CN106717852A - The inoculation method that a kind of upland cotton is efficiently increased production - Google Patents
The inoculation method that a kind of upland cotton is efficiently increased production Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/10—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof
- A01N47/24—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof containing the groups, or; Thio analogues thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/28—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N<
- A01N47/34—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N< containing the groups, e.g. biuret; Thio analogues thereof; Urea-aldehyde condensation products
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N53/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing cyclopropane carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N57/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds
- A01N57/10—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-oxygen bonds or phosphorus-to-sulfur bonds
- A01N57/14—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-oxygen bonds or phosphorus-to-sulfur bonds containing aromatic radicals
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the inoculation method that a kind of upland cotton is efficiently increased production, belong to agricultural plant Cultivating techniques field.The invention provides the inoculation method that a kind of upland cotton is efficiently increased production, including the operation such as seed selection, soil pretreatment, Seeds preprocess, sowing and management, expelling parasite scheme, harvesting, finished product storage, its integrated optimization to cotton culture technology scheme, has the advantages that to reduce pest and disease damage incidence, can improve the yield and quality of planted cotton, increase economic efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the inoculation method that a kind of inoculation method of upland cotton, particularly a kind of upland cotton efficiently increase production, category
In agricultural plant Cultivating techniques field.
Background technology
Upland cotton (scientific name：Gossypium hirsutum Linn.) Malvaceae annual herb plant, 0.6-1.5 high
Rice, sprig is dredged and is become mildewed.Ye Kuo is avette, and base portion is heart-shaped or heart shaped butt shape, and sliver triangular shape wide is avette, above it is near without hair, under
Dredge villosity in face；Petiole is dredged by pubescence；Stipule ovate crescent, it is caducous.Hua Dan is born in axil, and bennet is generally slightly short compared with petiole；
Squamella separates, and base portion is heart-shaped；Calyx cup-shaped, sliver triangle has echinid；Floral white is faint yellow, and pale red or purple are become afterwards
Color；1.2 centimetres of stamen column length.Capsule oval, has beak, 3-4 rooms；Seed is separated, oval, has white cotton wool long and canescence
The short cotton wool being not easily stripped.
There are 7 Semi-wild species (race), i.e. Ma Lijialangte cottons (Marie-Galante), Bao Moer in the cotton seed of land
Family name cotton (Paimerii), not Li Ershi cottons (Morrilli), sharp class cotton (punctatum), Yucatan cotton (Yucatanense),
Li Qimengdeshi cottons (Richmondii) and broad-leaved cotton (latifolium).Cultivar is typical annual undershrub,
Plant is tall and big, healthy and strong (plant height 100cm or so), and blade is roomy, 120-220 days breeding time.
One of tetraploid Shoot apex, scientific name GossypiumhirsutumL..Chromosome number 2n=4x=52.Originate in
The highland in Central America Mexico south and Caribbean Zhu Dao, also known as Upland cotton.It is suitable in vast subtropical zone, Temperate Region in China kind
Plant, be to be distributed widest cotton seed in the world.
First, the upland cotton of Tetraploid 1.：Leaf is larger, and 3-5 splits, and splits scale length not as good as the 1/2 of length of blade, there is the outer honey of bract
Gland, corolla is larger, milky, and generally without red heart, bell is big, and oval, bell face body of gland is few, more smooth, seed median size, typically
It is hair seed, fibre length 21-33mm, fibre fineness is 4500-7000m/g, fibre diameter is 13.5-19 μm, monofilament strength
It is 3.5-4.5g.
2. sea island cotton：Ye great, 3-5 split, and split scale length more than length really 1/2, there is the outer nectary of bract, and corolla is big, deep yellow
Color, there is red heart, and bell is medium, oval long, and bell face body of gland is more, and coarse, seed is larger, mostly light seed or end hair seed, fibre length
33-45mm, fibre fineness is 6500-9000m/g, and fibre diameter is 12-14.5 μm, and monofilament strength is 4.5-6.0g.
