CN110073968A - A kind of fast breeding method of high oily salt tolerant peanut - Google Patents
A kind of fast breeding method of high oily salt tolerant peanut Download PDFInfo
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- CN110073968A CN110073968A CN201910366546.1A CN201910366546A CN110073968A CN 110073968 A CN110073968 A CN 110073968A CN 201910366546 A CN201910366546 A CN 201910366546A CN 110073968 A CN110073968 A CN 110073968A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/40—Fabaceae, e.g. beans or peas
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/04—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of fast breeding method of high oily salt tolerant peanut, breeding method of the invention includes: that high oil bloom are raw to be used as male parent using high-yield peanut as female parent, is hybridized；Using the seed after hybridization as female parent, salt tolerant peanut carries out second of hybridization as male parent and reestablishes diplomatic relations, and the seed sowing harvest after hybridization obtains the peanut seed of the high oil of high yield；Salt Tolerance is carried out again；Obtain the high oily salt-resistance strain of high yield.The advantages of present invention is that composite-crossings are carried out using high-yield variety and 3 life of high oil bloom, salt tolerant peanut parents, offspring energy polyase 13 parent；And from the high yield single plant of selection, simple grain screens high oil content amount and salt tolerant seed, can accomplish directed screening, and the seed of non-high oil, non-salt tolerant is eliminated, workload is reduced, thus the financial resources that use manpower and material resources sparingly；Present invention combination Hainan adds generation and sunlight vinyl house, can plant for 3 generations every year, and the breeding time than general kind shortens 4 years.High oil content amount and salt tolerant seed are selected, can accomplish directed screening, the seed of non-high oil, non-salt tolerant is eliminated, workload is reduced, thus the financial resources that use manpower and material resources sparingly；Present invention combination Hainan adds generation and sunlight vinyl house, can plant for 3 generations every year, and the breeding time than general kind shortens 4 years.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to new peanut variety Cultivating techniques fields, and in particular to a kind of quickly breeding side of high oily salt tolerant peanut
Method.
Background technique
China is edible oil country in short supply.More than 3,100 ten thousand tons of edible oil consumption in 2017,10,770,000 tons of self-produced edible oil, from
It is only 35% or so to rate；18,200,000 tons of peanut total yield, account for the 48% of oil crops total yield；50% uses as oil.So cultivating
High oil new varieties are always the key issues of peanut breeding；At present the new peanut variety of 55% or more breeding oil content as
Main research and high oily performance assessment criteria.But oily high-yield peanut variety high at present is in short supply.In addition, China's Coastal Areas soil salt
Stainization is serious, and China is the insufficient country in arable land again, how to make good use of salt-soda soil, increases arable land usable floor area, is related to state's meter
The people's livelihood, most efficient method are plantation salt-enduring cultivars.But the shortage of current salt-enduring cultivars, constrains the effective use in salt-soda soil.
Therefore, the high oily salt tolerant peanut varieties of high yield are cultivated and efficiently use salt-soda soil to edible oil pressure in short supply is slowed down, expand arable land
Area important in inhibiting.
Summary of the invention
Status and salt-enduring cultivars for current edible oil shortage lack, the difficulty that salt-soda soil can not efficiently use, this
The fast breeding method that invention provides a kind of high oily salt tolerant peanut can be used for quickly obtaining using technical solution of the present invention
Obtain the peanut varieties of floorboard with high oil content and salt tolerant.
