effectively prevent Radix Codonopsis root rot and the plague of rats.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural crops technical field of cultivation, and in particular to Radix Codonopsis prevents and treats root rot and the Ecology of the plague of rats is planted
Training, specifically a kind of Ecological preventive way of Radix Codonopsis prevention and treatment root rot.
Background technique
Radix Codonopsis is Campanulaceae Radix Codonopsis Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) Nannf., codonopsis pilosula var. modesta
The dry root of C.pilosula Nannf.var.modesta (Nannf.) L.T.Shen or radix codonpsis tangshen C.tangshenOliv..
Qing Dynasty Zhang Shanlei is recorded in " materia medica " book: " Radix Codonopsis power energy tonifying spleen nourishing the stomach, moistening lung and producing body fluid are good for gas in fortune, sheet and ginseng
It is not very mutually remote.Its outstanding valuable person, then invigorating the spleen is without dry, and taste stomach is without wet, and moistening lung is cold and cool without violating, and blood-nourishing is greasy without growing partially.Drum
Dance is clear positive, gas in vibration, and without just dry disadvantage." modern Chinese medicine thinks, Radix Codonopsis sweet in flavor and neutral in nature, have tonifying middle-Jiao and Qi, promote the production of body fluid it is feeding
The effect of blood, strengthening spleen and tonifying lung；Cure mainly weakness of the spleen and the stomach, shortness of breath and palpitation, loss of appetite, diet reduction, diarrhea with loose stool, virtual asthma cough,
Qi-blood deficiency equal diseases, for clinical conventional Chinese medicine
In terms of modern age is concentrated mainly on chemical component, assay and pharmacological action to the research of Radix Codonopsis, to Radix Codonopsis ingredient
The report of research is more, mainly thinks that Radix Codonopsis contains polysaccharide, monosaccharide, tangshenoside Ⅰ, II, III, IV, atractyloide class, enol class,
Niacin, vanillic acid, ferulic acid, amino acid, inorganic elements etc..Modern pharmacological studies have shown that Radix Codonopsis has antiulcer, blood glucose is saved,
Promote hematopoietic function, blood pressure lowering resists myocardial ischemia, anti anoxia, endurance, improves hemorheology, enhances immunity of organisms, adjusts
It saves stomach and a variety of effects such as shrinks, also have the effects that intelligence development, calmness, hypnosis, anticonvulsion.
With the development of society, continuous improvement of people's living standards, health perception also constantly enhances, more and more people
Focus on health, and Chinese medicine converted products is considered as the food for meeting modern and advocating natural green.Radix Codonopsis root in recent years
Maize ear rot and the plague of rats annoying always people, cause Radix Codonopsis yield is not high not to be able to satisfy the market demand.
Traditional medicinal part of Radix Codonopsis is root, cannot effectively prevent root rot and the plague of rats, be that Radix Codonopsis quality and yield cannot
The significant problem of breakthrough.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of Ecological preventive way of Radix Codonopsis prevention and treatment root rot, can effectively prevent Radix Codonopsis root rot and mouse
Evil improves Radix Codonopsis yield and quality.
To achieve the above object, the Ecological preventive way of a kind of Radix Codonopsis prevention and treatment root rot of the present invention, it is characterised in that:
The following steps are included:
A, the pretreatment of seed: adopting back its fruit in the Radix Codonopsis mature period, and seed, which is put into microbial inoculum solution, impregnates 1-2h,
It is then placed in 40-55 DEG C of nutrient solution and impregnates 8-20h, it is laggard that seed is then placed on to vernalization in 20-35 DEG C of germinating cabinet again
Row sowing；
B, nursery selection of land site preparation: stubble is gramineous crop and legume crop before selecting；Nursery deep ploughs depth as 20-
30cm；Then furrow are done, and apply base manure in the treatment process of nursery；
C, nursery: 2 row of Radix Codonopsis seed is planted in the furrow face handled well, then line-spacing 10cm, line width 5cm cover thickness
For the seedling medium of 1-3cm, finally again in the wheat straw that layer overlay length above is 10-15cm；The seedling medium, by following
The group of parts by weight is grouped as: 1-3 parts of Chinese herb residues, 1-3 parts of plant ash, 1-2 parts of attapulgite, 2-3 parts of quick lime；In described
Herbal medicine slag, is composed of the following parts by weight: 1-3 parts of manaca, 1-3 parts of Radix Glycyrrhizae, 1-3 parts of the tuber of pinellia, 1-3 parts of rhizoma acori graminei,
