CN1449535A - 对事件结果的实时交互下注 - Google Patents

对事件结果的实时交互下注 Download PDF

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CN1449535A
CN1449535A CN01810616A CN01810616A CN1449535A CN 1449535 A CN1449535 A CN 1449535A CN 01810616 A CN01810616 A CN 01810616A CN 01810616 A CN01810616 A CN 01810616A CN 1449535 A CN1449535 A CN 1449535A
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菲利普·M·金斯博格
安德鲁·C·吉尔伯特
霍尔德·W·路特尼克
路易斯·芬德雷
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CFPH LLC
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • G07F17/00—Coin-freed apparatus for hiring articles; Coin-freed facilities or services
    • G07F17/32—Coin-freed apparatus for hiring articles; Coin-freed facilities or services for games, toys, sports, or amusements
    • G07F17/3225—Data transfer within a gaming system, e.g. data sent between gaming machines and users
    • G07F17/3227—Configuring a gaming machine, e.g. downloading personal settings, selecting working parameters
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    • G07F17/3225—Data transfer within a gaming system, e.g. data sent between gaming machines and users
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
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    • G07F17/00—Coin-freed apparatus for hiring articles; Coin-freed facilities or services
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Abstract

本发明提供了对事件结果进行实时交互下注的系统和方法。首先对客户进行资格认证，并在允许其对事件结果进行交互下注之前限定其下注限额。例如，事件结果可基于金融市场和指数、比赛和娱乐项目、娱乐场的成绩、以及诸如天气和地震等的自然现象。这种可下注事件可以包括具有已知和未知结果概率的事件，而且下注可以是固定赔率型或差价赌注型。实时完成包括接受和确认的下注交易。客户可定制他们有权下注的事件的显示。本发明还可提供实时客户信用管理、自动庄家两面下注、自动价差调整、以及自动客户和庄家限定的下注限额。

Description

对事件结果的实时交互下注
技术领域
本发明涉及对事件结果的实时交互下注(wagering)。
背景技术
事件结果例如可基于金融市场和指数、比赛和娱乐项目、政治事件、机会对策以及诸如天气和地震等的自然现象。下注可以是固定赔率型或差价赌注型(都将在下面进一步描述)。下注可以是对例如给定某月份的消费物价指数的变动；国家的国内生产总值(GDP)；在给定时间周期内在二十一点游戏中娱乐场的支付或赢得的奖金；将赢得棒球世界联赛的球队；将赢得奥斯卡奖的演员；以及个别股票、黄金、商品或任何实时指数的价格变动。可下注的事件也可以包括那些具有已知或未知结果概率的事件，然而，本发明并不涉及金融凭证的交易。
目前的下注系统通常很慢而且效率低下，由此不能为客户提供实时下注。许多已知的系统是通过电话人工指导下注的。即使是已知的在线下注系统也不能提供实时下注。在最初下注和接收该下注的确认之间通常遭遇处理延迟。例如，在客户下注后，在接受和确认该下注之前通常要检查客户的可用信用。在这些处理延迟期间，所想要的下注价格可能而且经常改变。因此，客户有时可能得不到最初提出的价格。此外，提出的下注价格通常并不是当前价格，经常要比实际的价格滞后多达5-10分钟。已知的下注系统的另一缺陷在于它们下注的事件选择有限。已知的系统和方法通常不能根据定制或客户请求的事件很容易地设立下注，例如，下一个圣诞节纽约中央公园是否降雪。
