CN109197524A - A kind of gardens cultivated soil and the preparation method and application thereof of high alkalinity river and lake silt preparation - Google Patents
A kind of gardens cultivated soil and the preparation method and application thereof of high alkalinity river and lake silt preparation Download PDFInfo
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- CN109197524A CN109197524A CN201811122362.2A CN201811122362A CN109197524A CN 109197524 A CN109197524 A CN 109197524A CN 201811122362 A CN201811122362 A CN 201811122362A CN 109197524 A CN109197524 A CN 109197524A
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- preparation
- high alkalinity
- mud
- river
- cultivated soil
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/25—Dry fruit hulls or husks, e.g. chaff or coir
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F5/00—Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant or similar wastes or residues, e.g. from waste originating from industrial processing of raw material of agricultural origin or derived products thereof
- C05F5/002—Solid waste from mechanical processing of material, e.g. seed coats, olive pits, almond shells, fruit residue, rice hulls
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of gardens cultivated soils and the preparation method and application thereof of high alkalinity river and lake silt preparation, method includes the following steps: mud cake air-dries, crushing pretreatment, mud cake high alkalinity is reduced using hydrochloric acid, EM bacterium solution is prepared, sludge substrate and little rice bran, peat, EM bacterium solution mixture carry out aerobic fermentation.This method is easy to operate, it is at low cost, be convenient for industrialized production, and not only handled overbasic river and lake silt, but also produced available cultivated soil, there is biggish economy and environmental benefit.Prepared gardens cultivated soil fertilizer efficiency is high, content of beary metal is low, and indices reach National Technical index, can be used for cultivating a variety of green plants, and survival rate, the speed of growth and the hat width of plant are all greatly improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the gardens cultivations that reuse of dredging is prepared using field more particularly to a kind of high alkalinity river and lake silt
Soil and the preparation method and application thereof.
Background technique
In order to improve the water quality in the waters such as river, lake, coastal waters and guarantee the normal flood passage in river, Navigation capacity, I
State has carried out large-scale dredging and dredging engineering to waters such as many rivers, lake, reservoir and bays.It is generated in dredging work
Bed mud generally use dehydration after stack or landfill stabilization, one side land occupation resource and city landfill yard capacity is limited, separately
On the one hand it is likely to result in secondary environmental pollution, landfill yard needs long term monitoring to safeguard.
River and lake dredging mud is a kind of alumino-silicate substance containing N, P element, is had compared with high reaction activity and larger
Specific surface area, property is suitable with soil mineral ingredient, is a kind of resource with potential utility value.River and lake silt is commonly located
The mode of setting has land use, construction material and engineering embankment, especially mud land use, and this method small investment, low energy consumption, no
It is only capable of Nutrient Transformation in mud being also used as gardens cultivated soil at soil conditioner ingredient, therefore is considered as most having hair
Open up the disposal options of potentiality.Increase fertilizer river and lake silt as matrix, formed afforestation planting soil, promote trees, flowers,
The growth on lawn improves its ornamental quality, recycling added value with higher, while not entering food chain, the wind of pollution
Danger is relatively low.But due to joined lime or gypsum modifying agent in mud mechanical dewatering process, lead to the pH of mud cake after dehydration
Value is very high, is restrictive factor for afforestation planting soil, needs to carry out pH value adjusting processing.In addition, application river and lake is become silted up
Whether mud threatens to environment, and key is that mud property need to be carried out analysis and processing appropriate, controls the dirt in mud
Object content is contaminated, and is scientifically and rationally applied, certain entry criteria and technical requirements are reached.Existing process for treating sludge
In, rarely using alkaline river and lake dredging mud as afforestation planting soil,
Summary of the invention
Based on the above the deficiencies in the prior art, technical problem solved by the invention is to provide a kind of high alkalinity river and lake silt
Clay standby gardens cultivated soil and the preparation method and application thereof, the high alkalinity river and lake silt preparation gardens cultivated soil it is effective
Phosphorus, quick-acting potassium content are high, reach soil fertility grade primary standard, content of beary metal is low, and the green plant speed of growth cultivated adds
Fastly, hat width increases, and plant health is sturdy, and the preparation method of the gardens cultivated soil is simple, easy to operate, to equipment requirement
It is low, facilitate large-scale industrial production.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a kind of gardens cultivated soil of high alkalinity river and lake silt preparation, packets
Include following steps:
S1, mud cake pretreatment: high alkalinity mud mud cake is air-dried indoors, crushes, sieves to obtain high alkalinity by 2~5mm
Mud powder, it is spare after mixing;
S2, it reduces high alkalinity: adding the dilute hydrochloric acid solution of 0.1mol/L in the high alkalinity mud powder, make sludge granules
1~2d is sufficiently reacted with hydrochloric acid, the pH of mud powder is reduced to neutrality;
The preparation of S3, EM bacterium solution: boiling sterilization after brown sugar is dissolved is packed into fermentation flask and strain is added, and seals, constant temperature hair
Ferment;
S4, sludge substrate aerobic fermentation: by the S2, treated that mud powder does 3 groups of processing, wherein the addition of each raw material
Quality using the quality of mud powder as radix, specifically:
(1)+3%~5% little rice bran+0.5%EM bacterium solution of mud powder;
(2)+3%~5% little rice bran of mud powder;
(3)+5% peat+0.5%EM bacterium solution of+3%~5% little rice bran of mud powder.