Upland cotton can often run into during cultivation, the problems such as temperature, soil moisture content, pest and disease damage, accordingly, it would be desirable to right
Each process of production properly protects, and its yield and quality is obtained lifting, and existing upland cotton is cultivated does not have systematic side
Method, it is therefore necessary to a set of rational upland cotton is provided and cultivates solution.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the inoculation method that a kind of upland cotton is efficiently increased production.
Disclosure sets forth the inoculation method that a kind of upland cotton is efficiently increased production, comprise the following steps successively：
(1) choose seeds：The tetraploid parent species with resistance are chosen as original seed, its mature sporophore is taken, it is floating by salt solution
The method of choosing is chosen seeds, and after seed selection, is dried more than 35 days in the sun；
(2) soil pretreatment：Prepartion of land, washes flat method and is processed using laser, is then plowed and is raked the soil level,
For the first time plow, the autumn turns over, and ploughs deeply below 30cm, builds low ridges between paddy fields and discharges water, and discharges water and is deep to 20-25cm, make soil salt alkali content reach 2% with
Under, saline and alkaline to penetrate into below 30cm, plow 25-26cm for the second time, upper fertilizer before plowing, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 40kg/ mus, urine
Plain 3kg/ mus, native 60kg/ mus of phosphate fertilizer, uniform cloth is spilt in soil everywhere, if described soil sand ground is harrowed three times, if blue clay ground
Rake more than four times, makes soil block fragmentary；
(3) Seeds preprocess：50% 150 grams of carbendazol wettable powder, 20% 250 grams of methylarsonic acid zinc wettable powder
It is well mixed with 5 grams of fine earths or plant ash, is then mixed thoroughly with 50 grams of cotton seeds, is sowed within three hours after agitation；
(4) sowing and management：Using the mulch film of 1.25m, line-spacing is that 51.5cm+51.5cm+50cm × 3 are a width film, strain
Away from 11 centimeters, mu 11862 plants of strain number of theory, or using the film of 2m, line-spacing is 59.3cm+59.3cm+50cm, spacing in the rows is 11 public
Point, mu 10580 plants of strain number of theory is filled the gaps with seedlings in 18~24 days after sowing, and sowing time is 30 days, in described sowing
In phase, the humidity of soil at the 10cm of underground need to be ensured more than 78%, meanwhile, set gutter, prevent ponding reach ground with
Lower 15cm, cotton plant is highly controlled between 80cm~1m, and fruit tongue averagely reaches 11 tongues and starts to pinch；
(5) expelling parasite scheme：Cotton age reach 50 days, 120 days, 200 days when, carry out expelling parasite treatment, matched using unified
Pest repellant carry out expelling parasite；
(6) harvest：Harvested using workalike cotton collecting cart, be placed in after harvesting under sunlight and be exposed to the sun 7-10 days,
And carry out turn-over treatment；
(7) finished product storage：The cotton that will be handled well is put into warehouse, and the air humidity in warehouse is controlled below 65%, and
Daily 5~12 times of air exchange amount is carried out using blower fan.
Further, the weight saline ratio that described brine floatage is used is for 1.85~3 portions of salt：100 parts of water, it is described
Saline to being completely dissolved.
Further, the pest repellant of described unified proportioning, its proportioning is：5% 75-112.5 grams of 5 percent of hexaflumuron emulsifiable concentrate/public affairs
Hectare；Pungent 180-240 grams/ha of the missible oil of 20% fluorine bell；20% goes out 100-150 grams/ha of pungent missible oil；25% decamethrin
100-150 grams/ha.
The positive effect of the present invention is：
1st, by the integrated optimization to cotton culture technology scheme, cotton planting is made with more systematicness, while can carry
The yield and quality of the cotton that height is planted.
2nd, it is that cotton planting sets good cultivation basis, by salt solution by selection and the pretreating scheme of supplying mother seed
Seed selection and Seeds preprocess, can improve the survival rate of seed, reduce the possibility occurrence of disease, increase economic efficiency.
3rd, carry out rational proportion by pest repellant, make its scope of application wider, can full protection insect, reach raising produce
The effect of amount.
