CN102948364A - High-yield and good-quality insect-resistant cotton hybrid with big cotton bolls and breeding method thereof - Google Patents
High-yield and good-quality insect-resistant cotton hybrid with big cotton bolls and breeding method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a high-yield and good-quality insect-resistant cotton hybrid with big cotton bolls and a breeding method thereof, and the method is characterized in that Xing cotton 24 is selected as a female parent and Mei cotton BP410 is selected as a male parent. The growing period is about 125 days, the plant height is 120cm, the plant is in a tower shape, the structure is reasonable, the branches have clear layers, and the light transmission is good. The sizes of leaves are appropriate, and the leave color is lighter. The whole plant has uniform cotton bolls, strong cotton boll-setting performance, high cotton boll yield, and about 150 cotton bolls can be grown on a single high-level rich water cultivating plant. The boll cells are circular, the single boll of a medium flow is above 6.5g, the ginning outturn is 41.43, and the blossom before frost is 85.05 percent. The fiber quality is good, the boll shell is thin, the boll opening is smooth, the picking is easy and the flower is white. Autumn cotton bolls and cotton bolls in dog days are in a large number, not premature, high temperature and low temperature resistant, can prevent blight, are certainly resistant to cotton tintinnid and pink tintinnid, have high and stable yield, and generally the yield of seed cotton per mu is 400 kilos to 500 kilos.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the pest-resistant cotton crossbreed of the large peach of a kind of high yield and high quality and selection, be exclusively used in the seed selection of high-yield cotton crossbreed, belong to the crop breeding field.
Background technology
Owing to lack the high-yield cotton kind, Cotton in China specific yield and unit profit are year by year downward trend.
2008 agricultural years, the cotton gross yield 8.00MMT of China; 2012, be reduced to 6.85MMT.From 2008 years to 2012 years, each year specific yield numerical value be respectively 1.34,1.33,1.25,1.34 and 1.36, downward trend has namely appearred.The output value of 2010/11 agricultural year is 2433 yuan every mu, and 2011/12 year then was 1995 yuan, reduces about 18.5%.Output (particularly specific yield and unit profit) significantly descends, and the consumption of totle drilling cost and unit cost is significantly being climbed to a higher point, the totle drilling cost in 2010/11 year is 1242 yuan every mu, then brings up to 1503 yuan, increase rate 2011/12 year and is approximately about 21%.With regard to profit, be about 1191 yuan every mu 2010/11 year, then be about 492 yuan, drop-off range 2011/12 year up to 58.8%.
It is worth noting that more China is from the self-sufficient importer that becomes of cotton cardinal principle.In 2009/10 year, the quantity of Chinese import cotton and the ratio of national output are approximately 33.69%, increase year by year later on, and 2012/13 year, this ratio are 45.26%, and namely import volume begins half near national output.China's 2011 annual cotton import scales are quite huge, and the accumulative total import reaches 3,240,000 tons.Because increasing substantially of demand, the Cotton shortage grows in intensity, and every year, breach reached 3,500,000 tons at least.
This shows, cultivate the high-yield cotton Hybrid, improve the specific yield of domestic cotton, reduce planting cost, is the top priority of pendulum in face of the Cotton in China breeder.
Summary of the invention
For lacking at present the high-yield cotton kind, the present invention discloses the pest-resistant cotton crossbreed of the large peach of a kind of high yield and high quality and selection.Its objective is provides a kind of high-yield cotton kind and selection to educate method, lacks to solve the present high-yield cotton kind of China, affects the problem of output of cotton.
The characteristics of the pest-resistant cotton crossbreed of the large peach of this high yield and high quality are: about 125 days breeding times, and 120 centimetres of plant heights, strain shape is turriform, and is rational in infrastructure, the fruit branch clear layer, light transmission is good.Blade is of moderate size, and the leaf look lighter.Complete stool knot bell is even, and the knot bell is strong, and the knot peach is many, and high rich water cultivation individual plant can be tied about 150 in peach.The bell oval, middle spend single bell weigh 6.5 the gram more than, ginning outturn 41.43, the frost before the flower rate 85.05%.Fiber quality is good, and boll is thin, and blow-of-cottons are smooth, easily plucks, and pattern is pure white.Qiu Tao, Fu Taoduo, not early ageing, high temperature resistant low temperature resistant, anti-withered and yellow withering has certain resistance to cotton, pink bollworm, and high yield, stable yields are given prominence to, about 800 jin of general per mu yields, the high yield field can reach more than 1000 jin.
