CN1324950C - Method for selectively breeding anti-bolting cabbage - Google Patents
Method for selectively breeding anti-bolting cabbage Download PDFInfo
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- CN1324950C CN1324950C CNB2005100430890A CN200510043089A CN1324950C CN 1324950 C CN1324950 C CN 1324950C CN B2005100430890 A CNB2005100430890 A CN B2005100430890A CN 200510043089 A CN200510043089 A CN 200510043089A CN 1324950 C CN1324950 C CN 1324950C
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a method for selectively breeding anti-bolting cabbage. The anti-bolting cabbage is selectively bred by using anti-bolting self-incompatible line germ plasm material 01S 315 as female parent, and using bolting self-compatible line germ plasm material 01S 105 as male parent for hybridization. The anti-bolting cabbage bred by the method of the present invention is mid-maturation first generation hybrid, and the growth season is about 60 to 65 days (from field planting to harvesting). The plant is 37.1cm in height, and the expanding degree is 60.3cm; the anti-bolting cabbage has strong growth capacity and has 13 outer leaves which are dark green in color with white leaf stalks; the leaf balls are overlapped to form reverse orbicular ovate shape, and the balls are compact. The ball leaves are creamy white in color, the ball is 28.3cm in height and 19.6cm in width, the ball index is 1.5, single ball is 1.8 to 2.5kg in weight, and net cabbage rate is more than 73.9%. The anti-bolting cabbage has about 60 ball leaves, and high primary bolting resistance. When seeds of anti-bolting cabbage are sown, the florescence of the female parent is earlier than that of the male parent for 7 to 10 days, and the male parent has strong winterness, so that the male parent is sown earlier than the female parent for more than 15 to 25 days. The row proportion of the male and the female parents is two to one, and 4000 to 4500 sprouts are kept per mu.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Crop Genetics and Breeding section in the agricultural science and technology, be specifically related to a kind of selection of anti-bolting cabbage.
Background technology
Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris ssp.Pekinensis olsson) is one of main vegetable species that originates from China, occupies critical role in China's vegetables year-round supply and the export trade.In recent years, along with the raising of living standards of the people, people wish can both have fresh good to eat, nutritious, " state's dish " Chinese cabbage that designs and varieties are various in each season.Yet underdone bolting problem is the crucial restraining factors that China and even countries in the world spring Chinese cabbage are produced.And address this problem the most basic, valid approach is exactly to cultivate anti-bolting, disease-resistant, precocious specific breed in spring.
About the anti-bolting breeding of Chinese cabbage, Japan and Korea S's research have early been bred large quantities of special use in spring Chinese cabbage half-bloods and have been widely used in production, have seized the market of China 70%; Domestic anti-bolting cabbage breeding is started late, and is faced with the variety source of anti-the bolting and extremely lacks " bottleneck " problem that hereditary basis is narrow relatively.Therefore, to excavation, improvement, innovation and the Rapid identification of the germplasm of anti-the bolting cabbage, be one of problem that presses at present solution; Second urgent solution of needs, problem is that the peduncle-growing period for rapeseed of anti-bolting cabbage is more much longer than common variety, has limited the breeding process of anti-bolting cabbage greatly, far can not satisfy breeding units and market to the speed of breeding of new variety and pressing for of quantity.
