CN1090898C - Breeding method of orange-red-heart Chinese cabbage - Google Patents
Breeding method of orange-red-heart Chinese cabbage Download PDFInfo
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- CN1090898C CN1090898C CN99103404A CN99103404A CN1090898C CN 1090898 C CN1090898 C CN 1090898C CN 99103404 A CN99103404 A CN 99103404A CN 99103404 A CN99103404 A CN 99103404A CN 1090898 C CN1090898 C CN 1090898C
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Abstract
A method for breeding the hybridized orange-red cabbage features that the first-generation hybridized Beijing orange-red cabbage is prepared from 902361 as female parent and 91545 as male parent. The sowing difference period of seed production is as follows: the female parent 902361 is sowed 10 days earlier than the male parent 91545. The isolation distance of the seed production space is more than 1000 meters. The variety has orange core, disease resistance higher than that of introduced Japanese orange core, high quality, high yield, high commodity value and other advantages.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to crop hybrid superiority and utilize technical field, particularly the heterosis utilization technology of a kind of Chinese cabbage.
Background technology:
Chinese cabbage is that China originates in, and abundant in china natural resources, cultivation history is long.Plant the more country of Chinese cabbage in the world except China, also has Japan and Korea and Southeast Asia, be Japan to Chinese cabbage research country early in the world, just engage in the research of Chinese cabbage first generation of hybrid use of advantage as far back as the fifties, Japanese Chinese cabbage half-blood was popularized in the whole nation in 1966.It is very long that China engages in Chinese cabbage seed selection work history, but the past mainly is confined to vegetable grower's among the people general selection, the numerous landrace that are suitable for local ecotype have been formed for many years throughout the country, China's Chinese cabbage first generation of hybrid use of advantage research originates in the later stage sixties, the present patent application people is started in 1971, at that time because Beijing Chinese cabbage three big diseases are popular, output is extremely unstable, the normal underproduction 50% of famine year even total crop failure, have a strong impact on international reputation and people's lives, landrace can not adapt to the demand that social development and people's lives improve day by day far away, meanwhile country also pays much attention to the breeding work of Chinese cabbage, beginning State Scientific and Technological Commission and the Ministry of Agriculture from nineteen eighty-three just organizes national agri-scientific research advantage unit to carry out whole nation tackling key problem, since " six or five ", continued up to " 95 " tackling key problem at present, its main goal of attack is earlier by " disease-resistant high yield ", and then proposition " high-quality; disease-resistant; high yield ", has required " high-quality; how anti-; high yield " since " eight or five ".The present patent application people successively serves as Chinese cabbage special topic tackling key problem group Deputy Chief of Branch and group leader's work, has presided over special topic work since " eight or five " tackling key problem.
About the Chinese cabbage breeding for quality, past is because effects limit such as manpower, conditions, research both at home and abroad for many years seldom, relevant quality aspect mainly lays particular emphasis on the selection of exterior of commodity, Japan breeds " the orange heart " Chinese cabbage from the initial stage eighties, it is said the by product that obtains by Chinese cabbage and turnip hybridization when the anti-club root material of seed selection, but because of quality not so good, add the man-hour color and easily change, popularizing area is little so far.China also introduced a fine variety several times at that time, but Beijing weather conditions are far from suitable, this kind viral diseases ability, and also quality is bad, so can't directly use.Along with improving day by day and the development of the new situations of reforming and opening up to the outside world of living standards of the people, make our the demand that people are more and more high to Chinese cabbage of recognizing than morning, except making Chinese cabbage continue to increase at aspects such as resistance, ripe property, types, progressively reach and make outside Chinese cabbage series matching and the year-round supply, also should aspect quality, be greatly improved, make this popular important vegetables type of Chinese cabbage and nutrition more rich and varied, have more characteristic, and strive getting to the international market and get on.After the present patent application people rebuilds, owing to obtained Japanese nonreimbursable assistance, increased many modern equipment equipment, more strengthened our confidence and resolution breeding for quality.Nineteen ninety, we took up the innovation work in the orange heart, and, at first bred the Chinese cabbage new varieties in 1996 in China finally: " the orange heart in Beijing " with organizing this seed selection work of having planted ring institute cooperation development of culture studies chamber, nutritional quality research department, institute.
Summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is to cultivate outside the Chinese cabbage ball leaf salmon pink characteristics by seed selection work, have the half-blood of merits such as disease-resistant, best in quality, high yield again in order in China Chinese cabbage family, to increase a newtype.
The present invention is achieved in that
The selection of a kind of orange core white dish crossbreed, the stable self incompatible line of selecting through the selfing of five generations with the offsprings of 90382 disease-resistant hybridization of the orange heart of Japan and high-quality is maternal, with the offsprings of 91332 disease-resistant hybridization of the orange heart of Japan and high-quality through two generations of selfing by the microspore screening after, selfing selects that to stablize self incompatible line be male parent again, hybridizes the preparation half-blood.