The present inventionThe pest-resistant cotton crossbreed of the large peach of high yield and high quality
The technical scheme that provides is:
1. the parent has selection: the selection blade is large, peach is large, the bell ellipse, and seed is large, son refers to about 12 grams, plant type is loose, becomes the bell rate higher, and is high anti-yellowing, withered, blow-of-cottons are smooth, and peach type of the same size emerging cotton 24 is maternal, select plant tall and big, in to enclose peach many, fruit branch is short, barrel-shaped, and fruit branch Cheng Tao is closeer, peach type in the same size, even, each peach weighs more than 6 grams, and pest-resistant, anti-yellowing, withered U.S. cotton BP410 is male parent.
2. parent's plantation:
Seed farm requires plastic mulching, and the mu sowing quantity is not less than 1.5 kilograms, the every cave of bunch planting 3-4 grain seed.Father, the maternal 1:8 proportioning of pressing are planted, and wherein the more maternal early sowing 2-3 of male parent days, so that flower synchronization.The while female parent should be sowed complete before April 20, to prolong effective knot bell phase.Castration, pollination and assurance seed farm ventilation and penetrating light, reduction for ease of female parent come off, and the plantation of size row is carried out in maternal field.General Requirements wide row space 110-120cm, little line-spacing 60cm, spacing in the rows 33cm is about mu solid density 2200-2500 strain.One or a side in maternal field planted in the male parent field, requires spacing in the rows 25cm, about 3000 strains of mu density.To reserve 70-90cm isolated area between father, the maternal district, so that distinguish and management.
3. breeding of crossbreed:
Strictly screen by the time more than 3 years, select to have the plant of obvious heterosis, hybrid vigor.
The selection of high-yield cotton crossbreed provided by the invention:
1, standardized management
To the management of production of hybrid seeds base carry out standardized, set up administer archive, to charge to archives to the inspection situation of seed farm and the problem of existence, seed quality is carried out omnidistance dynamic management.The unified board of making, minute plot is carried out the field and is inserted board, indicates production of hybrid seeds person's name, kind, area etc.For ease of checking management, draw production of hybrid seeds floor map.Select the workman of field operation, carry out the seeding technique training, the field operates on the spot, and hero, pollination technique have been spent in skilled grasp stripping, and production of hybrid seeds personnel reserved thumbnail in front 10 days in the production of hybrid seeds, so that hero has been spent in stripping.Seed farm guarantees 60～90/hm2 labour.Set up technology groups and carry out the arrangement of production of hybrid seeds work and the formulation of technical specification.Per hectare needs quality inspection technician 1 people at least, is responsible for checking quality and the technological guidance who castrates, pollinates, and strictly to castration time and the supervision and check of leaking flower, leaking powder, maintains strict control over gate of the quality monitoring during the production of hybrid seeds, the assurance seed production purity.
2, seed farm is broadcast front preparation and parent's plantation
(2-1) the selection seed farm of seed farm to select that fertile soil, irrigation and drainage are convenient, Cheng Fang in flakes, fertility is even, physical features is smooth, the plot of anosis or hypopathia, the centre can not with other cotton fields flower arrangement plantations.Such as for years production of hybrid seeds of plot, must rotate crops to alleviate disease.
(2-2) seed farm is broadcast the seed farm of front preparation reservation last year, be the cotton field such as front stubble, after cotton harvesting is complete, the residual body of cotton plant is thoroughly cleared out of the plot, and (cotton is withered, verticillium wilt is soil-borne disease, cotton plant and fallen leaves are all with the blight bacterium, stay the cotton field disease is increased the weight of year by year), and behind cotton harvesting, implement to deep plough, can reduce to a certain extent so withered, the verticillium wilt extent of injury in plot, the later stage early ageing of effectively preventing cotton is for the seed farm high yield is laid good basis.Before the sowing, the ground moisture creating of in time spreading and sinking in, heavy dressing base manure, smooth, cultivated rake, epiphragma etc.
