CN101863692B - Method for preparing bioorganic fertilizer by using city life sludge - Google Patents
Method for preparing bioorganic fertilizer by using city life sludge Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
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- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
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- 238000010564 aerobic fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000002068 microbial inoculum Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 18
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- 241000194017 Streptococcus Species 0.000 description 1
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- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing a bioorganic fertilizer by using city life sludge, comprising the following steps: (1) mixing an anaerobic zymophyte agent with sludge to obtain a material 1; (2) mixing the material 1 with organic raw material powder to carry out anaerobic fermentation; (3) adding fermented auxiliary materials to the product obtained by anaerobic fermentation, and regulating the water content to be 45-50wt% to obtain a material 2; (4) inoculating a high-temperature zymophyte agent to the material 2 to carry out high-temperature aerobic fermentation; and (5) crushing, granulating and drying to obtain the bioorganic fertilizer. The invention has the advantages that by using the method of the invention, the odor and peculiar smell of the sludge can be completely removed; the fermentation period is short; nutrients can be rapidly matured and pernicious microbes and parasite eggs can be thoroughly killed (a coliform value is reduced to below 30 MPN/100gDM, and ascaris eggs are inactivated in hundred-percent); and the prepared bioorganic fertilizer product contains no more than 20% of water, no less than 40% of organic matters and no less than 4% of nitrogen phosphorus potassium, and the contents of heavy metals and other indexes all satisfy standard requirements.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of organic fertilizer, relate in particular to a kind of method of utilizing municipal sludge to prepare biological organic fertilizer, belong to the biological organic fertilizer field.
Background technology
Mud is the byproduct that city domestic sewage is processed, and in recent years, along with the continuous expansion of city size, the generation of dewatered sludge is also increasing, and how to process has become a global problem.After sewage is processed through various different process, after water outlet has reached the emission standard of national regulation, the mud that produces in the sewage treatment process still contains a large amount of organic substances and the abundant nutritive substances such as nitrogen phosphorus, be discharged into arbitrarily in the water body as not adding stabilizing treatment, organism in the mud and nitrogen, sulphur will consume the oxygen in the water body in a large number, cause water quality to worsen, have a strong impact on the existence of aquatic organism, nutritive substance in the mud can cause the eutrophication of water body, impel the pernicious breeding of algae, cause red tide and the green damp phenomenon of water body, urban water resource water quality is worsened, affect domestic water and industrial or agricultural water, fishery production will be descended, cause the tremendous economic loss; If mud is directly used on the agricultural, heavy metal meeting contaminated soil and crop in the mud; Also contain the factor of the harm humans health such as pathogenic bacterium, parasitic ovum in the mud, deal with improperly, can cause transmission of disease.This has just caused serious secondary pollution to environment.Therefore mud must be processed before the ultimate disposal carrying out, and reaches the purpose of minimizing, stabilization, innoxious, resource utilization.
The Sludge Composting technology is a new biologic treating technique that develops rapidly from the later stage sixties 20th century in the world, it uses multidisciplinary technology to utilize micropopulation to drop in the specific environment heterogeneous organic substance decomposing, improving sludge is become stable soil ulmin, be used for fertilizing the soil or soil improvement.Composting is to utilize the microorganisms such as the extensive bacterium that exists of nature, actinomycetes, fungi, promote that controlledly biodegradable organism is to the microbiological process of stable class soil ulmin biochemical conversion in the solid waste, under certain temperature, humidity and pH value condition, make organism generation biochemical degradation, form a kind of material of similar humus soil.Because composting technology can reach the effect of " innoxious ", " minimizing ", " resource utilization " in actual applications, and have economic, practical, do not need external energy, do not produce the characteristics such as secondary pollution, therefore, behind 20 century 70s, cause the extensive attention of countries in the world, and become rapidly a study hotspot in the field of Environment Protection.Sludge composting is compared with other treatment processs (such as landfill, burning), has the advantages such as construction investment is few, working cost is low, non-secondary pollution.But the conventional compost fermentation of mud is processed and is also existed many weak points, and for example: the fermentation reactor system process often is spontaneous fermentation, and the anaerobically fermenting treatment process easily produces foul odour, causes environmental problem; It is slower that the aerobic fermentation temperature raises, and fermentation period is long, often need be with one month time, and excessive one of them difficult problem that becomes of compost area affects material cycling and transformation efficiency.