For achieving the above object, the present invention is achieved by the following scheme:
The present invention provides a kind of fast breeding method of high oily salt tolerant peanut, the breeding method the following steps are included:
(1) select high-yield peanut as female parent, high oil bloom are raw to be used as male parent, is seeded in sunlight plastics March in First Year
Greenhouse, First Year start to bloom April；1 week defloration early period bloomed, starts to hybridize after a week, obtains hybrid seed；
(2) using hybrid seed as female parent, salt tolerant peanut is seeded in sunlight plastics as male parent, First Year early and middle ten days in July
Greenhouse；Start to bloom after 1 month, 1 week defloration early period bloomed starts to hybridize after a week；Harvest F1For seed, it is exposed to the sun；
(3) by F1Sanya is seeded in November for seed First Year, and second year is mature by the end of February to harvest single plant pod, that is, F2Generation kind
Son is exposed to the sun；
(4) by F2Be seeded in sunlight vinyl house by plant second year March for seed, second year early and middle ten days in July at
The single plant harvest that selection result is more, pod is neat after ripe, is exposed to the sun；Pod seed, that is, F of the high yield single plant of harvest3For seed, adopt
Single seed oil content is measured near infrared spectrometer, the seed for reaching the high oil standard of 55% oil content is selected；
(5) the selected oily peanut seed of height vernalization in 0.7% NaCl solution is subjected to Salt Tolerance, seed after 1 week
Germination, root long is equal with seed or is more than the long as high oily salt tolerant F of seed3For seed, the seed not germinateed is eliminated；
(6) by the F of the oily salt tolerant of the height of screening3For seed, second year is seeded in sunlight vinyl house July；Harvest time choosing
Select the neat single plant pod i.e. F of high yield, pod4For seed, pod is exposed to the sun；The F of selection4For single plant pod seed, near-infrared measurement
Single seed oil content, oil content be more than 55% seed it is selected；
(7) by the high oily salt tolerant F4It is sowed in Sanya by plant for seed second year November, harvest time selection result
More, pod is neat high yield single plant pod, that is, F5For seed, it is exposed to the sun；
(8) F that May in third year will be selected in5Single-strain seed is divided into 2 parts, and portion is planted in non-saline and alkaline ground by plant, into
The screening of row high yield；Another is planted on the salt-soda soil of salt content 0.36-0.5% by plant, and Salt Tolerance is carried out；Breeding time and
Harvest time observation, according to observation on non-salt-soda soil and salt-soda soil as a result, selection neat and consistent, high yield, high oil, salt-resistance strain；
(9) selected Sanya breeding in November in strain third year；It is exposed to the sun to obtain the raw strain of high yield, salt tolerant, high oil bloom after harvest
System.
It is further: the hybridization step in the step (1) and step (2) are as follows: to remove on maternal plant the at dusk daily
The anther of two days buds that will be bloomed, petal upper end are gently rubbed together, and effect is to prevent foreign pollen from pollinating；Second day early
On the pollen of male parent is taken with tweezers, the column cap for removing anther to the previous day is pollinated.
Further: the hybridization persistently carries out -20 days 10 days.
Further: the time of the exposure is 7-10 days.
Further: the per mu yield as maternal high-yield peanut in the step (1) is 370-470 kilograms.
Further: seed prior to seeding, need to be dressed seed with pesticide in the step (1), (7) and (9).
Further: peanut seed impregnates 4 hours in 0.7% salting liquid in the step (5), and seed is made to suction water
Point.
Further: peanut seed is in 0.7% NaCl solution in vernalization Salt Tolerance 1 week in the step (5), often
The NaCl solution of its replacement 0.7%.
It is further: to plant peanut on salt-soda soil in the step (8), apply 100 jin of calcareous fertilisers per acre.
It is further: 80 centimetres of the row spacing of the sowing, every 2 row of ridge planting, 16.7 centimetres of spacing in the rows.
Compared with prior art, advantages of the present invention and have the technical effect that general cross breeding is 2 parents, only
The advantages of 2 parents can be polymerize；It is menu strain in progeny selection, i.e., is selected as unit of whole seeds of 1 single plant, in quality
It cannot be oriented selection in terms of breeding, because hybrid seed offspring, through being selfed, the gene of the seed on same plant are
Different, such as high oil and high parent's hybridization, the seed on the same plant of offspring has high oil, also has low oil；1 year
Only plantation a generation, breeding year limit for length.