1-3 parts of snakegourd, 1-3 parts of Asiatic plantain, 1-3 parts of purple perilla, 1-3 parts of cordate houttuynia；
D, seedbed management: will often water during nursery, loosen the soil, weeding, keep ground moistening, it is loose, without weeds；
E, it transplants: when transplanting, selecting the Radix Codonopsis seedling of robust growth no disease and pests harm, be grass family and legume crop in preceding stubble
Soil, 1-2 tons of organic fertilizer, deep plough 25-30cm, rake, then open the ditch of deep 20cm, Radix Codonopsis seedling is directly put in ditch, is covered
Soil makes the symptom of a trend sow next line away from ground 3-5cm, spacing in the rows 8-10cm, line-spacing 25-30cm, stay 30-40cm's in the centre of two rows
Null plants a line radix euphorbiae lantu seedling, spacing in the rows 30-50cm；
F, cultivation management:
Periodically check Radix Codonopsis growing way, 30-60 days after transplanting, adjustment water-retaining quantity among field of soil range is 60-70%, and by weight
Number is measured, 10-15 portions of cordate houttuynias and 5-9 portions of tree-of-heavens, 100 parts of water leaching liquor is respectively prepared and mixed, Radix Codonopsis is once sprayed
It applies, fountain height is 40-60kg per acre；70-100 days after transplanting, adjustment cultivating soil moisture content range is 55-65%, and is pressed
5-8 parts of radix aucklandiaes, 12-15 parts of radix saposhnikoviaes, 100 parts of water are respectively prepared leaching liquor and mixed and once sprayed to seedling by parts by weight,
Fountain height 40-60kg per acre imposes a biological organic fertilizer for 120-160 days after transplanting, and the amount of application of biological organic fertilizer is in 0.1-
0.2 kilogram/plant.
Microbial inoculum living bacteria count content in the microbial inoculum solution is greater than or equal to 2 × 108A/mL.
The microbial inoculum at least contains one of gel-shaped series bacillus, bacillus subtilis, bacillus megaterium.
The volume ratio of microbial inoculum and water in the microbial inoculum solution composition is 1:15-1:45.
Contain brown sugar 10-15g, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate 5.0-5.5mg, boric acid 11-13mg in the every 1000mL of nutrient solution,
Ammonium chloride 90-100mg, copper sulphate 7.5-8.2mg, manganese sulfate 22-25mg, zinc sulfate 12-15mg, Armillaria mellea fermented solution 30-
50ml。
The germinating cabinet is to be divided into two parts, and a part is 600w microwave equipment, and another part is refrigerating equipment；It is described to urge
Bud method are as follows: first then 600w microwave equipment stops microwave treatment, then seed with 60% firepower microwave treatment 10-20s
It is stand-by after Wen Cuiya 24-36h then at 20-35 DEG C in 0-5 DEG C of refrigeration 10-12h.
The base manure is made of the raw material of following parts by weight: swine excrement 9-13%, poultry dung 12-16%, big
Type livestocks faces 16-20%, sheep dung just 11-15%, human faecal mass 16-20%, black earth or sludge 21-25%, the poultry dung
Containing duck, goose excrement, the large size livestocks faces contain horse, mule, donkey excrement, and preparation method is to carry out after above-mentioned excrement is mixed
Fermentation, fermentation temperature require 60-70 DEG C, fermentation time 72h, sufficiently enter dryer after fermentation and dried, drying cools down
After crushed, be ground into after 120 mesh powderies and enter pelletizer and be granulated, granulated pellet is 1.5-3 millimeters, then carries out two
It is stand-by after secondary drying, detection are qualified.
The mass fraction proportion of each raw material in the biological organic fertilizer are as follows: 110-140 parts of fertile soil, complex micro organism fungicide
0.2 part, 0.5 part of dregs of beans, 0.1 part of attapulgite, the complex micro organism fungicide includes mould, bacillus, lactic acid bacteria, unwrapping wire
Bacterium, saccharomycete；The biological organic fertilizer processes gained according to the following steps:
A, it stocks up: according to above-mentioned each material quality than getting various raw materials ready after weighing；
B, the fertile soil got ready is tiled after mixing with attapulgite, tile thickness 40-50cm；
C, the complex micro organism fungicide got ready, dregs of beans are uniformly mixed, add the water dilution of 25 times of mixed material amounts,
22-26h is stood, zymocyte liquid is made；
D, the zymocyte liquid after standing is uniformly sprinkled into the fertile soil and attapulgite of tiling, by material and zymocyte liquid
It stirs；
E, it ferments: the material stacking of zymocyte liquid will be vaccinated with, moisture control is between 50-60%, epiphragma 10-15
55-70 DEG C of its fermentation temperature；Stacking after turning 4-5 days can be used.