鉴于前述内容，希望提供对事件结果的实时交互下注。
还希望提供具有实时交易认证的对事件结果的实时交互下注。
另外希望提供具有实时管理客户下注信用的对事件结果的实时交互下注。
还希望提供具有自动下注追踪索引的对事件结果的实时交互下注。
也希望提供具有自动庄家两面下注的对事件结果的实时交互下注。
还希望提供具有自动价差调整的对事件结果的实时交互下注。
还希望提供具有自动远期价格设定的对事件结果的实时交互下注。
还希望提供具有可选择国内外货币的对事件结果的实时交互下注。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供对事件结果的实时交互下注。
本发明的还一个目的是提供具有实时交易认证的对事件结果的实时交互下注。
本发明的另外一个目的是提供具有实时管理客户下注信用的对事件结果的实时交互下注。
本发明的还一个目的是提供具有自动下注追踪索引的对事件结果的实时交互下注。
本发明的还一个目的是提供具有自动庄家两面下注的对事件结果的实时交互下注。
本发明的还一个目的是提供具有自动价差调整的对事件结果的实时交互下注。
本发明的还一个目的是提供具有自动远期价格设定的对事件结果的实时交互下注。
本发明的还一个目的是提供具有可选择国内外货币的对事件结果的实时交互下注。
根据本发明，提供通过网络相互通信的数据处理计算机和多个客户工作站。工作站可以是例如个人计算机、膝上型计算机、大型计算机、哑终端、个人数字助理(PDA)、蜂窝电话或其它具有联网能力的便携式终端。网络可以是例如因特网、以太网、令牌环网、令牌总线网、或连接工作站与数据处理计算机的任何其它适当的通信媒介或配置。本发明优选借助因特网Web站点与在线客户交互操作。
本发明优选提供自动实时客户信用管理、实时在线确证下注价格、实时交互交易认证、自动价差调整、自动远期价格设定、自动下注追踪索引、自动庄家两面下注(hedge)、自动客户和庄家限定的下注限额、以及多价格下注。本发明的其它功能包括选择买入和卖出的货币，以及为客户请求的事件提供下注估价和设立。本发明可在庄家环境下配置，其中客户与充当庄家的“机构(house)”下注，或配置用于代理环境下，其中客户与其他客户或与其他机构的联合下注，一个或多个机构充当代理或另一庄家。
附图说明
通过结合附图参考下面的详细描述将了解本发明的上述和其它目的及优点，其中相同的附图标记表示同一部件，其中：
图1是根据本发明用于实时交互下注的系统的框图；
图2是根据本发明的客户资格认证过程的流程图；
图3是根据本发明的客户信用管理过程的流程图；
图4-8是示意根据本发明的交互下注的屏幕显示序列；以及
图9是根据本发明的自动两面下注过程的流程图。
本发明针对用于对事件结果实时交互下注的系统和方法。本发明的系统和方法可以利用数据处理计算机和借助网络与所述计算机相互通信的多个客户工作站实现。
图1是根据本发明的实时交互下注系统100。该系统包括机构下注处理器102和多个客户工作站104-107，所有这些设备均通过网络108连接。下注处理器102可以是例如具有适当处理速度和存储容量的数据处理计算机。客户工作站104-107可以与处理器102直接或远程连接，而且可以是例如个人计算机、哑终端、个人数字助理(PDA)、膝上型计算机、大型计算机、具有因特网联网能力的蜂窝电话、或能借助网络108与处理器102通信的其它设备。网络108可以是例如因特网、以太网、令牌环网、令牌总线网，或连接工作站与处理器102以提供实时交互的任何其它适当的通信媒介或配置。在优选实施例中，客户优选通过因特网Web站点与该系统交互作用。
下注系统100还包括电馈线110和112，它们均与处理器102耦合并分别优选独立的市场数据源114和116。下面将进一步指出，市场数据源114和116均提供有关已知市场的价格和其它信息、指数以及类似信息(例如，S&P500，股票行情等)。电馈线110和112可以是任何通信媒介，它们基本上即时发送可用市场数据及其变化。
首先，通过以任何已知或适当方式建立信用，设立一个与“机构”交易的帐户。例如，通过提交财务决算、或信用报告，通过授权该机构借记信用卡，或通过向该机构存入现金或债券建立信用。该机构很可能根据金融业的常规标准、机构的专用标准或根据二者的组合进一步认证客户。资格认证标准另外基于庄家环境、代理环境，或同时这两种环境下的下注。