Summary of the invention
According to problem and the deficiency that above-mentioned prior art partly exists, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of selection of anti-bolting cabbage.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is, a kind of selection of anti-bolting cabbage, this anti-bolting cabbage selects anti-bolting self compatible line of maternal germplasm materials and male parent germplasm materials bolting self incompatible line selection cross to form, it is characterized in that, specifically obtain according to the following steps:
1) seed selection of the maternal germplasm materials of anti-bolting self compatible line
Maternal germplasm materials is to introduce germplasm materials 83-20# by inferior vegetables center, by 3 ℃ of artificial vernalization of refrigerator and maternal plant pounding naturally, high pressure is selected late bolting, the plant that blooms evening is reserved seed for planting, select autumn balling good, the type of filling the span of a man's arms, viral diseases, downy mildew resistance, the preferred strain of anti-soft rot, adopt pedigree method, continuous single pearl selfing, after in the 4th generation,, basic proterties was stable, the mensuration of carrying out self-incompatibillity in conjunction with reserving seed for planting and the survey of combination are joined, select the low and flower bud phase index of affinity height of florescence index of affinity, the individual plant that coordinate force is high continues to reserve seed for planting, pass through continuous 7 generations and select quality to eliminate, breed good self compatible line germplasm materials, called after 01S
315, and begin to be used for assembly;
The self compatible line standard: dark green leaf color, siphonal lobe is few, and the blade face is crimped to numb leaf, and leaf-head is filled the span of a man's arms and is thin shell shape, and plant type is uprightly compact, and the bag ball is consolidation comparatively, and is late-maturing, about 90 days breeding times;
2) cultivation of anti-bolting self incompatible line male parent germplasm materials
The male parent germplasm materials is to select local farm variety 95S30, by 3 ℃ of artificial vernalization of refrigerator and the vernalization of maternal plant nature, the high pressure plant of selecting to bloom in late bolting, evening is reserved seed for planting, select that balling is good autumn, the excellent of the type of filling the span of a man's arms, viral diseases, downy mildew resistance, anti-soft rot involve continuous selfing in a criminal case, separate through continuous 7 generations selfing, obtain the self incompatible line germplasm materials, called after 01S
105, and begin to be used for assembly;
The self incompatible line standard: dark green leaf color, leaf-head likeness in form Fushan, shallow folded embracing, the little wrinkle in blade face, cold-resistant, anti-bolting in advance, late-maturing, about 90 days breeding times;
3) breeding hybridized
With 01S
315Make female parent, 01S
105Make male parent, male parent more than 15～25 days, better meets the florescence than maternal early sowing, and female male parent row was than 2: 1, and the mu density of reserved seedlings is the 4000-4500 strain, and after parent's florescence finished, the preface of not blooming of in time thoroughly destroying another parent was guaranteed purity of hybrid;
4) crossbreed standard
In ripe half-blood, about 60-65 days breeding time, plant height 37.1cm, degree of development 60.3cm, growth potential is strong, 13 of siphonal lobes, dark green leaf color, petiole white, leaf-head is folded to be embraced, oval, balling 03 consolidation, the milky white of ball leaf, the high 28.3cm of ball, the wide 19.6cm of ball, spherical index 1.5, single ball weighs 1.8～2.5kg, the clean vegetables rate is more than 73.9%, about 60 of the ball numbers of sheets, and anti-bolting in advance is extremely strong.
The applicant is according to the anti-bolting cabbage kind of method seed selection of the present invention, called after " hat spring " (former code name 02-33) is identified through plant protection institute of Xibei Univ. of Agricultural ﹠ Forest Science ﹠ Technology land for growing field crops: this kind high antiviral disease, downy mildew, black spot, soft rot and tipburn.To the resistance of downy mildew be better than the spring obtain, Jing Chunwang; Soft rot and tipburn resistance obviously are better than the spring obtain, also be better than Jing Chunwang; Resistance and the spring to virus disease, black spot obtained, capital spring kingliness ought.
According to the trophic analysis of test center of Xibei Univ. of Agricultural ﹠ Forest Science ﹠ Technology, hat spring (former code name 02-33) dry matter 4.7%, Vcl4.7mg/100g, soluble sugar 1.98%, protein 1.10%, total acid 0.07%, raw fiber 0.38%.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the selection according to anti-bolting cabbage of the present invention, the present invention is described in further detail in the test in No. 2, the anti-bolting cabbage new varieties of seed selection gold hat and concrete zone thereof.