Contain mould 5-8 hundred million, the effective viable bacteria 12-15 hundred million of bacillus, lactic acid bacteria in every gram of complex micro organism fungicide
15-18 hundred million, actinomyces 10-12 hundred million, saccharomycete 15-18 hundred million.
A kind of Ecological preventive way of Radix Codonopsis prevention and treatment root rot of the present invention, the beneficial effect is that: the method for the present invention
Simply, time saving, saving of labor, low cost reduce the generation of Radix Codonopsis root rot and the plague of rats, improve Radix Codonopsis yield and quality, and comprehensive benefit
Increase Social benefit and economic benefit with Radix Codonopsis resource, can effectively prevent Radix Codonopsis root rot and the plague of rats.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of Ecological preventive way of Radix Codonopsis prevention and treatment root rot of the present invention, comprising the following steps:
A, the pretreatment of seed: adopting back its fruit in the Radix Codonopsis mature period, selects full pure, no disease and pests harm, without mould
The work kind of change, seed is put into immersion 1h in microbial inoculum solution, and (the microbial inoculum living bacteria count content in the microbial inoculum solution is greater than or waits
In 2 × 108A/mL, microbial inoculum are gel-shaped series bacillus, and the volume ratio of microbial inoculum and water in the microbial inoculum solution composition is 1:
15), while ultraviolet irradiation 10min is carried out, is then placed in 40 DEG C of nutrient solution and impregnates 12h (in the every 1000mL of nutrient solution
Contain brown sugar 10-15g, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate 5.0-5.5mg, boric acid 11-13mg, ammonium chloride 90-100mg, copper sulphate 7.5-
8.2mg, manganese sulfate 22-25mg, zinc sulfate 12-15mg, Armillaria mellea fermented solution 30-50ml), seed is then placed on 20 DEG C again
Sowed that (germinating cabinet is to be divided into two parts, and a part is 600w microwave equipment, and another part is in germinating cabinet after vernalization
Refrigerating equipment；The germination accelerating method are as follows: first then 600w microwave equipment is stopped micro- with 60% firepower microwave treatment 10-20s
Wave processing, then seed is in 0-5 DEG C of refrigeration 10-12h, stand-by after Wen Cuiya 24-36h then at 20-35 DEG C)；
B, nursery selection of land site preparation: stubble is gramineous crop and legume crop before selecting；Nursery deep ploughs depth as 20-
30cm；Then furrow are done, and apply base manure in the treatment process of nursery；The base manure is by the raw material of following parts by weight
It is made: swine excrement 9%, poultry dung 12%, large-scale livestocks faces 16%, sheep dung just 11%, human faecal mass 16%, black earth or sludge
21%, the poultry dung contains duck, goose excrement, and the large size livestocks faces contain horse, mule, donkey excrement, and preparation method is above-mentioned
Excrement be mixed after ferment, fermentation temperature require 60 DEG C, fermentation time 72h, sufficiently fermentation after enter dryer into
Row drying, drying are crushed after cooling down, and are granulated after being ground into 120 mesh powderies into pelletizer, and granulated pellet is 1.5 millis
Rice, it is stand-by after then carrying out secondary drying, detecting qualification；
C, nursery: 2 row of Radix Codonopsis seed is planted in the furrow face handled well, then line-spacing 10cm, line width 5cm cover thickness
For the seedling medium of 1-3cm, finally again in the wheat straw that layer overlay length above is 10-15cm；The breeding matrix, by following
The group of parts by weight is grouped as: 1 part of Chinese herb residues, 1 part of plant ash, 1 part of attapulgite；The Chinese herb residues, by following weight
The group of number is grouped as: 1 part of manaca, 1 part of Radix Glycyrrhizae, 1 part of the tuber of pinellia, 1 part of rhizoma acori graminei, 1 part of snakegourd, 1 part of Asiatic plantain, 1 part of purple perilla,
1 part of cordate houttuynia；
D, seedbed management: will often water during nursery, loosen the soil, weeding, keep ground moistening, it is loose, without weeds；
E, it transplants: when transplanting, selecting the Radix Codonopsis seedling of robust growth no disease and pests harm, be grass family and legume crop in preceding stubble