And the present invention is, salt tolerant peanut 3 parents progress composite-crossings raw using high-yield variety and high oil bloom, offspring can gather
The advantages of closing 3 parents；And from F2Generation (F3For seed) start, from the high yield single plant of selection, simple grain screens high oil content amount
With salt tolerant seed, namely screening be single seed, be not to be selected as unit of whole seeds of 1 single plant, can do in this way
To directed screening, the seed of non-high oil, non-salt tolerant is eliminated, workload is reduced, thus the financial resources that use manpower and material resources sparingly；Knot of the present invention
It closes Hainan and adds generation and sunlight vinyl house, can plant for 3 generations every year, the breeding time than general kind shortens 4 years.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the progeny seed of vernalization 7 days composite-crossing kinds in 0.7%NaCl solution, wherein 1 seed reaches germination
Standard.
Fig. 2 is that the flower of vernalization 7 days in 0.7%NaCl solution educates No. 20 seeds, is all not up to germination standard.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Embodiment 1
The breeding methods of floorboard with high oil content salt tolerant peanut varieties described in the present embodiment the following steps are included:
1, the selection of parent with hybridize:
Floorboard with high oil content Silk channel injection T-59 (germ plasm resource, oil content 56.9%, 305 kilograms per acre of Pod Yield) is selected to make
For male parent, the high-yield peanut variety Shandong promoted at present spends No. 11, and (commercial product, oil content 52.0%, Pod Yield are 456 public per acre
Jin) as female parent, First Year March, plantation was hybridized in sunlight vinyl house.First Year early and middle ten days in July harvest cenospecies,
It is exposed to the sun.
The hybrid process is as follows:
(1) maternal to spend 1 week without hybridizing from first meeting before hybridizing, the flower removed out daily.
(2) flowering stage starts to hybridize after a week.Remove on maternal plant second day bud that will be bloomed at dusk daily
Anther, petal upper end are gently rubbed together, and effect is to prevent foreign pollen from pollinating.
The next morning takes the pollen of male parent with tweezers, and the column cap for removing anther to the previous day is pollinated.Daily pollination time
Depending on weather, general sun-drenched weather starts to take pollen and pollination 7 points or so of morning；Cloudy or cloudy weather need to push away
The time of pollen and pollination is taken late.It is burst depending on shedding pollen according to anther when taking pollen.The good daily every plant of female parent of postscript of pollinating
Number is spent in pollination.
(3) after pollinating 10 days, the flower of pollination grows gynophore from branch, and gynophore fastens cotton rope, and label is the gynophore of hybridization.
Because the blastular of peanut is on branch, without taking.After pollination, pollen tube growth, spermatid enters on branch along pollen tube
Blastular carries out fertilization process.Therefore, gynophore is grown from branch.
(4) several and group size is spent according to pollination, determines pollination expired date.After pollination, bud, prevention are extractd
Non- allocarpy is obscured with allocarpy.After 10 days can no longer defloration flower bud because hybridization gynophore has been grown, fastening cotton rope can be marked
Note.
(5) pod of anchor line (string) rope is harvested after maturation.
(6) it after harvesting, is exposed to the sun 7-10 days.The purpose being exposed to the sun is breaking dormancy.
2, the hybrid seed after being exposed to the sun is as maternal, Salinity tolerance germplasm T-19 (germ plasm resource, oil content 50.02%, pod production
312 kilograms per acre of amount) it is used as male parent, it is i.e. compound to carry out second of hybridization in sunlight vinyl house for the plantation of First Year mid or late July
Hybridization.Hybrid process of the hybrid process with step 1.Pod (the F of anchor line (string) rope is harvested after maturation1For seed), exposure.
3, the pod (F of composite-crossing is harvested1For seed), it is exposed to the sun, First Year November is sowed in Sanya, and second year 2 months
By single plant harvest pod (F2 is for seed), be exposed to the sun 7-10 for bottom or (depending on the winter temperature of Sanya, day heat is mature early) at the beginning of 3 months
It.
(1) sandy loam is selected in sunlight vinyl house or Sanya plantation, because peanut is geocarpic, needs soil aeration
It is good, it is as a result more and be not easy decayed fruit.If soil stickiness is big, aeration is poor, influences pod breathing, so that yield is influenced, and if
Late growth stage rainwater is big, can be because of decayed fruit caused by unsmooth breath.
Soil application before sowing, (each 15%) of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is ploughed smooth for 100 jin of compound fertilizers per acre.