Specific embodiment
For the present invention can be described in detail, further detailed description is done to the present invention with reference to specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1
The inoculation method that a kind of upland cotton is efficiently increased production, comprises the following steps successively：
(1) choose seeds：The tetraploid parent species with resistance are chosen as original seed, its mature sporophore is taken, it is floating by salt solution
The method of choosing is chosen seeds, and weight saline ratio is, 2.15 portions of salt：100 parts of water, stirring is taken out to being completely dissolved, and is dried in the air in the sun
Shine 35 days；
(2) soil pretreatment：Prepartion of land, washes flat method and is processed using laser, is then plowed and is raked the soil level,
Plow for the first time, the autumn turns over, and ploughs deeply 30cm, builds low ridges between paddy fields and discharges water, and discharges water and is deep to 20cm, soil salt alkali content is reached less than 2%, it is saline and alkaline
Penetrate into below 30cm, plow 25cm for the second time, upper fertilizer before plowing, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 40kg/ mus, urea 3kg/ mus,
Native phosphate fertilizer 60kg/ mus, uniform cloth is spilt in soil everywhere, and selected soil is that sand ground is harrowed three times, makes soil block fragmentary；
(3) Seeds preprocess：50% 150 grams of carbendazol wettable powder, 20% 250 grams of methylarsonic acid zinc wettable powder
It is well mixed with 5 grams of fine earths or plant ash, is then mixed thoroughly with 50 grams of cotton seeds, is sowed within three hours after agitation；
(4) sowing and management：Using the mulch film of 1.25m, line-spacing is that 51.5cm+51.5cm+50cm × 3 are a width film, strain
Away from 11 centimeters, mu 11862 plants of strain number of theory is filled the gaps with seedlings in 18~24 days after sowing, and sowing time is 30 days, described
Sowing time in, the humidity of soil at the 10cm of underground need to be ensured more than 78%, meanwhile, set gutter, prevent ponding from reaching
Below ground 15cm, cotton plant is highly controlled between 80cm~1m, and fruit tongue averagely reaches 11 tongues and starts to pinch；
(5) expelling parasite scheme：Cotton age reach 50 days, 120 days, 200 days when, carry out expelling parasite treatment, matched using unified
Pest repellant carry out expelling parasite, its proportioning is：5% 112.5 grams/ha of 5 percent of hexaflumuron emulsifiable concentrate；180 grams of the pungent missible oil of 20% fluorine bell/public affairs
Hectare；20% goes out 100 grams/ha of pungent missible oil；25% 150 grams/ha of decamethrin；
(6) harvest：Harvested using workalike cotton collecting cart, be placed in after harvesting under sunlight and be exposed to the sun 10 days, and
Carry out daily turn-over；
(7) finished product storage：The cotton that will be handled well is put into warehouse, and the air humidity in warehouse is controlled below 65%, and
Daily 5 times of air exchange amount is carried out using blower fan.