Soil, 1-2 tons of organic fertilizer, deep plough 25-30cm, rake, then open the ditch of deep 20cm, Radix Codonopsis seedling is directly put in ditch, is covered
Soil makes the symptom of a trend sow next line away from ground 3-5cm, spacing in the rows 8-10cm, line-spacing 25-30cm, stay 30-40cm's in the centre of two rows
Null plants a line radix euphorbiae lantu seedling, spacing in the rows 30-50cm；
F, cultivation management:
Periodically check Radix Codonopsis growing way, 30-60 days after transplanting, adjustment water-retaining quantity among field of soil range is 60-70%, and by weight
Number is measured, 10-15 portions of cordate houttuynias and 5-9 portions of tree-of-heavens, 100 parts of water leaching liquor is respectively prepared and mixed, Radix Codonopsis is once sprayed
It applies, fountain height is 40-60kg per acre；70-100 days after transplanting, adjustment cultivating soil moisture content range is 55-65%, and is pressed
5-8 parts of radix aucklandiaes, 12-15 parts of radix saposhnikoviaes, 100 parts of water are respectively prepared leaching liquor and mixed and once sprayed to seedling by parts by weight,
Fountain height 40-60kg per acre；A biological organic fertilizer is imposed within 120-160 days after transplanting, the amount of application of biological organic fertilizer is in 0.1 public affairs
Jin/strain；
The mass fraction proportion of each raw material in the biological organic fertilizer are as follows: 110 parts of fertile soil, complex micro organism fungicide 0.2
Part, 0.5 part of dregs of beans, 0.1 part of attapulgite, the complex micro organism fungicide include mould, bacillus, lactic acid bacteria, actinomyces,
Saccharomycete (contains mould 500,000,000, the effective viable bacteria 1,200,000,000 of bacillus, lactic acid bacteria 1,500,000,000, puts in every gram of complex micro organism fungicide
Line bacterium 1,000,000,000, saccharomycete 15 are hundred million)；The biological organic fertilizer processes gained according to the following steps:
A, it stocks up: according to above-mentioned each material quality than getting various raw materials ready after weighing；
B, the fertile soil got ready is tiled after mixing with attapulgite, tile thickness 40cm；
C, the complex micro organism fungicide got ready, dregs of beans are uniformly mixed, add the water dilution of 25 times of mixed material amounts,
22h is stood, zymocyte liquid is made；
D, the zymocyte liquid after standing is uniformly sprinkled into the fertile soil and attapulgite of tiling, by material and zymocyte liquid
It stirs；
E, it ferments: the material stacking of zymocyte liquid will be vaccinated with, moisture control ferments for epiphragma 10 days between 50%
55 DEG C of temperature；Stacking after turning 4 days can be used.
Embodiment 2
A kind of Ecological preventive way of Radix Codonopsis prevention and treatment root rot of the present invention, comprising the following steps:
A, the pretreatment of seed: adopting back its fruit in the Radix Codonopsis mature period, and seed is put into immersion 2h (institute in microbial inoculum solution
Stating microbial inoculum is bacillus subtilis, and the volume ratio of microbial inoculum and water in microbial inoculum solution composition is 1:45, the microbial inoculum in microbial inoculum solution
Living bacteria count content is greater than or equal to 2 × 108A/mL), it is then placed in the immersion 20h (nutrient solution in 45 DEG C of nutrient solution
Contain brown sugar 15g, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate 5.5mg, boric acid 13mg, ammonium chloride 100mg, copper sulphate 8.2mg, sulfuric acid in every 1000mL
Manganese 25mg, zinc sulfate 15mg, Armillaria mellea fermented solution 50ml), then seed is placed in 35 DEG C of germinating cabinet again and is carried out after vernalization
(germinating cabinet is to be divided into two parts, and a part is 600w microwave equipment, and another part is refrigerating equipment for sowing；The vernalization
Method are as follows: first then 600w microwave equipment stops microwave treatment, then seed is at 5 DEG C with 60% firepower microwave treatment 20s
12h is refrigerated, stand-by after Wen Cuiya 36h then at 35 DEG C)；
B, nursery selection of land site preparation: stubble is gramineous crop and legume crop before selecting；Nursery deep ploughs depth as 20-
30cm；Then furrow are done, and apply base manure in the treatment process of nursery；The base manure is by the raw material of following parts by weight