(2-3) parent prepares to broadcast front about 20 days with plantation, and choosing is fine to be carried out parental seed airing 2-3 days, to break seed dormancy, improves germination vigor and germination rate, and picks blighted grain, broken son etc.Seed farm requires plastic mulching, and the mu sowing quantity is not less than 1.5 kilograms, and the every cave of bunch planting 3-4 grain seed is to guarantee to broadcast full stand.Father, the maternal 1:8 proportioning of pressing are planted, and wherein the more maternal early sowing 2-3 of male parent days, so that flower synchronization.The while female parent should be sowed complete before April 20, to prolong effective knot bell phase.Castration, pollination and assurance seed farm ventilation and penetrating light, reduction for ease of female parent come off, and the plantation of size row is carried out in maternal field.General Requirements wide row space 110-120cm, little line-spacing 60cm, spacing in the rows 33cm is about mu solid density 2200-2500 strain.One or a side in maternal field planted in the male parent field, requires spacing in the rows 25cm, about 3000 strains of mu density.To reserve 70-90cm isolated area between father, the maternal district, so that distinguish and management.
3, seed farm field management main points
(3-1) seedling, the seedling management of flower bud period management after planting need 8-10 days time to emerging.Should in time loosen the soil behind the rain, abolish and harden, help seedling to be unearthed, strive for that one broadcasts full stand.The infull cotton field of emerging is in time reseeded this kind or transplanted, forbid to reseed other cotton seed.After cotton seedling was unearthed, in time thinning impelled the seedling stalwartness, early sends out.Strong sprout be to stay during thinning, weak seedling, sick seedling removed.Cotton seedling in time carries out final singling when growing 2-3 sheet true leaf.More serious such as temperature instability or damage by disease and insect generation in seedling stage, carry out in the time of can postponing till 3-4 sheet true leaf.Between, the cotton seedling pulled up during final singling, should take out of outside the field, with reduce disease, worm is propagated.Fill with the cotton field of soil moisture epiphragma, the short seedling that generally need not water in seedling stage to prevent the excessive surplus of nourishing and growing that causes of cotton field moisture, causes the cotton plant internode to elongate, and the fruit branch joint moves on the position, the little flower bud of large strain occurs.The seedling management emphasis is prevention and elimination of disease and pests, to prevent and treat cutworm and cotten aphid as main.The flower bud period management at first is under technical staff's guidance, carries out the impurity elimination work of father, female parent.Next rich water quality management.The flower bud phase is the period that cotton nutrient growth and reproductive growth are gone forward side by side, this the time period management key be that rich water is laid equal stress on, coordinate the cotton plant normal growth, for increasing volt peach quantity, dressing time should be than conventional cotton field ahead of time about a week, to guarantee the bell that is concentrated between pollination period, the quantity of topdressing should account for plans to topdress 30% of total amount, and waters permeable in conjunction with topdressing.The 3rd, in conjunction with the fertilising rupture of membranes, earth up in conjunction with intertillage.The 4th, change control.Take on a small quantity repeatedly principle, spray mepiquat chloride, to mould reasonable plant type.The 5th, pest control.Emphasis is to note observing male parent field cotton bollworm to occur dynamically, and in time control, avoids forming harm, the adverse consequences that can adopt without powder when causing pollinating.Maternal field need not prevent and treat cotton bollworm, but should note observing mirid pentatomid and aphid occurs dynamically, and in time control.