图2是根据本发明的客户资格认证过程的实施例。资格认证过程200开始于如上述的客户已开户和已经建立信用额度后的资格认证状态202。在204，客户通过在客户工作站104-107的其中一个输入标识符(ID)和密码登录进入下注系统。在206，机构下注处理器102对机构认为是适当的客户的信用额度和其它财务信息进行预定的机构资格认证测试。这种测试确定客户当前是否有资格对可当前可用的事件结果或其特定子集下注。在208，机构下注系统优选对一个或多个代理环境中的下注执行第三方资格认证测试。在进行机构和第三方资格认证测试之后，在210，分配下注参数给客户。这些下注参数可包括，例如，可用事件结果的类型、可用的第三方、以及相关的最小下注限额。在212，下注系统基于分配的下注参数和客户的当前财务状况确定客户是否有资格参与下注。如果有资格，客户可以进入对所选择的事件结果下注。如果客户不具备资格，系统在214执行风险通知功能。客户接着被告知不具备下注资格。另外或作为选择，优选通知功能可提示机构需要对该客户的资格证书作进一步详细审查。该系统接着返回到机构资格认证测试206，在此，如果客户纠正了任何不足或机构进行了修改，则重新执行资格认证测试。
一旦信用建立而且客户被授权下注，系统就自动实时管理该信用，并提供给客户——在任何下注之前——客户当前只被授权下注一个金额。例如，如果客户被授权下注$1,000，并下注$1,000道琼斯工业指数(DJIA)将在某一天上涨到某一值，而且接着在另一事件从到期的下注中获益$1,500，系统自动实时更新客户的信用以授权客户下注另外的$500。系统将不允许客户下注超过其被授权的金额。
此外，系统优选只为客户提供最小下注额在客户的授权信用内的那些事件。当客户下注时，系统不仅自动实时更新客户的信用，而且更新该客户有充足授权信用下注的事件列表显示。由此，随着客户的信用增加，可以显示更多的下注事件。相反，随着客户的信用降低，可显示的下注事件越少。作为选择，系统还可显示其它下注，而与客户的授权信用是否满足它们的最低下注金额无关。这些其它下注可包括如最流行的一种、下注参考集(例如，对月末的DJIA和FTSE IBM股票价格下注)、推荐的下注、鉴于客户过去的下注行为可能对客户有利的下注、或根据客户的定制显示的下注(下面将进一步描述)。
图3是根据本发明的客户信用管理过程的实施例。系统在302确定客户的当前可用信用。如果的客户的信用基于债券或其它可变的资产，则调查这些债券或其它资产的当前市值以确定客户的可用信用。在304，系统选择最低下注额度不超过客户当前可用信用的可下注事件结果。如果客户已指示定制可下注事件结果的选定范围，那么在306就从事件结果的选择范围中除去与客户指示不相符的那些可下注事件结果。在308，系统计算客户有资格对每个选择的可下注事件结果下注的优选最高额度。在310，为客户显示所选择的可下注事件结果和它们相应的授权下注额度。在312，如果在预定时间周期内没有接收到下注请求，系统则返回302。如果接收到下注请求，则在314确认该下注是否被接受，同时立即调整客户的可用信用。该系统接着返回302。
系统优选还包括奖励功能，该功能根据机构标准奖励客户额外的信用或其它类型的赠品。机构标准例如可包括，在指定的时间周期内下注一定次数，对某一事件下注，或者下注或者赢取一定的金额。机构还希望通过增加客户的信用或提供某些其它奖励安慰那些最近下注失利的客户。
系统显示可下注的事件、当前下注价格、以及优选显示其它市场数据。所显示的信息优选为可定制的信息。例如，客户可能希望只看到感兴趣的可下注事件(例如，棒球比赛)或只看到客户已经下注了的那些事件。对于还未定制显示的客户来说，机构最初可根据机构政策和目标设置显示并接着随后修改显示默认值。此外，该机构可选择性地临时或永久覆盖客户的显示默认以通知客户例如新的下注事件或未由该客户显示的事件的特殊下注价格。
显示的下注价格随着价格的变化进行实时更新。为确保基于现有市场显示的价格信息和市场数据是准确的，系统利用优选来自至少两个可能来源的多个电馈线确证显示数据。由于来自多个来源的数据不可能在时间上同步，系统优选执行这种同步。如果来自多个来源的价格在同步后相互不一致，系统可拉大差价、取消出价/报价，或不接受任何进一步的下注。这种功能能更好地避免潜在的高代价的失误。
系统提供给每个客户优选可定制的单个显示，用于显示例如该客户能下注的各种可下注事件、这些事件的价格、适当的到期日(例如，结束日、结束季度等)、以及客户有权下注的资金。事件结果的限期是时间、日期或下注事件结果结束的时间和日期。例如，事件结果可以是娱乐场的自动老虎机的支付额，其期限可以是每天的每个小时。在其期限事件结果的状态决定对该事件下注的结果。
下注可以有至少两种类型——固定赔率或差价赌注型下注。固定赔率下注包括对在预定的未来日期和时间到期的事件结果的固定金额下注。例如，机构充当庄家，或其他与机构的下注者(wagerer)充当代理，可提出以10∶1的赔率对某一天的下午4点S&P500指数不会超过某一水平下注。客户接着对S&P将超过该水平下注一个固定金额。在到期日期和时间，客户将或者输掉该下注金额或者赢得10倍于下注金额的金额。因此，在这种类型的下注中，客户的赌注(即，下注金额)是固定的，而且对客户和庄家或其它下注者的风险是已知的。