It is made: swine excrement 13%, poultry dung 16%, large-scale livestocks faces 20%, sheep dung just 15%, human faecal mass 20%, black earth or dirt
Mud 25%, the poultry dung contain duck, goose excrement, and the large size livestocks faces contain horse, mule, donkey excrement, and preparation method is upper
It states after excrement is mixed and ferments, fermentation temperature requires 70 DEG C, fermentation time 72h, sufficiently enters dryer after fermentation
It is dried, drying is crushed after cooling down, and is granulated after being ground into 120 mesh powderies into pelletizer, and granulated pellet is 3 millis
Rice, it is stand-by after then carrying out secondary drying, detecting qualification；
C, nursery: 2 row of Radix Codonopsis seed is planted in the furrow face handled well, then line-spacing 10cm, line width 5cm cover thickness
For the seedling medium of 1-3cm, finally again in the wheat straw that layer overlay length above is 10-15cm；The breeding matrix, by following
The group of parts by weight is grouped as: 3 parts of Chinese herb residues, 3 parts of plant ash, 2 parts of attapulgite；The Chinese herb residues, by following weight
The group of number is grouped as: 3 parts of manaca, 3 parts of Radix Glycyrrhizae, 3 parts of the tuber of pinellia, 3 parts of rhizoma acori graminei, 3 parts of snakegourd, 3 parts of Asiatic plantain, 3 parts of purple perilla,
3 parts of cordate houttuynia；
D, seedbed management: will often water during nursery, loosen the soil, weeding, keep ground moistening, it is loose, without weeds；
E, it transplants: when transplanting, selecting the Radix Codonopsis seedling of robust growth no disease and pests harm, be grass family and legume crop in preceding stubble
Soil, 1-2 tons of organic fertilizer, deep plough 25-30cm, rake, then open the ditch of deep 20cm, Radix Codonopsis seedling is directly put in ditch, is covered
Soil makes the symptom of a trend sow next line away from ground 3-5cm, spacing in the rows 8-10cm, line-spacing 25-30cm, stay 30-40cm's in the centre of two rows
Null plants a line radix euphorbiae lantu seedling, spacing in the rows 30-50cm；
F, cultivation management:
Periodically check Radix Codonopsis growing way, 30-60 days after transplanting, adjustment water-retaining quantity among field of soil range is 60-70%, and by weight
Number is measured, 10-15 portions of cordate houttuynias and 5-9 portions of tree-of-heavens, 100 parts of water leaching liquor is respectively prepared and mixed, Radix Codonopsis is once sprayed
It applies, fountain height is 40-60kg per acre；70-100 days after transplanting, adjustment cultivating soil moisture content range is 55-65%, and is pressed
5-8 parts of radix aucklandiaes, 12-15 parts of radix saposhnikoviaes, 100 parts of water are respectively prepared leaching liquor and mixed and once sprayed to seedling by parts by weight,
Fountain height 40-60kg per acre；Impose within 160 days after transplanting a biological organic fertilizer, the amount of application of biological organic fertilizer 0.2 kilogram/
Strain；
The mass fraction proportion of each raw material in the biological organic fertilizer are as follows: 140 parts of fertile soil, complex micro organism fungicide 0.2
Part, 0.5 part of dregs of beans, 0.1 part of attapulgite, the complex micro organism fungicide include mould, bacillus, lactic acid bacteria, actinomyces,
Saccharomycete (contains mould 800,000,000, the effective viable bacteria 1,500,000,000 of bacillus, lactic acid bacteria 1,800,000,000, puts in every gram of complex micro organism fungicide
Line bacterium 1,200,000,000, saccharomycete 18 are hundred million)；The biological organic fertilizer processes gained according to the following steps:
A, it stocks up: according to above-mentioned each material quality than getting various raw materials ready after weighing；
B, the fertile soil got ready is tiled after mixing with attapulgite, tile thickness 40-50cm；
C, the complex micro organism fungicide got ready, dregs of beans are uniformly mixed, add the water dilution of 25 times of mixed material amounts,
26h is stood, zymocyte liquid is made；
D, the zymocyte liquid after standing is uniformly sprinkled into the fertile soil and attapulgite of tiling, by material and zymocyte liquid
It stirs；
E, it ferments: the material stacking of zymocyte liquid will be vaccinated with, moisture control ferments for epiphragma 15 days between 60%
Temperature 70 C；Stacking after turning 5 days can be used.