Fertilizer will be towards commercial future development.Because traditional organic fertilizer accumulation mode falls behind.Has " three low three is large " phenomenon.Be that nutrient content is low, volume is large; Work rate is low, and labour intensity is large; Innoxious degree is low, and pathogen transmission pollutes large, and the organic fertilizer amount of application is descended.But the applying organic manure material as the improvement soil, an important process content of culture fertility and agricultural sustainable development, therefore, the organic fertilizer commercialization just becomes inexorable trend.The compound organic and inorganic fertilizer of promoting at present, the commercialization for organic fertilizer provides successful experience.Domestic sludge is converted into the fertilizer that can again utilize by biotechnology, the larger effect of performance in agriculture production will brought into play larger effect aspect soil structure improved addictive, the raising quality of agricultural product.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to overcome the conventional compost of existing mud to dispose existing deficiency, provide a kind of new municipal sludge that utilizes to prepare the method for biological organic fertilizer, the method can remove stink and the peculiar smell of mud fully, fermentation period is short, but quick composting Nutrient Transformation and kill harmful microorganism and parasitic ovum, preparation-obtained biological organic fertilizer all standard all meet country to the requirement of biological organic fertilizer.
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of method of utilizing municipal sludge to prepare biological organic fertilizer may further comprise the steps:
1, anaerobically fermenting microbial inoculum and mud are mixed, obtain material 1;
2, with material 1 and bibulous organic raw material powder according to 1: after the volume ratio of 1-4.5 mixes, carry out anaerobically fermenting to the tunning odorless;
3, add the fermentation auxiliary material that accounts for its cumulative volume 10-50% in the product after finishing to anaerobically fermenting, the moisture content of mixture is adjusted to 35-50wt%, obtain material 2;
4, in material 2, inoculate the thermophilic fermentation microbial inoculum, carry out high-temperature aerobic fermentation;
5, the material crushing after high-temperature aerobic fermentation is finished, granulation, oven dry, and get final product.
Anaerobically fermenting microbial inoculum described in the step 1 can be various anaerobically fermenting microbial inoculum or fermented liquids commonly used; Preferably, described anaerobically fermenting bacterium is the mix bacterium agent that agent of lactic acid bacteria and yeast microbial inoculum form; Preferred, described agent of lactic acid bacteria is Lactobacterium acidophilum (Lactobacillus acidophilus); Described yeast microbial inoculum is yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae (Saccharomyces cerevisiae); Above-mentioned these bacterial classifications all can be bought from commercial channels and obtain, and for example can directly buy from Chinese microorganism strain preservation management committee common micro-organisms center (CGMCC) to obtain.
Anaerobically fermenting microbial inoculum of the present invention can prepare with reference to following methods: (1) preparation substratum: 1000 weight parts waters dissolve in following ingredients: brown sugar 1 weight part, glucose 3 weight parts, protein powder 0.1 weight part, ammonium citrate 0.1 weight part, sal epsom 0.054 weight part, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0.2 weight part, sodium-chlor 0.6 weight part, for subsequent use after 116 ℃ of sterilizations; (2) after being mixed according to 1: 0.5 volume ratio, lactobacterium acidophilus's (CGMCC 1.1854) seed liquor and S. cervisiae (CGMCC2.610) seed liquor obtain the anaerobically fermenting seed liquor; The anaerobically fermenting seed liquor is inoculated in the substratum for preparing 37 ℃ and cultivated 48 hours, pH is down to 3.5 o'clock results, obtains the anaerobically fermenting microbial inoculum; Gained anaerobically fermenting microbial inoculum is brown liquid, flavor acid, viable bacteria content 1,500,000,000/mL.