1. anti-bolting self compatible line 01S
315The cultivation of germplasm materials
As far back as nineteen ninety-five, the applicant just begins the preparation development work of relevant anti-bolting germplasm material for selfed line, in the distinguished germ plasm 83-20# that has introduced inferior vegetables center then, by 3 ℃ of artificial vernalization of refrigerator and the vernalization of maternal plant nature, high pressure is selected late bolting, the plant that blooms evening is reserved seed for planting, select autumn balling good, the type of filling the span of a man's arms, viral diseases, downy mildew, pedigree method is adopted in the excellent strain of soft rot, continuous single pearl selfing, after in the 4th generation,, basic proterties was stable, the mensuration of carrying out self-incompatibillity in conjunction with reserving seed for planting and the survey of combination are joined, select the low and flower bud phase index of affinity height of florescence index of affinity, the individual plant that coordinate force is high continues to reserve seed for planting, pass through continuous 7 generations and select quality to eliminate, calendar year 2001 is bred good self compatible line 01S
315Germplasm materials.Began to be used for assembly in 2002.
01S
315The self compatible line standard: dark green leaf color, siphonal lobe is few, and the blade face is crimped to numb leaf, and leaf-head is filled the span of a man's arms and is thin shell shape, and plant type is uprightly compact, and the bag ball is consolidation comparatively, and is late-maturing, about 90 days breeding times.
2. anti-bolting self incompatible line 01S
105The cultivation of germplasm materials
Be selected from local farm variety 95S30 of nineteen ninety-five, reserve seed for planting by 3 ℃ of artificial vernalization of refrigerator and the maternal plant nature vernalization high pressure plant of selecting to bloom in late bolting, evening, select that balling is good autumn, the excellent of the type of filling the span of a man's arms, viral diseases, downy mildew, soft rot involve continuous selfing in a criminal case, separate through continuous 7 generations selfing, calendar year 2001 is cultivated good self incompatible line 01S successfully
105Germplasm materials, and begin to be used for assembly;
01S105 self incompatible line standard: dark green leaf color, leaf-head likeness in form Fushan, shallow folded embracing, the little wrinkle in blade face, cold-resistant, anti-bolting in advance, late-maturing, about 90 days breeding times.
3. hybrid seed breeding method
Free cabbage hybrid is with 01S
315Make maternal and self incompatible line 01S
105Do the crossbreed that male parent was bred in 2002, test code number 02-33, called after hat spring (former code name 02-33); The maternal florescence, the male parent winter habit was stronger again early than male parent 7～10 days, so male parent is than maternal early sowing more than 15～25 days.Can protect the florescence and better meet, female male parent row should the mu density of reserved seedlings be the 4000-4500 strain than 2: 1.After parent's florescence finished, the preface of not blooming of in time thoroughly destroying another parent can be guaranteed purity of hybrid.
4. be preced with spring crossbreed standard
In ripe half-blood, about 60-65 days breeding time (from field planting to results).Plant height 37.1cm, degree of development 60.3cm, growth potential is strong, 13 of siphonal lobes, dark green leaf color, petiole white.Leaf-head is folded to be embraced, and falls oval, the balling consolidation.The milky white of ball leaf, the high 28.3cm of ball, the wide 19.6cm of ball, spherical index 1.5, single ball weighs 1.8～2.5kg, and the clean vegetables rate is more than 73.9%.About 60 of the ball numbers of sheets, anti-bolting in advance is extremely strong.
Identify through plant protection institute of Xibei Univ. of Agricultural ﹠ Forest Science ﹠ Technology land for growing field crops: this kind high antiviral disease, downy mildew, black spot, soft rot and tipburn.To the resistance of downy mildew be better than the spring obtain, Jing Chunwang; Soft rot and tipburn resistance obviously are better than the spring obtain, also be better than Jing Chunwang; Resistance and the spring to virus disease, black spot obtained, capital spring kingliness ought.
According to the trophic analysis of test center of Xibei Univ. of Agricultural ﹠ Forest Science ﹠ Technology, hat spring (former code name 02-33) dry matter 4.7%, Vc14.7mg/100g, soluble sugar 1.98%, protein 1.10%, total acid 0.07%, raw fiber 0.38%.