As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the gardens cultivated soil of high alkalinity river and lake silt provided by the invention preparation is into one
Step includes some or all of following technical characteristic:
As an improvement of the above technical solution, in the S2, the ratio that adds of high alkalinity mud powder and dilute hydrochloric acid solution is
The pH of 1kg:100~200mL, the mud powder are reduced to 7.64~6.47.
As an improvement of the above technical solution, the S3 method particularly includes: 200g brown sugar is added in 1.5L water plus
The boiled sterilizing of heat is reloaded into fermentation flask after to be cooled to 40 DEG C or less, and 1g strain is added, and is sealed and is put into 35 DEG C of thermostatted waters
The pH of bath 3~7d of fermentation, EM bacterium solution fermentation saturation are 3~5.
As an improvement of the above technical solution, in the S3, fermentation process can generate a large amount of gas, should periodically deflate.
As an improvement of the above technical solution, in the S4, specific fermentation process are as follows:
Mud and 3%~5% little rice bran and/or 5% peat are sufficiently mixed, spray 0.5%EM bacterium solution, adjustment on demand
Moisture content is 40%~50%, aerobic fermentation 8-10d, and every turning in 2 days is primary.
Gardens cultivated soil is prepared by the above method, application of the gardens cultivated soil in plant culture can be used
In green plants such as cultivation Chinese rose, photinia glabra, ligustrums.
Compared with prior art, technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:.
1, green plant cultivation nutrient soil is prepared by material of high alkalinity river and lake dredging mud, on the one hand uses environmentally protective side
Method has handled river and lake dredging mud, and mud is carried out resource reutilization by another facilitate, and the auxiliary materials such as itself and little rice bran, peat are carried out
The high green plant cultivation nutrient soil of fertilizer efficiency is prepared in fermentation;
2, available phosphorus, quick-acting potassium content are high in gardens cultivated soil of the present invention, reach soil fertility grade primary standard,
And meet " planting technique soil " (CJ/T 340-2016) technical requirements;Content of beary metal is low, meets " soil environment quality agriculture
Land used soil pollution risk management and control standard " (GB 15618-2018);
3, the preparation method of the gardens cultivated soil is simple, easy to operate, low for equipment requirements, low in cost, convenient big
Technical scale metaplasia produces, and has preferable environmental benefit and economic benefit.
The above description is only an overview of the technical scheme of the present invention, in order to better understand the technical means of the present invention,
And it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification, and in order to allow above and other objects, features and advantages of the invention can
It is clearer and more comprehensible, below in conjunction with preferred embodiment, detailed description are as follows.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, the attached drawing to embodiment is simply situated between below
It continues.
Fig. 1 is that hydrochloric acid adds the influence for comparing high alkalinity mud mud cake pH in the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the preparation method flow chart of the gardens cultivated soil of the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the temperature changing curve diagram of the mixing of different ratio of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the water-cut variation curve graph of the mixing of different ratio of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The following detailed description of a specific embodiment of the invention, as part of this specification, by embodiment come
Illustrate that the principle of the present invention, other aspects of the present invention, feature and its advantage will become apparent by the detailed description.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Fig. 2, the preparation method of gardens cultivated soil of the present invention includes the following steps:
S1, mud cake pretreatment: high alkalinity mud mud cake is air-dried indoors, crushes, sieves to obtain high alkalinity by 2~5mm
Mud powder, it is spare after mixing.
S2, it reduces high alkalinity: adding the dilute hydrochloric acid solution of 0.1mol/L in the high alkalinity mud powder, wherein high alkalinity
The ratio that adds of mud powder and dilute hydrochloric acid solution is 1kg:100~200mL, so that sludge granules is sufficiently reacted 1~2d with hydrochloric acid, becomes silted up
The pH of mud powder is reduced to 7.64~6.47.