Wherein, described lactobacterium acidophilus (CGMCC 1.1854) seed liquor prepares in accordance with the following methods: (1) preparation substratum: 1000 weight parts waters, dissolve in following composition: glucose 5 weight parts, protein powder 0.2 weight part, ammonium citrate 0.2 weight part, sal epsom 0.054 weight part, extractum carnis 1 weight part, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0.2 weight part, sodium-acetate 0.5 weight part, manganous sulfate 0.025 weight, for subsequent use after 116 ℃ of sterilizations; (2) access lactobacillus solution 5 weight parts were cultivated 48 hours for 37 ℃, and pH is down to and stopped in 3.6 o'clock cultivating.The gained streptococcus acidi lactici fermented solution is brown liquid, flavor acid, viable bacteria content 1,000,000,000/mL;
Described S. cervisiae (CGMCC2.610) seed liquor prepares in accordance with the following methods: (1) preparation substratum: 1000 weight parts waters add following ingredients: potato fragment (0.5 * 0.5cm) 200 weight part, glucose 20 weight parts, 121 ℃ of sterilizations; (2) access yeast seed liquid is 5 parts, 37 ℃ of aerated culture 40 hours, viable bacteria content 500,000,000/mL.
Mud described in the step 1 is preferably the municipal sludge that water content is 70-90wt%, and more preferably water content is the municipal sludge of 75-80wt%;
In order to reach better ferment effect, in the step 1 with anaerobically fermenting microbial inoculum and mud according to 1-5: 1000 volume ratio is mixed;
Bibulous organic raw material powder vegetable material described in the step 2 comprises the crop material crushed material;
Anaerobic fermentation conditions described in the step 2 is preferably: leavening temperature is more than 20 ℃, fermentation time 24-48 hour;
Fermentation Optimization of Adjuvant described in the step 3 is bone meal, bean cake powder or their mixture;
In the step 4 with material 2 and thermophilic fermentation microbial inoculum according to 1 ton: the ratio of 300g-1500g is inoculated; Wherein, described thermophilic fermentation microbial inoculum is preferably genus bacillus, more preferably subtilis (Bacillus subtilis); Subtilis can be bought from commercial channels and obtain, and for example can directly buy from AS to obtain;
This subtilis can obtain with reference to following preparation method: adopt general liquid submerged fermentation method, seed culture medium nutrition bouillon media, fermentative production substratum are that bean powder, starch are the collective media of main raw material.Substratum is invested in industrial production fermentor tank (more than 10 cubes), the fermentation volume is that 65%, 121 ℃ of tank body volume was sterilized 1.5 hours, when being cooled to 37 ± 1 ℃, cultured genus bacillus seed in the seeding tank is inoculated in the fermentor tank, and inoculum size is 5% of fermentation volume.Aerobic fermentation 35 hours, ventilating ratio are 1: 1.2.When thalline becomes the gemma rate to be 90%, stop fermentation, add drainage Ji filter press, filter cake is dry with the fluidized drying mode, gained bacterium sorodium spore content is the 800-1000CFU/ gram, with the bacterium powder with carrier (for example: the food grade talc powder) be made into the product of 5,000,000,000 CFU/ gram for the aerobic fermentation of mud.
The condition of the high-temperature aerobic fermentation described in the step 4 is: the fermentation materials height is 60-100 centimetre; Fermentation materials temperature in 2-3 days rises to more than 60 ℃, keeps more than 60 ℃ hot conditions 3-4 days, and material stopped 7-10 days altogether in the fermenter;
The resulting biological organic fertilizer product moisture of preparation method of the present invention≤20%, organic 〉=40%, nitrogen phosphorus potassium 〉=4%, the equal conformance with standard of all the other indexs (NY525-2002) requirement.After testing, the coliform value in the biological organic fertilizer product is reduced to below the 30MPN/100gDM, roundworm egg 100% deactivation.Total cadmium (in Cd, mg/kg)≤3g; Total mercury (in Hg, mg/kg)≤5; Plumbous (in Pb, mg/kg)≤100; Chromium (in Cr, mg/kg)≤300; Arsenic (in Se, mg/kg)≤30.
The present invention can also fully mix resulting biological organic fertilizer and nutritive element and additive, carries out drying, granulation, obtains serial fertilizer special for organic.
The inventive method is at first carried out the moisture adjusting with mud with bibulous organic raw material powder (vegetable material powder) and is inoculated simultaneously the anaerobically fermenting microbial inoculum and remove stink peculiar smell and fermentation, the raw material of afterwards anaerobically fermenting being processed carries out the nutrient adjusting and moisture is regulated and inoculation thermophilic fermentation bacterial classification, and (more than 60-70 ℃) effectively reduces material moisture under hot conditions.Wherein, anaerobic fermentation process can be removed stink and the peculiar smell of mud, also has in addition the adjusting water function, has avoided the secondary pollution of sewage and smell; In the high-temperature aerobic fermentation stage, the quick heat production of aerobic bacteria makes the compost fermentation treatment time by reducing to 7-10 days more than 1 month, has greatly improved processing efficiency; In addition, the heat that thermophilic fermentation produces is taken away large quantity of moisture, and material moisture is down to lower level, has both saved mass energy, has avoided again the possibility of new pollution.The biological organic fertilizer that the inventive method is produced meets the every set quota of organic fertilizer of national regulation fully, can realize low cost and safely cleaning production.