5. be preced with spring breeding of new variety process
Spring in 2002, the applicant is with 01S
315Being female parent, selecting 12 of different male parent material assembly hybrid combinations, carry out varietal yield test autumn inside and outside institute then, is contrast with the advantage, wherein 01S
315* 01S
105The combination comprehensive resistance is best, aesthetic in appearance, and code name is 02-33, meets breeding objective and produces needs.01S in 2003
315* 01S
105Combination is participated in Shaanxi Province's Chinese cabbage in spring regional test and is produced demonstration, generally reflection " commodity is good, and resistance to draw is strong, and with the veriety precocity, comprehensive resistance against diseases is strong than Korea S ".Participating in Chinese cabbage production in spring on ground such as Xi'an, Weinan and Guangxi outside the province, Henan inside the province in 2004 demonstrates, with Korea S " spring is obtained ", domestic " Jing Chunwang ", " white No. one of Shandong spring " are contrast, 02-33 in experiment and demonstration, performance high yield, cold-resistant, anti-bolting, disease-resistant, outstanding feature such as quality is good, comprehensive resistance is good.Than Korea S's " spring is obtained " volume increase 5%, more domestic " Jing Chunwang " increased production 9.5% 5644.7 kilograms of Yanliang District Bei Tun township, Xi'an safety village per mu yields in 2004; Produce 5823.2 kilograms of demonstration average yield per mus, than " spring is obtained " volume increase 25.8%.Identify after Shaanxi Province's variety of crops validation board vegetables special interest group is on-the-spot, think that this kind is even more ideal as spring Chinese cabbage cultivation, and good in economic efficiency, naming then is to be preced with the spring.
6. produce performance
01S in 2003
315* 01S
I05Combination is participated in Shaanxi Province's Chinese cabbage in spring regional test and is produced demonstration, generally reflection " commodity is good, and resistance to draw is strong, and with the veriety precocity, comprehensive resistance against diseases is strong than Korea S ".Participating in Chinese cabbage production in spring on ground such as Xi'an, Weinan and Guangxi outside the province, Henan inside the province in 2004 demonstrates, with Korea S " spring is obtained ", domestic " Jing Chunwang ", " white No. one of Shandong spring " are contrast, 02-33 in experiment and demonstration, performance high yield, cold-resistant, anti-bolting, disease-resistant, outstanding feature such as quality is good, comprehensive resistance is good.Than Korea S's " spring is obtained " volume increase 5%, more domestic " Jing Chunwang " increased production 9.5% 5644.7 kilograms of Yanliang District Bei Tun township, Xi'an safety village per mu yields in 2004; Produce 5823.2 kilograms of demonstration average yield per mus, than " spring is obtained " volume increase 25.8%.
7. suitable area and yield level:
But this kind is at our province and the folded regional all suitable plantings of embracing type spring Chinese cabbage of whole nation cultivation, about general per mu yield 6000kg.
The culture technique main points:
The greenhouse, middle canopy is live or grow seedlings: Guanzhong is at the beginning of 2 months; The northern Shensi by the end of February, at the beginning of 3 months; Shan Nan by the end of January, at the beginning of 2 months.Open country plastic-film-covered cultivation seeding and seedling raising optimum period: Guanzhong be go up February, the middle ten days; Northern Shensi mid-March; Go up February in Shan south, the middle ten days.Seedling age 25-30 days.The little high ridge single file cultivation of live general employing also can be adopted the live or seedling raising and transplanting of flat furrow duplicate rows, and seedling raising and transplanting was by about 20 days in advance suitable live time of various places, and the field planting of seedling band soil is advisable.Seed consumption: live 250g/ mu, program request 100g/ mu, seedling raising and transplanting 30g/ mu.Density of reserved seedlings 3300～4400 strain/mus, high liquid manure field piece 3300 strain/mus, middle fertility field piece 3800 strain/mus, barren ground 4400 strain/mus.This kind requires high to rich water, heavy dressing base manure, and mu organic fertilizer 4000～5000kg imposes urea 3～4 times according to different times between breeding time, is divided into " carrying seed manure " period, " tiller fertilizer " period, " fertilizer of making a psychological attack " period, irritates heart fertilizer period; Carry seed manure mu in period and execute urea 5～7kg, tiller mu in fertile period is executed urea 15kg, and the fertilizer mu in period of making a psychological attack is executed urea 15～20kg, irritates heart mu in fertile period and executes urea 15kg.Total is amounted to mu and is executed urea 40～50kg/ mu.The plantation in spring, when there is 50% plant bag ball consolidation in the field, the listing of should gathering successively.