The influence that hydrochloric acid adds comparison high alkalinity mud mud cake pH is as shown in Figure 1.
The preparation of S3, EM bacterium solution: 200g brown sugar is added in 1.5L water and heats boiled sterilizing, after to be cooled to 40 DEG C or less
It is reloaded into fermentation flask, and 1g strain is added, be sealed and be put into 35 DEG C of thermostat water baths fermentation 3-7d and can be successful, ferment
Process can generate very strong atmospheric pressure, should periodically deflate, and the pH of EM bacterium solution fermentation saturation is between 3~5.
S4, sludge substrate aerobic fermentation: by the S2, treated that mud powder does 3 groups of processing, wherein the addition of each raw material
Quality using the quality of mud powder as radix, specifically:
(1)+3%~5% little rice bran+0.5%EM bacterium solution of mud powder;
(2)+3%~5% little rice bran of mud powder;
(3)+5% peat+0.5%EM bacterium solution of+3%~5% little rice bran of mud powder;
Mud powder and 3%~5% little rice bran and/or 5% peat are sufficiently mixed, spray 0.5%EM bacterium solution on demand,
Middle mud powder and little rice bran, peat, EM bacterium solution mass ratio are as follows: 1:3%~5%:5%:0.5%;Then adjustment moisture content is
40%~50%, aerobic fermentation 8-10d, every turning in 2 days is primary, measures temperature, moisture content, pH, organic matter, C/ in composting process
N variation, decomposed rear matrix is in dark brown, and without obvious stink, material is more loose.
The fermentation temperature and the relational graph of time of 3 groups of mixing heap bodies are as shown in Figure 3.It can be seen from the figure that third group is mixed
The heating of material heap body is obvious, and by 3 day time, heap temperature reached 50 DEG C or more, and by 4 day time, heap temperature reached
55 DEG C or more, and maintain 3 days, the purpose for killing bacterium and parasitic ovum can be played, innoxious requirement is reached.
The moisture content and the relational graph of time of 3 groups of mixing heap bodies are as shown in Figure 4.It can be seen from the figure that adjustment mixing contains
Water rate is 45%, and with the increase of compost time, the moisture content of heap body gradually starts to reduce, and the moisture content of mixing 3 exists after 8 days
35% hereinafter, reach minimizing requirement.
By comparison, it was found that the ferment effect of third group mixing is good compared with first group and second group, and the used time is short.
Embodiment 2
According to the proportion of each raw material of third group in embodiment 1, and the organic matters such as peat, little rice bran are mixed according to the above method
Material sprays EM bacterium solution, adjusts sludge substrate nutrient content, carries out microbial fermentation, finally surveys to prepared cultivated soil
Examination, the results are shown in Table 1: sludge substrate sticky content increases to 15.56% from 13.98%, and quality is loam, bulk density from
1.06g/cm3It is reduced to 0.92g/cm3, it is suitable for afforestation plantation;The content of organic matter increases to 41.2~46.8g/ from 16.3g/kg
kg;Total nitrogen content increases to 1.85~2.06mg/kg from 0.91g/kg, and alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen content increases to 148 from 58.53mg/kg~
161mg/kg;When the C/N of aerobic fermentation finished product is excessively high, by appearance " nitrogen hunger " state, the nitrogen in soil can be captured, and influenced
Plant growth, in composting process, C/N has reached 20.05~22.72, is lower than 25, it is believed that material is substantially decomposed;Available phosphorus
Content increases to 45-52mg/kg from 12.54mg/kg;Quick-acting potassium content increases to 552~651mg/kg from 217.05mg/kg;
Cation exchange capacity (CEC) is reduced to 18~19cmol (+)/kg from 22.73cmol (+)/kg, slightly reduces, but nutrient preserving capability is still preferable.
The above index reaches soil fertility grade primary standard, and meets " planting technique soil " (CJ/T 340-2016) technology and want
It asks, content of beary metal meets " soil environment quality farming land soil pollution risk management and control standard " (GB 15618-2018).
1 seedling medium nutrient of table
By detecting to sludge substrate physicochemical property, the modifying agent for optimizing cultivated soil matches and matrix fertilizing technological parameter,
Test sets former mud control, mud gardens cultivated soil two processing, with green plant kind Chinese rose, photinia glabra and the Jin Sennv of screening
Chastity is that object carries out pot experiment, vegetation growth state is evaluated and tested, as a result as shown in table 2 and table 3.As can be seen from the table, mud
Gardens cultivated soil can significantly promote green plant growth, and former mud has been effectively relieved to the green adverse effect for planting growth.Pass through the cultivation
The plant growth process that earth culture is educated is fast and seedling percent is high, and transplanting underground root system early period vigor significantly improves, and seedling is healthy and strong, returns
It is green fast, complete alternative commercially available Nutrition Soil.