差价赌注型下注涉及对连续事件的每个增量变动的固定金额下注(例如，股票价格，S&P500指数等)直到预定期限(例如，结束日、结束周或结束季度)。例如，假设可下注事件为指数X的变动直到当前季度结束。指数X的当前价格为$1,500。机构可设置卖方报价为$1,505而出价为$1,495，赌注为每个点$100(一个点为事件的最小增量变动)。如果下注指数X将上涨，客户“接受”$1,505的卖方报价。对于指数X每上涨一个点，客户的赌金增加$100；对于指数X每下跌一个点，客户的赌金减少$100。如果下注指数X将下跌，客户“选中”$1,495的出价。相应地，对于指数X每下跌一个点，客户的赌金增加$100；对于指数X每上涨一个点，客户的赌金减少$100。潜在的赢利对大部分情况是不受限制的，仅受到期之前连续事件的有利变动量的限制，而损失一般受客户的最大信用的限制。
为在到期之前对差价赌注两面下注(例如，由于客户损失太大)，客户可反相(opposite)下注。例如，如果最初下注包含到季度结束时XYZ股票的价格将上涨，但在第一个星期以后，价格急剧下跌，客户可通过(迅速地)下另一注到季度末XYZ的价格将下跌来两面下注该赌注。因此，在最初下注中遭受的附加损失将通过两面下注的收益基本上得到弥补。然而，类似的，如果在季度末之前XYZ股票反向变动，那么最初下注所得到的收益也将因为两面下注遭受的损失而基本上被抵消。
在客户对一个或多个所选事件进行一次或多次下注后，实时确认该交易。由于客户已经进行了资格认证，而且所选择的事件和下注金额已经得到授权，因此基本上不会发生处理延迟。
如果当客户下注时价格可能会改变，系统将提示客户是否接受该价格变化。在2000年4月19日申请的标题为“交易系统和方法(SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR TRADING)”的美国专利申请No.09/553,423，以及目前的美国专利申请No.＿＿中描述了这种价格保持功能的实现，在此作为参考，但是在在线交互下注的上下文中。
图4-8是当下注时根据本发明的交互式显示屏幕的实施例。
图4是根据本发明的典型登录界面400。客户在下注前登录到该系统。客户在数据输入字段402输入用户名，而在数据输入字段404输入密码。客户接着选择登录键406以提交用户名和密码到下注系统。或者，客户可选择取消键408以退出登录界面400而不登录该系统。
图5是在客户登录到系统后根据本发明的典型屏幕显示500。弹出屏幕502包含授权客户下注的可下注事件结果的滚动列表504。客户可选择相应的可下注事件结果旁边的复选框，客户希望添加该事件结果到当前在屏幕500上监控的之前选择的可下注事件结果列表508中。为对事件下注，客户可例如双击列表508上的一个可下注事件结果以输入下注金额和所需的其它信息。
图6是在客户双击列表508上的可下注事件结果后根据本发明的典型屏幕显示。弹出屏幕602显示下列内容：字段604显示的双击的可下注事件结果的名称，表示预置下注金额的一系列键606，用于选择下注所希望使用的货币的下拉列表608，客户可输入下注金额612的赌金数据输入字段610作为选择其中一个下注金额键606的替代，卖出键614和相应的卖价616，以及买入键618和相应的买入价620。
图7是在客户输入金额“25”到赌金数据输入字段610并选择了买入键618后根据本发明显示弹出窗口602的典型屏幕显示700。客户点击买入键618后，在字段722中指示买入价620，并激活发送键724。
图8是在客户点击了图7的发送键724后根据本发明的典型屏幕显示800。弹出窗口802最好实时提供赌注806已经被接受的确认消息804。赌注806在对话历史显示808中显示。
应指出，在上述的每个屏幕显示中，可使用弹出窗口的替代办法来显示并输入所示的信息。
为帮助管理客户及庄家的风险，系统优选包括提供大量自动下注追踪索引以监视下注活动以及市场或事件情况的索引处理能力。例如，系统可指示已下了多少注，下注了多少金额，以及下注的对象。所下注的历史和当前结果(例如，已获利和损失情况)连同有关下注事件的任何其它数据也可以被索引和显示。此外，客户可创建定制的索引和定制的索引显示。例如，客户可定制和显示索引，该索引显示最近20注或最近一个月内客户的赢-输比率。当信息被输入或被系统接收时，显示的索引最好实时更新。默认情况下，机构可确定客户可使用哪些索引。
系统还优选提供显示的索引和其它信息的自动非书面语言解释(例如，“客户正购买事件#1”，或“对事件#2下注$100”)。所显示索引的文本形式优选以客户选择的语言自动提供。
系统优选响应客户的下注自动两面下注，图9是根据本发明的两面下注过程900。一般来说，两面下注是用于抵消投资风险的一种策略。例如，如果客户下注金额巨大，认为石油价格将上升到特定的水平，机构可购买一个或多个保留购买权或期货交易合同以两面下注客户所选取的位置。系统首先在902根据该机构希望承担的风险金额设置两面下注参数。当在904下注时，系统在906自动分析下注数据和可适用的市面并确定该机构是否应该两面下注，如果是，则应下注多少以及在哪个市场下注。优选系统的两面下注分析还考虑到特定客户的技能(例如，通过过去的表现)以及他们下注的规模。例如，如果已知的客户下注金额巨大，而且基于该客户过去的表现该客户赢比输的可能性更大，则该结构可尽快两面下注或者如果客户更有可能输的情况则下注更多的金额。
