CN112931187A - Breeding method of Chinese cabbage hybrid with high virus disease resistance - Google Patents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
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Abstract
The invention discloses a breeding method of Chinese cabbage hybrid with high virus resistance, belonging to the Chinese cabbage breeding technical field, selecting 5-10 excellent single plants from self-incompatible line Chinese cabbage with excellent virus resistance character and good appearance quality, selecting 4-5 robust flowering branches before the plants bloom and sheathing paper bags on the branches, taking pollen of the plants for pollination on the day of flowering, sheathing the paper bags on the branches, observing the flowering condition, removing the tops of the flowering branches without flower buds, hanging the flower buds as marks, respectively investigating the pollination and fructification conditions in the flowering period after the seeds are mature, determining the compatibility, and determining the breeding method. Compared with the Chinese cabbages on the market at present, the breeding method of the Chinese cabbages with high virus resistance has the advantages of resisting virus diseases more easily, reducing the incidence of the Chinese cabbages, obviously reducing the disease indexes of the virus diseases, downy mildew and soft rot, promoting the high and stable yield of the Chinese cabbages and having larger market prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of Chinese cabbage breeding, and particularly relates to a breeding method of a Chinese cabbage hybrid with high virus resistance.
Background
Chinese cabbage is native to China and is one of vegetable crops which are deeply loved by people. With the increasing improvement of the living standard of people, people put forward higher requirements on the aspects of the quality, resistance, growth period and the like of Chinese cabbages; meanwhile, the climate change and the development of diseases present many new problems for the scientific research and production of the Chinese cabbage. Particularly, in recent years, the occurrence of cabbage virus diseases is becoming more serious, and the virus becomes an important factor for limiting the improvement of the yield and the quality of the cabbages.
In the prior art, with the popularization of a large number of disease-resistant varieties, downy mildew and soft rot in planting production areas of various places are obviously reduced, but a lot of virus diseases still cannot be effectively prevented and controlled, and still are important factors for restricting the high yield and the stable yield of the Chinese cabbage.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a breeding method of a Chinese cabbage hybrid with high virus resistance, and aims to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a breeding method of Chinese cabbage hybrid with high virus resistance comprises the following steps:
s1, establishing a breeding target, and introducing Chinese cabbages from regions with similar ecotypes;
s2, selecting cabbage seeds with the leaf ball upper and the leaf body glossy, crisp and tender, compact leaf balls, and consistent nodulation shape and plant type size;
s3, further selfing and purifying the selected Chinese cabbage seeds, and breeding excellent self-incompatible line plant seeds;
s4, adopting flowering phase selfing and bud phase selfing to breed self-incompatible strains, and then breeding self-incompatible lines in the offspring by a mixed pollen pollination method;
s5, selecting 5-10 excellent single plants from the self-incompatible line Chinese cabbage variety with excellent virus resistance and good appearance quality, selecting 4-5 robust flowering branches before the plants bloom, sleeving paper bags on the flowering branches, taking pollen of the plants for pollination on the day of flowering, sleeving the paper bags again, and observing the flowering condition;
s6, removing the tops of the flowering branches without leaving buds, marking, investigating the pollination and fructification conditions in the flowering phase after the seeds are mature, and determining the affinity of the seeds;
s7, repeating the steps S5-S6 to carry out bud-phase selfing in the flowering phase, and breeding a female parent and a male parent of plant seeds with self-incompatibility, high antiviral property and stable property in different filial generations;
s8, selecting parents from the female parent and the male parent in different filial generations according to the target character of high virus resistance and stable character, and breeding the Chinese cabbage hybrid with high virus resistance by adopting a pairwise hybridization method;
s9, carrying out quality identification, disease index monitoring and anti-influenza classification identification on the bred Chinese cabbage hybrid with high virus resistance.
Further optimizing the technical scheme, in the step S1, when the chinese cabbage introduction is performed in the similar ecotype area, a small-area introduction test must be performed first to determine whether the popularization is suitable, so as to avoid great loss of the subsequent planting.