The fertilizer that the present invention produces is applied in the agriculture production, and every mu of consumption is 500-1500kg.
Embodiment
Further describe the present invention below in conjunction with specific embodiment, advantage and disadvantage of the present invention will be more clear along with description.But these embodiment only are exemplary, scope of the present invention are not consisted of any restriction.It will be understood by those skilled in the art that lower without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention and can make amendment or replace the details of technical solution of the present invention and form, but these modifications and replacing all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
The preparation of embodiment 1 anaerobism microbial inoculum
The anaerobism microbial inoculum that uses in the inventive method is Lactobacillus acidophilus (Lactobacillus acidophilus) (goods number: CGMCC 1.1854), S. cervisiae (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) (goods number: the CGMCC2.610) fermented liquid that makes of mixed culture.The color of this fermented liq is brown, and the total viable count of date manufactured is 1,500,000,000/mL, and has sweet tart flavour road.
1, with lactobacterium acidophilus's preparation anaerobic bacterial fermentation agent of fermenting
The present embodiment is selected Lactobacillus acidophilus (Lactobacillus acidophilus) (CGMCC 1.1854) fermentation, can in 48 hours the pH value be dropped to about 3.6.
The preparation method: 1000 weight parts waters dissolve in following ingredients: brown sugar 1 weight part, glucose 3 weight parts, protein powder 0.1 weight part, ammonium citrate 0.1 weight part, sal epsom 0.054 weight part, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0.2 weight part, sodium-chlor 0.6 weight part, for subsequent use after 116 ℃ of sterilizations.With the access of the culture material after sterilization Lactobacillus acidophilus (Lactobacillus acidophilus) (CGMCC 1.1854) seed liquor 5 weight parts, cultivated 48 hours for 37 ℃, pH is down to 3.6 o'clock results.Gained Lactobacillus acidophilus fermented liquid is brown liquid, flavor acid, viable bacteria content 1,000,000,000/mL.
2, Lactobacillus acidophilus and S. cervisiae are by the agent of volume ratio combined inoculation in 1: 0.5 fermentation preparation anaerobically fermenting.
1000 weight parts waters dissolve in following ingredients: brown sugar 1 weight part, and glucose 3 weight parts, protein powder 0.1 weight part, ammonium citrate 0.1 weight part, sal epsom 0.054 weight part, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0.2 weight part, sodium-chlor 0.6 weight part, for subsequent use after 116 ℃ of sterilizations; (2) with Lactobacillus acidophilus's seed liquor, yeast seed liquid obtains the anaerobically fermenting seed liquor after mixing according to 1: 0.5 volume ratio; The anaerobically fermenting seed liquor is inoculated in the substratum for preparing 37 ℃ and cultivated 28 hours, pH is down to 3.5 o'clock results, obtains the anaerobically fermenting microbial inoculum; Gained anaerobically fermenting microbial inoculum is brown liquid, flavor acid, viable bacteria content 1,500,000,000/mL.
3, Lactobacillus acidophilus's seed liquor preparation: commodity bacterial classification (CGMCC 1.1854) is made MRS medium slant bacterial classification by purchasing the explanation activation.It is for subsequent use that the inclined-plane is stored in refrigerator (4 ℃).1000 weight parts waters dissolve in following composition: glucose 5 weight parts, protein powder 0.2 weight part, ammonium citrate 0.2 weight part, sal epsom 0.054 weight part, extractum carnis 1 weight part, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0.2 weight part, sodium-acetate 0.5 weight part, manganous sulfate 0.025 weight, for subsequent use after 116 ℃ of sterilizations.From having cultivated picking 3-5 transfering loop bacterium colony on the stand-by inclined-plane, aseptic inoculation is in the substratum of sterilization, and 37 ℃ leave standstill cultivation 48 hours.