This kind also can be used for the outdoor cropping in autumn, cultivation time Guanzhong area 5～August 15 August, North Shaanxi July 20～25, area, south, Shan 10～September 5 August.
Following table 1～table 2 is that hat spring kind participates in Chinese cabbage regional test yield result.
Table 12003 and Shaanxi Province's Chinese cabbage production test (demonstration) yield result unit in 2004: kg/ mu
| District's pilot | 2003 | 2004 | ||||||||
| The hat spring | Spring is obtained (ck 1) | Capital spring king (ck 2) | Comparison is according to increasing or reduce (%) | The hat spring | Spring is obtained (ck 1) | Capital spring king (ck 2) | Comparison is according to increasing or reduce (%) | |||
| ck 1 | ck 2 | ck 1 | ck 2 | |||||||
| Yanliang District experiment station, Xi'an | 4863.2 | 4005.6 | 4463.5 | 21.4 | 9.0 | 5644.7 | 5378.0 | 5155.8 | 5.0 | 9.5 |
| Weinan City Shuan Wang township Huai Yacun | 5124.3 | 4156.2 | 4936.4 | 23.3 | 3.8 | 6235.4 | 4544.8 | 5279.3 | 37.2 | 18.1 |
| Five-pointed star village, Yangling District Li Tai township | 4653.9 | 3102.6 | 4255.6 | 50.0 | 9.4 | 5746.4 | 5247.6 | 6115.8 | 9.5 | -6.0 |
| On average | 4880.5 | 3754.8 | 4551.8 | 30.0 | 7.2 | 5875.5 | 5056.8 | 5517.0 | 16.2 | 6.5 |
Table 2:2003 and Shaanxi Province Chinese cabbage regional test yield result unit in 2004: kg/ mu
| District's pilot | 2003 | 2004 | ||||||||
| The hat spring | Spring is obtained (ck 1) | Capital spring king (ck 2) | Comparison is according to increasing or reduce (%) | The hat spring | Pound and obtain (ck 1) | Capital spring king (ck 2) | Comparison is according to increasing or reduce (%) | |||
| ck 1 | ck 2 | ck 1 | ck 2 | |||||||
| Yanliang District experiment station, Xi'an | 6386.3 | 4355.8 | 6667.0 | 46.6 | -4.2 | 5784.3 | 5211.0 | 5668.5 | 11.0 | 2.0 |
| Weinan City Shuan Wang township Huai Yacun | 5836.3 | 4938.2 | 5662.7 | 18.2 | 3.1 | 6327.5 | 3854.1 | 5866.4 | 64.2 | 7.9 |
| Five-pointed star village, Yangling District Li Tai township | 5465.3 | 4310.2 | 5472.5 | 26.8 | -0.1 | 5890.4 | 5245.3 | 5934.8 | 12.3 | -0.7 |
| On average | 5896.0 | 4534.7 | 5934.1 | 30.0 | -0.6 | 6000.7 | 4770.1 | 5823.2 | 25.8 | 3.0 |
Claims (1)
1. the selection of an anti-bolting cabbage, this anti-bolting cabbage selects anti-bolting self compatible line of maternal germplasm materials and the anti-bolting self incompatible line of male parent germplasm materials selection cross to form, and it is characterized in that, specifically obtains according to the following steps:
1) seed selection of the maternal germplasm materials of anti-bolting self compatible line
Maternal germplasm materials is to introduce germplasm materials 83-20# by inferior vegetables center, by 3 ℃ of artificial vernalization of refrigerator and the vernalization of maternal plant nature, high pressure is selected late bolting, the plant that blooms evening is reserved seed for planting, select autumn balling good, the type of filling the span of a man's arms, viral diseases, downy mildew resistance, the excellent strain of anti-soft rot, adopt pedigree method, continuous individual plant selfing, after in the 4th generation,, basic proterties was stable, the mensuration of carrying out self-incompatibillity in conjunction with reserving seed for planting and the survey of combination are joined, select the low and flower bud phase index of affinity height of florescence index of affinity, the individual plant that coordinate force is high continues to reserve seed for planting, pass through continuous 7 generations and select quality to eliminate, breed good self compatible line germplasm materials, called after 01S
315, and begin to be used for assembly;
The self compatible line standard: dark green leaf color, siphonal lobe is few, and the blade face is crimped to numb leaf, and leaf-head is filled the span of a man's arms and is thin shell shape, and plant type is uprightly compact, and the bag ball is consolidation comparatively, and is late-maturing, 90 days breeding times;