(3-2) from date that really customizes kind is generally in 1-5 day in July producing Crossbred period management (1-August 10 July) the A. production of hybrid seeds phase, and amortization period is August 10, the about 35-40 of production of hybrid seeds overall process days.As the production of hybrid seeds phase in advance, mashed peach rate can increase; The production of hybrid seeds phase is delayed, can make frost after flower increase, by the end of October before can not be all normal blow-of-cottons of cotton boll, kernel maturing is poor, strong sub-rate is low, affects the quality of hybrid seeding.B. before the impurity elimination before the production of hybrid seeds and preparation begin to do hybridization 1-5 day in July, will be according to the characteristic feature proterties of father, female parent, under technical staff's guidance, on the basis of flower bud phase impurity elimination, strictly pull out again hybrid strain, weak plant, variant and grave illness strain in the seed farm, and be ready to mark cloth and pollination bottle.In the Parent flower synchronization, that morning that begins to castrate by an inspection, is thoroughly removed all open Hua Jiyou ages on the maternal plant, to guarantee the purity of the production of hybrid seeds to maternal field simultaneously.C. castrate the flower that will open next day, the sharply elongation and expanding of corolla that afternoon, afternoon, yellow petal was exposed on the top, and bleach gradually, deliquescing.Consider the difference of flower bud growth speed between strain, the time that begins to castrate, after 2, the termination time was before 6 of m seqs in the afternoon.Since early 6 of next day, all production of hybrid seeds personnel must withdraw seed farm, so that production of hybrid seeds keeper checks and remove the bud of not castrating.Castrate and want thoroughly not want residual pollen grain.Correct operation should be accomplished to castrate thoroughly clean, namely must not have filigree and flower pesticide on the style, and can not damage ovary, column cap and bract.After the castration, ready bright-coloured cloth is ridden on the anthocaulus, in order to search when next day, pollinated the morning.Fail to finish the castration task such as rain, should after the rain all open flowers be extractd.D. get powder in the morning 6 point out ground after, production of hybrid seeds personnel can win on the paternal plant all and be about to open flowers, fetch and concentrate in the family with scissors clip pollen.Because taking all there is in various degree dew on flower bract and the corolla morning, note not making when gathering pollen speckling with the globule on the pollen, in order to avoid the pollen grain suction is broken, lose vigor, can't finish normal pollination.Pollen concentrates clip on newspaper, carries out the daylight airing, impels early loose powder of flower pesticide, and is bad such as cloudy day or sunlight, can toast under fluorescent bulb.After flower pesticide scatters, pollen is taken in the dry bottle, covers bottleneck with film, film is cut into cross shape at bottleneck, in order to pollination.Pollen is advisable to fill half bottle in the bottle.E. penicillin bottle pollination method is adopted in pollination.The vigor of pollen is the strongest with the morning, generally carries out after 8 o'clock Ban in morning dew to 12 o'clock column caps is done, and the cloudy day can suitably postpone, to guarantee to pollinate into the bell rate.During pollination, seek the pollination object according to bright-coloured mark cloth, maternal column cap is inserted in the bottle of back-off by the aperture that bottle covers, maternal column cap is buried in the pollen in bottle, the left rotation and right rotation bottle can be finished pollination.F. the end hybridization pollination of hybridization pollination all finished in August 10.After that morning pollination finishes, at once disposablely pull out the seed farm male parent, and cooperate in the afternoon the unified male parent that checks of production of hybrid seeds administrative staff to pull out situation.That afternoon, at once prune maternal strain, all do not do the hybridization bud in the maternal strain of the thorough removal of requirement, and one week of continuous review, and what strict removal leakage was cut newly blooms, the assurance purity of hybrid.(3-3) field planting management one is the point of in time pinching, and generally carries out July 15.The 2nd, early execute, pay attention to Hua Lingfei.Can topdress at twice respectively at early July and the last ten-days period, grasp front heavy rear light principle.The 3rd, in time change control, the prosperous length that prevents spindling forms strongly fragrant covering, and affects ventilation and penetrating light.Change control should grasp " control afterwards first urge, on a small quantity repeatedly, front gently rear weight " etc. principle.The 4th, male parent field cotton bollworm control.Should be specifically noted that cotton bollworm and other pest damage of preventing and treating the male parent field, to guarantee the pollination of maternal field sufficient pollen amount is arranged.The term of opening bolls, management entered September, and the hybridization bell is blow-of-cottons successively.After cotton enters the term of opening bolls, for the high yield cotton field, also will guarantee enough rich water supplies, to keep the cotton plant normal growth, in order to avoid because the lack of water fertilizer deficiency causes cotton premature senescence, affect seed development, it is heavy to reduce bell, affects production of hybrid seeds seed yield.As the cotton plant growing way obviously fail, top hybridization children is few age, the fertilising that just needn't rewater is in order to avoid cause diauxic growth.Simultaneously, in time cut off empty branch, increase cotton field illumination, to promote that bell heavily increases.Can gather in 7-10 days behind the general cotton boll blow-of-cottons, results are carried out for general minute three times.For the first time about carrying out by the end of September, at this moment complete stool hybridization bell has 1/3rd normal blow-of-cottons, for the second time about October 10, and existing 2/3rds normal blow-of-cottons of cotton complete stool this moment, end is gathered in the crops before October 25 for the last time.Maternal field takes to concentrate, in batches, unified results, unified airing after receiving, deposit.Receiving flower requires: do not receive dewflower, laugh at mouthful flower and a stiff hemp nettle.Such as the mashed heavier time of bell, should before first time cotton picking, singly pluck mashed bell, the airing of stripping flower transfers commodity cotton to and processes.