(2) before the sowing of Sanya, seed needs to be sowed with pesticide, because mouse is more in the ground of Sanya, to prevent mouse from eating seed,
Any pesticide big but sub injuring-free seed with taste.
(3) bedder- planter, 80 centimetres of row spacing, every 2 row of ridge planting, 16.7 centimetres of spacing in the rows.
(4) after planting covering film, can use the medicine film with herbicide；Or covering film after sprinkling herbicide.
(5) timely rupture of membranes after emerging, makes seedling expose mulch, morning or dusk rupture of membranes, and prevention and treatment noon rupture of membranes sunlight is too strong
Calcination seedling.
(6) it waters in time when arid, especially florescence is unable to water shortage.In addition to sunlight vinyl house, plant in the flower in crop field
It is raw to pay attention to the multiple rows of flood of rainwater.It plants in sunlight vinyl house, notices that greenhouse noon leaks informaton, avoid noon temperature excessively high.
(7) it harvests in time, avoids harvest germination or decayed fruit too late.
(8) harvest pod is exposed to the sun, and effect is breaking dormancy.
4, harvest be exposed to the sun after single-strain seed (F2For seed), second year is seeded in sunlight vinyl house March, and second
Year early and middle ten days in July harvest.High yield single plant (the F that harvest time selection result is more, pod is neat3For seed).Single plant (the F of selection3Generation
Seed) after pod is exposed to the sun, seed is stripped, single seed oil content is measured using near infrared spectrometer.It selects floorboard with high oil content (>=55%)
Seed.
5, by peanut seed vernalization in 0.7% NaCl solution of selected height oil, Tolerant salt is carried out.
When vernalization, 1 filter paper is first padded into culture dish bottom, seed is placed on filter paper, in addition 0.7% salting liquid, makes molten
Liquid " covers " seed, impregnates 4 hours, seed is made to suction moisture.
(1) remove salting liquid, in culture dish plus new 0.7%NaCl solution is a little, prevents seed dehydration drying shrinkage, daily
The NaCl solution of replacement 0.7%.
In (2) 0.7% NaCl solution after vernalization 7 days, the seed of germination is chosen, the standard of germination is root long >=seed
Long, as salt tolerant seed is rinsed with clear water, eliminates the seed for the not salt tolerant of not germinateing.
6, the seed (F of the oily salt tolerant germination of the height of screening3Generation), second year mid or late July is seeded in sunlight vinyl house.It receives
Obtain the neat single plant (F of phase selection high yield, pod4For pod seed), pod is exposed to the sun.
7, the F selected4For single plant pod seed, near-infrared measures single seed oil content, select floorboard with high oil content (>=
55%) single seed, second year November are sowed in Sanya by plant, third year 2, harvest time in March selection single plant yield be high,
Neat single plant (the F of pod5For pod seed), it is exposed to the sun.
8, the F after being exposed to the sun5For seed, oil content is measured using near-infrared, the high single-strain seed of oil content (>=55%), the
It is divided into 2 parts in May, 3, a to plant in non-saline and alkaline ground by plant, progress high yield screening；Another is in salt content 0.36-
It is planted on 0.5% salt-soda soil by plant, carries out Tolerant salt.Breeding time and harvest time observation, the plant no longer separated is mixed to be received
Pod.It selects non-saline and alkaline real estate amount high, and the plant that salt tolerance is strong on salt-soda soil mixes, forms strain.Continue breeding and reality
It tests.
9, selected Sanya breeding in November in strain third year.
10, the seed of the high yield of Sanya breeding, high oil, salt-resistance strain, in May, the 4th is divided into 2 parts, respectively non-saline and alkaline
Variety test and Salt tolerance are carried out on ground and the salt-soda soil of salt content 0.36-0.5%.As a result such as table 1.Non- salt-soda soil is raw
The peanut seed of production delivers Ministry of Agriculture's oil plant and quality of item supervision and inspection center test seed oil content, as a result such as table 1.