如果系统在908确定机构应该两面下注，其可到一个或多个优选的相关市场并自动完成一次或多次交易。如果没有可用或适合于充分两面下注客户位置的市场，那么系统可通过提高价格差距或通过选择只显示出价或只显示报价进行两面下注。如果系统确定没有必要进行两面下注，则不执行两面下注交易。然而，在912将更新两面下注变量以反映当前的客户位置，而且如果客户位置的移动使得两面下注变得必须，则可立即准备执行两面下注指令。
对于可下注的每个事件，系统首先设置一个差价(即，设置出价和报价)，接着在下注时根据机构的政策和目标动态重置和偏斜差价。系统100优选包括神经网络(即，学习规则系统；图1未示出)，该神经网络基于市面差价、过去情况以及其它数据，例如，当前市场的挥发性、市场的当前趋势、机构的基础位置、最近大多数下注的金额和趋势、市场的流动性、以及两面下注市场的流动性。因此，可以增大、降低或偏斜差价(即，偏移以便实际的下注价格不在差价的中心点)。神经网络平衡这种需要以确保足够的赢利，因此优选避免差价过窄，但相对于吸引客户的需要优选避免差价太宽。例如，对一个特定事件结果的初始差价可以设置为低于实际价格$5的出价和高于实际价格$5的报价。因此，如果实际价格为$105美元，则出价为$100美元而报价为$110美元。如果该事件结果的市场迅速向上移动(例如，由于多数股票行情看涨)，系统可向上偏斜该差价，设置出价为低于实际价格$1而报价为高于实际价格$9。或者，由于下注人趋于反向投资，系统将与基础市场趋势相反的方向偏斜下注价格。
机构也可通过在其它市场动态调整差价利用这种功能抵消其自身或其客户在一个市场上的行为。因此，这种功能给予机构控制赢利的机会。
另外，系统优选提供多种可下注事件的价格。即，系统可根据例如信用质量、下注数、下注规模、或下注行为对个别客户或客户组定制事件的差价。例如，系统可对最近遭受重大损失的客户折扣下注价格。类似地，系统可对下注金额大的客户折扣价格或增加奖金。
本发明的系统优选每天24小时，每周7日工作，这使得客户能在他们方便时下注。然而，目前可作为下注事件基础的许多现有市场只是在某些日期的某些时段工作。对于在特定的当前或未来日期有兴趣从这些市场获取价格的客户可能无法得到这些价格，因为在查询的时候个别市场关闭或因为在该特定日期市场不报价。
系统最好利用从已知的市场日期和其它市场信息设立的价格为请求的日期的下注价格自动计算一个价格。特别地，系统优选通过使不同但最好相关的可能市场的价格相互关联计算下注价格。这有助于预测已关闭市场的趋势并由此确定一个合理的请求下注价格。例如，如果客户从FTSE市场请求价格，但是该市场当前关闭，系统可基于当前开放的市场，例如DJIA及其与FTSE的相互关系计算价格。在计算难以获取的下注价格时优选还包含诸如最近下注布局和已知的储囤成本(例如，利息、红利、商品库存费用等)的其它数据。
系统优选自动帮助客户控制风险。机构、客户或二者可以输入指令(例如，标准)到系统中定义，例如，何时下注或损失太大。如果在下注期间满足该标准，则系统可警告或制止客户继续下注。例如，当客户在4小时内损失大约40％的信用时机构可使系统提示客户。客户可决定当客户在1小时内损失了其50％的信用时系统应暂停客户的下注。此外，如果满足客户的标准，系统将不仅制止客户继续下注，而且优选使客户退出在线下注环境并提供给客户预先选择的非下注环境。例如，客户指出当到达下注极限时，他们希望看到显示一个特定图片(例如，家庭照)。或他们可能想播放视频游戏或进入在线聊天室等等。这种远离下注环境的气氛改变提供使客户平静下来的时间，在此期间内他们可重新评估他们的下注活动和结果。
系统优选还包括自动损失限额功能，其中客户能输入特定的标准到系统请求损失限额下注。接收到请求后，这种功能自动执行抵消下注以弥补之前进行的差价赌注下注中客户的损失。自动重新调整机制优选实时调整损失限额功能的组合(例如，在两个下注客户分布中提高一个而降低另一个)。
当下注以及当从成功的下注接受收益时，系统优选允许客户选择特定的货币。客户因此会另外承担货币兑换风险。客户下注时选择的货币可不同于支付时选择的货币。例如，客户可以以欧元下注而以美元支付。在下注期间的任何时刻或支付时刻可以选择支付的货币以及付款地点。
在指定时刻(例如，特定事件的结果后的每小时、每天等)，系统基于预定标准确定结算价格。这种“调至市价”过程固定可下注事件结果或结束下注的价格。最终的下注价格可以基于例如事件市面市场，其反过来又可基于下注数、下注金额、下注的赢-输比率以及一定会赢或一定会输的潜在金额。