4, seed farm Major Diseases occurrence characteristic and control
(4-1) disease of sprout term disease generation in seedling stage generally is divided into two classes, and the one, the cotton shoot root of underground part section disease, as: damping off, red rot, anthracnose; The 2nd, the cotton seedling leaf disease of overground part, as: brown spot, black spot, ring spot etc.Particularly serious to cotton seedling harm in rainy low temperature time root disease, even if cotton seedling is rear not dead by sheer good luck by the germ infringement, but poor growth is grown postponement, has a strong impact on output.Seedling stage, diseases prevention was kept a full stand of seedings, and reach that seedling is neat, seedling is strong, and the one, take a series of good cultivation steps, impel the healthy and strong growth of cotton seedling, strengthen the premunition of cotton seedling; The 2nd, on the suitable parental seed of attentional selection and the basis of basking seeds, adopt father, the maternal seed of import seed coating medicine Cotton seeds, it reaches more than 95% its diseases control of seedling.
(4-2) withered, verticillium wilt evil fusarium wilt: before and after cotton plant is buddingged (mid or late June) reach and infect the peak, be the lethal disease.The onset peak of verticillium wilt in the field appears at flowering and boll-setting period (mid or late August), occurs when serious that complete stool is wilted or blade all comes off becomes polished rod.The fusarium wilt of cotton and verticillium wilt are the two large chronic diseases of harm cotton, are called " cancer " of cotton, worldwide resist the disease hazard except the resistance of utilizing cotton itself, also do not have other effectively preventing methods.In the Prevention Technique measure, the one, take cultivation step, improve the cotton procreation enviroment, meticulous whole ground, applying organic manure, culture fertility coordinates to use N,P,K fertilizers, balance fertilizing, accomplishing to meet drought can water, meeting waterlogging can arrange, and guarantees cotton energy healthy growth in adverse circumstance, improves resistance against diseases and the self-repairing capability of cotton self; The 2nd, Agro-chemicals control.Should select the import seed coating medicine to process seed from seed selection beginning, strain in the phase with 1000 times of liquid irrigating roots of 40% carbendazim, or add the anti-500 times of liquid mixed atomizings of extremely finding pleasure in 500 times of liquid of Xanthohumate, have to alleviate effect withered, the verticillium wilt generation; The 3rd, the timely rotation of crops.(4-3) red leaf blight evil: cotton red leaf blight, claim again " dead flower ", not high mainly due to Cotton field quality, it is improper that rich water uses, and makes cotton oligotrophy, due to the disorder.This disease occurs at the flowering and boll-setting period of cotton usually, and now having become affects a large obstacle that develops in a healthy way and affect cotton grower's income in the hybrid seeding field.Cause this disease occurrence cause to mainly contain: the one, the imbalance of nitrogen phosphorus potassium Application Ratio, cotton field potassium deficiency; The 2nd, old cotton field continuous cropping plantation.In control, mainly take following measures: the one, after cotton harvesting pulls out bavin, strengthen leveling land, be subjected to water even to guarantee the cotton field; Winter ploughing is ploughed deeply, with the improvement soil structure, and the thickening soil plough horizon; Strengthen to plough the rake soil moisture conservation spring, improve the cotton field ability of retaining and conserveing soil moisture; The 2nd, applying organic manure, science is used chemical fertilizer, the input of attention potash fertilizer and additional.The 3rd, guarantee good moisture environment, accomplish to meet drought and can water, meet waterlogging and can arrange, make soil moisture suitable, ventilation is good.The 4th, foliage-spray potash fertilizer at the red leaf blight their early stage, sprays the blade face with 2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, every spray in 7 days once, connects and sprays 2-3 time, can alleviate the Occurrence of red leaf blight.