4, S. cervisiae (CGMCC2.610) seed liquor prepares in accordance with the following methods: (1) preparation substratum: 1000 weight parts waters add following ingredients: potato fragment (0.5 * 0.5cm) 200 weight part, glucose 20 weight parts, 121 ℃ of sterilizations; (2) access yeast seed liquid is 5 parts, 37 ℃ of aerated culture 40 hours, viable bacteria content 500,000,000/mL.
The preparation of embodiment 2 aerobic microbial inoculums
Aerobic microbial inoculum is subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) (goods number: AS 1.936), adopt general liquid submerged fermentation method, seed culture medium nutrition bouillon media, fermentative production substratum are that bean powder, starch are the collective media of main raw material.Substratum is invested in 30 cubes of fermentor tanks, the fermentation volume is 65%, 121 ℃ of autoclaving 1.5 hours of tank body volume, when being cooled to 37 ± 1 ℃, cultured subtilis seed in the seeding tank is inoculated in the fermentor tank, and inoculum size is 5% of fermentation volume.Aerobic fermentation 35 hours, ventilating ratio are 1: 1.2.When thalline becomes the gemma rate to be 90%, stop fermentation, add drainage Ji filter press, filter cake is dry with the fluidized drying mode, gained bacterium sorodium spore content is the 800-1000CFU/ gram, and the bacterium powder is made into the product of 5,000,000,000 CFU/ gram for the aerobic fermentation of mud with specific carrier (food grade talc powder).
Embodiment 3
Water ratio is about 80% mud and is transported into the anaerobically fermenting workshop, every cube of mud evenly sprays the prepared anaerobism microbial inoculum of 1.5 liters of embodiment 1, obtain mixture 1, then mixture 1,1: 2.0 volume ratio of crop material powder are evenly mixed, pile up anaerobically fermenting, temperature condition bottom fermentation 24 hours more than 20 ℃, the basic odorless of mud mixture.
The mud mixture that anaerobically fermenting is finished adds the fermentation auxiliary material (bone meal, bean cake powder etc.) that accounts for mud mixture cumulative volume 20% again, and moisture content is adjusted to 50%, obtains mixture 2; The prepared aerobic type microbial inoculum of mixture per ton 2 inoculations 600 gram embodiment 2, enter the trough type fermentation storehouse by the helical feed hopper after mixing, height of materials is 80-100 centimetre.Compost material temperature in 4 days rises to 60 ℃, with once ventilate continuous high temperature fermentation of automatic tripper turning in per 2 days.Material stopped 10-15 days altogether in fermenter, finished compost, transferred out fermenter.
After testing, the indices of the prepared biological organic fertilizer of the present embodiment is as follows:
Moisture≤18%, organic 〉=55%, nitrogen 15%, phosphorus 7%, potassium 9.2%; The coliform value is reduced to below the 30MPN/100gDM, roundworm egg 100% deactivation.Total cadmium (in Cd, mg/kg)≤3g; Total mercury (in Hg, mg/kg)≤5; Plumbous (in Pb, mg/kg)≤100; Chromium (in Cr, mg/kg)≤300; Arsenic (in Se, mg/kg)≤30.
Embodiment 4
Water ratio is about 85% mud and is transported into the anaerobically fermenting workshop, every cube of mud evenly sprays the prepared anaerobism microbial inoculum of 3 liters of embodiment 1, obtain mixture 1, then mixture 1 and wheat stalk powder are evenly mixed according to the ratio of 1: 3 (v/v), pile up anaerobically fermenting, temperature condition bottom fermentation 30 hours more than 20 ℃, the basic odorless of mud mixture.
The mud mixture that anaerobically fermenting is finished adds the 20% fermentation auxiliary material (bone meal, bean cake powder etc.) that accounts for the mud mixture cumulative volume again, and moisture content is adjusted to 45%, obtains mixture 2; The prepared aerobic type microbial inoculum of mixture per ton 2 inoculations 300 gram embodiment 2, enter the trough type fermentation storehouse by the helical feed hopper after mixing, height of materials is 80-100 centimetre.Compost material temperature in 4 days rises to 65 ℃, with once ventilate continuous high temperature fermentation of automatic tripper turning in per 2 days.Material stopped 10-15 days altogether in fermenter, finished compost, transferred out fermenter.