为便于在远程工作站下注，可选择性地给客户发行通用下注借记型卡，这种卡包含身份识别和财务信息，包括授权信用。客户优选通过首先插入卡到工作站上的读卡器启动下注，工作站接着优选在该客户和机构之间建立通信。这可取代上述的登录过程或在上述的登录过程之后执行。每当客户执行下注时更新由系统维护的主财务信息文件。当客户完成下注时，更新客户卡上的财务信息并从读卡器中将卡退出。或者，可刷一次卡以与机构建立通信并在提交下注之前再刷一次以借记该卡每个预期的赌注。一旦赢得下注，可刷卡以存入所有或部分赢取的金额。作为另一种选择方案，该卡可以制作为带有电子发射机/接收机电路，其自动启动与机构的通信并在适当配备的工作站接收发送的更新的财务信息。
根据本发明的下注卡的其它功能优选包括匿名发行带有预付费信用的卡(例如，作为礼物赠送)。在该预付费卡首次被客户使用(优选如图4所示登录后)时更新系统的主财务文件。该卡优可选用在银行使用以获得现金(例如，一直到授权的信用额)，以及用在传统的财务往来中使用(例如，在常规代理公司购买股票股份)。该卡也可优选在例如与机构有关系的金融机构独立地更新信用的增加。在卡上编码的新近更新的信用之后可发送(例如，一旦插入到工作站上的读卡器)到系统的主财务文件，或可以在卡上维护信用，以及基于交易基础借记或贷记。该卡还优选用于即使当前系统的主财务文件不可访问时(例如，由于某些技术原因)也能下注。
系统优选评估对可能不基于现有市场的事件下注的客户请求，例如，特定运动员在下一届奥运会上赢得金牌的可能性或娱乐场在某一段时间内在轮盘赌上支付超出特定金额的可能性。如果机构认可对客户请求事件的下注，系统将通过确定差价、建立可定制索引以及通知所有或选择的客户该新事件设立该事件为可选择的。
系统优选包括为各种事件建立下注的资格认证处理能力。例如，客户可请求下注特定飓风造成的损失将超过50亿美元。在建立飓风造成50亿美元的损失作为可下注事件之前，系统优选分析可用数据以确定50亿美元是否为接受下注的合理金额(即，在机构的风险容限内)。可用于分析的可用数据包括，例如，飓风的当前强度、当前位置、目标海岸的到达位置、以及过去类似强度和情况的飓风造成的损失金额。这种功能可以被例如保险业用于从这种事件对可能的损失两面下注。
在本发明的另一个实施例中，机构不仅充当单方下注的庄家(即，客户和机构之间的下注)，也可充当双方下注的代理(例如，客户之间、客户与其它机构之间、以及其它机构之间的下注)。在这种环境下(也称为交易环境)，系统允许有资格的客户或庄家(其它机构)输入出价和报价以显示给其它客户或庄家，而且能使每个机构控制庄家风险。
本发明的代理环境优选包括下述功能：参与人资格认证状态，证券创建状态，出价/报价状态，“何时”状态，经过认证的污迹状态，价格保持状态，价格改进状态，市场请求状态，恢复状态，价格生成状态，位置转换状态，以及调至市价状态。这些功能基本上在前面提到的美国专利申请No.09/553,423中实现，但是在在线交互下注的上下文中。
此外，本发明的代理环境也优选包括下述功能：命令收集状态，市场交易进行状态，交易命令分配状态，多下注状态，以及规模请求状态。这些功能基本上在2000年6月14日申请的标题为“用于提供刺激和连锁拍卖的电子交易的系统和方法(SYSTENS ANDMETHODS FOR ELECTRONIC TRADING THAT PROVIDEINSENTIVES AND LINKED AUCTIONS)”的美国专利申请No.09/593,554中实现，以及目前的专利申请No.＿＿中实现，在此作为参考，但是在在线交互下注的上下文中。
因此，可以看出，提供了对事件结果的实时交互下注。本领域技术人员将理解，本发明可以通过除所描述的实施例外的其它实施例实现，这些实施例仅提供用于示意而不是限制，而且本发明仅受所附的权利要求书的限制。

Claims (55)

1.一种对事件结果进行实时交互下注的方法，所述方法包括：
对参与下注的客户进行资格认证；
根据所述资格认证选择多个可下注的事件结果；
接收对其中一个所述事件结果进行下注的请求；以及
即时通知所述下注是否被接受。
2.权利要求1的方法，还包括在工作站显示所述选择的事件结果。
3.权利要求2的方法，其中所述显示和所述接收通过因特网发生。
4.权利要求1的方法，其中所述资格认证包括预先授权下注的金额限制。
5.权利要求1的方法，其中所述一个事件结果包括哪一个球队将赢得下一场棒球联会世界联赛。
6.权利要求1的方法，其中所述一个事件结果包括在预定时间周期内在赌博中娱乐场的成绩。
7.一种对事件结果进行实时交互下注的方法，所述方法包括：
提供一个因特网Web站点，该站点包括事件结果的选择；
对参与下注的客户进行资格认证；
通过所述因特网从所述客户接收对其中一个所述事件结果下注的请求；
即时确定所述客户是否具有设定所述下注的资格；以及
通过所述因特网即时通知所述客户所述下注是否被接受。
8.权利要求7的方法，其中所述资格认证包括为所述客户建立信用额度。
9.权利要求8的方法，还包括当接受下注时更新所述信用额度。
10.权利要求8的方法，其中所述确定包括确定下注金额是否在所述信用额度之内。