5, the results of seed farm and seed processing: unified airing cotton before the cotton ginning, guarantee that seed moisture content is down to below 12%, cause broken sub-rate to increase to reduce the cotton ginning process, and prevent from occurring sealing in the seed stacking process piling up neatly going mouldy.Before the cotton ginning, answer thorough overhaul machine and clear, special plane specially rolls, and is strictly on guard against mechanical admixture and causes brokenly son.
Advantage and the good effect of high-yield cotton crossbreed provided by the invention and selection are:
[0016]The large peach bollworm-resistance hybrid cotton flower of high yield and high quality, moderate growth duration, about about 125 days.120 centimetres of plant heights, strain shape is turriform, and is rational in infrastructure, the fruit branch clear layer, light transmission is good.Blade is of moderate size, and the leaf look lighter.Complete stool knot bell is even, and the knot bell is strong, and the knot peach is many, and high rich water cultivation individual plant can be tied about 150 in peach.The bell oval, middle spend single bell weigh 6.5 the gram more than, ginning outturn 41.43, the frost before the flower rate 85.05%.Fiber quality is good, and boll is thin, and blow-of-cottons are smooth, easily plucks, and pattern is pure white.Qiu Tao, Fu Taoduo, not early ageing, high temperature resistant low temperature resistant, anti-withered and yellow withering has certain resistance to cotton, pink bollworm, and high yield, stable yields are given prominence to, about 800 jin of general per mu yields, the high yield field can reach more than 1000 jin.
Embodiment
1. parent's selection:
The selection blade is large, peach is large, the bell ellipse, and seed is large, son refers to about 12 grams, plant type is loose, becomes the bell rate higher, and is high anti-yellowing, withered, blow-of-cottons are smooth, and peach type of the same size emerging cotton 24 is maternal, select plant tall and big, in to enclose peach many, fruit branch is short, barrel-shaped, and fruit branch Cheng Tao is closeer, peach type in the same size, even, each peach weighs more than 6 grams, and pest-resistant, anti-yellowing, withered U.S. cotton BP410 is male parent.
2. parent's plantation:
Farming requires plastic mulching, and the mu sowing quantity is not less than 1.5 kilograms, the every cave of bunch planting 3-4 grain seed.Father, the maternal 1:8 proportioning of pressing are planted, and wherein the more maternal early sowing 2-3 of male parent days, so that flower synchronization.The while female parent should be sowed complete before April 20, to prolong effective knot bell phase.Castration, pollination and assurance seed farm ventilation and penetrating light, reduction for ease of female parent come off, and the plantation of size row is carried out in maternal field.General Requirements wide row space 110-120cm, little line-spacing 60cm, spacing in the rows 33cm is about mu solid density 2200-2500 strain.One or a side in maternal field planted in the male parent field, requires spacing in the rows 25cm, about 3000 strains of mu density.To reserve 70-90cm isolated area between father, the maternal district, so that distinguish and management.
3. the production of hybrid seeds phase is definite:
The from date of the production of hybrid seeds is generally in 1-5 day in July, and amortization period is August 10, the about 35-40 of production of hybrid seeds overall process days.As the production of hybrid seeds phase in advance, mashed peach rate can increase; The production of hybrid seeds phase is delayed, can make frost after flower increase, by the end of October before can not be all normal blow-of-cottons of cotton boll, kernel maturing is poor, strong sub-rate is low, affects the quality of hybrid seeding.
4. impurity elimination and the preparation before the production of hybrid seeds:
Before 1-5 day in July begins to do hybridization, will be according to the characteristic feature proterties of father, female parent, under technical staff's guidance, on the basis of flower bud phase impurity elimination, strictly pull out again hybrid strain, weak plant, variant and grave illness strain in the seed farm, and be ready to mark cloth and pollination bottle.In the Parent flower synchronization, that morning that begins to castrate by an inspection, is thoroughly removed all open Hua Jiyou ages on the maternal plant, to guarantee the purity of the production of hybrid seeds to maternal field simultaneously.