Further optimizing the technical scheme, in the S3, the selfing purification treatment comprises the following three steps of seed soaking and germination accelerating, vernalization treatment and selfing pollination.
Further optimizing the technical scheme, in the step S4, the self-incompatible strains are selected according to the inner affinity index and the single plant affinity index of the reference system and the seed setting conditions of the selfing in the bud period and the selfing in the flowering period until the self-incompatible line with stable self-compatibility index is bred.
Further optimizing the technical scheme, in the S5, the pollination can be carried out for 2-3 times according to the observation result of flowering, buds at the base part and the middle part of the branch are selected, and the pollination of a single plant in the flowering period is 45-55 flowers.
Further optimizing the technical scheme, in the S6, during the selfing in the flowering phase, 1-2 branches are selected from the other branches of the same single plant for bud period manual bud peeling, so that the stigma is exposed, the pollen which is bagged in advance in the same plant is coated, and then the paper bag is sleeved, so as to ensure that the self-incompatible plant in the flowering phase keeps the next generation.
Further optimizing the technical scheme, in the S7, the frequency of flower bud period selfing is 4-5, and in the period, a single plant with small flower period affinity index and large bud period affinity index is selected for cultivation, so that the stability of high antiviral property is improved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a breeding method of a Chinese cabbage hybrid with high virus resistance, which has the following beneficial effects:
compared with the Chinese cabbages on the market at present, the method for breeding the Chinese cabbages with high virus resistance has the advantages of resisting virus diseases more easily, reducing the incidence probability of the Chinese cabbages, and identification results show that the disease indexes of the virus diseases, downy mildew and soft rot are obviously reduced, the high yield and stable yield of the Chinese cabbages are promoted, and the market prospect is wide.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a breeding method of a Chinese cabbage hybrid with high virus resistance provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the identification results of the high antiviral Chinese cabbage hybrid bred by the breeding method of the high antiviral Chinese cabbage hybrid of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
referring to fig. 1, a method for breeding a high virus disease resistance Chinese cabbage hybrid includes the following steps:
s1, formulating a breeding target, performing Chinese cabbage introduction from the similar ecotype area, and performing small-area introduction test to determine whether the method is suitable for popularization and avoid great loss of subsequent planting when the Chinese cabbage introduction is performed in the similar ecotype area;
s2, selecting cabbage seeds with the leaf ball upper and the leaf body glossy, crisp and tender, compact leaf balls, and consistent nodulation shape and plant type size;
s3, further selfing and purifying the selected Chinese cabbage seeds, and carrying out seed soaking, vernalization and selfing pollination to breed excellent self-incompatible line plant seeds;
s4, adopting flowering phase selfing and bud phase selfing to breed self-incompatible plants, then breeding self-incompatible lines in the offspring by a mixed pollen pollination method, and taking out the self-incompatible plants according to the internal affinity index and the single plant affinity index of the reference system and the seed setting conditions of the bud phase selfing and the flowering phase selfing until the self-incompatible lines with stable self-compatible indexes are bred;
s5, selecting 5-10 excellent single plants from self-incompatible line Chinese cabbage varieties with excellent antiviral property and good appearance quality, selecting 4-5 robust flowering branches before the plants bloom, sleeving paper bags on the flowering branches, taking pollen of the plants for pollination on the day of flowering, sleeving the paper bags on the flowering branches, observing the flowering condition, continuously pollinating for 2-3 times according to the observed result of flowering, selecting buds at the base parts and the middle parts of the branches, and pollinating for 45-55 single plants in the flowering period;
s6, removing the tops of the flowering branches without leaving buds, hanging the marks for marking, after the seeds are mature, investigating the pollination and fruiting conditions in the flowering phase respectively, measuring the affinity of the seeds, selecting 1-2 branches on the other branches of the same single plant for manual bud peeling in the bud phase while selfing in the flowering phase, exposing the stigma, coating pollen which is bagged in advance in the same plant, and sleeving a paper bag to ensure that the selfing incompatible plants in the flowering phase store the offspring;
s7, repeating the steps S5-S6 to perform bud stage selfing in the flower stage, wherein the number of times of the bud stage selfing in the flower stage is 4-5, and during the period, a single plant with small flower stage compatibility index and large bud stage compatibility index is selected to be cultivated, so that the stability of high antiviral property is improved, and female parents and male parents of plant seeds with self-incompatibility and stable antiviral property in different filial generations are bred;
s8, selecting parents from the female parent and the male parent in different filial generations according to the target character of high virus resistance and stable character, and breeding the Chinese cabbage hybrid with high virus resistance by adopting a pairwise hybridization method;
s9, carrying out quality identification, disease index monitoring and anti-influenza classification identification on the bred Chinese cabbage hybrid with high virus resistance.