11.一种对事件结果进行实时交互下注的方法，所述方法包括：
为所述客户确定下注限额；
选择所述客户有权下注的可下注事件结果；
为所述客户显示所述可下注事件结果的所述选择；
从所述客户接收对其中一个所述可下注事件结果的选择下注的请求；以及
即时调整所述客户的所述下注限额。
12.权利要求11的方法，其中每个所述事件结果具有与之相关的最低所需下注金额，所述可下注事件结果的选择只包含最小下注金额不大于所述下注限额的那些所述事件结果。
13.权利要求12的方法，还包括根据所述调整的下注限额即时重新选择所述客户有权下注的可下注事件结果。
14.权利要求11的方法，还包括选择下注使用的货币。
15.权利要求11的方法，还包括响应成功下注的期限，以所述客户选择的货币支付所述客户。
16.一种对事件结果进行实时交互下注的方法，所述方法包括：
为客户建立信用额度；
为所述客户显示所述客户有权下注的事件结果的选择；
从所述客户接收对其中一个所述事件结果的选择下注的请求；
即时确认接受所述下注；
即时更新所述客户的所述信用额度；以及
即时更新所述客户有权下注的所述事件结果的选择。
17.权利要求16的方法，还包括根据预定的下注行为标准奖励所述客户。
18.权利要求17的方法，其中所述奖励包括增加所述信用额度。
19.权利要求17的方法，其中所述预定的下注行为标准包括至少一个下述标准：
所述客户的下注次数超过预定的最低下注次数；
所述客户对指定事件下注；
所述客户的下注总额超过预定的最低总额；
所述客户赢取的金额超过预定金额；以及
所述客户损失的金额超过预定金额。
20.一种对事件结果进行实时交互下注的方法，所述方法包括：
对下注客户进行资格认证；
为所述可下注事件结果接收价格信息；
生成所述客户有权下注的事件结果的选择，每个所述事件有与之相关的所述价格信息；
为所述客户显示所述事件结果的选择和相关的价格信息；
当所述接收的价格信息不同于所述显示的价格信息时，实时更新所述可下注事件结果的显示。
21.权利要求20的方法，其中接收价格信息包括从至少两个来源接收价格信息。
22.权利要求21的方法，还包括当从所述来源接收的所述价格信息不同时，确证接收的价格信息。
23.一种对事件结果进行实时交互下注的方法，所述方法包括：
为客户建立下注限额；
从所述客户接收定义将显示哪些可下注事件结果的指令；
根据所述下注限额，确定所述客户有权下注的可下注事件结果的最初选择；
根据所述客户指令，从所述最初选择中确定可下注事件结果的其次选择；以及
为所述客户显示可下注事件结果的显示，其中每个所述显示的事件结果是所述最初选择和所述其次选择中的一个；
从所述客户接收对其中一个所述显示的可下注事件结果进行下注的请求；以及
即时通知所述客户所述下注是否被接受。
24.权利要求23的方法，其中所述指令包括显示所述可下注事件的优选语言。
25.一种对事件结果进行实时交互下注的方法，所述方法包括：
对参与下注的客户进行资格认证；
为所述客户显示多个事件结果，每个所述事件结果有与之相关的显示价格；
从所述客户接收以与所述事件结果相关的显示价格对所述多个事件结果的其中一个下注的请求；
确定所述事件结果的所述显示价格是否与所述事件结果的当前价格相同；以及
如果所述当前价格不同于所述显示价格，则即时通知所述客户。
26.一种对事件结果进行实时交互下注的方法，所述方法包括：
从客户接收对所述客户有权下注的事件结果进行下注的请求；
基于预定的标准自动确定对所述下注两面下注的金额；以及
根据所述确定结果对所述下注两面下注。
27.权利要求26的方法，其中所述预定标准包括估量由其他客户进行的其它下注。
28.权利要求26的方法，其中所述预定标准包括所述客户的过去成绩。
29.权利要求26的方法，其中所述金额大于0。
30.一种对事件结果进行实时交互下注的方法，所述方法包括：
从客户接收对所述客户有权下注的事件结果进行下注的请求；
基于所述请求的下注和其他客户的下注确定所述机构所承担风险的金额；
确定所述风险金额是否超过预定金额；以及
根据所述风险金额是否超过所述预定金额，自动对所述风险金额两面下注。
31.权利要求30的方法，其中所述两面下注包括在相关市场完成至少一次交易。
32.权利要求30的方法，其中所述事件结果有与之相关的差价，而且所述两面下注包括增大所述事件结果的所述差价。
33.权利要求30的方法，其中所述两面下注包括限制未来的授权下注仅为所述下注事件结果的出价或报价。
34.一种对事件结果进行实时交互下注的方法，所述方法包括：
确定可下注事件结果的差价；
在工作站显示所述可下注的事件结果以及所述可下注事件结果的所述差价；
接收对所述可下注事件结果下注的请求；
即时通知所述下注是否被接受；以及
根据预定风险标准连续调整所述可下注事件的所述差价。
35.权利要求34的方法，其中所述风险标准包括对所述可下注事件下注的客户的过去的行为进行度量。
36.权利要求34的方法，其中所述风险标准包括对所述可下注事件所作的其它下注进行度量。