As can be seen from Table 1, in non-saline and alkaline ground, 449~463 kilograms of the per mu yield pod of 3 peanut new lines, with high parent Shandong flower
No. 11 456 kilograms of per mu yield pod without significant difference, L 33-1-1-5 performance yield highest；And in the salt of salt content 0.36-0.5%
Alkali ground, 3 421~432 kilograms of new lines per mu yield pods, and it is only 227 kilograms that No. 11 yield are spent in Shandong, yield is up to strain
L 33-1-1-5.Oil content testing result, it is 52.0% that parent, which spends Shandong No. 11, and 3 strain oil content are 55.8%-
56.8%, reach high oil standard.
The present invention utilizes sunlight vinyl house, and in conjunction with Sanya, 1 year 3 generation, the breeding time than general kind shortens 4 years.
Table 1 is bred as peanut strain and No. 11 yield, oil content are spent in high parent Shandong
Embodiment 2
The breeding methods of floorboard with high oil content salt tolerant peanut varieties described in the present embodiment the following steps are included:
1, high yield granule peanut varieties flower is selected to educate No. 20 (oil content 49.5%, 386 kilograms per acre of Pod Yield) conducts
Female parent, high oil bloom green material T 31 (oil content 57.1%, 298 kilograms per acre of Pod Yield) is used as male parent, First Year March
Sunlight vinyl house is sowed, First Year starts to bloom April.1 week defloration early period bloomed, starts to hybridize after a week.It is miscellaneous
Work of handing over carries out 20 days, and 10 days later, daily to extract the flower for falling and newly opening, hybridization gynophore fastens cotton rope.First Year early and middle ten days in July at
After ripe, pod is harvested, the pod for selecting anchor line (string) rope is allocarpy, because the flower after extracing flower 10 days can also be as a result, be not
The pod of anchor line (string) rope.It is exposed to the sun.
2, using hybrid seed as female parent, (oil content 50.1%, Pod Yield are 301 public per acre by salt tolerant peanut material T 58
Jin) it is used as male parent, it is seeded in sunlight vinyl house First Year ten days mid or late July.Start to bloom after 1 month, the early period bloomed 1
All deflorations start to hybridize (composite-crossing) after a week.Crossing work carries out 20 days, 10 days later, daily to extract the flower for falling and newly opening,
Hybridization gynophore fastens cotton rope.After maturation, pod is harvested, the pod for selecting anchor line (string) rope is allocarpy, because after extracing flower 10 days
Flower can also be as a result, being the pod of non-anchor line (string) rope.It is exposed to the sun.F is obtained altogether1For 43, seed.
3,43 F1For seed, Sanya is sowed First Year November, second year is mature by the end of February to harvest 43 single plant pod (F2
For seed), it is exposed to the sun.
4,43 single plant pod (F2For seed), sunlight vinyl house is sowed at the beginning of second year 3 months, it is mature at the beginning of second year 7 months.
Harvest time, selection result was more from 43 plants, pod is neat single plant 16.It is exposed to the sun.
The pod seed of 16 high yield single plants measures every seed oil content, 216 seed oil contents using near infrared spectrometer
More than 55%, reach high oil standard.
5, by this 216 seeds in 0.7% NaCl solution vernalization carry out Tolerant salt, 63 germinations after 1 week,
I.e. root long is equal with seed or is more than that seed is long (as shown in Figure 1).High yield flower of female parent as control educates No. 20, does not germinate
Seed (as shown in Figure 2).
6, the seed (F of the height oil, 63 grain germinations of salt tolerant of screening3For seed), second year mid or late July is seeded in sunlight
Vinyl house.4 (F of single plant that harvest time selects high yield, pod neat4For pod seed), pod is exposed to the sun.
4 F of selection4For single plant pod seed, near-infrared measures the oil content of every seed, 56 seed floorboard with high oil content
More than 55%.
7, this 56 seeds are sowed second year November in Sanya, the high yield that harvest time selection result is more, pod is neat
18 (F of single plant5For pod seed), it is exposed to the sun.