Example two:
a breeding method of Chinese cabbage hybrid with high virus resistance comprises the following steps:
s1, formulating a breeding target, performing Chinese cabbage introduction from the similar ecotype area, and performing small-area introduction test to determine whether the method is suitable for popularization and avoid great loss of subsequent planting when the Chinese cabbage introduction is performed in the similar ecotype area;
s2, selecting cabbage seeds with the leaf ball upper and the leaf body glossy, crisp and tender, compact leaf balls, and consistent nodulation shape and plant type size;
s3, further selfing and purifying the selected Chinese cabbage seeds, and carrying out seed soaking, vernalization and selfing pollination to breed excellent self-incompatible line plant seeds;
s4, adopting flowering phase selfing and bud phase selfing to breed self-incompatible plants, then breeding self-incompatible lines in the offspring by a mixed pollen pollination method, and taking out the self-incompatible plants according to the internal affinity index and the single plant affinity index of the reference system and the seed setting conditions of the bud phase selfing and the flowering phase selfing until the self-incompatible lines with stable self-compatible indexes are bred;
s5, selecting 5-10 excellent single plants from self-incompatible line Chinese cabbage varieties with excellent antiviral property and good appearance quality, selecting 5-6 robust flowering branches before the plants bloom, sleeving paper bags on the flowering branches, taking pollen of the plants for pollination on the day of flowering, sleeving the paper bags on the flowering branches, observing the flowering condition, continuously pollinating for 3-4 times according to the observed result of flowering, selecting flower buds at the base parts and the middle parts of the branches, and pollinating for 40-50 single plants in the flowering period;
s6, removing the tops of the flowering branches without leaving buds, hanging the marks for marking, after the seeds are mature, investigating the pollination and fruiting conditions in the flowering phase respectively, measuring the affinity of the seeds, selecting 2-3 branches on the other branches of the same single plant for manual bud peeling in the bud phase while selfing in the flowering phase, exposing the stigma, coating pollen which is bagged in advance in the same plant, and sleeving a paper bag to ensure that the selfing incompatible plants in the flowering phase store the offspring;
s7, repeating the steps S5-S6 to carry out bud stage selfing in the flower stage, wherein the number of times of the bud stage selfing in the flower stage is 5, and a single plant with a small flower stage compatibility index and a large bud stage compatibility index is selected to be cultivated in the bud stage, so that the stability of high antiviral property is improved, and female parents and male parents of plant seeds with self-incompatibility and high antiviral property stability in different filial generations are bred;
s8, selecting parents from the female parent and the male parent in different filial generations according to the target character of high virus resistance and stable character, and breeding the Chinese cabbage hybrid with high virus resistance by adopting a pairwise hybridization method;
s9, carrying out quality identification, disease index monitoring and anti-influenza classification identification on the bred Chinese cabbage hybrid with high virus resistance.