After testing, the indices of the prepared biological organic fertilizer of the present embodiment is as follows:
Moisture≤20%, organic 〉=52%, nitrogen 11.7%, phosphorus 8%, potassium 8.0%; The coliform value is reduced to below the 30MPN/100gDM, roundworm egg 100% deactivation.
Total cadmium (in Cd, mg/kg)≤3g; Total mercury (in Hg, mg/kg)≤5; Plumbous (in Pb, mg/kg)≤100; Chromium (in Cr, mg/kg)≤300; Arsenic (in Se, mg/kg)≤30.
Embodiment 5
Be that 75% mud is transported into the anaerobically fermenting workshop with water ratio, every cube of mud evenly sprays the prepared anaerobism microbial inoculum of 1.0 liters of embodiment 1, obtain mixture 1, then with mixture 1, the mixture that powdered rice hulls and wheat stalk powder form and calcium magnesium phosphorus powder evenly mix according to the ratio of 1: 1.5 (v/v), pile up anaerobically fermenting, temperature condition bottom fermentation 24 hours more than 20 ℃, the basic odorless of mud mixture.
The mud mixture that anaerobically fermenting is finished adds the 20% fermentation auxiliary material (bone meal, bean cake powder etc.) that accounts for the mud mixture cumulative volume again, and moisture content is adjusted to 40%, obtains mixture 2; The prepared aerobic type microbial inoculum of the embodiment 2 of mixture per ton 2 inoculations 500 grams, enter the trough type fermentation storehouse by the helical feed hopper after mixing, height of materials is 80-100 centimetre.Compost material temperature in 3 days rises to 70 ℃, with once ventilate continuous high temperature fermentation of automatic tripper turning in per 2 days.Material stopped 7-10 days altogether in fermenter, finished compost, transferred out fermenter.
After testing, the indices of the prepared biological organic fertilizer of the present embodiment is as follows:
Moisture≤17%, organic 〉=53%, nitrogen 18.7%, phosphorus 9.1%, potassium 9.9%; The coliform value is reduced to below the 30MPN/100gDM, roundworm egg 100% deactivation.
Total cadmium (in Cd, mg/kg)≤3g; Total mercury (in Hg, mg/kg)≤5; Plumbous (in Pb, mg/kg)≤100; Chromium (in Cr, mg/kg)≤300; Arsenic (in Se, mg/kg)≤30.
Embodiment 6
Be that 80% mud is transported into the anaerobically fermenting workshop with water ratio, every cube of mud evenly sprays the prepared anaerobism microbial inoculum of 5 liters of embodiment 1, obtain mixture 1, then mixture 1, corn stalk powder are evenly mixed in the ratio of 1: 2.8 (v/v), pile up anaerobically fermenting, temperature condition bottom fermentation 22 hours more than 20 ℃, the basic odorless of mud mixture.
The mud mixture that anaerobically fermenting is finished adds the 20% fermentation auxiliary material (bone meal, bean cake powder etc.) that accounts for the mud mixture cumulative volume again, and moisture content is adjusted to 40%, obtains mixture 2; The aerobic type microbial inoculum that the embodiment 2 of mixture per ton 2 inoculations 500 grams is prepared enters the trough type fermentation storehouse by the helical feed hopper after mixing, and height of materials is 80-100 centimetre.Compost material temperature in 3 days rises to 70 ℃, with once ventilate continuous high temperature fermentation of automatic tripper turning in per 2 days.Material stopped 7-10 days altogether in fermenter, finished compost, transferred out fermenter.
After testing, the indices of the prepared biological organic fertilizer of the present embodiment is as follows:
Moisture≤16%, organic 〉=56%, nitrogen 16.5%, phosphorus 9.0%, potassium 8.5%; The coliform value is reduced to below the 30MPN/100gDM, roundworm egg 100% deactivation.
Total cadmium (in Cd, mg/kg)≤3g; Total mercury (in Hg, mg/kg)≤5; Plumbous (in Pb, mg/kg)≤100; Chromium (in Cr, mg/kg)≤300; Arsenic (in Se, mg/kg)≤30.
Test example 1
The biological organic fertilizer that test sample: embodiment 1 is prepared;
Test method and result: carried out plastic tent cucumber and eggplant in municipalization village, Shouguang, Shandong and test in 2007, the result shows: every mu with 1000 kilograms of test samples, 1200 kilograms of 30 kilograms of additional potassium sulphates and 15-15-15 composite fertilizers, 18800 kilograms of per mu yields, than control group volume increase 15%, every mu increases income 3600 yuan, and economic benefit increases by 20%.