Embodiment 3
A kind of Ecological preventive way of Radix Codonopsis prevention and treatment root rot of the present invention, comprising the following steps:
A, the pretreatment of seed: adopting back its fruit in the Radix Codonopsis mature period, and seed, which is put into microbial inoculum solution, impregnates 1.5h
(microbial inoculum is bacillus subtilis, and the volume ratio of microbial inoculum and water in microbial inoculum solution composition is 1:30, the bacterium in microbial inoculum solution
Agent living bacteria count content is greater than or equal to 2 × 108A/mL), it is then placed in the immersion 20h (nutrition in 55 DEG C of nutrient solution
Contain brown sugar 12g, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate 5.0mg, boric acid 12mg, ammonium chloride 95mg, copper sulphate 8.0mg, sulphur in the every 1000mL of liquid
Sour manganese 24mg, zinc sulfate 13mg, Armillaria mellea fermented solution 40ml), it is laggard that seed is then placed on to vernalization in 25 DEG C of germinating cabinet again
(germinating cabinet is to be divided into two parts, and a part is 600w microwave equipment, and another part is refrigerating equipment for row sowing；It is described to urge
Bud method are as follows: first then 600w microwave equipment stops microwave treatment, then seed is 4 with 60% firepower microwave treatment 15s
DEG C refrigeration 11h, stand-by after Wen Cuiya 30h then at 25 DEG C)；
B, nursery selection of land site preparation: stubble is gramineous crop and legume crop before selecting；Nursery deep ploughs depth as 20-
30cm；Then furrow are done, and apply base manure in the treatment process of nursery；The base manure is by the raw material of following parts by weight
It is made: swine excrement 11%, poultry dung 15%, large-scale livestocks faces 18%, sheep dung just 14%, human faecal mass 18%, black earth or dirt
Mud 24%, the poultry dung contain duck, goose excrement, and the large size livestocks faces contain horse, mule, donkey excrement, and preparation method is upper
It states after excrement is mixed and ferments, fermentation temperature requires 65 DEG C, fermentation time 72h, sufficiently enters dryer after fermentation
It is dried, drying is crushed after cooling down, and is granulated after being ground into 120 mesh powderies into pelletizer, and granulated pellet is 2 millis
Rice, it is stand-by after then carrying out secondary drying, detecting qualification；
C, nursery: 2 row of Radix Codonopsis seed is planted in the furrow face handled well, then line-spacing 10cm, line width 5cm cover thickness
For the seedling medium of 1-3cm, finally again in the wheat straw that layer overlay length above is 10-15cm；The breeding matrix, by following
The group of parts by weight is grouped as: 2 parts of Chinese herb residues, 2 parts of plant ash, 1.5 parts of attapulgite；The Chinese herb residues, by following heavy
The group of amount number is grouped as: 2 parts of manaca, 2 parts of Radix Glycyrrhizae, 2 parts of the tuber of pinellia, 2 parts of rhizoma acori graminei, 2 parts of snakegourd, 2 parts of Asiatic plantain, purple perilla 2
Part, 2 parts of cordate houttuynia；
D, seedbed management: will often water during nursery, loosen the soil, weeding, keep ground moistening, it is loose, without weeds；
E, it transplants: when transplanting, selecting the Radix Codonopsis seedling of robust growth no disease and pests harm, be grass family and legume crop in preceding stubble
Soil, 1-2 tons of organic fertilizer, deep plough 25-30cm, rake, then open the ditch of deep 20cm, Radix Codonopsis seedling is directly put in ditch, is covered
Soil makes the symptom of a trend sow next line away from ground 3-5cm, spacing in the rows 8-10cm, line-spacing 25-30cm, stay 30-40cm's in the centre of two rows
Null plants a line radix euphorbiae lantu seedling, spacing in the rows 30-50cm；
F, cultivation management:
Periodically check Radix Codonopsis growing way, 30-60 days after transplanting, adjustment water-retaining quantity among field of soil range is 60-70%, and by weight
Number is measured, 10-15 portions of cordate houttuynias and 5-9 portions of tree-of-heavens, 100 parts of water leaching liquor is respectively prepared and mixed, Radix Codonopsis is once sprayed
It applies, fountain height is 40-60kg per acre；70-100 days after transplanting, adjustment cultivating soil moisture content range is 55-65%, and is pressed
5-8 parts of radix aucklandiaes, 12-15 parts of radix saposhnikoviaes, 100 parts of water are respectively prepared leaching liquor and mixed and once sprayed to seedling by parts by weight,
Fountain height 40-60kg per acre；Impose within 150 days after transplanting a biological organic fertilizer, the amount of application of biological organic fertilizer 0.15 kilogram/
Strain；
The mass fraction proportion of each raw material in the biological organic fertilizer are as follows: 120 parts of fertile soil, complex micro organism fungicide 0.2
Part, 0.5 part of dregs of beans, 0.1 part of attapulgite, the complex micro organism fungicide include mould, bacillus, lactic acid bacteria, actinomyces,
Saccharomycete (contains mould 600,000,000, the effective viable bacteria 1,300,000,000 of bacillus, lactic acid bacteria 1,700,000,000, puts in every gram of complex micro organism fungicide
Line bacterium 1,100,000,000, saccharomycete 16 are hundred million)；The biological organic fertilizer processes gained according to the following steps:
A, it stocks up: according to above-mentioned each material quality than getting various raw materials ready after weighing；
B, the fertile soil got ready is tiled after mixing with attapulgite, tile thickness 45cm；
C, the complex micro organism fungicide got ready, dregs of beans are uniformly mixed, add the water dilution of 25 times of mixed material amounts,
25h is stood, zymocyte liquid is made；
D, the zymocyte liquid after standing is uniformly sprinkled into the fertile soil and attapulgite of tiling, by material and zymocyte liquid
It stirs；
E, it ferments: the material stacking of zymocyte liquid will be vaccinated with, moisture control ferments for epiphragma 12 days between 55%
Temperature 60 C；Stacking after turning 4 days can be used.