37.权利要求34的方法，其中所述风险标准包括对市场挥发性进行度量。
38.权利要求34的方法，其中所述可下注事件与市场相关而且还根据所述市场的当前趋势的度量进一步调整所述差价。
39.一种对事件结果进行实时交互下注的方法，所述方法包括：
对参与下注的客户进行资格认证；
从所述客户接收对事件结果的下注请求，所述事件结果与数据和市场有关，其中对所述日期的所述事件结果的价格不能从所述市场获得；
根据可得到的市场信息为所述事件结果计算所述价格；以及
为所述客户显示所述计算的价格。
40.权利要求39的方法，其中根据至少一个下述标准确定所述计算的价格：
与所述事件结果有关的价格具有的日期不同于所述事件结果的所述日期；
与另一事件结果有关的价格具有的日期不同于所述事件结果的所述日期；
与另一事件结果有关的价格具有的市场不同于所述事件结果的所述市场；
与另一下注有关的价格，其中所述另一下注基本上是最近完成的；以及
与所述请求的下注有关的储囤成本。
41.一种对事件结果进行实时交互下注的方法，所述方法包括：
对参与下注的客户进行资格认证；
从所述客户接收定义所述客户希望冒风险的最高金额的指令；
从所述客户接收对所述客户有权下注的事件结果下注的请求；以及
当所述请求的下注和所述客户的其它下注超出所述最高金额时提醒所述客户。
42.权利要求41的方法，还包括：
从所述客户接收放弃超出所述最高金额的下注的指令；以及
当所述请求的下注和所述客户的其它下注超出所述最高金额时放弃所述下注请求。
43.一种对事件结果进行实时交互下注的方法，所述方法包括：
对参与下注的客户进行资格认证；
从所述客户接收定义下注限额的指令；以及
当满足所述下注限额时制止所述客户进一步下注。
44.权利要求43的方法，其中所述下注限额包括允许所述客户下注的最高金额。
45.权利要求43的方法，其中所述下注限额包括允许所述客户损失的最高金额。
46.一种对事件结果进行实时交互下注的方法，所述方法包括：
从客户接收定义下注限额的指令；
从所述客户接收对事件结果下注的请求；
基于所述请求的下注和所述客户作出的其它下注，计算所述客户的下注总金额；以及
当所述总下注金额超出所述下注限额时，即时通知所述客户。
47.一种对事件结果进行实时交互下注的方法，所述方法包括：
为客户显示包含所述客户有权下注的事件结果选择的第一种显示；
从所述客户接收对事件结果下注的请求；
基于所述请求的下注和所述客户作出的其它下注，计算所述客户的下注总金额；以及
当所述总下注金额超出所述下注限额时，为客户显示包含非下注环境的第二种显示。
48.权利要求47的方法，其中所述预定的下注限额根据从所述客户接收的指令而确定。
49.一种对事件结果进行实时交互下注的方法，所述方法包括：
从客户接收定义损失限额的指令；
响应所述客户输掉了赌注计算所述客户的总损失金额，所述总损失金额基于所述输掉的下注和所述客户输掉的其它下注；以及
当所述总损失金额超出所述损失限额时，即时通知所述客户。
50.一种对事件结果进行实时交互下注的方法，所述方法包括：
为客户发行卡，所述卡内编码有与所述客户相关的身份识别信息和财务信息；
从所述卡中读出所述编码信息；
根据所述编码信息为所述客户显示所述客户有权下注的可下注事件结果的选择；
从所述客户接收对其中一个所述可下注事件结果的选择进行下注的请求；
即时通知所述客户所述下注是否被接受；以及
在所述卡上更新所述财务信息。
51.一种对事件结果进行实时交互下注的方法，所述方法包括：
为客户发行卡，所述卡内编码有与所述客户相关的身份识别信息和财务信息；
从所述卡中读出所述编码信息；
根据从所述卡中读出的编码信息，更新与所述客户相关的财务信息记录，所述财务信息记录存储于数据处理计算机内；
根据所述编码的财务信息，显示所述客户有权下注的可下注事件结果的选择；
从所述客户接收对其中一个所述可下注的事件结果的选择进行下注的请求；
即时通知所述下注是否被接受；
更新与所述客户有关的所述财务信息记录；以及
在所述卡上更新所述财务信息。
52.一种对事件结果进行实时交互下注的方法，所述方法包括：
提供可下注事件结果的选择；
从客户接收对除其中一个所述可下注事件结果的选择之外的事件下注的请求；
分析所述请求的事件结果是否应提供作为可下注的事件结果；
响应所述请求事件的有利分析为所述请求的事件结果设立价格和差价；以及
响应所述有利分析将所述请求事件结果添加到所述可下注事件结果的选择中。
53.权利要求52的方法，还包括通知所述客户所述新的可下注事件结果。
54.权利要求52的方法，还包括通知其他客户所述新的可下注事件结果。
55.一种对事件结果进行实时交互下注的方法，所述方法包括：
为下注客户进行资格认证；
提供可下注事件结果的选择；
从客户接收对除其中一个所述可下注事件结果选择之外的事件结果下注的请求；
添加所述请求的事件结果到所述可下注事件结果的选择中。
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