8,18 F being exposed to the sun5For single plant pod seed, it is respectively classified into 2 parts May in third year, portion is in non-saline and alkaline ground
It is planted by plant, carries out high yield screening；Another is planted on the salt-soda soil of salt content 0.36-0.5% by plant, and salt tolerant is carried out
Screening.Breeding time and harvest time observation, the plant no longer separated is mixed to receive pod.Select non-saline and alkaline real estate amount height, pod neat, and
And the strong plant of salt tolerance totally 4 on salt-soda soil, form strain.This 4 high yields, high oil, salt-resistance strain, continue breeding and reality
It tests.
9, selected Sanya breeding in 4 November in strain third year.After harvest, it is exposed to the sun.
10, the high yield, salt tolerant of Sanya breeding, high oily strain 4 strains seed, be divided into 2 parts within the 4th year, respectively non-
Variety test and Salt tolerance are carried out on salt-soda soil and the salt-soda soil of salt content 0.36-0.5%.As a result such as table 2.It is non-saline and alkaline
The peanut seed of ground production delivers Ministry of Agriculture's oil plant and quality of item supervision and inspection center test seed oil content.By table 2
As can be seen that 379~399 kilograms of the per mu yield pod of 4 peanut new lines is spent with high parent and educates No. 20 in non-saline and alkaline ground
406 kilograms of per mu yield pod without significant difference, H 9-3-1-3 performance yield highest；And in the salt-soda soil of salt content 0.36-0.5%
On, 4 362~383 kilograms of new lines per mu yield pods, and it is only 182 kilograms that flower, which educates No. 20 yield, yield is up to strain H 9-
3-1-3.Oil content testing result, parent Hua Yu 20 are 49.5%, and 4 strain oil content are 55.3%-57.0%, are reached
To high oil standard.
11, according to test result, the strain H 9-3-1-3 of high yield, high oil, salt tolerant, participation Liaoning provinces and regions in 2016 are selected
Domain test, average pod production is than control white sand 1016 volume increase 9.6%, and seed benevolence yield is than the volume increase of white sand 1,016 13.96%,
Apply for non-principal variety of crops registration.
Table 2 is bred as peanut strain and high parent spends and educates No. 20 yield, oil content
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than is limited；Although referring to aforementioned reality
Applying example, invention is explained in detail, for those of ordinary skill in the art, still can be to aforementioned implementation
Technical solution documented by example is modified or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features；And these are modified or replace
It changes, the spirit and scope for claimed technical solution of the invention that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of fast breeding method of high oily salt tolerant peanut, it is characterised in that: the breeding method the following steps are included:
(1) select high-yield peanut as female parent, high oil bloom are raw to be used as male parent, sunlight vinyl house is seeded in March in First Year,
First Year starts to bloom April；1 week defloration early period bloomed, starts to hybridize after a week, obtains hybrid seed；
(2) using hybrid seed as female parent, salt tolerant peanut is seeded in sunlight vinyl house as male parent, First Year early and middle ten days in July；
Start to bloom after 1 month, 1 week defloration early period bloomed starts to hybridize after a week；Harvest F1For seed, it is exposed to the sun；
(3) by F1Sanya is seeded in November for seed First Year, and second year is mature by the end of February to harvest single plant pod, that is, F2For seed, cruelly
It shines；
(4) by F2It is seeded in sunlight vinyl house by plant second year March for seed, is selected after second year early and middle ten days in July are mature
The single plant harvest that result is more, pod is neat is selected, is exposed to the sun；Pod seed, that is, F of the high yield single plant of harvest3For seed, using close red
Outer instrument measures single seed oil content, and the seed for reaching the high oil standard of 55% oil content is selected；
(5) the selected oily peanut seed of height vernalization in 0.7% NaCl solution is subjected to Salt Tolerance, germination after 1 week,
Root long is equal with seed or is more than the long as high oily salt tolerant F of seed3For seed, the seed not germinateed is eliminated；
(6) by the F of the oily salt tolerant of the height of screening3For seed, second year is seeded in sunlight vinyl house July；Harvest time selection is high
It produces, single plant pod, that is, F that pod is neat4For seed, pod is exposed to the sun；The F of selection4For single plant pod seed, near-infrared measures simple grain
Seed oil content, oil content be more than 55% seed it is selected；
(7) by the high oily salt tolerant F4It is sowed in Sanya by plant for seed second year November, harvest time selection result is more, pod
The neat high yield single plant pod, that is, F of fruit5For seed, it is exposed to the sun；
(8) F that May in third year will be selected in5Single-strain seed is divided into 2 parts, and a to plant in non-saline and alkaline ground by plant, progress is high
Produce screening；Another is planted on the salt-soda soil of salt content 0.36-0.5% by plant, and Salt Tolerance is carried out；Breeding time and harvest
Phase observation, according to observation on non-salt-soda soil and salt-soda soil as a result, selection neat and consistent, high yield, high oil, salt-resistance strain；
(9) selected Sanya breeding in November in strain third year；It is exposed to the sun to obtain the raw strain of high yield, salt tolerant, high oil bloom after harvest.