Example three:
the breeding method of the Chinese cabbage hybrid with high virus resistance is adopted to breed and plant the Chinese cabbage. The identification result of the planted Chinese cabbage plant is shown in fig. 2, wherein R in fig. 2 represents disease resistance, and HR represents high resistance, and the identification result of the disease indexes of virus diseases, downy mildew and soft rot shows that the disease resistance of the Chinese cabbage plant is obviously improved, and the disease indexes of downy mildew and soft rot are reduced to a certain extent.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the Chinese cabbages on the market at present, the method for breeding the Chinese cabbages with high virus resistance has the advantages of resisting virus diseases more easily, reducing the incidence probability of the Chinese cabbages, and identification results show that the disease indexes of the virus diseases, downy mildew and soft rot are obviously reduced, the high yield and stable yield of the Chinese cabbages are promoted, and the market prospect is wide.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. A breeding method of Chinese cabbage hybrid with high virus resistance is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, establishing a breeding target, and introducing Chinese cabbages from regions with similar ecotypes;
s2, selecting cabbage seeds with the leaf ball upper and the leaf body glossy, crisp and tender, compact leaf balls, and consistent nodulation shape and plant type size;
s3, further selfing and purifying the selected Chinese cabbage seeds, and breeding excellent self-incompatible line plant seeds;
s4, adopting flowering phase selfing and bud phase selfing to breed self-incompatible strains, and then breeding self-incompatible lines in the offspring by a mixed pollen pollination method;
s5, selecting 5-10 excellent single plants from the self-incompatible line Chinese cabbage variety with excellent virus resistance and good appearance quality, selecting 4-5 robust flowering branches before the plants bloom, sleeving paper bags on the flowering branches, taking pollen of the plants for pollination on the day of flowering, sleeving the paper bags again, and observing the flowering condition;
s6, removing the tops of the flowering branches without leaving buds, marking, investigating the pollination and fructification conditions in the flowering phase after the seeds are mature, and determining the affinity of the seeds;
s7, repeating the steps S5-S6 to carry out bud-phase selfing in the flowering phase, and breeding a female parent and a male parent of plant seeds with self-incompatibility, high antiviral property and stable property in different filial generations;
s8, selecting parents from the female parent and the male parent in different filial generations according to the target character of high virus resistance and stable character, and breeding the Chinese cabbage hybrid with high virus resistance by adopting a pairwise hybridization method;
s9, carrying out quality identification, disease index monitoring and anti-influenza classification identification on the bred Chinese cabbage hybrid with high virus resistance.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S1, when introducing the chinese cabbage in the ecotype-similar area, a small area introduction test is performed to determine whether it is suitable for promotion and avoid large loss of the following planting.
3. The method for breeding the hybrid of Chinese cabbage with high virus resistance as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step of selfing purification in S3 comprises three steps of seed soaking, vernalization and selfing pollination.
4. The method for breeding a hybrid cabbage with high virus resistance according to claim 1, wherein in S4, the inbred-incompatible strains are selected and selected according to the inbred index and the individual plant compatibility index of the reference line and the seed setting of the inbred in the bud stage and the inbred in the flower stage until the inbred-incompatible lines with stable inbred compatibility index are obtained.
5. The method for breeding a cabbage hybrid with high antiviral property as claimed in claim 1, wherein in S5, pollination is performed continuously for 2-3 times according to the observation of flowering, buds at the base and middle of the branch are selected, and pollination is performed for 45-55 flowers in a single plant flowering phase.
6. The method for breeding a hybrid of Chinese cabbage with high virus resistance according to claim 1, wherein in S6, during the selfing in flowering phase, 1-2 branches of the same individual are selected for bud-stage manual bud-peeling to expose the stigma, coated with bagged pollen of the same individual, and then wrapped with paper bags to ensure that the self-incompatible plants in flowering phase will keep their offspring.
7. The method for breeding the hybrid of Chinese cabbage with high antiviral property as claimed in claim 1, wherein in S7, the number of selfing in bud phase in the flowering phase is 4-5, and during the period, a single plant with small flower phase affinity index and large bud phase affinity index is selected for cultivation, thereby improving the stability of high antiviral property.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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