Embodiment 2
The inoculation method that a kind of upland cotton is efficiently increased production, comprises the following steps successively：
(1) choose seeds：The tetraploid parent species with resistance are chosen as original seed, its mature sporophore is taken, it is floating by salt solution
The method of choosing is chosen seeds, and weight saline ratio is, 1.85 portions of salt：100 parts of water, stirring is taken out to being completely dissolved, and is dried in the air in the sun
Shine 40 days；
(2) soil pretreatment：Prepartion of land, washes flat method and is processed using laser, is then plowed and is raked the soil level,
Plow for the first time, the autumn turns over, and ploughs deeply 30cm, builds low ridges between paddy fields and discharges water, and discharges water and is deep to 20cm, soil salt alkali content is reached less than 2%, it is saline and alkaline
Penetrate into below 30cm, plow 25cm for the second time, upper fertilizer before plowing, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 40kg/ mus, urea 3kg/ mus,
Native phosphate fertilizer 60kg/ mus, uniform cloth is spilt in soil everywhere, and selected soil is that sand ground is harrowed three times, makes soil block fragmentary；
(3) Seeds preprocess：50% 150 grams of carbendazol wettable powder, 20% 250 grams of methylarsonic acid zinc wettable powder
It is well mixed with 5 grams of fine earths or plant ash, is then mixed thoroughly with 50 grams of cotton seeds, is sowed within three hours after agitation；
(4) sowing and management：Using the mulch film of 1.25m, line-spacing is that 51.5cm+51.5cm+50cm × 3 are a width film, strain
Away from 11 centimeters, mu 11862 plants of strain number of theory is filled the gaps with seedlings in 18~24 days after sowing, and sowing time is 30 days, described
Sowing time in, the humidity of soil at the 10cm of underground need to be ensured more than 78%, meanwhile, set gutter, prevent ponding from reaching
Below ground 15cm, cotton plant is highly controlled between 80cm~1m, and fruit tongue averagely reaches 11 tongues and starts to pinch；
(5) expelling parasite scheme：Cotton age reach 50 days, 120 days, 200 days when, carry out expelling parasite treatment, matched using unified
Pest repellant carry out expelling parasite, its proportioning is：5% 75 grams/ha of 5 percent of hexaflumuron emulsifiable concentrate；240 grams/ha of the pungent missible oil of 20% fluorine bell；
20% goes out 150 grams/ha of pungent missible oil；25% 150 grams/ha of decamethrin；
(6) harvest：Harvested using workalike cotton collecting cart, be placed in after harvesting under sunlight and be exposed to the sun 10 days, and
Carry out daily turn-over；
(7) finished product storage：The cotton that will be handled well is put into warehouse, and the air humidity in warehouse is controlled below 65%, and
Daily 8 times of air exchange amount is carried out using blower fan.
Embodiment 3
The inoculation method that a kind of upland cotton is efficiently increased production, comprises the following steps successively：
(1) choose seeds：The tetraploid parent species with resistance are chosen as original seed, its mature sporophore is taken, it is floating by salt solution
The method of choosing is chosen seeds, and weight saline ratio is, 3 portions of salt：100 parts of water, stirring is taken out to being completely dissolved, and is dried in the sun
35 days；
(2) soil pretreatment：Prepartion of land, washes flat method and is processed using laser, is then plowed and is raked the soil level,
Plow for the first time, the autumn turns over, and ploughs deeply 30cm, builds low ridges between paddy fields and discharges water, and discharges water and is deep to 20cm, soil salt alkali content is reached less than 2%, it is saline and alkaline
Penetrate into below 30cm, plow 25cm for the second time, upper fertilizer before plowing, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 40kg/ mus, urea 3kg/ mus,
Native phosphate fertilizer 60kg/ mus, uniform cloth is spilt in soil everywhere, and selected soil is that sand ground is harrowed three times, makes soil block fragmentary；
(3) Seeds preprocess：50% 150 grams of carbendazol wettable powder, 20% 250 grams of methylarsonic acid zinc wettable powder
It is well mixed with 5 grams of fine earths or plant ash, is then mixed thoroughly with 50 grams of cotton seeds, is sowed within three hours after agitation；
(4) sowing and management：Using the film of 2m, line-spacing is 59.3cm+59.3cm+50cm, and spacing in the rows is 11 centimeters, and mu is theoretical
10580 plants of strain number, is filled the gaps with seedlings in 18~24 days after sowing, and sowing time is 30 days, within described sowing time, needs to protect
The humidity of soil at the 10cm of underground is demonstrate,proved more than 78%, meanwhile, gutter is set, prevent ponding from reaching below ground 15cm, cotton
Plant height degree is controlled between 80cm~1m, and fruit tongue averagely reaches 11 tongues and starts to pinch；
(5) expelling parasite scheme：Cotton age reach 50 days, 120 days, 200 days when, carry out expelling parasite treatment, matched using unified
Pest repellant carry out expelling parasite, its proportioning is：5% 75 grams/ha of 5 percent of hexaflumuron emulsifiable concentrate；180 grams/ha of the pungent missible oil of 20% fluorine bell；
20% goes out 10 grams/ha of pungent missible oil；25% 100-150 grams/ha of decamethrin；
(6) harvest：Harvested using workalike cotton collecting cart, be placed in after harvesting under sunlight and be exposed to the sun 8 days, gone forward side by side
The daily turn-over of row；
(7) finished product storage：The cotton that will be handled well is put into warehouse, and the air humidity in warehouse is controlled below 65%, and
Daily 12 times of air exchange amount is carried out using blower fan.