Test example 2
The biological organic fertilizer that test sample: embodiment 2 is prepared;
Test method and result: every mu is added 800 kilograms of test samples, and test-results shows on the garlic of Jinxiang, Shandong: garlic production promoting 16%, and garlic stems volume increase 13%, every mu increases income 240 yuan, and total benefit increases income 14%.
Test example 3
The biological organic fertilizer that test sample: embodiment 3 is prepared;
Test method and result: in Changqing district of Jinan city stock breeding base and Yongfeng, Jinan City kind industry company limited, every mu is added 300 kilograms of test samples on corn, wheat, and effect of increasing production is obvious, increases production respectively 6.5% and 5.5%.
Claims (11)
1. method of utilizing municipal sludge to prepare biological organic fertilizer may further comprise the steps:
(1) anaerobically fermenting microbial inoculum and mud are mixed, obtain material 1;
(2) material 1 and organic raw material powder are mixed according to the volume ratio of 1:1-4.5 after, carry out anaerobically fermenting to the tunning odorless;
(3) add the fermentation auxiliary material that accounts for its cumulative volume 10-50% in the product after finishing to anaerobically fermenting, the moisture content of mixture is adjusted to 35-50wt%, obtain material 2;
(4) in material 2, inoculate the thermophilic fermentation microbial inoculum, carry out high-temperature aerobic fermentation;
(5) material crushing after high-temperature aerobic fermentation is finished, granulation, oven dry, and get final product.
2. it is characterized in that in accordance with the method for claim 1: the mix bacterium agent that the anaerobically fermenting microbial inoculum described in the step (1) is comprised of agent of lactic acid bacteria and yeast microbial inoculum.
3. in accordance with the method for claim 2, it is characterized in that: described anaerobically fermenting microbial inoculum prepares in accordance with the following methods: (1) preparation substratum: 1000 weight parts waters dissolve in following ingredients: brown sugar 1 weight part, glucose 3 weight parts, protein powder 0.1 weight part, ammonium citrate 0.1 weight part, sal epsom 0.054 weight part, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0.2 weight part, sodium-chlor 0.6 weight part, for subsequent use after the sterilization; (2) with Lactobacterium acidophilum (Lactobacillus acidophilus) seed liquor, yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) seed liquor obtains the anaerobically fermenting seed liquor after mixing according to the 1:0.5 volume ratio; The anaerobically fermenting seed liquor is inoculated in the substratum that step (1) prepares 37 ℃ cultivated 28 hours, pH is down to 3.5 o'clock results, obtains the anaerobically fermenting microbial inoculum.
4. it is characterized in that in accordance with the method for claim 1: the mud described in the step (1) is that water content is the municipal sludge of 70-90wt%.
5. it is characterized in that in accordance with the method for claim 4: the mud described in the step (1) is that water content is the municipal sludge of 75-80wt%.
6. it is characterized in that in accordance with the method for claim 1: in the step (1) anaerobically fermenting microbial inoculum and mud are mixed according to the volume ratio of 1-5:1000.
7. it is characterized in that in accordance with the method for claim 1: the organic raw material powder described in the step (2) is selected from the vegetable material crushed material.
8. in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that: the anaerobic fermentation conditions described in the step (2) is: leavening temperature is more than 20 ℃, fermentation time 24-48 hour.
9. it is characterized in that in accordance with the method for claim 1: the fermentation auxiliary material described in the step (3) is selected from bone meal, bean cake powder or their mixture.
10. it is characterized in that in accordance with the method for claim 1: in the step (4) with material 2 and thermophilic fermentation microbial inoculum according to 1 ton: the ratio of 300g-1500g is inoculated; Wherein, described thermophilic fermentation microbial inoculum is subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) microbial inoculum.
11. it is characterized in that in accordance with the method for claim 1: the condition of the high-temperature aerobic fermentation described in the step (4) is: the fermentation materials height is 60-100 centimetre; Fermentation materials temperature in 2-3 days rises to more than 60 ℃, keeps more than 60 ℃ hot conditions 3-4 days, and material stopped 7-10 days altogether in fermenter.
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