The method of the present invention has the function of that 30% root-rot can be reduced through experimental control by preventing and treating Radix Codonopsis root rot and the plague of rats
Sick incidence probability and prevent the plague of rats.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of Ecological preventive way of Radix Codonopsis prevention and treatment root rot, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:
A, the pretreatment of seed: adopting back its fruit in the Radix Codonopsis mature period, and seed, which is put into microbial inoculum solution, impregnates 1-2h, then
It is put into 40-55 DEG C of nutrient solution and impregnates 8-20h, then seed is placed in 20-35 DEG C of germinating cabinet again and is broadcast after vernalization
Kind；
B, nursery selection of land site preparation:: stubble is gramineous crop and legume crop before selecting；Nursery deep ploughs depth as 20-30cm；So
After do furrow, and apply base manure in the treatment process of nursery；
C, nursery: 2 row of Radix Codonopsis seed is planted in the furrow face handled well, then line-spacing 10cm, line width 5cm cover with a thickness of 1-
The seedling medium of 3cm, finally again in the wheat straw that layer overlay length above is 10-15cm；The seedling medium, by following weight
The group of number is grouped as: 1-3 parts of Chinese herb residues, 1-3 parts of plant ash, 1-2 parts of attapulgite, 2-3 parts of quick lime；The Chinese herbal medicine
Slag is composed of the following parts by weight: 1-3 parts of manaca, 1-3 parts of Radix Glycyrrhizae, 1-3 parts of the tuber of pinellia, 1-3 parts of rhizoma acori graminei, snakegourd
1-3 parts, 1-3 parts of Asiatic plantain, 1-3 parts of purple perilla, 1-3 parts of cordate houttuynia；
D, seedbed management: will often water during nursery, loosen the soil, weeding, keep ground moistening, it is loose, without weeds；
E, it transplants: when transplanting, selecting the Radix Codonopsis seedling of robust growth no disease and pests harm, in the soil that preceding stubble is grass family and legume crop
Ground, 1-2 tons of organic fertilizer, deep plough 25-30cm, rakes, then opens the ditch of deep 20cm, Radix Codonopsis seedling is directly put in ditch, earthing makes
The symptom of a trend sows next line, stays the null of 30-40cm in the centre of two rows away from ground 3-5cm, spacing in the rows 8-10cm, line-spacing 25-30cm,
Plant a line radix euphorbiae lantu seedling, spacing in the rows 30-50cm；
F, cultivation management:
Periodically check Radix Codonopsis growing way, 30-60 days after transplanting, adjustment water-retaining quantity among field of soil range is 60-70%, and by weight
10-15 portions of cordate houttuynias and 5-9 portions of tree-of-heavens, 100 parts of water are respectively prepared leaching liquor mixing and are once sprayed to Radix Codonopsis, often by number
Mu fountain height is 40-60kg；70-100 days after transplanting, adjustment cultivating soil moisture content range is 55-65%, and by weight
5-8 parts of radix aucklandiaes, 12-15 parts of radix saposhnikoviaes, 100 parts of water are respectively prepared leaching liquor and mixed and once sprayed to seedling, sprayed per acre by number
The amount of spilling 40-60kg；A biological organic fertilizer is imposed within 120-160 days after transplanting, the amount of application of biological organic fertilizer is in 0.1-0.2 public affairs
Jin/strain.
