CN1144036A - Crossbreeding method for Chinese cabbage - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invetion belongs to the field of hybridized breed superiority utilization of Chinese cabbage. The self-imcompatibility line 3039 and the self-imcompatibility line 3319 are cross-bred to obtain the invented hybrid-strain. It has the advantages of early maturing, high yield, high-quality, thermoresistance, disease resisting and leaf head piling and hugging etc.

Description

The method of Chinese cabbage crossing breeding

The invention belongs to cabbage hybrid use of advantage field.

At present, the main path of cabbage hybrid use of advantage is to utilize self incompatible line preparing hybrid kind both at home and abroad.Japan utilizes self incompatible line the earliest since the beginning of the fifties, and since nineteen sixty-eight, self incompatible line becomes the major measure of domestic Chinese cabbage heterosis utilization gradually.Though the research of various places has improved Chinese cabbage heterosis utilization level to a certain extent, has increased the unit are hybrid seed yield, also there is not desirable parent's compound formulation at aspects such as the heat resistanceheat resistant of Chinese cabbage, precocity, output, qualities.

The objective of the invention is to utilize 3,319 two self incompatible lines hybridization of 3039 and high yield and high quality of heat resistanceheat resistant precocity, make precocity, heat resistanceheat resistant, disease-resistant, high yield and high quality, the folded first generation of hybrid of embracing of leaf-head.

Below be described in detail main contents of the present invention:

The present invention adopts 3319 liang of self incompatible line preparing hybrid kinds of 3039 and high yield and high quality of heat resistanceheat resistant, precocity first, and tests in a large number by in all parts of the country, has bred to have extensive adaptive new precocious Chinese cabbage.

(1) two parents' of the present invention the process of breeding and feature:

1,3039 self incompatible lines: nineteen eighty-two, we hybridized the variation individual plant of precocious material " early black leaf " with " early yellowish-white ", through 4 years 6 generations of 1983-1986 from giving selection, 1987-1988 heat resistanceheat resistant in 2 years identifies, select heat resistanceheat resistant, disease-resistant, have only 50 days self incompatible line 3039 vegetative period.This inbred line plant type is little, and siphonal lobe blade upper punch does not have hair, helps green white, and leaf-head OX-heart one is gently folded, about the high 15cm of ball, and about sphere diameter 10cm, viral diseases and soft rot, planting strain self-compatible index is about 0.5, it is gently little to plant pod, is difficult for bursting.

2,3319 self incompatible lines are to separate through the continuous multi-generation selfing with " Xi'an 123 ", form in seed selection in 1988.The outer leaf green of this inbred line, leaf group is green white, and leaf-head is folded to be embraced, and ball is high 25 centimetres, about 15 centimetres of sphere diameters, 60 days vegetative period, the big disease of Gao Kangsan.Plant the strain robust growth, pattern is deep yellow, index of affinity about 1.5.

(2) new the breeding and feature of 89-8 hybrid Chinese cabbage early of the present invention:

New 89-8 early is 3,319 two half-bloods that self incompatible line hybridization forms with 3039 and good quality and high output of heat resistanceheat resistant precocity.The outer leaf green of this crossbreed, the light wrinkle of the few hair in blade face, petiole is green white, the plant type compactness, 38 centimetres of plant heights, 50 centimetres of degree of development, ball is high 26 centimetres, and 18.5 centimetres of leaf-head diameters, spherical index are 1.4.Leaf-head tip circle, folded armful, short cylindrical, lobus cardiacus is pure white, and leaf group is thin, product are of fine quality, and single ball weighs about 2 kilograms, clean vegetables rate 73%.55-60 days vegetative period, about 4000 kilograms of per mu yield clean vegetables.Heat resistanceheat resistant, disease resistance are strong, mainly are suitable for the early sowing cultivation of autumn in summer, also are suitable for spring cultivation simultaneously, and every mu is stayed about seedling 3000 strains.The seed brown, thousand kernel weight 2-3 gram.

The present invention compares than prior art and has the following advantages:

One, precocious, high yield

New 89-8 early has only 55-60 days vegetative period, and the per mu yield clean vegetables is generally 4000 kilograms, and Gao Zheke reaches 5000 kilograms, and less assorted 56 increase production about 20%, have the characteristics of precocity, high yield.

Two, disease-resistant, stable yields

Two inbred lines of this kind are to select to form through strict selfing for many years under high temperature, super-humid conditions.It has the ability of high antiviral disease, downy mildew and soft rot, and good stable yields performance is arranged.As in the Chinese cabbage district examination morning of the continuous 5 years different stages in Henan Province, this variety yield precedence year after year the first, per mu yield is stabilized in about 4000 kilograms, than little assorted 56 volume increase 11-26%.The nineteen ninety-five Henan Province Xinxiang City institute of agricultural sciences is from 12 of domestic and international introduction early-maturing varieties, as: Japanese Xiayang, Korea S early Chinese cabbage, Xia Feng, precocious No. 5, early embrace 58 etc., after late August the washing away of two heavy rain, all are outer draws all death rays almost of kind, and new 89-8 early still obtains 3100 kilograms good harvest.

Three, balling consolidation, best in quality

This kind leaf-head is folded to be embraced, the balling consolidation, and the centre of sphere is pure white, and compare rare type best in quality belonging in the early-maturing variety, get consumer reception very much.

Four, fit long, wide accommodation of date of seeding

This kind not only is suitable for summer and autumn cultivation, also is suitable for spring cultivation.Xia Qiucong daily can sow to August 25 July 20, and product has just in time remedied the vegetables dull season in this period at late September supply the market successively just.Spring, protection ground cultivation can be grown seedlings in early March, the late March field planting, mid-May results, plastic mulching can in the early April protection grow seedlings, the late April field planting, early June supply the market.

Five, little, the instant effect of investment

The new 89-8 early of plantation investment is little, and product is caught up with listing in the dull season again, just can obtain very high economic benefit in short two months.

Introduce implementation process of the present invention below in detail:

New 89-8 early is 3039 and 3,319 two formulated half-bloods of self incompatible line breeding with this.In Henan area, parent 3319 in December 15 cold bed grow seedlings, parent 3039 grows seedlings in cold bed by the end of December, seedling is long to move into the land for growing field crops during to 7-8 sheet leaf (at the beginning of 3 months by the end of February), 3039 and 3319 row treats that than being 3: 2 or 2: 1 flowering stage is by honeybee open pollination.Behind the seed maturity, two parents mix to receive or single the receipts, the new 89-8 first generation of hybrid early.

Claims (1)

1. A kind of method of Chinese cabbage crossing breeding is characterized in that selecting for use the self incompatible line 3039 of heat resistanceheat resistant precocity and self incompatible line 3319 hybridization of high yield and high quality to breed crossbreed of new generation.