Embodiments of the invention have been described in detail above, but described content is only preferable implementation of the invention
Example, it is impossible to protection scope of the present invention is only limited with embodiment.
Claims (3)
1. the inoculation method that a kind of upland cotton is efficiently increased production, it is characterised in that：
(1) choose seeds：The tetraploid parent species with resistance are chosen as original seed, its mature sporophore is taken, by brine floatage
Method is chosen seeds, and after seed selection, is dried more than 35 days in the sun；
(2) soil pretreatment：Prepartion of land, washes flat method and is processed using laser, is then plowed and is raked the soil level, and first
Secondary to plow, the autumn turns over, and ploughs deeply below 30cm, builds low ridges between paddy fields and discharges water, and discharges water and is deep to 20-25cm, soil salt alkali content is reached less than 2%,
Saline and alkaline to penetrate into below 30cm, plow 25-26cm for the second time, upper fertilizer, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 40kg/ mus, urea before plowing
3kg/ mus, native 60kg/ mus of phosphate fertilizer, uniform cloth is spilt in soil everywhere, if described soil sand ground is harrowed three times, if blue clay ground rake
More than four times, make soil block fragmentary；
(3) Seeds preprocess：50% 150 grams of carbendazol wettable powder, 250 grams of 20% methylarsonic acid zinc wettable powder and 5
Gram fine earth or plant ash are well mixed, are then mixed thoroughly with 50 grams of cotton seeds, are sowed within three hours after agitation；
(4) sowing and management：Using the mulch film of 1.25m, line-spacing 51.5cm+51.5cm+50cm × 3 are a width film, and spacing in the rows 11 is public
Point, mu 11862 plants of strain number of theory, or using the film 59.3cm+59.3cm+50cm of 2m, spacing in the rows is 11 centimeters, mu theory strain number
10580 plants, filled the gaps with seedlings in 18~24 days after sowing, sowing time is 30 days, within described sowing time, need to ensure ground
The humidity of soil is more than 78% at lower 10cm, meanwhile, gutter is set, prevent ponding from reaching below ground 15cm, cotton plant is high
Between 80cm~1m, fruit tongue averagely reaches 11 tongues and starts to pinch for degree control；
(5) expelling parasite scheme：Cotton age reach 50 days, 120 days, 200 days when, expelling parasite treatment is carried out, using the drive of unified proportioning
Worm agent carries out expelling parasite；
(6) harvest：Harvested using workalike cotton collecting cart, be placed in after harvesting under sunlight and be exposed to the sun 7-10 days, gone forward side by side
The treatment of row turn-over；
(7) finished product storage：The cotton that will be handled well is put into warehouse, and the air humidity in warehouse is controlled below 65%, and is used
Blower fan carries out daily 5~12 times of air exchange amount.
2. the inoculation method that a kind of upland cotton according to claim 1 is efficiently increased production, it is characterised in that：Described salt solution is floated
The used weight saline ratio of choosing is, 1.85~3 portions of salt：100 parts of water, described saline is to being completely dissolved.
3. the inoculation method that a kind of upland cotton according to claim 1 is efficiently increased production, it is characterised in that：Described unification is matched somebody with somebody
The pest repellant of ratio, its proportioning is：5% 75-112.5 grams/ha of 5 percent of hexaflumuron emulsifiable concentrate；Pungent 180-240 grams of the missible oil of 20% fluorine bell/public affairs
Hectare；20% goes out 100-150 grams/ha of pungent missible oil；25% 100-150 grams/ha of decamethrin.
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