5.. the requirement of castrating:
The flower that will open the next day of castrating, the sharply elongation and expanding of corolla that afternoon, afternoon, yellow petal was exposed on the top, and bleach gradually, deliquescing.Consider the difference of flower bud growth speed between strain, the time that begins to castrate, after 2, the termination time was before 6 of m seqs in the afternoon.Since early 6 of next day, all production of hybrid seeds personnel must withdraw seed farm, so that production of hybrid seeds keeper checks and remove the bud of not castrating.Castrate and want thoroughly not want residual pollen grain.Correct operation should be accomplished to castrate thoroughly clean, namely must not have filigree and flower pesticide on the style, and can not damage ovary, column cap and bract.After the castration, ready bright-coloured cloth is ridden on the anthocaulus, in order to search when next day, pollinated the morning.Fail to finish the castration task such as rain, should after the rain all open flowers be extractd.
6. get the requirement of powder: get powder in the morning 6 point out ground after, production of hybrid seeds personnel can win on the paternal plant all and be about to open flowers, fetch and concentrate in the family with scissors clip pollen.Because taking all there is in various degree dew on flower bract and the corolla morning, note not making when gathering pollen speckling with the globule on the pollen, in order to avoid the pollen grain suction is broken, lose vigor, can't finish normal pollination.Pollen concentrates clip on newspaper, carries out the daylight airing, impels early loose powder of flower pesticide, and is bad such as cloudy day or sunlight, can toast under fluorescent bulb.After flower pesticide scatters, pollen is taken in the dry bottle, covers bottleneck with film, film is cut into cross shape at bottleneck, in order to pollination.Pollen is advisable to fill half bottle in the bottle.
7. the requirement of pollination: penicillin bottle pollination method is adopted in pollination.The vigor of pollen is the strongest with the morning, generally carries out after 8 o'clock Ban in morning dew to 12 o'clock column caps is done, and the cloudy day can suitably postpone, to guarantee to pollinate into the bell rate.During pollination, seek the pollination object according to bright-coloured mark cloth, maternal column cap is inserted in the bottle of back-off by the aperture that bottle covers, maternal column cap is buried in the pollen in bottle, the left rotation and right rotation bottle can be finished pollination.
8. the end of hybridization pollination: hybridization pollination all finished in August 10.After that morning pollination finishes, at once disposablely pull out the seed farm male parent, and cooperate in the afternoon the unified male parent that checks of production of hybrid seeds administrative staff to pull out situation.That afternoon, at once prune maternal strain, all do not do the hybridization bud in the maternal strain of the thorough removal of requirement, and one week of continuous review, and what strict removal leakage was cut newly blooms, the assurance purity of hybrid.
Claims (3)
1. the feature of the pest-resistant cotton crossbreed of the large peach of high yield and high quality and selection is, selects emerging cotton 24 for maternal, and selecting U.S. cotton BP410 is male parent.
2. the feature of the pest-resistant cotton crossbreed of the large peach of high yield and high quality according to claim 1 and selection is, about 125 days breeding times, and 120 centimetres of plant heights, strain shape is turriform, and is rational in infrastructure, the fruit branch clear layer, light transmission is good; Blade is of moderate size, and the leaf look lighter; Complete stool knot bell is even, and the knot bell is strong, and the knot peach is many, and high rich water cultivation individual plant can be tied about 150 in peach; The bell oval, middle spend single bell weigh 6.5 the gram more than, ginning outturn 41.43, the frost before the flower rate 85.05%; Fiber quality is good, and boll is thin, and blow-of-cottons are smooth, easily plucks, and pattern is pure white; Qiu Tao, Fu Taoduo, not early ageing, high temperature resistant low temperature resistant, anti-withered and yellow withering has certain resistance to cotton, pink bollworm, and high yield, stable yields are given prominence to, about 800 jin of general per mu yields, the high yield field can reach more than 1000 jin.