2. a kind of Ecological preventive way of Radix Codonopsis prevention and treatment root rot as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the microbial inoculum solution
In microbial inoculum living bacteria count content be greater than or equal to 2 × 108A/mL.
3. a kind of Ecological preventive way of Radix Codonopsis prevention and treatment root rot as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that: the microbial inoculum is at least
Contain one of gel-shaped series bacillus, bacillus subtilis, bacillus megaterium.
4. a kind of Ecological preventive way of Radix Codonopsis prevention and treatment root rot as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that: the microbial inoculum solution
The volume ratio of microbial inoculum and water in composition is 1:15-1:45.
5. a kind of Ecological preventive way of Radix Codonopsis prevention and treatment root rot as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that: the nutrient solution is every
Contain brown sugar 10-15g, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate 5.0-5.5mg, boric acid 11-13mg, ammonium chloride 90-100mg, sulfuric acid in 1000mL
Copper 7.5-8.2mg, manganese sulfate 22-25mg, zinc sulfate 12-15mg, Armillaria mellea fermented solution 30-50ml.
6. a kind of Ecological preventive way of Radix Codonopsis prevention and treatment root rot as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that: the germinating cabinet is
It is divided into two parts, a part is 600w microwave equipment, and another part is refrigerating equipment；The germination accelerating method are as follows: 600w is micro- first
Then wave device stops microwave treatment with 60% firepower microwave treatment 10-20s, then seed is in 0-5 DEG C of refrigeration 10-12h,
Then stand-by after Wen Cuiya 24-36h at 20-35 DEG C.
7. the Ecological preventive way of a kind of Radix Codonopsis prevention and treatment root rot as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that: the base manure be by
The raw material of following parts by weight are made: swine excrement 9-13%, poultry dung 12-16%, large-scale livestocks faces 16-20%, sheep
Excrement 11-15%, human faecal mass 16-20%, black earth or sludge 21-25%, the poultry dung contain duck, goose excrement, the large size
Livestocks faces contain horse, mule, donkey excrement, and preparation method is to ferment after above-mentioned excrement is mixed, and fermentation temperature requires 60-
70 DEG C, fermentation time 72h, sufficiently enter dryer after fermentation and dried, drying is crushed after cooling down, and is ground into 120
After mesh powdery enter pelletizer be granulated, granulated pellet be 1.5-3 millimeter, then carry out secondary drying, detection qualification after to
With.
8. a kind of Ecological preventive way of Radix Codonopsis prevention and treatment root rot as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that: the biological organic
The mass fraction proportion of each raw material in fertilizer are as follows: 110-140 parts of fertile soil, 0.2 part of complex micro organism fungicide, 0.5 part of dregs of beans, bumps
0.1 part of stick powder, the complex micro organism fungicide includes mould, bacillus, lactic acid bacteria, actinomyces, saccharomycete；The biology has
Machine fertilizer processes gained according to the following steps:
A, it stocks up: according to above-mentioned each material quality than getting various raw materials ready after weighing；
B, the fertile soil got ready is tiled after mixing with attapulgite, tile thickness 40-50cm；
C, the complex micro organism fungicide got ready, dregs of beans are uniformly mixed, add the water dilution of 25 times of mixed material amounts, stands
Zymocyte liquid is made in 22-26h；
D, the zymocyte liquid after standing is uniformly sprinkled into the fertile soil and attapulgite of tiling, material and zymocyte liquid is abundant
It stirs evenly；
E, it ferments: the material stacking of zymocyte liquid will be vaccinated with, moisture control is sent out for epiphragma 10-15 days between 50-60%
55-70 DEG C of ferment temperature；Stacking after turning 4-5 days can be used.
9. a kind of Ecological preventive way of Radix Codonopsis prevention and treatment root rot as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that: described every gram compound
Contain mould 5-8 hundred million, the effective viable bacteria 12-15 hundred million of bacillus, lactic acid bacteria 15-18 hundred million, actinomyces 10-12 in microbial bacterial agent
Hundred million, saccharomycete 15-18 hundred million.
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| CN110859192A (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2020-03-06 | 宕昌县福江源药业科技有限责任公司 | Preparation for preventing and treating root rot of codonopsis pilosula and preparation method thereof |
| CN112930752A (en) * | 2021-03-08 | 2021-06-11 | 广州甘蔗糖业研究所湛江甘蔗研究中心 | Method for breeding and cultivating south drug seeds |
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