The green averagely plant height of planting of table 2 changes with planting time
The green plant hat width of table 3 changes with planting time
Further, much using the patented technology of mud or sludge as planting matrix progress land use, mud
Or other nutriments required for nitrogen rich in, phosphorus, organic matter and plant production in sludge, but in addition to nutriment,
Also containing harmful substances such as some organic matters difficult to degrade, pathogen, parasitic ovum and heavy metals in sludge.Due to continuous administration
Sludge can dramatically increase the content of beary metal in soil-plant system, so heavy metal is the main of limitation sludge landfill characteristics
One of factor.The pollutant loads such as heavy metal are few in gardens cultivated soil of the present invention, not will cause the secondary dirt of environment
Dye, and rarely have the document or patent report for utilizing high alkalinity river and lake silt progress gardening resources in the prior art, so this
Invention has greatly economic, society and environmental benefit.
The bound of each raw material cited by the present invention and each raw material of the present invention, section value and technological parameter
Bound, the section value of (such as temperature, time) can realize the present invention, embodiment numerous to list herein.
The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, cannot limit the right model of the present invention with this certainly
It encloses, it is noted that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, may be used also
To make several improvement and variation, these, which improve and change, is also considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of preparation method of the gardens cultivated soil of high alkalinity river and lake silt preparation, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:
S1, mud cake pretreatment: high alkalinity mud mud cake is air-dried indoors, crushes, sieves to obtain high alkalinity mud by 2~5mm
Powder, it is spare after mixing;
S2, it reduces high alkalinity: adding the dilute hydrochloric acid solution of 0.1mol/L in the high alkalinity mud powder, make sludge granules and salt
Sour sufficiently reaction 1~2d, the pH of mud powder are reduced to neutrality;
The preparation of S3, EM bacterium solution: boiling sterilization after brown sugar is dissolved is packed into fermentation flask and strain is added, and seals, ferment at constant temperature;
S4, sludge substrate aerobic fermentation: by the S2, treated that mud powder does 3 groups of processing, wherein the addition quality of each raw material
Using the quality of mud powder as radix, specifically:
(1)+3%~5% little rice bran+0.5%EM bacterium solution of mud powder;
(2)+3%~5% little rice bran of mud powder;
(3)+5% peat+0.5%EM bacterium solution of+3%~5% little rice bran of mud powder.
2. the preparation method of the gardens cultivated soil of high alkalinity river and lake silt preparation as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute
It states in S2, the ratio that adds of high alkalinity mud powder and dilute hydrochloric acid solution is 1kg:100~200mL, and the pH of the mud powder is reduced to
7.64~6.47.
3. the preparation method of the gardens cultivated soil of high alkalinity river and lake silt preparation as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute
State S3's method particularly includes: by brown sugar is soluble in water and boiling sterilization, it is reloaded into fermentation flask after to be cooled to 40 DEG C or less, and
Strain is added, is sealed and is put into 35 DEG C of 3~7d of thermostat water baths fermentation.
4. the preparation method of the gardens cultivated soil of high alkalinity river and lake silt preparation as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that: red
The mass ratio of sugar and strain is 200:1, and the pH of EM bacterium solution fermentation saturation is 3~5.
5. the preparation method of the gardens cultivated soil of high alkalinity river and lake silt preparation as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute
It states in S3, fermentation process can generate a large amount of gas, should periodically deflate.
6. the preparation method of the gardens cultivated soil of high alkalinity river and lake silt preparation as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute
It states in S4, specific fermentation process are as follows:
Mud and 3%~5% little rice bran and/or 5% peat are sufficiently mixed, spray 0.5%EM bacterium solution on demand, is adjusted aqueous
Rate is 40%~50%, aerobic fermentation 8-10d, and every turning in 2 days is primary.
7. such as the gardens cultivated soil of method of any of claims 1-6 preparation.
8. application of the gardens cultivated soil as claimed in claim 7 in plant culture.
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN113582481A (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2021-11-02 | 厦门海石生态环境股份有限公司 | Method for resource utilization of lake and reservoir sediment |
WO2024130831A1 (en) * | 2022-12-23 | 2024-06-27 | 水木金谷环境科技有限公司 | Method for preparing landscaping soil from river silt |
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CN107494052A (en) * | 2017-10-11 | 2017-12-22 | 福建润土工程科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of afforestation cultivation matrix |
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Application publication date: 20190115 |