Sowing time difference for seed production is: maternal than male parent planting early enough 10 days.Production of hybrid seeds distance isolation distance is more than 1000 meters.
Seed selection process and parental source are as follows:
This kind is by the not affine seed selection approach of selfing preparation Chinese cabbage half-blood, is to adopt conventional breeding and Isolated microspore to cultivate new technology and breed." the orange heart " Chinese cabbage and disease-resistant material 90382 hybridization of high-quality that one of parent 902361 utilizes Japan to introduce in nineteen ninety by conventional selfed breeding means, are bred stable self incompatible line in nineteen ninety-five.Another parent 91545 (T12) utilized Japan to introduce in 1991 " the orange heart " Chinese cabbage and disease-resistant material 91332 hybridization of high-quality by the selfing screening, then adopt the microspore advanced technology to breed stable self incompatible line in 1994 earlier.1996 through combining ability test seed selection success.
Parents' principal character characteristic:
Parents all have the characteristics of the orange heart, and one of parent is 85 days 902361 vegetative period, and plant type half is upright, siphonal lobe is dark green, and 9～10, the blade face wrinkle, petiole is green, and the leaf-head ball-type is folded armful an of king-pile, better resistance, in 75～80 days 91545 vegetative period of another parent, plant type half is upright, and siphonal lobe is green, 7～8, wrinkle slightly in the blade face, and petiole is light green, leaf-head is folded armful an of king-pile, anti-disease.
Advantage of the present invention and good effect are as follows:
1, this kind has kept the characteristics of this Chinese cabbage type fully, ball leaf orange colour, shine a few minutes in the sun after the incision, darken, the characteristics that are salmon pink, disease resistance improves a lot than former Japan cultivars, past Japan's " the orange heart " kind, due to illness viral disease is serious and plant not come out every year the present patent application people experimental field continuous three, and " the orange heart in Beijing " of the present invention experimental field showing better, can fully show its good characteristic, plant ring institute to carry out the disease resistance qualification result be virus resistance disease through the Beijing City Agriculture and Forestry Institute, high downy mildew resistance, anti-black spot and black rot (seeing Table one).
2, this variety and quality is good: the individual neat and consistent in field, and the balling consolidation is through the present patent application people quality analysis room measurement result: moisture 92.51%; Vc30.6mg/100 restrains fresh weight; Bata-carotene 0.26mg/100 restrains fresh weight; Reducing sugar 2.42%; Crude protein 0.91%; Neutral fibre 0.44%.Nutritional quality mensuration is carried out to 45 parts of Chinese cabbage materials in this chamber in addition, no matter its result is organic or inorganic nutrition content, the most mean values that surpass of orange heart content, wherein Vc, bata-carotene, potassium, phosphorus, iron, manganese all hold pride of place, and its nutrition content of overall merit is kind (seeing Table two) the highest in the Chinese cabbage, ball leaf salmon pink, beautiful in colour, mouthfeel is tender and crisp, is particularly suitable for eating raw cold and dressed with sauce or cooks soup.Breeding of this kind caused production unit and civic concern, numerous and confused calling requires to introduce a fine variety, suburb special vegetable producing region particularly, plantation enthusiasm is very high, at present it is recommended hotel, restaurant and becomes one of kind of gift dish in red-letter day, also begin understanding through propagating some citizen, can become one of care nutritious vegetable soon, promotion prospect is wide.
3,80～85 days vegetative period of this kind, plant type half is upright, and siphonal lobe is green, 9, the petiole green, the leaf-head king-pile is folded embraces ball-type index 1.8, the balling consolidation, its type is suitable for ground production and consumption customs such as Beijing, Hebei, and yielding ability is also better, and the individual plant net weight is 2.2 kilograms after measured, per mu yield is about 5500 kilograms, and the clean vegetables rate is 82%.No. 106 increased production 5～10% at the center variety comparative test than Beijing through 96,97 years.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is parent's 902361 breeding line spectrograms
Fig. 2 is parent's 91545 breeding line spectrograms
Fig. 3 is the orange heart hybridization in Beijing figure
Embodiment:
Narrate embodiments of the invention below:
The present invention is 902361 being female parent, and 91545 is the orange heart first generation cross-fertilize seed in male parent preparation Beijing.