3. the feature of the pest-resistant cotton crossbreed of the large peach of high yield and high quality according to claim 1 and selection is, seed farm requires plastic mulching, and the mu sowing quantity is not less than 1.5 kilograms, the every cave of bunch planting 3-4 grain seed; Father, the maternal 1:8 proportioning of pressing are planted, and wherein the more maternal early sowing 2-3 of male parent days, so that flower synchronization; The while female parent should be sowed complete before April 20, to prolong effective knot bell phase; Castration, pollination and assurance seed farm ventilation and penetrating light, reduction for ease of female parent come off, and the plantation of size row is carried out in maternal field; General Requirements wide row space 110-120cm, little line-spacing 60cm, spacing in the rows 33cm is about mu solid density 2200-2500 strain; One or a side in maternal field planted in the male parent field, requires spacing in the rows 25cm, about 3000 strains of mu density; To reserve 70-90cm isolated area between father, the maternal district, so that distinguish and management.
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| CN 201210446848 CN102948364A (en) | 2012-11-11 | 2012-11-11 | High-yield and good-quality insect-resistant cotton hybrid with big cotton bolls and breeding method thereof |
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| CN 201210446848 CN102948364A (en) | 2012-11-11 | 2012-11-11 | High-yield and good-quality insect-resistant cotton hybrid with big cotton bolls and breeding method thereof |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103828580A (en) * | 2014-02-27 | 2014-06-04 | 中棉种业科技股份有限公司 | Screening method for testing high-temperature resistance of cotton in field |
| CN103964974A (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2014-08-06 | 济南巴顿化肥有限公司 | Special cotton fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN104719122A (en) * | 2015-02-11 | 2015-06-24 | 国营全椒县棉花原种总场 | Culture method of transgenic insect-resistant hybrid cotton |
| CN105724237A (en) * | 2016-02-18 | 2016-07-06 | 中国农业科学院棉花研究所 | Method for screening high-yield cotton hybrid through subtending leaves |
| CN106717852A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-05-31 | 徐永成 | The inoculation method that a kind of upland cotton is efficiently increased production |
| CN111149687A (en) * | 2020-02-28 | 2020-05-15 | 河北省农林科学院粮油作物研究所 | Method for cultivating cotton variety suitable for thin, dense-tolerant and rot-resistant bolls in thin and dense alternating environment |
| CN114586680A (en) * | 2022-04-02 | 2022-06-07 | 黄冈市农业科学院 | Method for efficient seed production and pollination of hybrid cotton |
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- 2012-11-11 CN CN 201210446848 patent/CN102948364A/en active Pending
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103828580A (en) * | 2014-02-27 | 2014-06-04 | 中棉种业科技股份有限公司 | Screening method for testing high-temperature resistance of cotton in field |
| CN103828580B (en) * | 2014-02-27 | 2015-09-23 | 中棉种业科技股份有限公司 | The resistant to elevated temperatures screening technique of a kind of field test cotton |
| CN103964974A (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2014-08-06 | 济南巴顿化肥有限公司 | Special cotton fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN103964974B (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2016-02-10 | 济南巴顿化肥有限公司 | A kind of fertilizer special for cotton and preparation method thereof |
| CN104719122A (en) * | 2015-02-11 | 2015-06-24 | 国营全椒县棉花原种总场 | Culture method of transgenic insect-resistant hybrid cotton |
| CN105724237A (en) * | 2016-02-18 | 2016-07-06 | 中国农业科学院棉花研究所 | Method for screening high-yield cotton hybrid through subtending leaves |
| CN106717852A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-05-31 | 徐永成 | The inoculation method that a kind of upland cotton is efficiently increased production |
| CN106717852B (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2021-01-26 | 南通宝诺家用纺织品有限公司 | Cultivation method for efficiently increasing yield of upland cotton |
| CN111149687A (en) * | 2020-02-28 | 2020-05-15 | 河北省农林科学院粮油作物研究所 | Method for cultivating cotton variety suitable for thin, dense-tolerant and rot-resistant bolls in thin and dense alternating environment |
| CN111149687B (en) * | 2020-02-28 | 2021-08-03 | 河北省农林科学院粮油作物研究所 | Method for cultivating cotton variety suitable for thin, dense-tolerant and rot-resistant bolls in thin and dense alternating environment |
| CN114586680A (en) * | 2022-04-02 | 2022-06-07 | 黄冈市农业科学院 | Method for efficient seed production and pollination of hybrid cotton |
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