2. the fast breeding method of high oily salt tolerant peanut according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step (1) and
Hybridization step in step (2) are as follows: remove the anther of second day bud that will be bloomed on maternal plant at dusk daily, on petal
End is gently rubbed together, and effect is to prevent foreign pollen from pollinating；The next morning takes the pollen of male parent with tweezers, goes to the previous day
Fall the column cap pollination of anther.
3. the fast breeding method of high oily salt tolerant peanut according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the hybridization continue into
Row -20 days 10 days.
4. the fast breeding method of high oily salt tolerant peanut according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the time of the exposure
It is 7-10 days.
5. the fast breeding method of high oily salt tolerant peanut according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the step (1)
The per mu yield as maternal high-yield peanut be 370-470 kilograms.
6. the fast breeding method of high oily salt tolerant peanut according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step (1),
(7) and in (9) seed prior to seeding, need to be dressed seed with pesticide.
7. the fast breeding method of high oily salt tolerant peanut according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the step (5)
Peanut seed impregnates 4 hours in 0.7% salting liquid, and seed is made to suction moisture.
8. the fast breeding method of high oily salt tolerant peanut according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the step (5)
Peanut seed in vernalization Salt Tolerance 1 week, replaces 0.7% NaCl solution in 0.7% NaCl solution daily.
9. the fast breeding method of high oily salt tolerant peanut according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the step (8)
Peanut is planted on salt-soda soil, applies 100 jin of calcareous fertilisers per acre.
10. the fast breeding method of high oily salt tolerant peanut according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the ridge of the sowing
Away from 80 centimetres, every 2 row of ridge planting, 16.7 centimetres of spacing in the rows.
Priority Applications (1)
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| CN109618922A (en) * | 2019-01-08 | 2019-04-16 | 青岛农业大学 | One screening technique for cultivating peanut the insensitive mutant of salt tolerant ethylene |
| CN113455380A (en) * | 2021-08-05 | 2021-10-01 | 山东青农产业发展有限公司 | Cultivation method of salt-tolerant high-oil high-oleic acid peanut variety |
| CN113455387A (en) * | 2021-08-06 | 2021-10-01 | 山东青农产业发展有限公司 | Screening method of high-oil high-oleic acid salt-resistant peanuts |
| CN113973706A (en) * | 2021-10-15 | 2022-01-28 | 吉林省农业科学院 | Rapid breeding method for new variety of high-oleic-flower in high-latitude area |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109618922A (en) * | 2019-01-08 | 2019-04-16 | 青岛农业大学 | One screening technique for cultivating peanut the insensitive mutant of salt tolerant ethylene |
| CN109618922B (en) * | 2019-01-08 | 2022-04-08 | 青岛农业大学 | Screening method of peanut salt-tolerant ethylene insensitive mutant |
| CN113455380A (en) * | 2021-08-05 | 2021-10-01 | 山东青农产业发展有限公司 | Cultivation method of salt-tolerant high-oil high-oleic acid peanut variety |
| CN113455387A (en) * | 2021-08-06 | 2021-10-01 | 山东青农产业发展有限公司 | Screening method of high-oil high-oleic acid salt-resistant peanuts |
| CN113973706A (en) * | 2021-10-15 | 2022-01-28 | 吉林省农业科学院 | Rapid breeding method for new variety of high-oleic-flower in high-latitude area |
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