1, seeding technique main points:
This kind at first will be prepared pure half-blood seed at isolating points spring; to require to implement in strict accordance with breeding; the Beijing area generally late December to unit beginning of the month in protection ground (cold bed or greenhouse) intermission seeding grow seedlings (parent's 902361 to 91545 early sowing 10 days); 2～3 true leaves divide seedling; 7～8 true leaves are (in 3 months; the last ten-days period) be colonizated in open country; preferably adopt plastic mulching during field planting; plantation density can be grasped about 4000 strains; the point of require collecting seed is separated by more than 1000 meters with liable to cross crop in cruciferae on every side; also require flower synchronization; florescence Pollinating Insect (honeybee or wild bee) is more; soil fertility requires comprehensive and sufficient, except using sufficient high-quality base fertilizer, also need enrich phosphorus; potash fertilizer; to in time carry out water management, could obtain the high-quality half-blood.
2, culture technique main points:
This kind generally should be sowed before and after the beginning of autumn in Beijing and area, Hebei, distance between rows and hills is 60 * 43 centimetres (1.8 * 1.3 chis), should select fertile soil during plantation, well-drained neutral loam cultivation is for well, preceding stubble preferably is not a crop in cruciferae, sow and to execute 2500～4000 kilograms of high-quality base fertilizer as last, want timely final singling and intertill and clean tillage, the applied nitrogen ratio was by 2: 3: 3: the 2 fen fourth phase (base manure, rosette stage, wrap heart stage, wrap the phase in the heart) 22～24 kilograms of nitrogen topdressing total amounts, looking weather condition vegetative period generally waters 6～8 times, be also noted that prevention and elimination of disease and pests in seedling stage and rosette stage, at the beginning of 11 months, gather by the end of October, gather after preserve and to be fed to next year 2 always, March.
The indoor disease resistance qualification result of table one
| Virus disease (TuMV) | Downy mildew | Black spot | Black rot | |
| Index of affinity | 44.81 | 8.02 | 14.97 | 25.73 |
| Sort out | T | HR | R | R |
Table two " the orange heart in Beijing " nutrition contains scale (extracts)
| Become sub-item | Moisture (%) | Vc mg/100g fresh weight | VE mg/100g fresh weight | Bata-carotene mg/100g fresh weight | Neutral detergent fiber (%) |
| Orange heart content | 92.51 | 30.60 | 0.29 | 0.26 | 0.44 |
| Average content | 95.13 | 19.54 | 0.35 | 0.06 | 0.62 |
| Difference | -2.62 | 11.06 | -0.06 | 0.20 | -0.18 |
| Precedence | 1 | 1 |
| The composition project | Potassium mg/100 g dry weight | Sodium mg/100 g dry weight | Calcium mg/100 g dry weight | Magnesium mg/100 g dry weight | Phosphorus mg/100 g dry weight | Copper mg/100 g dry weight | Iron mg/100 g dry weight | Zinc mg/100 g dry weight | Manganese mg/100 g dry weight | Strontium mg/100 g dry weight |
| Orange heart content | 272.16 | 15.68 | 69.01 | 16.50 | 56.74 | 0.088 | 1.22 | 0.293 | 0.209 | 0.287 |
| Average content * | 159.3 | 34.43 | 60.95 | 12.28 | 42.07 | 0.045 | 0.539 | 0.175 | 0.122 | 0.337 |
| Difference | 112.9 | -18.75 | 8.06 | 4.22 | 14.67 | 0.04 | 0.68 | 0.12 | 0.09 | -0.05 |
| Precedence | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
* 45 parts of material average contents
Claims (1)
1, the selection of a kind of orange core white dish crossbreed, it is characterized in that: the stable self incompatible line of selecting through the selfing of five generations with the offsprings of 90382 disease-resistant hybridization of the Japanese orange heart and high-quality is maternal, with the offsprings of 91332 disease-resistant hybridization of the orange heart of Japan and high-quality through two generations of selfing by the microspore screening after, selfing selects that to stablize self incompatible line be male parent again, hybridizes the preparation half-blood.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN99103404A CN1090898C (en) | 1999-03-26 | 1999-03-26 | Breeding method of orange-red-heart Chinese cabbage |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN99103404A CN1090898C (en) | 1999-03-26 | 1999-03-26 | Breeding method of orange-red-heart Chinese cabbage |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN1227045A CN1227045A (en) | 1999-09-01 |
| CN1090898C true CN1090898C (en) | 2002-09-18 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN99103404A Expired - Fee Related CN1090898C (en) | 1999-03-26 | 1999-03-26 | Breeding method of orange-red-heart Chinese cabbage |
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Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1144036A (en) * | 1996-05-27 | 1997-03-05 | 河南省新乡市农业科学研究所 | Crossbreeding method for Chinese cabbage |
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1999
- 1999-03-26 CN CN99103404A patent/CN1090898C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1144036A (en) * | 1996-05-27 | 1997-03-05 | 河南省新乡市农业科学研究所 | Crossbreeding method for Chinese cabbage |
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