2) cultivation of anti-bolting self incompatible line male parent germplasm materials
The male parent germplasm materials is to select local farm variety 95S30, by 3 ℃ of artificial vernalization of refrigerator and the vernalization of maternal plant nature, the high pressure plant of selecting to bloom in late bolting, evening is reserved seed for planting, select that balling is good autumn, the excellent of the type of filling the span of a man's arms, viral diseases, downy mildew resistance, anti-soft rot involve continuous selfing in a criminal case, separate through continuous 7 generations selfing, obtain the self incompatible line germplasm materials, called after 01S
105, and begin to be used for assembly;
The self incompatible line standard: dark green leaf color, leaf-head likeness in form Fushan, shallow folded embracing, the little wrinkle in blade face, cold-resistant, anti-bolting in advance, late-maturing, 90 days breeding times;
3) breeding hybridized
With 01S
315Make female parent, 01S
105Make male parent, male parent more than 15～25 days, better meets the florescence than maternal early sowing, and female male parent row was than 2: 1, and the mu density of reserved seedlings is the 4000-4500 strain, and after parent's florescence finished, the preface of not blooming of in time thoroughly destroying another parent was guaranteed purity of hybrid;
4) crossbreed standard
In ripe half-blood, 60～65 days breeding times, plant height 37.1cm, degree of development 60.3cm, growth potential is strong, 13 of siphonal lobes, dark green leaf color, petiole white, leaf-head is folded to be embraced, oval, the balling consolidation, the milky white of ball leaf, the high 28.3cm of ball, the wide 19.6cm of ball, spherical index 1.5, single ball weighs 1.8～2.5kg, the clean vegetables rate is more than 73.9%, 60 of the ball numbers of sheets, and anti-bolting in advance is extremely strong.
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| CNB2005100430890A CN1324950C (en) | 2005-08-11 | 2005-08-11 | Method for selectively breeding anti-bolting cabbage |
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| CN101440408B (en) * | 2008-12-25 | 2013-04-03 | 西北农林科技大学 | Celery cabbage nucleo-cytoplasmic interreaction male sterility SRAP marker and use thereof for assisting selective breeding |
| CN107896980B (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2020-10-02 | 上海市农业科学院 | Breeding method of non-heading Chinese cabbage germplasm resource suitable for mechanized harvesting |
| CN108812110B (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2020-08-04 | 甘肃农业大学 | Method for identifying temperature sensing characteristics of brassica napus by using relative plant height of plants |
| CN109220773B (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2021-11-02 | 东北农业大学 | Method for cultivating bolting-resistant cabbage variety |
| CN109566401B (en) * | 2019-01-14 | 2021-12-24 | 安徽农业大学 | Method for quickly breeding bolting-resistant homozygous inbred line and inbred-incompatible line of black cabbage pole |
| CN112493115B (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2022-05-03 | 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | Method for creating cabbage with tip in Yutian for late bolting and application thereof |
| CN112931187A (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2021-06-11 | 山西省农业科学院蔬菜研究所 | Breeding method of Chinese cabbage hybrid with high virus disease resistance |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1097090A (en) * | 1994-02-07 | 1995-01-11 | 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | A kind of method of wild cabbage hybrid seeding |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1097090A (en) * | 1994-02-07 | 1995-01-11 | 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | A kind of method of wild cabbage hybrid seeding |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 极早熟耐抽薹大白菜新品种‘陕春白1号’ 张鲁刚，惠麦侠，张明科，园艺学报，第30卷第1期 2003 * |
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